scholarly journals Genotype by year interaction effects on soybean morpho-productive traits and biogas production

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055-1073
Author(s):  
Vera Popovic ◽  
Savo Vuckovic ◽  
Zoran Jovovic ◽  
Nikola Rakascan ◽  
Marko Kostic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The World

Biodiesel and biogas are especially important sources of renewable energy in the world and in Serbia. Biodiesel is used as transportation fuel; biogas is used for production of electricity and heat. Soybean (Glycine max L.) grain is the primary source of vegetable protein for food and feed supplements, also accounts for much of the world?s bio-oil supply. Due to the development of new technologies for processing agricultural waste into energy, the rate of increase in the use of alternative fuels is significantly increasing. The aim of this study was to determine the productivity of soybeans and the possibility of obtaining biogas from soybeans in divergent years, 2017-2019. Main effects were monitored, genotypes (G), years (Y) and genotype by years interaction effects (G x Y) and were used for evaluation of soybean genotypes in different environments. Soybean varieties were tested for mass of 1000 grain (MTG), plant height (PH), grain yields (GY) and biogas yield (BY). Stability of grain and biogas yield was determined to select best genotype. Results showed that genotype and years had a significant impact on all measured variables. In all tested years, the biggest GY and BY were at genotypes G1 (2.40-4.49 t ha-1, and 461.00-641.00 m3 ha-1, respectively) and G3 (1.97-4.30 t ha-1; i.e. 447.67-620.00 m3 ha-1). Genotype G2 had statistically significantly lower values for all tested parameters compared to other tested genotypes. Correlation analysis of some chosen traits showed different interdependence between measured variables depending on the year conditions. The results of this study pointed out that among best genotypes for production of grain and biogas were G1 and G3. From the results of this study it can be concluded that G x Y trials are important for evaluation of stability and choosing the most stable genotypes of soybean.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF FORMING OF ENERGY AUTONOMY IN RURAL AREAS: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVES

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Inna HONCHARUK
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Energy Autonomy

The publication addresses climate change issues caused by fossil fuel emissions. It is established that the rate of increase of the air temperature in Ukraine is ahead of the world tendencies, as a result of which in Ukraine the widespread of droughts, an increase in land areas prone to desertification is probable. The effect of increasing the share of alternative fuels in total energy production on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the world has been investigated. The volume of electricity consumption by household and non-household consumers and the price increase for them are analyzed; population of Ukraine and employment status of rural population. It is proposed to solve the problems of reducing the burden of payment for energy resources and creating new jobs in rural areas through the creation of energy cooperatives. The concept of "energy cooperative" is defined and economic models of energy cooperatives that can be applied by Ukrainian territorial communities and economic structures to ensure energy autonomy are proposed. The article analyzes the experience of setting up and operating energy cooperatives in the EU Member States, the USA and other countries of the world on the following grounds: field of activity; the form of ownership; sources of financing; social effect and others. Examples of successful operation and emergence of energy cooperatives in Ukrainian communities are provided, which provide energy autonomy for individual agricultural enterprises and community residents through the production of fuel from agricultural and forestry waste; launching a solar or wind power plant that sells electricity to the grid at a “green” rate; biogas production from biomass; production and use of solar water heaters and the like. The author's vision of the main directions of development of economic decarbonisation is formulated.

scholarly journals Compositional Assessment of Selected Plant-based Substrates for Biogas Production

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ugwu Tochukwu Nicholas ◽  
Nwachukwu Augusta Anuli ◽  
Ogbulie Toochukwu Ekwutosi ◽  
Anyalogbu Ernest Anayochukwu
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Corn Cobs

Enormous quantities of plant biomass are generated annually, as agricultural wastes. Lignocellulose is the main structural constituent of plants and represents the primary source of renewable organic matter on earth. This study was carried out to evaluate the lignocellulose composition, proximate and selected physicochemical characteristics of some selected plant-based substrates for biogas production. The substrates were: Corn cobs, Rice straw and Water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes). They were collected, cut, dried for 72 hours at 320C, milled and subjected to hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose compositional analyses, using the standard Sox let extraction method. Standard methods were employed for proximate and physicochemical analyses. Results of the compositional evaluation showed that corn cob has the highest percentages of cellulose (42.0%), while extractives content was least (2.18%) in Rice straw. For the proximate analysis, the percentage carbohydrates (24.22) and ash (24.40) were highest in rice straw, while fat content  had the least values of 0.65%  recorded in corn cobs. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed that Rice straw had the highest values of TS (94.55%) and phosphorus (928.57mg/kg), Corn cob had the highest TVS (85.53%) and organic carbon (50.46%) while Water hyacinth recorded the highest Nitrogen content (2.33%). They are good substrates for energy generation, and lignocellulosic biomass holds a huge potential to meet the current energy demand of the modern world. The knowledge of the lignocellulosic composition of the biomass would help in choosing appropriate pretreatment measures to achieve better hydrolysis which would translate to higher biogas yield.

scholarly journals Effect of corn straw pretreatment on efficiency of biogas production process: Computer simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Anja Antanasković ◽  
Maja Bulatović ◽  
Marica Rakin ◽  
Zorica Lopičić ◽  
Tatjana Šoštarić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Process Computer ◽  
The Impact

Anaerobic digestion is a natural process of organic material degradation by different kinds of microorganisms in the absence of oxygen. This process is used for industrial purpose to manage waste streams or to produce biogas. It gives a major contribution in reduction of harmful effects of organic waste disposal to the environment. The aim of agricultural waste pretreatment in biogas production is to decrease the retention time, improve utilization of raw material and improve the overall productivity and energy efficiency of the production process. In this paper the effects of combined chemical and mechanical pretreatment of corn straw biomass on biogas yield during anaerobic digestion of the feedstock were analyzed. The impact of pretreatment and process parameters in biogas production was analyzed by process simulation using the software SuperPro Designer. Using this tool, it was shown that alkaline pretreatment leads to an decrease of degradation time along with an increase in biogas yield.

scholarly journals 2,5-Dimethylfuran for Internal Combustion Engines: Potential and Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danh Chan Nguyen ◽  
Van Huong Dong
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
The World ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
To Come ◽  
New Generation

Transportation is facing two major challenges: renewable energy supplies and clean transport. On the other hand, the pressure from environmental pollution has led regulators around the world to come up with laws that have forced the auto and petrochemical industries to develop new technologies that reduce emissions and improve the quality of life. fuel economy. 2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF), which is considered to be a new generation of promising alternative fuels, has the potential to reduce global fossil fuel shortage and air pollution problems. This article introduces the technical specifications and emissions of 2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF), DMF production and application potential, developing DMF as alternative fuel sources in the World and in Vietnam.

Alkaline electro-hydrolysis pretreatment of rice straw for enhanced biogas production under ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal P. Naik ◽  
Anil K. Poonia ◽  
Parmesh K. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
The World ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Abstract Biogas production can supplement the renewable energy target of the world. For this abundantly available agricultural waste like wheat and rice straw can be used. Biogas generation using this waste will curb the stubble burning incidences, reduce greenhouse gases, enhance farmer’s income, and strengthen the energy security of many countries. The recalcitrant nature of rice straw is a barrier to its hydrolysis, which is a prerequisite of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Alkaline, electro-hydrolysis, and a combination of both pretreatment (alkaline electrohydrolysis) methods are undertaken in the present study. Batch reactors at ambient temperature were used for AD of rice straw at different inoculums to substrate ratios (ISR) of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 to observe the effect on biogas/methane yield. Among these, a higher amount of biogas was obtained for ISR of 0.5 in all sets of experiments. The combined pretreatment method yielded biogas of 315.9 mL/gVS (equivalent to methane of 167.4 mL/gVS). For pretreat-ed rice straw by electro-hydrolysis, alkaline, and combined (alkaline and electro-hydrolysis) respectively, the methane yields were 7.03, 18.13, and 49.82% higher than untreated rice straw. The biogas had approximately 53% of methane content. The use of rice straw for biogas production may prove a viable alternative for clean and sustainable energy. In the studies, a first-order kinetic model is found to fit better the experimental results.

scholarly journals Assessment of the biogas potential from agricultural waste in northern Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Jiraporn Kaewdiew ◽  
Rameshprabu Ramaraj ◽  
Sirichai Koonaphapdeelert ◽  
Natthawud Dussadee
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Methane Potential

In 2014-2015, there was approximately 26,823.44 x106 kg of the residue leftover from agricultural products in Northern Thailand and roughly 18,943.57x106 kg or 70.62% were left unutilized. The aim of this research was to survey and calculate the proportion of agricultural area and products as well as their corresponding waste towards potential of biogas production using biochemical methane potential (BMP) method. The results showed that rice straw was the most promising feedstock for methane production with the highest biogas yield of 363 mlN /gVSadded followed by sugarcane leaves and corn cob having 333 and 318 mlN/gVSadded, respectively. Additionally, the predicted areas for growing rice and corn decreased. Meanwhile areas for growing cassava, sugarcane and oil palm increase slightly. This study also found out that the unused agricultural waste generation was decreased due to improved waste utilization.

Auto Markets in the World and Strategy of Japan’s Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Matsuoka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Auto Industry ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Made In

In the world auto market, top three companies are VW(Volkswagen), Runault-Nissan-Mistubishi, and Toyota. About some selected countries and areas, China, England, Italy, Australia, Germany, Turkey, Russia, Sweden, USA, Brazil, UAE, Japan, Vietnam and Thailand are more competitive. However, the situation is different. Seeing monopolistic market countries and areas, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Korea, Malaysia, France, India, and Pakistan, in particular, the influence of Japan to Taiwan, India, and Pakistan is very big. But in Korea and France, their own companies’ brands occupy the market. In Japan domestic market, the overall situation is competitive. Almost all vehicles made in Japan are Japanese brand. From now on, we have to note the development of electric vehicle (EV) and other new technologies such as automatic driving and connected car. That is because they will give a great impact on the auto industry and market of Japan. Now Japan’s auto industry is going to be consolidated into three groups, Honda, Toyota group, and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi group for seeking the scale merit of economy. Therefore, I will pay attention to the worldwide development of EV and other new technologies and the reorganization of auto companies groups.

Editorial

2017 ◽  
pp. 2-3
Author(s):  
Peter Hoar
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Editorial Team ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Design History ◽  
Recorded Sound ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
New Zealanders

Kia ora and welcome to the second issue of BackStory. The members of the Backstory Editorial Team were gratified by the encouraging response to the first issue of the journal. We hope that our currentreaders enjoy our new issue and that it will bring others to share our interest in and enjoyment of the surprisingly varied backstories of New Zealand’s art, media, and design history. This issue takes in a wide variety of topics. Imogen Van Pierce explores the controversy around the Hundertwasser Art Centre and Wairau Māori Art Gallery to be developed in Whangarei. This project has generated debate about the role of the arts and civic architecture at both the local and national levels. This is about how much New Zealanders are prepared to invest in the arts. The value of the artist in New Zealand is also examined by Mark Stocker in his article about the sculptor Margaret Butler and the local reception of her work during the late 1930s. The cultural cringe has a long genealogy. New Zealand has been photographed since the 1840s. Alan Cocker analyses the many roles that photography played in the development of local tourism during the nineteenth century. These images challenged notions of the ‘real’ and the ‘artificial’ and how new technologies mediated the world of lived experience. Recorded sound was another such technology that changed how humans experienced the world. The rise of recorded sound from the 1890s affected lives in many ways and Lewis Tennant’s contribution captures a significant tipping point in this medium’s history in New Zealand as the transition from analogue to digital sound transformed social, commercial and acoustic worlds. The New Zealand Woman’s Weekly celebrates its 85th anniversary this year but when it was launched in 1932 it seemed tohave very little chance of success. Its rival, the Mirror, had dominated the local market since its launch in 1922. Gavin Ellis investigates the Depression-era context of the Woman’s Weekly and how its founders identified a gap in the market that the Mirror was failing to fill. The work of the photographer Marti Friedlander (1908-2016) is familiar to most New Zealanders. Friedlander’s 50 year career and huge range of subjects defy easy summary. She captured New Zealanders, their lives, and their surroundings across all social and cultural borders. In the journal’s profile commentary Linda Yang celebrates Freidlander’s remarkable life and work. Linda also discusses some recent images by Friedlander and connects these with themes present in the photographer’s work from the 1960s and 1970s. The Backstory editors hope that our readers enjoy this stimulating and varied collection of work that illuminate some not so well known aspects of New Zealand’s art, media, and design history. There are many such stories yet to be told and we look forward to bringing them to you.

BREAST CANCER SCREENING: CURRENT ACHIEVEMENTS, FUTURE PERSPECTIVES AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-671
Author(s):  
Ilya Pyatnitskiy ◽  
O. Puchkova ◽  
Viktor Gombolevskiy ◽  
Lyudmila Nizovtsova ◽  
Natalya Vetsheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cochrane Library

The article presents a literature review of the PubMed database and the Cochrane library, aimed at analyzing the current situation and problems in the field of breast cancer screening in the world and Russia to form an idea of the key elements in organizing an effective screening program in the Russian healthcare system, as well as the possibilities of using new technologies when organizing such programs.

The Oxford Handbook of Management in Emerging Markets

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Business Systems ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Fundamental Building Block ◽  
The World

Emerging Markets are the primary source of growth for business in the 21st century. This makes an understanding of managing businesses in emerging markets a fundamental building block for competing in today's global economy. This book's approach is to identify key elements of the business systems and competition in emerging markets around the world, and then to look at competitive strategies of local and multinational companies going into and coming out of these countries. Specific focus is offered on a selection of countries/regions. These emphases should serve both researchers and managers interested in knowing more about managing firms in emerging markets in general and in specific countries in particular. The essays highlight the tension between local and global knowledge, that is, views of business that apply everywhere around the world versus views that are particular to emerging markets. The essays also explore the role of local and international firms operating in emerging markets within global value chains or production networks.

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