Recycling and Extraction of Zinc Ions in Disc-Donut Column Considering Forward Mixing Mass Transfer, Chemical Reaction and Effects of Pulsed and non-Pulsed Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Asadollahzadeh ◽  
Rezvan Torkaman ◽  
Meisam Torab-Mostaedi ◽  
Mojtaba Saremi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Zinc Extraction ◽  
Balance Equations ◽  
Transfer Rates

Abstract The current study focuses on the recovery of zinc ions by solvent extraction in the pulsed contactor. The Zn(II) ions from chloride solution were extracted into the organic phase containing D2EHPA extractant. The resulting data were characterized for the relative amount of (a) pulsed and no-pulsed condition; and (b) flow rate of both phases. Based on the mass balance equations for the column performance description, numerical computations of mass transfer in a disc-donut column were conducted and validated the experimental data for zinc extraction. Four different models, such as plug flow, backflow, axial dispersion, and forward mixing were evaluated in this study. The results showed that the intensification of the process with the pulsed condition increased and achieved higher mass transfer rates. The forward mixing model findings based on the curve fitting approach validated well with the experimental data. The results showed that an increase in pulsation intensity, as well as the phase flow rates, have a positive impact on the performance of the extractor, whereas the enhancement of flow rate led to the reduction of the described model parameters for adverse phase.

scholarly journals Model-Based Design and Optimization of Blood Oxygenators

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge He ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Jiafeng Zhang ◽  
Bartley P. Griffith ◽  
Zhongjun J. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fiber Bundle ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Model Predictions

Abstract Blood oxygenators, also known as artificial lungs, are widely used in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery to maintain physiologic oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in blood, and also serve as respiratory assist devices to support patients with lung failure. The time- and cost-consuming method of trial and error is initially used to optimize the oxygenator design, and this method is followed by the introduction of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) that is employed to reduce the number of prototypes that must be built as the design is optimized. The CFD modeling method, while having progress in recent years, still requires complex three-dimensional (3D) modeling and experimental data to identify the model parameters and validate the model. In this study, we sought to develop an easily implemented mathematical models to predict and optimize the performance (oxygen partial pressure/saturation, oxygen/carbon dioxide transfer rates, and pressure loss) of hollow fiber membrane-based oxygenators and this model can be then used in conjunction with CFD to reduce the number of 3D CFD iteration for further oxygenator design and optimization. The model parameters are first identified by fitting the model predictions to the experimental data obtained from a mock flow loop experimental test on a mini fiber bundle. The models are then validated through comparing the theoretical results with the experimental data of seven full-size oxygenators. The comparative analysis show that the model predictions and experimental results are in good agreement. Based on the verified models, the design curves showing the effects of parameters on the performance of oxygenators and the guidelines detailing the optimization process are established to determine the optimal design parameters (fiber bundle dimensions and its porosity) under specific system design requirements (blood pressure drop, oxygen pressure/saturation, oxygen/carbon dioxide transfer rates, and priming volume). The results show that the model-based optimization method is promising to derive the optimal parameters in an efficient way and to serve as an intermediate modeling approach prior to complex CFD modeling.

Tertiary Butyl Mercaptan Adsorption in Soils. Determination of Kinetic and Transport Parameters from Experimental Data

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Eberhardt ◽  
Eduardo Lopez ◽  
Verónica Bucalá ◽  
Daniel E Damiani
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Tertiary Butyl ◽  
High Organic Carbon Content

The present paper addresses the importance of the adsorptive properties of argentinean soils in the odor fade odor problem that is faced in the presence of odorized natural gas leakages. Samples of soils were subjected to stimulus-response experiments in which the soils were exposed to a step change in odorant concentration. A typical S shaped breakhrough curve was obtained at the soil bed exit. The adsorption characteristics of each soil is associated to its composition. The results confirm that clay based soils adsorb the gas odorant (tert butyl mercaptan) more strongly than sand based soils or soils with high organic carbon content. The adsorption process was modeled. The model takes into account the following mass-transfer processes: plug flow of TBM along the solid bed, external resistances to the mass transfer, diffusion within the particle and adsorption/desorption of TBM between the gas phase of the intraparticle pore space and the particle surface. The model reproduces quite well the experimental data. The results suggest that the odorant adsorption process is controlled by the mass transfer steps.

scholarly journals A Mathematical Modeling of the Reverse Osmosis Concentration Process of a Glucose Solution

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghan Chen ◽  
Han Qin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Hydraulic Permeability ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Concentration Process ◽  
Ro Membrane

A mathematical modeling of glucose–water separation through a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane was developed to research the membrane’s performance during the mass transfer process. The model was developed by coupling the concentration–polarization (CP) model, which uses one-dimensional flow assumption, with the irreversible thermodynamic Spiegler–Kedem model. A nonlinear parameter estimation technique was used to determine the model parameters Lp (hydraulic permeability constant), σ (reflection coefficient), and Bs (solute transport coefficient). Experimental data were obtained from the treatment of a pre-treated glucose solution using a laboratory-scale RO system, and studies on the validation of the model using experimental results are presented. The calculated results are consistent with the experimental data. The proposed model describes the RO membrane concentration process and deduces the expression of k (mass transfer coefficient in the CP layer). The verification shows that the expression of k well-describes the reverse osmosis mass transfer of a glucose solution.

Mass transfer accompanied by chemical reaction in a liquid dispersion

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1685-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ptáček ◽  
Vladimír Rod ◽  
Vladislav Hančil
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Method Transfer ◽  
Liquid Dispersion

An experimental procedure has been worked out to measure mass transfer rates in the presence of a chemical reaction in a liquid dispersion in a batch mixed vessel by a dynamic method. Transfer rates have been observed of iodine between decalin and water phase containing potassium iodide. The transfer was described by the pseudohomogeneous model. Transport parameters of this model have been evaluated from the response of the system to a step concentration change in the continuous phase. The model of the experiment described distortion of the information in the sampling device for the continuous phase. Dependences have been measured of the iodine transfer coefficients in both phases on the intensity of mixing and volume hold-up of the dispersed liquid. By a suitable choice of the concentration in the continuous phase the ratio could be adjusted of the resistance against the transfer in both phases and the sensitivity could be affected of the objective function to the evaluated model parameters.

Experimental Model to Characterize the Evaporative Cooling of Horizontal Roofs

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Gil Samaniego Ramos ◽  
He´ctor Enrique Campbell Rami´rez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Models Validation

Heat and mass transfer models were developed experimentally to characterize the evaporative cooling of horizontal roofs, heated by thermal radiation. Surface temperatures of flat plates were evaluated at dry conditions and when humidified with water atomizers. For both conditions, heat transfer rates were calculated, and for the wet case also the mass transfer rates were predicted. Experimental data for models validation were measured at environmental and controlled conditions. Accuracies achieved were 2% for surface temperature and 13% for water evaporation rate.

scholarly journals Mass transfer between a fluid and an immersed object in liquid-solid packed and fluidized beds

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1373-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevenka Boskovic-Vragolovic ◽  
Danica Brzic ◽  
Zeljko Grbavcic
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Fluidized Beds ◽  
Liquid Velocity ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Transfer Data ◽  
Dissolution Method

The mass transfer coefficient between fluid and an immersed sphere in liquid packed and fluidized beds of inert spherical particles have been studied experimentally using a column 40 mm in diameter. The mass transfer data were obtained by studying the transfer of benzoic acid from the immersed sphere to flowing water using the dissolution method. In all runs, the mass transfer rates were determined in the presence of inert glass particles 0.50-2.98 mm in diameter. The influence of different parameters, such as: liquid velocity, particles size and bed void age, on the mass transfer in packed and fluidized beds is presented. The obtained experimental data for mass transfer in the packed and particulate fluidized bed were correlated by a single correlation, thus confirming the similarity between the two systems.

Evaluating Liquid-Cooled Heat Sink Resistance Data for Electronic Applications

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall D. Manteufel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Overall Resistance

A number of experimental studies have been published for single-phase liquid cooling for electronic heat sources. These include flow though various sized channels and configurations. Results are expressed using a thermal resistance as a function of liquid volumetric (or mass) flow rate. This paper discusses the regression of experimental data. Two simple thermal resistance models are evaluated, each having a combination of conduction and convection components. The models are applicable to a wide set of data. A preferred model is identified having three parameters: (1) overall resistance at a nominal flow, (2) percentage of resistance due to conduction at the nominal flow, and (3) convective exponent for the liquid flow rate. The preferred model has lower correlation between its parameters and reproduces the trends in experimental data. The model is used to quantify the relative contribution of the convective and conductive sources of thermal resistance. It is also useful in design to evaluate the effectiveness of increasing the liquid flow rate which can be accomplished with increased pressure drop and pumping costs. The best-fit estimates and their approximate 95% confidence intervals are calculated using experimental data. A few experimental results yield discrepant values for the model parameters. In some cases the rate of reduction of the thermal resistance with increasing flow rate appears beyond what can be reasonably expected. Sources of discrepant results are discussed. The results of the paper are helpful in evaluating experimental data and guiding the design of liquid-cooled heat sinks.

Radial distribution modeling of liquid-phase phenol concentration in a liquid–solid fluidized bed photoreactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshi Dong ◽  
Dandan Zhou ◽  
Xiaotao Bi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Carbon Particles ◽  
Spherical Activated Carbon

A fluidized bed photoreactor with titanium dioxide-immobilized spherical activated carbon particles was examined. The light intensity profile was modeled using the Lambert–Beer rule for the modeling of the radial distribution of liquid-phase phenol concentration in the fluidized bed photoreactor, when considering the reactor composed of numerous differential annular drums and no mass transfer between drums. The model could be well matched with the experimental data which indicated the liquid flow rate of 13.8 L/min was the optimum in the balance of flow rate-related light penetration and photocatalyst concentration. By integration of liquid-phase phenol concentration along the radius, photocatalytic oxidation performance of the photoreactor was evaluated in comparison with the experimental data and model prediction. The results showed that the errors were less than 30% for most of the predictions. It is suggested that mass transfer and flow rate difference along the radial direction should be considered to obtain more precise prediction.

Modeling Drying Kinetics of Mustard in Fluidized Bed

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekar Srinivasakannan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Effective Diffusivity ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Solids Holdup ◽  
Maximum Root ◽  
Kinetics Of

Mustard (Brassica juncea), one of the popular oil seeds, is investigated for drying in Batch fluidized beds. Experiments were conducted to assess the kinetics of drying for the variation in the inlet air temperature, the inlet air flow rate and the solids holdup in the fluidized bed. The drying rate was found to increase significantly with increase in temperature and with flow rate of the heating medium, while decrease with increase in solids holdup. The duration of constant rate period was found to be insignificant, considering the total duration of drying. The drying rate was compared with various exponential time decay models and the model parameters were evaluated. The page model was found to match the experimental data very closely with the maximum root mean square error (RMSE) of less the 2.0%. The experimental data were also modeled using Fick's diffusion equation and the effective diffusivity coefficients was found to be within 1.69*10-11 to 3.26*10-11m2/s for the range of experimental data covered in the present study with RMSE less than 4%.

Utilization of Waste of Enzymes Biomass as Biosorbent for the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solution in Batch and Fluidized Bed Column

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Salman H. Abbas ◽  
Younis M. Younis ◽  
Mohammed K. Hussain ◽  
Firas Hashim Kamar ◽  
Gheorghe Nechifor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Solution Flow Rate ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Flow

The biosorption performance of both batch and liquid-solid fluidized bed operations of dead fungal biomass type (Agaricusbisporus ) for removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution was investigated. In batch system, the adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of dead fungal biomass were evaluated. In fluidized bed system, the experiments were conducted to study the effects of important parameters such as particle size (701-1400�m), initial dye concentration(10-100 mg/L), bed depth (5-15 cm) and solution flow rate (5-20 ml/min) on breakthrough curves. In batch method, the experimental data was modeled using several models (Langmuir,Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkviechmodels) to study equilibrium isotherms, the experimental data followed Langmuir model and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was (28.90, 24.15, 21.23 mg/g) at mean particle size (0.786, 0.935, 1.280 mm) respectively. In Fluidized-bed method, the results show that the total ion uptake and the overall capacity will be decreased with increasing flow rate and increased with increasing initial concentrations, bed depth and decreasing particle size.

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