scholarly journals The prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors of coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight among children under five years in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rocky Khan Chowdhury ◽  
Md Shafiur Rahman ◽  
Baki Billah ◽  
Russell Kabir ◽  
Nirmala K. P. Perera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Childhood Malnutrition ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Background Childhood malnutrition in all its forms is a significant public health challenge for developing countries like Bangladesh. There is a gap in knowledge of the coexistence of various forms of malnutrition among children under five years (under-5) in Bangladesh. This study aims (i) describe prevalence and risk factors for the coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight among children under-5 in Bangladesh. Methods This study included 6,610 and 7,357 under-5 children from Bangladesh Demographic Health Surveys (BDHS) 2014 and 2017/18 respectively. Associations between coexistence stunting, wasting and underweight and socio-demographic factors were assessed by the Chi-square test and negative binomial regression. Results The prevalence of coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight gradually declined from 5.2% in 2014 to 2.7% in 2017/18. Children of uneducated mothers ((Adjused incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 5.0, 95% CI 2.3, 11.0)); with low birth weights (aIRR 2.7, 95% CI 1.4, 5.1); children of age group 36–47 months (aIRR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5, 4.1); and children of underweight mothers (aIRR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4, 2.7) were the most important risk factors. However, maternal educational status was not associated with coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight among children under-5 in 2014 whereas in 2017/18 it was the most influential risk factor. Moreover, watching television less than once a week increased the risk of coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight by 54% (aIRR 1.54, 95% CI 1.0, 2.4). Conclusions one out of thirty-five under-5 children were identified to have coexistence of stunting, wasting and underweight in Bangladesh. The burden of malnutrition was disproportionate among uneducated mother, underweight mother, low birth weight and socio-economically poorest household. Our study indicates that there is a need for multi-level interventions from household level to societal level to reduce consequences of childhood malnutrition.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years in Southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Harriet U. Ugboko ◽  
Obinna C. Nwinyi ◽  
Solomon U. Oranusi ◽  
Fasina F. Fagbeminiyi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Right

Diarrhoea is the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day or more frequent passage than is normal for an individual. Diarrhoea alters the microbiome, thus the immune system, and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. This study evaluated the association between the risk factors and diarrhoea prevalence among children under five years in Lagos and Ogun States, located in Southwest Nigeria. Participants included 280 women aged 15–49 years and children aged 0–59 months. The study used quantitative data, which were assessed by a structured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software Version 25.0 and Microsoft Excel 2013. The relationships and/or association between variables were evaluated using Pearson's Chi Square and logistic regression tests. One hundred and eighteen (42%) of the children were male, and 162 (58%) were female. The majority of the children belonged to the age group 0–11 months (166). Age ( p = 0.113 ) and gender ( p = 0.366 ) showed no significant association with diarrhoea among the children. The majority of the mothers belonged to the age group 30–34. Multivariate analysis showed that the mother's level of education (95% CI for OR = 11.45; P = 0.0001 ) and family income (95% CI for OR = 7.61, P = 0.0001 ) were the most significant risk factors for diarrhoea among children. Mother’s educational status, mother's employment, and family income were the factors significantly associated with diarrhoea in Southwest Nigeria. The study recommends that female education should be encouraged by the right government policy to enhance the achievement of the sustainable development goal three (SDG 3) for the possible reduction of neonates and infants' deaths in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Correlation between Nutritional Status and Pneumonia among 6-59 Months Years Old in Tangerang, Banten

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zico Permadi ◽  
◽  
Maria Ekawati ◽  
Citra Ayu Aprilia ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Weight For Age ◽  
Children Under 5

ABSTRACT Background: Pneumonia is still causing the most deaths among children in developing countries. This disesase often occurs in children under 5 years of age. Nutritional status is a factor that is closely related to infectious diseases such as pneumonia. This study aimed to examine the correlation between nutritional status and pneumonia among 6-59 months years old in Tangerang, Banten. Subject and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Pakuhaji Community Health Center, Tangerang, Banten, from January to February 2018. A total of 29 children under five were enrolled in this study. The dependent variable was pneumonia. The independent variable was nutritional status. The data were collected from direct measurement of the children under five and questtioner. The data were analyzed by Chi-square. Results: As many as 16 children under five (55.17%) had pneumonia, 7 children under five (24.13%) were malnutrition, 3 children under five (10.34%) were short, and 5 children under five (7.24%) were thin. Nutritional status based on weight for age and weight for height had differences in nutritional status with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five, and they were statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Nutritional status is associate with the incidence of pneumonia among 6-59 months years old (children under five) in Tangerang, Banten. Keywords: pneumonia incidence rate, pneumonia, nutritional status, chidren under five Correspondence: Citra Ayu Aprilia. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628122090545. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.13

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Intestinal Parasitic Infestations among Children Under Five Years in Selected Communities in the Ho Municipality, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Kpene ◽  
S.Y. Lokpo ◽  
J.G. Deku ◽  
E. Agboli ◽  
P.K. Owiafe
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Children Under 5

BACKGROUND፡ The study investigated intestinal parasitic infestations (IPIs) and possible risk factors associated with asymptomatic children under five (5) years in five (5) selected communities in the Ho Municipality.METHODS: The study design was cross- sectional, with a simple random sampling technique involving 150 asymptomatic children under 5 years from 5 selected communities (Klave, Hoe, Freetown, Dave and Godokpe) in the Ho Municipality. A questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographics and other relevant parameters. Direct wet preparation, formol-ether concentration and Modified ZN staining techniques were used for the identification of intestinal parasites from participants’ stool samples. The Fisher’s exact test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the difference in IPIs proportions and assess the risk factors associated with IPIs respectively.RESULTS: The overall IPIs cases was 14% (21/150). Cryptosporidium spp was most predominant [5.3% (8/150)], followed by Entamoeba spp [3.3% (5/150)], Cyclospora cayetenensis [2.7% (4/150)], Ascaris lumbricoides [1.3% (2/150)], Giardia lamblia [0.7% (1/150)] and Strongyloides stercoralis [0.7% (1/150)]. Children in rural communities (23.4%) recorded significantly higher case rate compared to those in urban communities (9.8%0), (p=0.04). Lower educational attainment of mother [OR=0.55, 95% CI (0.37 – 0.83), p-value = 0.015] andresidence in rural communities [OR = 0.53, 95% CI (0.33 –0.88)], p-value = 0.025] were significantly associated with IPIs.CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic IPIs are quite prevalent among children under 5 years in the Ho Municipality. The study thus recommends active sensitization programs for parents/guardians on preventive measures and school health programs should be instituted in rural communities.

scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA ANAK BALITA DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Milantika Kristanti ◽  
Nayla Kamilia Fithri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Child Morbidity

<em>Stunting is stunted growth in children due to malnutrition. It can affect children's cognitive and physical development, increase the risk of infection, and significantly contribute to child morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for stunting in children under five (13-59 months). The study used a case-control design to compare previous exposure to stunting and normal children under five. Measurements and interviews were conducted with 120 children under five and their mothers. The SPSS (24.0) was used for the Chi-square and Odds Ratio (alpha = 5%) test. The study found the risk factors for stunting under five, poor income (OR = 4.75; 95% CI 2.18-10.33), not getting exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 5.29; 95% CI 2.39-11.68) ), there is no access to clean water (OR = 3.00; 95% CI 1.42–6.32), and healthy latrines (OR = 3.73; 95% CI 1.75-7.94). Increasing the nutritional status of pre-pregnant and pregnant women and access to clean water and healthy latrines to prevent infection is an urgent need to be implemented immediately.</em><p> </p>

scholarly journals Faktor risiko gizi buruk pada balita di Kabupaten Donggala Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Eka Prasetia Hati Baculu ◽  
M Juffrie ◽  
Siti Helmyati
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Background: Severe malnutrition is a state of severe malnourished condition caused by low consumption of energy and protein in a long time. Severe malnutrition interferes the children growth and development, moreover malnourished children are vulnerable to get infectious diseases, even the death.</p><p>Objectives: To analyze the risk factors of severe malnutrition among children under five in Donggala, Central of Sulawesi Province.</p><p>Methods: This study used case-control (observational study). The study was conducted in District Dampelas Donggala on July to September 2014. The population was all children underfive selected by total sampling method. The samples were 64 children aged 0-59 months which separated into 2 groups,<br />case and control group.The independent variables were the level of energy intake of protein, parenting, and infectious diseases, while the dependent variable was the incidence of severe malnutrition among children under five. Data were obtained by direct interview using questionnaire and recall 24 hours to determine the level of energy and protein intake. The data collected were analyzed using univariate analysis (descriptive), bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression).</p><p>Results: The result of this study based on the bivariate analysis presented that the level of energy intake (OR=9.86, 95% CI:3.49-27.89), infectious disease (OR=2.83, 95% CI:1.10-7.31), and as low birth weight external variables (OR=5.76, 95% CI:1.43-23.20) signifi cantly associated with the incidence of severe malnutrition. There were no significant association between the level of protein intake (OR=1.18, 95% CI:0.47-2.92) and parenting (OR=1.21, 95% CI:0.50-2.92) with the incidence of severe malnutrition. In the other hand, based on multivariate analysis by controlling the variable of low birth weight history, this study’s result presented that the level of energy intake had the strongest association with the risk of incidence of severe malnutrition compared to the other variables.</p><p>Conclusions: The level of energy intake and infectious disease were the risk factors for the incidence of severe malnutrition among children under five, while the level of protein intake and parenting were not.</p><p>KEYWORDS: children underfive, energy, infectious disease, parenting, protein, severe malnutrition</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Latar belakang: Gizi buruk adalah keadaan kurang gizi tingkat berat yang disebabkan oleh rendahnya konsumsi energi dan protein dalam waktu cukup lama. Kekurangan gizi selain mengganggu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, dapat pula mengakibatkan balita rentan terhadap penyakit infeksi bahkan dapat<br />menyebabkan kematian.</p><p>Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk pada balita di Kabupaten Donggala, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah.</p><p>Metode: Jenis penelitian ini observasional dengan rancangan case-control. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Dampelas, Kabupaten Donggala pada bulan Juli sampai September 2014. Populasi adalah semua balita dan sampel ditentukan dengan metode total sampling. Balita usia 0–59 bulan yang berjumlah 64 dimasukkan pada masing-masing kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Variabel bebas yaitu tingkat asupan energi protein, pola asuh, dan penyakit infeksi sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah kejadian gizi buruk pada balita. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner dan recall 24 jam untuk mengetahui tingkat asupan energi dan protein. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat (deskriptif), bivariat (chi-square), dan multivariat (regresi logistik berganda).</p><p>Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asupan energi (OR=9,86, 95% CI:3,49-27,89), penyakit infeksi (OR=2,83, 95% CI:1,10-7,31), dan variabel luar BBLR (OR=5,76, 95% CI:1,43-23,20) berhubungan signifikan dengan gizi buruk. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat asupan protein (OR=1,18, 95%CI:0,47-2,92) dan pola asuh (OR=1,21, 95%CI:0,50-2,92) dengan gizi buruk. Hasil analisis multivariat dengan mengendalikan riwayat BBLR menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asupan energi memiliki hubungan kuat dengan risiko kejadian gizi buruk dibandingkan variabel lainnya.</p><p>Kesimpulan: Tingkat asupan energi dan penyakit infeksi merupakan faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk pada<br />balita, sedangkan tingkat asupan protein dan pola asuh bukan merupakan faktor risiko.</p><p>KATA KUNCI: balita, energi, penyakit infeksi, pola asuh, protein, gizi buruk, gizi</p>

scholarly journals Exploring Pneumonia Risk Factors in Slum and Non-Slum Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Kartika Dwi Rohimawati ◽  
Yustini Ardillah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Slum Areas

Background: Pneumonia remains a health concern that is the most significant contributor to the mortality of children under five years old in the world. The environment and immunization history, exclusive breastfeeding, and nutritional status become risk factors for children's pneumonia. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for pneumonia in infants in the slum and non-slum areas of Palembang City. Methods: This study used a case-control study design. This population study was all children under five years old who lived in the slum and non-slum Areas of Palembang City. The sample in this study was 84 samples with a ratio of 1:1. Analysis data used univariate and bivariate with chi-square. Results: This study found that in slums showed 5 independent variables related to the incidence of pneumonia in children under five years old, those variables were immunization status (OR=5.2; CI 95%= 1.367-19.774), exclusive breastfeeding (OR= 5.667; CI 95%= 1.411-22.761), humidity (OR= 7.125; CI 95%= 1.309-38.771), ventilation area (OR= 5.2; CI 95%= 1.367-19.774) and occupancy density (OR= 6,9; CI 95%= 1,702-28,026). Whereas in the slums areas, there was a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding (OR= 8; CI 95%= 1.790-35.774), nutritional status(OR= 5.67; CI 95%= 1.411-22.761), humidity (OR= 6.9; CI 95%= 1.702-28.026), and exposure to cigarette smoke (OR= 5.4; CI 95%= 1.226-24.261) with the case of pneumonia in children under five years old. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding and humidity are risk factors for pneumonia in children under five years old in the slum and non-slum areas of Palembang City.

scholarly journals Prevalence of pneumonia and risk factors of pneumonia mortality among children under five years.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Adjei Osei ◽  
Kofi Akohene Mensah ◽  
Daniel Ansong ◽  
Peter Agyei-Baffour ◽  
Sandra Kwarteng Owusu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Children Under 5

BackgroundPneumonia remains the foremost cause of death in children under 5 years of age especially in sub-Saharan Africa killing nearly 1 million annually.Aim Identify pneumonia prevalence, mortality rate and associated factors among children under five admitted to Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH) in Ghana.MethodsUsing a prospective cross-sectional study method, a consecutive sample of 157 children under 5 admitted to the KATH for pneumonia from June to August 2016 was selected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from their caregivers and secondary data from the patient record using a structured data extraction form. Continuous and categorical variables were described and chi-square test employed to determine the associated factors of pneumonia mortality. Multivariate logistics regression model was used to test for the strength of the association to unearth the risk factors of pneumonia mortality.Results The study found a prevalence of pneumonia of 18.40% with a mortality rate of 12.74%. Pneumonia mortality was found to be associated with maternal education (p<0.001), occupation (p=0.01), income (p=0.02), pneumonia severity (p<0.001) and number of rooms occupied by a household (p=0.01). In multivariate regression, severe pneumonia increased the odds of pneumonia mortality (OR=18.23, 95% CI= 4.37-76.10, p<0.001). However, maternal education showed reduced likelihood of pneumonia mortality (OR=0.59, 95% CI= 0.36-0.97, p=0.039). ConclusionPneumonia places a high burden on the health of children under five years admitted to KATH. Health workers need to sensitize caregivers on the signs and symptoms of pneumonia to aid early detection and reporting which could reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Diare Shigellosis pada Anak Balita

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
A. Zulkifli Abdullah ◽  
A. Arsunan Arsin ◽  
Lidyawati Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Chi Square Test

Diare shigellosis pada balita merupakan masalah serius sebab dapat menyebabkan kematian. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko kejadian shigellosis pada anak balita dilakukan studi kasus kontrol di beberapa rumah sakit di Kota Makassar dengan 68 kasus dan 136 kontrol. Datamengenai jenis kelamin dan status gizi anak balita, pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif, status ekonomi, pendidikan ibu, kebiasaan ibu mencuci tangan memakai sabun, kepadatan hunian rumah, sarana air bersih, danjamban keluarga dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan observasi serta dikategorikan dan disaring (screening) dengan uji chi square. Enam variabel dengan nilai p < 0,25 dimasukkan dalam uji regresi logistik yang menghasilkan3 variabel dengan nilai p < 0,05 (gizi rendah, ASI tidak eksklusif, dan status ekonomi rendah). Uji regresi logistik tahap kedua dengan 3 variabel ini menghasilkan model shigellosis = 1,47 gizi rendah + 1,471 ASI tidak eksklusif + 1,022 status ekonomi rendah – 2,546” dengan nilai oddsratio (OR) = 4,352 (gizi rendah), 4,353 (ASI tidak eksklusif), dan 2,779 (status ekonomi rendah). Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa gizi balita yang rendah, pemberian ASI yang tidak eksklusif, dan status ekonomi ibu yang rendah merupakan faktor-faktor risiko penting kejadian diare shigellosis padabalita.Kata kunci: Balita, diare, shigellosis, status giziAbstractShigellosis diarrhea is a serious issue to children under five years old since it may lead to death. To determine the risk factors influence to children under five shigellosis, a case control study conducted in hospitals in Makassar involving 68 cases and 136 controls. Data on sex, nutrition status of children under five, exclusive breastfeeding, economic status, education, hand washing with soap, house density, clean water facility, and toilet were collected by interview and observation. All collected data were categorized and screened using chi-square test to obtain variables for logistic regression. Sixvariables with p value < 0,25 were putted to logistic regression resulted 3 variables with p value < 0,05 (low nutrition status, p value = 0,00; nonexclusive breastfeeding, p value = 0,00; low economic status of mother, p value = 0,00). These variables gave final model of “shigellosis = 1,47 low nutrition status + 1,471 nonexclusive breastfeeding + 1,022 low economic status – 2,546” with odds ratio (OR) = 4,352 (low nutrition status), 4,353 (nonexclusive breastfeeding), and 2,779 (low economic status of mother). This study concludes that low nutrition status, nonexclusive breastfeeding, and low economic status of mother are important risk factors of shigellosis in children under five.Key words: Children under five, diarrhea, logistic regression, shigellosis, nutrition status

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TERJADINYA STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 24-59 BULAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Lisa Tanzil ◽  
Hafriani Hafriani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Under Five

ABSTRACT FACTORS AFFECTING STUNTING IN CHILDREN AGE 24-59 MONTHS  Background: Stunting is a description of chronic malnutrition in the period of growth and development since early life. Many factors can cause stunting in children under five, such as the characteristics of toddlers and socioeconomic characteristics. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is the fifth largest in the world. Basic health research data (Riskesdas) in 2013 showed the prevalence of stunting in the national scope of 37.2 percent, consisting of a stunting prevalence of 18.0 percent and very short prevalence of 19.2 percent. Stunting is considered a serious public health problem when the prevalence of stunting is in the 30-39 percent range. Purpose: This study aims to determine the factors that cause stunting in toddlers aged 24-59 monthsMethods: This study was an analytic observational study with a case control conducted in the working area of the Simpang Ulim Public Health Center, East Aceh. Samples were taken as many as 20 toddlers as a case group and 20 toddlers as a control group with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used the chi square test and used cross tabulation to analyze the closeness of the relationship between two variables by looking at the Odds Ratio (OR) value.Results: The study showed that energy adequacy (OR = 9,333; CI = 2,180-39,962), protein adequacy (OR = 7000; CI = 1,739-28,174), maternal knowledge (OR = 7000; CI = 1.739-28174), maternal education (OR = 22,667; CI = 4,374-117,468), family income (OR = 13,222; CI = 2,790-62,670) was a risk factor for stunting, while other factors in this study were low birth weight (LBW) (OR = 1,588; CI (0.236-10.704), history of breastfeeding (OR = 0.474; CI (0.39-5.688) and maternal occupation (OR = 1.238; CI = 0.343-4.64) were not risk factors for stunting.Conclusion: Lack of energy and protein intake, less knowledge of mothers, low education of mothers and low family income are risk factors for stunting in children aged 24-59 months.Suggestion It is hoped that the Puskesmas and other related sectors can increase maternal knowledge about the nutritional needs of toddlers through nutritional counseling activities which include education on nutritional adequacy rates for children under five according to age, how to properly process food, and provide financial assistance for underprivileged families. It is hoped that mothers of toddlers can actively participate in posyandu activities so that they are more often exposed to nutritional fulfillment information for toddlers. Keywords: Stunting, Risk Factor, Toddler, Simpang Ulim ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Stunting merupakan penggambaran dari status gizi kurang yang bersifat kronik pada masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sejak awal kehidupan. Banyak factor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya stunting pada balita seperti karakteristik balita maupun social ekonomi. Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia menempati peringkat kelima terbesar di dunia. Data Riset kesehatan  dasar  (Riskesdas)  tahun  2013 menunjukkan prevalensi stunting dalam lingkup nasional sebesar 37,2 persen, terdiri dari prevalensi pendek sebesar 18,0 persen dan sangat pendek sebesar 19,2 persen. Stunting dianggap sebagai masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang berat bila prevalensi stunting berada pada rentang 30-39 persen.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui factor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan kasus kontrol yang dilakukan di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Simpang Ulim, Aceh Timur. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 20 balita sebagai kelompok kasus dan 20 balita sebagai kelompok kontrol dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square serta menggunakan tabulasi silang untuk menganalisis keeratan hubungan antara dua variabel dengan melihat nilai Odds Ratio (OR).Hasil: Pada penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecukupan energy (OR=9.333; CI=2.180-39.962), kecukupan protein (OR=7000; CI=1.739-28.174), pengetahuan ibu (OR=7000; CI=1.739-28174), pendidikan ibu (OR=22.667; CI=4.374-117.468), pendapatan keluarga (OR=13.222; CI=2.790-62.670) merupakan factor resiko terjadinya stunting, sedangkan factor lainnya dalam penelitian ini yaitu berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) (OR=1.588; CI (0.236-10.704), Riwayat ASI (OR=0.474; CI (0.39-5.688) dan pekerjaan ibu (OR=1.238; CI=0.343-4.64) bukan merupakan factor resiko terjadinya stunting.Kesimpulan: Asupan energi dan protein yang kurang, pengetahuan ibu yang kurang, pendidikan ibu yang rendah serta pendapatan keluarga yang rendah merupakan fakor resiko terjadinya stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan.Saran Bagi pihak Puskesmas dan lintas sektoral yang terkait diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang kebutuhan nutrisi pada balita melalui kegiatan penyuluhan gizi yang meliputi edukasi mengenai angka kecukupan gizi pada balita sesuai umur, cara mengolah makanan yang benar, serta memberikan bantuan finansial bagi keluarga yang tidak mampu. Bagi ibu balita diharapkan dapat aktif mengikuti kegiatan posyandu supaya lebih  sering terpapar dengan informasi pemenuhan nutrisi pada balita. Kata kunci : Stunting, Factor Resiko, Balita, Simpang Ulim  

scholarly journals Status Gizi dan Pemberian Kapsul Vitamin A sebagai Faktor Risiko Pneumonia Balita Usia 18-59 Bulan

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Wiji Novarianti ◽  
Muhammad Syukri ◽  
M. Dody Izhar ◽  
M Ridwan ◽  
Faisal Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: Pneumonia accounts for 16 % of the causes of death in children under five including in Indonesia. This study aims to determine nutritional status, provide vitamin A capsules, and complete immunization as risk factors for pneumonia in toddlers aged 18-59 months. Methods: This study used a case-control design with 47 cases and 47 control children. The case was a toddler with pneumonia aged 18-59 months who was registered at Puskesmas Paal V Jambi City. Controls were toddlers who did not experience pneumonia with age (range ≤3 months), gender, and came from the same sub-district as the case toddler. Sampling was done by purposive technique by selecting the latest patient medical record data. Data collection was carried out by interview method in October-November 2020. Data analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate using the Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed nutritional status (p=0.023 OR=3.93 95% CI 1.29-11.96), Vitamin A capsules administration (p=0.026 OR=3.12 95% CI 1.23-7.91) is a risk factor for pneumonia in children under-five. Complete immunization is nor a risk factor for pneumonia in children under five. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study was nutritional status and vitamin A administration as risk factors for pneumonia in children aged 18-59 months.

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