Intervention effect of fucoxanthin supplementation on cadmium-induced thyroid injury in mice

Abstract Background: The Intervention effect of fucoxanthin, which is reportedly a powerful antioxidant, on cadmium-induced thyroid damage in mice was evaluated.Methods: Animals (N = 120) were divided into control group (given pure water, N=20) and CdCl-exposed group (given CdCl orally at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day for 30 days, N=100). Besides, the CdCl-exposed group were divided into following 5 groups (N=20) to evaluate the intervention effect of fucoxanthin: 1) negative control group (NCG, animals were supplied with pure water); 2) positive control group (PCG, animals were supplied with 50 mg/kg bw/day thyroid tablets); 3) low fucoxanthin concentration group (F1, animals were supplied with 10 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin); 4)medium fucoxanthin concentration group (F2, animals were supplied with 25 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin); 5) high fucoxanthin concentration groups (F3, animals were supplied with 50 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin). A 14-day treatment was conducted for these animals. The levels of T4, T3, MDA, APX and CAT were measured, and the expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, ERK1, ERK2, MEK1, eIf2α, p-eIf2α, GRP78 and GRP94 genes were determined using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). In addition, tissue histopathology and ultrastructure were recorded and analyzed.Results: We found that injection of cadmium chloride (CdCl) decreased blood T4 and T3 levels to 27.10 ng/ml and 837.74 pg/ml, respectively. In addition, CdCl intoxication induced oxidative stress, structural abnormalities and apoptosis in thyroid follicles. Our results showed that treatment of CaCl-exposed mice with 25-50 mg/kg bw/day fucoxanthin appreciably decreased oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by CdCl, and restored the microstructural and ultrastructural organisation of the thyroid gland towards normalcy. Compared with the negative control group, fucoxanthin treatment groups showed significantly upregulated T4 and T3 levels (52.17 ng/ml and 1669.18 ng/ml, respectively; P ＜ 0.05), relieved oxidative stress by decreasing Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and increasing Catalase (CAT) and Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) levels, and increased apoptosis inhibition through inhibiting the ERK1/2 pathway and preventing endoplasmic reticulum stress in thyroid follicular epithelial cells.Conclusion: Herein, our study provides evidence of the protective effects of fucoxanthin supplementation against thyroid damage, and suggests therapeutic potential of this pigment in cases of Cd intoxication and hypothyroidism.

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The Effect of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone on the Expression of WISP1 in Traumatic Brain Injury

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2017/4782820 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yongqi Ye ◽

Pengju Zhang ◽

Yuhang Qian ◽

Baoxin Yin ◽

Meijuan Yan

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Pyrroloquinoline Quinone ◽

Protective Role ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Si Rna

WISP1, as a member of the CCN4 protein family, has cell protective effects of promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Although some studies have confirmed that WISP1 is concerned with colon cancer and lung cancer, there is little report about the influence of WISP1 in traumatic brain injury. Here, we found that the expression of WISP1 mRNA and protein decreased at 3 d and then increased at 5 d after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Meanwhile, immunofluorescence demonstrated that there was little colocation of WISP1 with GFAP, Iba1, and WISP1 colocalized with NeuN partly. WISP1 colocalized with LC3, but there was little of colocation about WISP1 with cleaved caspase-3. Subsequent study displayed that the expression ofβ-catenin protein was identical to that of WISP1 after TBI. WISP1 was mainly located in cytoplasm of PC12 or SHSY5Y cells. Compared with the negative control group, WISP1 expression reduced obviously in SHSY5Y cells transfected with WISP1 si-RNA. CCK-8 assay showed that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) had little influence on viability of PC12 and SHSY5Y cells. These results suggested that WISP1 played a protective role after traumatic brain injury in rats, and this effect might be relative to autophagy caused by traumatic brain injury.

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Protective Effect of Combination Commercial Black Seed Oil (Nigella sativa) and Honey Against Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Muhammadiyah Medical Journal ◽

10.24853/mmj.1.2.43-48 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Andri Muhrim Siddiq ◽

Muhammad In'am Ilmiawan ◽

Mitra Handini

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Rat Liver ◽

Liver Tissue ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Black Seed ◽

Black Seed Oil

Background: The chemotherapeutic use of cisplatin (CP) is restricted because of its hepatotoxicity induced by oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a secondary product of lipid peroxidation as a biomarker of oxidative stress. Individual administration of black seed oil (BSO) or honey (H) demonstrated hepatoprotective effect in rats. Interaction of both substances when administrated as combination can be evaluated using combination index (CI) to quantitatively depict synergism (CI<1), additive (CI=1) and antagonism effect (CI>1). Objective: to know the combination effect of BSO and honey on rat liver tissue given CP exposure. Methods: This study used 30 rats were divided into 10 groups. Normal group (N); Negative control group (NC); P1-P4 groups were administerated BSO (1 and 2 mL/kg) and honey (3.7 and 7.4 mL/kg); P5-P8 groups were combination of BSO and H. P1-P8 groups were given BSO and honey orally for 21 days. On the 18th day, NC and P1-P8 groups were given CP 8 mg/kg intraperitoneally, while the N group was given NaCl 0.9% 1 mL/kg intraperitoneally. Result: Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were found to be lower in P1-P8 groups compared to negative control group and P6 and P7 groups have levels equivalent to MDA levels of normal control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Combination of BSO and honey provides a protective effect on cisplatin-induced rat liver tissue damage indicated by reduced MDA levels, but all combination group showed antagonism effect.

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Celastrol pretreatment as a therapeutic option against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity

Toxicology Research ◽

10.1039/c9tx00141g ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 723-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tugce Boran ◽

Aysenur Gunaydin ◽

Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi ◽

Eren Ozcagli ◽

Buket Alpertunga

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Control Group ◽

Epithelial Cell Line ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Wide Range ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Celastrol is a natural bioactive compound extracted from the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. It exhibits immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of a wide range of tumors. Although very effective therapeutically, it can cause nephrotoxicity leading to dose reduction or discontinuation of treatment. This study aims to clarify the therapeutic potential of celastrol in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. The possible protective effects of celastrol pretreatment against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity were investigated. A rat kidney epithelial cell line NRK-52E was pretreated with the desired concentrations of celastrol (200 nM, 100 nM, and 50 nM) for 24 h. The cells were treated with 50 μM cisplatin for a further 24 h to see whether cisplatin caused the same or less toxicity compared to the vehicle control group. Alkaline comet assay was performed for genotoxicity assessment. Genotoxicity evaluation revealed that celastrol caused a statistically significant reduction in DNA damage. Oxidative stress parameters were evaluated by measuring the glutathione (GSH) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels and also by measuring the enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Celastrol pretreatment increased the GSH content of the cells and ameliorated the protein carbonylation level. Likewise, celastrol pretreatment improved the GR and CAT activities. However, no significant difference was observed in GPx and SOD activities. In the light of these findings, celastrol treatment could be a therapeutic option to reduce cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Further studies are needed for the clarification of its therapeutic potential.

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THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ECHINOPS HETEROPHYLLUS AQUEOUS EXTRACT AGAINST METHOTREXATE-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RABBITS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i1.30213 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 384 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Heba Abdulmohsin ◽

Ahmed Abu Raghif ◽

Mohammed Jabbar Manna

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Study Results ◽

Flavonoid Fraction

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of Iraqi Echinops heterophyllus aqueous crude extract and its flavonoid fraction against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits.Methods: MTX-induced hepatotoxicity by administration of 20 mg/kg MTX intraperitoneally for 3 successive days was used as animal model, and animals were arrayed in four groups with eight animals in each group: Group 1 was the healthy control, Group 2 - the negative control receiving MTX only, Group 3 received MTX+crude extract of E. heterophyllus, and Group 4 administered MTX+flavonoid fraction of E. heterophyllus. The study duration was 10 days; at day 11, animals were sacrificed, and the blood samples were obtained for the measurement of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein, and albumin as well as ELISA assay of the oxidative stress markers such as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The liver was dissected and processed for histopathological investigation and scoring. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the significance of each result.Results: The study results revealed severe liver damage due to MTX administration in the negative control (induced-non treated) group in comparison with healthy group, also there was significant hepatoprotective effect after administration of the crude extract of E. heterophyllus, and flavonoid fraction from E. heterophyllus shown after biochemical liver function tests and anti-oxidant properties demonstrated by the measurement of oxidative stress markers MDA and GSH. The crude extract of E. heterophyllus shown superior hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect. Histopathological scoring showed a remarkable decrease in the scores of the treatment groups in comparison with the high score in the MTX only treated group.Conclusions: MTX administered in a dose of 20 mg/kg for 3 successive days causes marked liver injury, while treatment with the crude extract and flavonoid fraction of E. heterophyllus significantly ameliorates MTX-induced liver damage, although the crude extract of E. heterophyllus seems to have the most hepatoprotective properties.

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Chlorogenic acid prevents alcohol-induced brain damage in neonatal rat

Translational Neuroscience ◽

10.1515/tnsci-2017-0024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zikang Guo ◽

Jiang Li

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Treated Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Neonatal Rat ◽

Control Group

AbstractThe present investigation evaluates the neuroprotective effect of chlorogenic acid (CA) in alcohol-induced brain damage in neonatal rats. Ethanol (12 % v/v, 5 g/kg) was administered orally in the wistar rat pups on postnatal days (PD) 7-9. Chlorogenic acid (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered continuously from PD 6 to 28. Cognitive function was estimated by Morris water maze (MWM) test. However, activity of acetylcholinesterase, inflammatory mediators, parameters of oxidative stress and activity of caspase-3 enzyme was estimated in the tissue homogenate of cerebral cortex and hippocampus of ethanol-exposed pups. It has been observed that treatment with CA attenuates the altered cognitive function in ethanol-exposed pups. There was a significant decrease in the activity of acetylcholinesterase in the CA treated group compared to the negative control group. However, treatment with CA significantly ameliorates the increased oxidative stress and concentration of inflammatory mediators in the brain tissues of ethanol-exposed pups. Activity of caspase-3 enzyme was also found significantly decreased in the CA treated group compared to the negative control group. The present study concludes that CA attenuates the neuronal damage induced in alcohol exposed neonatal rat by decreasing the apoptosis of neuronal cells.

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Efek Protektif Jus Buah Nanas (Ananas Comosus (l.) Merr.) Terhadap Kadar Enzim SGOT dan SGPT Mencit (Mus Musculus L) Jantan Yang Dipapari Tuak Lokal Lombok

Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Ternate ◽

10.32763/juke.v13i1.182 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 38-45

Author(s):

Ari Khusuma

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Liver Damage ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Palm Wine ◽

White Rats ◽

Alcoholic Drinks

Traditional alcoholic drinks are made traditionally or conventionally and simply packed. One of the traditional alcoholic drinks in Indonesia and commonly consumed is Tuak (Palm wine). Several indigenous communities in Lombok have fermented drinks popularly known as Tuak or Arak. Palm sap which is the basic ingredient in making palm wine containing alcohol. The most common liver diseases due to alcohol abuse include fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Ethanol metabolism in liver cells can cause an increase in the production of free radicals with various mechanisms so that oxidative stress will damage liver tissue. The supply of pineapple can prevent and repair liver damage due to oxidative stress processes, especially those caused by alcohol. Markers of liver damage are SGOT and SGPT enzymes. This research is a true experiment. The total number of experimental animals used was 21 individuals, negative control rats were only given standard feed, positive control rats were given palm wine without pineapple extract and treatment group were given palm wine and pineapple extract. Palm wine and pineapple were given together with standard feed for 14 days and on day 15th, the blood of the rats was taken to check the levels of SGOT and blood SGPT. The results showed the average SGOT enzyme levels in the negative control group 117.85 U / L, in the positive control group 126.14 U / L, and the treatment group 110.71 U / L. ANOVA test shows SGOT levels of white rats have significant differences in the experiments conducted (p <0.05). Examination of SGPT enzyme levels in the negative control group obtained an average yield of 25.42 U / L, positive control 30.42 U / L, and treatment 29.14 U / L. The ANOVA test results of SGPT levels in white rats show significant differences in the experiments conducted (p <0.05).

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Kebar Grass Extract (Biophitum Petersianum) Increases Diameter Of The Seminiferous Tubules Of Diabetic Mice

Saintika Medika ◽

10.22219/sm.vol17.smumm1.12150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48

Author(s):

Faraida Arvilla

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Stress Oxidative

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that can affect the male reproductive system. The condition of hyperglycemia will increase the production of ROS, causing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes microangiopathy, triggers cell apoptosis, interferes with spermatogenesis, thereby affecting the diameter of the seminiferous tubules. Kebar grass contains of flavonoid and vitamin E which can be used to reduce ROS reactions and inhibit oxidative stress. This research was to prove that kebar grass extract can increase diameter of the seminiferous tubules of diabetic mice. Total of 30 samples were divided into 5 groups: negative control group (K-) was given CMC-Na, positive control group (K+) was given metformin 2mg/kg, groups P1, P2 and P3 received 2mg/kg metformin and kebar grass extract with different dosages (67.5mg/kg, 135mg/kg and 270mg/kg). The treatment lasted for 35 days. On the 36th day the mice were sacrificed and the testes were taken, then histological observations were made with HE staining to measure the diameter of tubules. The result showed that there was a significant difference in the diameter of seminiferous tubules with p value=0,000. Kebar grass extract can increase the diameter of seminiferous tubules of diabetic mice.

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Antimalarial activity of goat bile against Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection in BALB/c mice

Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya ◽

10.30651/jqm.v4i2.3540 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 187

Author(s):

Kholida Nur Aini ◽

Windya Tri Hapsari ◽

Kartika Arum Wardani ◽

Heny Arwati ◽

Willy Sandhika

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Berghei ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Day Treatment ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Plasmodium Berghei Anka ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Drug Candidates

Abstract Goat bile has been used by some Indonesian people to treat malaria and increase their stamina. This study aimed to prove whether goat bile toxic or not in BALB/c mice and to verify the antimalarial activity of goat bile at various concentrations in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Acute toxicity test was performed using twenty male BALB/c mice with an average body weight of 25 grams, which were divided into four groups. Mice were given 25%, 50%, and 100% goat bile, respectively, while negative control was given distilled water. Any change in weight, odor, color, agitation, appearance, color of urine and feces, coma, and death, were recorded. A different set of mice were infected with P. berghei ANKA. This study conducted using the posttest only control group design with four treatments and five replications. A four day-treatment of goat bile was given by oral gavage to find out its effect on parasitemia level. Infected mice were divided randomly into 4 groups, where the GBNeg group as negative control was given only distilled water. The GB25, GB50, and GB100 groups were treated with 25%, 50%, and 100% goat bile, respectively. The parasitemia was observed daily on Giemsa-stained tail blood smears of each mice. No death or other sign of toxicity was found in goat bile-treated mice. Goat bile showed anti-malarial activity. The parasitemia in all goat bile treated groups was lower compared with the negative control group. The ED50 of goat bile against the growth of parasite was 48,55 %. Goat bile is a potential source of new antimalarial therapies. Further investigations are recommended to yield new anti-malarial drug candidates. Keywords : Goat bile, parasitemia, Plasmodium berghei ANKA, ED50Correspondence : [email protected]

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Aqueous extract from Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Lauraceae) stem-bark ameliorates gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory markers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-216572/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

ATSAMO Albert ◽

LONTSIE Auscar SONGMENE ◽

Mireille Flaure METCHI DONFACK ◽

Omer Bébé NGOUATEU KENFACK ◽

Télesphore Benoît NGUELEFACK ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Weight ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Relative Weight ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Cinnamomum Zeylanicum ◽

Reference Drug

Abstract Nephropathies and especially nephrotoxicity has become one of serious cause of life threatening condition, because of intensive exposure to xenobiotic either by environmental pollution or drug abuse. The present study was undertaken to assess the protective effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum stem-bark aqueous extract (AECZ) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. AECZ was prepared by maceration in water and tested orally at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day to prevent gentamicin induced nephropathies in male Wistar rats. Gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day) was administered for 14 consecutive days by intraperitoneal route, concomitantly with AECZ or silymarin (50 mg/kg/day) used as reference drug. Animal body weight was monitored during the treatment. After the last treatment of the 14 th day, a 24h urine was collected and animals were sacrificed. Blood was collected for the evaluation of hematological and renal function biomarkers. The homogenate of one kidney was used to assess oxidative stress markers and pro-inflammatory cytokine, while the other one was fixed in formaldehyde for histopathological studies. Gentamicin decreased body weight, serum total proteins and calcemia, but increased kidneys relative weight, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid. Moreover, the levels of reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were decreased, while an increase in malondialdehyde, proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6) and nitrites were observed in negative control group as compared to normal control. Histological analysis of the kidney revealed the presence of tubular necrosis, glomerular degeneration and macrophage infiltration in gentamicin treated group. All these impairment parameters were prevented by AECZ and silymarin treatments.AECZ has a protective effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of this extract may highly contribute to its nephroprotective activity.

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Evaluation and correlation of oxidative stress and haemato-biochemical observations in horses with natural patent and latent trypanosomosis in Punjab state of India

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2018-0087 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 733-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rahul Parashar ◽

Lachhman Das Singla ◽

Mayank Gupta ◽

Suresh Kumar Sharma

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii ◽

Latent Group ◽

Biochemical Indices ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Abstract The haemato-biochemical indices and oxidative stress markers in horses naturally infected with Trypanosoma evansi were evaluated by analyzing the level of these parameters between T. evansi infected (microscopically positive patent group and PCR positive latent group) and infection free horses. To compare the hemato-biochemical indices and oxidative stress indicators, horses were divided into three categories based on diagnostic test employed and positive results obtained. These included Romanowsky stained slide positive group (Group I; n = 6), PCR positive group (group II; n = 28) and negative control group (group III, n = 30), revealing parasitologically positive patent, molecular positive latent and disease free status of horses. A significant reductions in total erythrocytes count (TEC, P = 0.01), haemoglobin (Hb, P = 0.01) and packed cell volume (PCV, P = 0.04) was noticed both in group I and group II while significant neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia was observed in group I when compared to negative control group. Substantial increase in creatinine (CRTN, P = 0.032) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT, P = 0.012) in group I while significant decrease in glucose (GLU, P = 0.04) and iron (Fe, P = 0.01) were noticed in both group I and group II in comparison to group III. A significant difference in lipid peroxides (LPO, P = 0.01) with highest level in patent group I (15.33 ± 0.53) followed by PCR positive latent group (14.09 ± 1.66) indicates higher lipid peroxidation in erythrocytes and oxidative stress in decreasing order when compared with infection free control horses (9.83 ± 0.97). Catalase (CAT, P = 0.01) was significantly lower in parasitological (0.82 ± 0.14) and molecular positive cases (1.27 ± 0.35) in comparison to control group (3.43 ± 0.96). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD, P = 0.01), reduced glutathione (GSH, P = 0.01) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP, P = 0.01) were significantly lower in parasito-molecular positive cases as compared to infection free control horses. An inverse correlation of RBC count with LPO and GSH and a direct correlation with catalase, SOD and FRAP was revealed. Overall, the observed substantial decreases in the oxidative parameters like catalase CAT, SOD, GSH and FRAP activities with remarkably elevated levels of LPO indicate high exposure of erythrocytes to oxidative damage in T.evansi infected horses.

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