scholarly journals The basis of state image formation in international communication, as exemplified by the Republic of Belarus

Politologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37-67
Author(s):  
Elena Zhminko
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
International Communication ◽  
Information Policy ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Global Exchange ◽  
Absolute Control

In the modern world, the formation of a state’s image, which is one of its main resources, largely depends on the state’s participation in international communication processes. Whether the formation of the image will be successful is largely determined by three factors: the clarity and intelligibility of its identification, both for its citizens and the international community; the compliance of the legal framework in the field of information relations with international standards; and the structuring of the information policy according to the principles of two-way communication, including openness and free access to information. The political authorities of the Republic of Belarus, relying on the concept of ideologization, treat the global exchange of information as a threat to the legitimacy of its power and try to cultivate absolute control over the communication and information processes, paradoxically making it impossible to implement the tasks set by themselves in this area.

scholarly journals Status prawny sekt destrukcyjnych oraz nowych ruchów religijnych działających na obszarze Polski

2017 ◽  
pp. 135-149
Author(s):  
Celina M. Masek
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
New Members ◽  
Religious Associations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Religious Sects

Since the beginning of the 90’s there have been strong emotions associated with the emergence of many groups called cults in Poland. These groups are accused of illicit and unethical methods to recruit new members and their psychological dependence, resulting in blind obedience to leaders. Sects, carrying out their activities in the form of various types of religious formations, religious associations, churches and other religious organizations, brought to life after 1989 in Poland, operate on the basis of three acts, which include: 1. The Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997 ; 2. The Act on Guarantees of freedom of conscience and religion of 17 May 1989; 3. Act of April 7, 1989 r.- Law on Associations. Given the range of opinions and concerns regarding the issue of regulation of sects in Poland this question , posed in particular by the lawyer, of the legal status of the activities of religious sects , and in a broader aspect of their place in the modern world, seems to be reasonable, what is confirmed by the media , but mostly by the facts of the activities of these groups in society. As for the international standards, nowadays there are more and more information about the negative effects of the activity of sects throughout the world, what raised interest of social institutions and the authorities of individual countries in this subject. It encouraged the authorities to create an overall analysis to assess the degree of harmfulness of newly established movements, both in a national and international level. Especially in the late eighties of the twentieth century all kinds of reports and other documents devoted to the problem of sects and new religious movements began to appear. The theme was taken also by the representatives of Communities: Council of Europe, the European Union, as well as organs of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. These acts are only recommendations. They are mainly opinion- forming acts and have no legal force. However, in countries, they are crucial, because they are issued by important authorities To sum up, the activity of sects arouses interest in Europe. Although each country has different guidelines and varied range of impact, collaboration is indispensable nowadays.

scholarly journals Constitutional Aspect of the Application of EU Standards on the Use of Electronic Signature in the Republic of Srpska // Ustavnopravni aspekt primjene EU standarda o upotrebi elektronskog potpisa u Republici Srpskoj

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Siniša Macan ◽  
Siniša Karan ◽  
Goran Džajić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Electronic Signature ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

The Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina defines the right for free economy, which is the basis of economic development through the promotion of private ownership and the development of market economy. Every citizen have freedom of movement within and outside of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the freedom to choose a place of life, free choice of work and creating a business through positive competition between business entities.Bosnia and Herzegovina has assumed the obligations of integrating international legislation into its legal system. In order to implement the constitutional right for freedom of movement of people and capital, Bosnia and Herzegovina is obliged to apply international standards and regulations in the field of identification documents. At the same time, Bosnia and Herzegovina is integrated in the regional market with neighboring countries, the continental market in Europe and the intercontinental global marketplace. Such integration requires the creation of conditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the development of a business environment that is at least the same or better in relation to other markets.A constitutional obligation of all levels of government of Bosnia and Herzegovina is to remove all barriers that slow down or disrupt business, in order to enable that goods and services that are created by economic entities in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be competitive. In the era of Internet and digital business development, products and services can and must be available in every corner of the planet, and each state must create constitutional legal requirements that guarantee the rapid and free movement of goods and equity under equal conditions. This constitutional obligation guarantees that citizens without discrimination have at least equal conditions for business as well as individuals in other countries and in other markets with which goods and services are exchanged.In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there is a legal and legitimate framework for the use of a digital signature. However, in practice, this way of legally valid business did not become a reality. In the business environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republic of Srpska is not possible to sign contracts electronically, to report taxes and contributions legally certified by digital signatures or digitally archive business documents or to open a business electronically.The question arises as to the objective reasons for this situation, as well as the constitutional and legal framework and practice in order to bring the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Srpska into equal status with citizens in the open capital market.

EKOLOŠKA ULOGA OPOREZIVANjA MOTORNIH VOZILA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Stojanović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
The Republic

The main objective of fiscal instruments in the service of environmental protection should be directed towards guiding the economic entities to rationally use scarce natural resources, as well as to utilise non-polluting substitutes in the direction of a healthier environment and energy efficiency. It is not difficult to note that the current legal framework in the Republic of Serbia respects basic international standards in the field of motor vehicle taxation. In terms of excise taxation, progress is also noticeable since the necessary differentiation of the tax rates for different excises on petroleum products has been implemented, from the point of view of their impact on the environment. However, observed through the prism of modern theoretical concepts of the socalled green taxation, many opportunities still appear to be inadequately and insufficienty used.

scholarly journals Recognition and Enforcement of International Arbitral Awards in Albania. Current hallenges to the Albanian Domestic Law

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Artan Spahiu
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Recognition And Enforcement ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New York Convention ◽  
Commercial Disputes

The Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (the New York Convention) is described as the most successful treaty in private international law. For more than half a century this document has contributed to the protection of incomparable values of free trade. In this way it served well also to the interests of human society, providing a valuable contribution to the world economic development. Legal instruments of recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in the Republic of Albania do not justify the rightful place of arbitration mechanism in resolving international commercial disputes. The domestic normative framework that governs the enforcement of such awards is not fully sufficient. Albania has ratified the New York Convention more than 40 years after its entry into force, but that's not enough. In fact, the enforcement of arbitral awards which resolve international commercial disputes is facing with the lack of a modern legal framework and an unconsolidated jurisprudence. Since last 15 years, the New York Convention is part of Albanian legal order, but its implementation is not appropriate. Mostly this is due to the lack of approaching process of the Albanian legislation to the international standards in this field. Adoption and implementation of legal instruments in accordance with the international legal framework, for the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, will be a good service to the integration process of the Albanian economy.

scholarly journals Reforms in the Field of Statistics of the Republic of Uzbekistan: Results and Development Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
B. A. Begalov ◽  
O. T. Mamadaliev
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
State Committee ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development

This article reveals the main directions of reforms carried out in the modern period in the field of statistics of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In particular, the authors noted that at present in the statistical industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan a whole range of measures has already been carried out, which made it possible to achieve certain results in the republican and international ratings.The article shows that a solid regulatory and legal framework has been created for the effective development of the statistical sphere of the Republic of Uzbekistan.The authors’ studies show that reforms in the field of statistics of the Republic of Uzbekistan are carried out in such areas as improving the organizational and legal infrastructure, developing the statistical infrastructure, establishing optimal interaction between providers and users of statistical data, effectively developing the information and communication infrastructure, improving sectoral and regional statistics, improving the quality of training and comprehensive development of personnel, improving the country’s indicators in the Index of the statistical capacity of the World Bank countries.The article tells that thanks to the openness and transparency of statistical data, users have free access to relevant statistical information, and these results are highly appreciated not only by domestic, but also by foreign users and, most importantly, by the international statistical community.The authors note that recently a lot of work has been done to bring a number of indicators of macroeconomic and social statistics, methods of statistical assessment of the shadow economy, statistics of tourism, employment, environmental accounting, transport, public finance and other sectors in line with the requirements of international standards, a thorough preparation for censuses (population, agriculture, business), etc.Purpose. The purpose of this article is to highlight the ongoing reforms in the field of statistics of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as to determine the prospects for further development in the context of the formation of a digital economy for the effective functioning of the statistical sphere in the unified socio-economic system of the country.Materials and methods. In the process of writing this article, factual materials of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics, comparative, systemic analysis, methods of monographic research, as well as modern methods of working with computer networks and WEB-sites, specialized software products were used.Results. This article presents the directions for improving the statistical sphere of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the modern period, developed the main approaches for the further development of the statistical sphere of the national economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in order to form an advanced statistical system of the country that fully meets the requirements of international standards.Conclusion. This work shows that the transformation of the statistical sphere of the Republic of Uzbekistan is currently taking place on the basis of advanced world experience, regulatory documents and the formation of a digital economy in order to form an effectively functioning statistical sphere in a single complex space of industries and spheres of the national economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

scholarly journals Informational security in the context of challenges end threats of national security

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Oleh Panchenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
National Security ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Information Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
State Information

The article analyzes the current problems of information security as a part of the national security of the state. The author identifies the reasons for the unsatisfactory situation in the field of information security. Particular attention is paid to the legal framework for information security and prospects for improving legislation, the problems of regulating relations in this area. Successful development and the very existence of Ukraine as a sovereign state is impossible without ensuring its national security. The society’s and the state’s information security is determined by the degree of their protection and, consequently, the stability of the main areas of life concerning dangerous, destabilizing, destructive, infringing the interests of the country information actions at both implementation, and retrieval. The state information policy, as activity of system of public authorities and administration in the information-psychological area occupies the central place in the system of regulation of both social and political relations in the modern information society. The transparency of the state information policy is the basis for ensuring the country’s socio-psychological stability and successful economic development. The practice of information and psychological influence is more and more developing in the modern world. The terms «informational» and «psychological» wars are widely used by politicians and political scientists, and are increasingly appearing in the context of the country’s information security issues. The purpose of this article is to determine the role of information security in the national security of the state and to study the legislative regulation in the information area of Ukraine. A radical change in the state’s approach to solving this problem should become one of the priorities in ensuring national security.

scholarly journals Legislation on educational work with prisoners in Russia and Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-98
Author(s):  
Aleksey Siryakov ◽  
El’dar Abishev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Dining Room

In the desire to reform the penal system, separate countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States have made significant progress, substantially updating their legal framework. These also include the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study of the normative consolidation and organization of educational work with convicts under the Kazakhstan and Russian legislation and a questionnaire of practitioners revealed the advantages and disadvantages of regulatory support and law enforcement practice. This made it possible to outline further ways to improve the legal regulation of educational work with convicts in the direction of convergence with international standards. The penal legislation of the two countries largely coincides, but in Kazakhstan the issues of educational work find their legal consolidation not only at the level of the Penal code, but also in special acts. The advantages of Kazakhstan’s legislation include: a clear definition of the tasks, directions, forms and methods of educational work; improvement of the mechanism of incentives and penalties application; determining the degree of behavior of convicts; involvement of the Probation Service in the provision of social and legal assistance to convicts preparing for the release; the presence of convicts among the subjects of educational work of voluntary organizations. Otherwise, the organization and conduct of educational work with convicts coincide. The basis of the organizational structure of the correctional institution is the unit, the heads of which are overloaded with the tasks not directly related to the implementation of the correctional process. Taking into account the experience of the Republic of Kazakhstan, it is proposed to amend the Penal code of the Russian Federation, in terms of the formulation of the concept of educational work through its tasks; clarification of norms relating to the directions, forms and methods of educational work. In the Provision about the units of prisoners in correctional institution, it is necessary to change the amount of duties for the head of the unit: establishing a ban (limitation) on the involvement of chiefs to implement unusual functions for them; the transfer to the category of rights the obligation to participate in inspections of the presence of persons held in a correctional institution, taking them to work (from work), their presence during searches, mealtime in the dining room, getting of parcels, transfer, sale of food and basic necessities, telephone conversations.

scholarly journals Distinct Matters between the Phenomenon of Smuggling of Migrants and Trafficking in Human Beings as Types of Organized Crime in Kosovo

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Armend Podvorica
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Groups

Generally speaking, the organized crime is a very complex phenomenon and quite heterogenic that adapts to the various requirements of economy and political and social institutions of the countries where it emerges and operates. Subject to the criteria that are taken as basis for its classification, the criminal phenomena emerge and operate in various types of organized crime. Hence, the Republic of Kosovo has introduced punishments against the organized criminal groups and major types of crime that emerge and expand in the shape of organized crime, including smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings. The criminal phenomena in the form of organized crime in the modern world which appears to be very concerning and quite threatening for the whole society, is trafficking in human beings and smuggling of migrants. Therefore, it is very important to study and identify all matters which bring together and separate these two criminal phenomena, which have emerged and continue to be present in various places and countries throughout continents and that have caused fundamental political, social, economic, cultural changes, etc. The key matters to be treated are as follows: Legal Framework of Republic of Kosovo which treats and punishes the organized crime, smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings, including the distinct points between these two criminal offences.

scholarly journals Distinct Matters between the Phenomenon of Smuggling of Migrants and Trafficking in Human Beings as Types of Organized Crime in Kosovo

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Armend Podvorica
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Trafficking In Human Beings ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Groups

Generally speaking, the organized crime is a very complex phenomenon and quite heterogenic that adapts to the various requirements of economy and political and social institutions of the countries where it emerges and operates. Subject to the criteria that are taken as basis for its classification, the criminal phenomena emerge and operate in various types of organized crime. Hence, the Republic of Kosovo has introduced punishments against the organized criminal groups and major types of crime that emerge and expand in the shape of organized crime, including smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings. The criminal phenomena in the form of organized crime in the modern world which appears to be very concerning and quite threatening for the whole society, is trafficking in human beings and smuggling of migrants. Therefore, it is very important to study and identify all matters which bring together and separate these two criminal phenomena, which have emerged and continue to be present in various places and countries throughout continents and that have caused fundamental political, social, economic, cultural changes, etc. The key matters to be treated are as follows: Legal Framework of Republic of Kosovo which treats and punishes the organized crime, smuggling of migrants and trafficking in human beings, including the distinct points between these two criminal offences.

scholarly journals Belarusian-Norwegian cooperation on the issue of UN reform: current state and prospects

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
D. V. Luzan ◽  
S. F. Svilas
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Current State ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
The Republic

The article examines one of the most pressing problems of modern world politics, which is the reform of the United Nations that is studied in the context of regional cooperation of the member states and its possible intensification in this area. Based on the analysis of diplomatic documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, a detailed description of the current state and prospects of cooperation between Norway and Belarus in the direction of reforming the UN is given. Recently, there has been noticed a significant intensification of interaction between the two countries in various spheres of public life both at the European and global levels (consultations between the ministries of foreign affairs and the dialogue of their leaders, the growth of trade turnover, the exchange of technologies, the development of tourism).That stimulates the activities of diplomatic missions of Norway and Belarus to the UN, aimed at adapting and updating the work of the Organization in the light of new trends and processes in international life. The key directions of the UN institutional reform, according to which it is possible to implement the Belarusian-Norwegian cooperation in the studied area, include the Security Council, the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council, the Human Rights Council, the institute of peacekeeping. Twenty initiatives supported by Minsk and Oslo were considered, which could become the basis for cooperation in this direction. It is emphasized that the reform of the Security Council is most likely to become a starting point for fruitful interaction. At the same time, it will be possible to speak about the significance of steps to deepen it only if at least ten mutually complementary initiatives are implemented. The conditions for realizing the potential of cooperation have been determined as well; they include the creation of a developed legal framework for bilateral relations, their transfer to the level of embassies, the accession of the Republic of Belarus to the ACT Group of which Norway is a member.

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