An Online Participatory Observation: The Online Depression Community's Discussion on Depression Treatment

This article uses the online participatory observation method to analyze more than 2,000 posts of the "Sunshine Project Psychological Mutual Assistance Forum" in Mainland China. The research observed the discussion of depression in the online patient community in anonymous forums, including the popularization of medical knowledge about diseases, self-disclosure of patient diagnosis and treatment experience, patient interaction, and patient discussions on controversial issues and rumors of the disease. The results of the study show that the online community of depression patients is both a "web of information" and a "web of mutual help." The patient's health information acquisition mode has changed from vertical reception to horizontal interconnection, which not only enhances patients' scientific understanding of the disease but also allows them to increase their sense of psychological security in their interpersonal interactions. In this new type of risk communication mode, how to establish a new fact-checking mechanism and establish ordinary people's trust in scientific and medical knowledge is a new challenge.

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FUNGSI ADJEKTIVA KOMPARATIF DALAM BAHASA MADURA DIALEK KANGEAN DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI MASYARAKAT KANGEAN: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK [The Function of Comparative Adjectives in Kangean Dialect of Madurese Language and its Impact]

TOTOBUANG ◽

10.26499/ttbng.v9i2.299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 257-271

Author(s):

Mutaallim Hafidz ◽

Fahmi Reza Alfani ◽

La Mahidin ◽

Yuana Dwi Agustin ◽

Damon Wicaksi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Note Taking ◽

Field Note ◽

Distributional Method ◽

Written Form ◽

Observation Method ◽

The Impact ◽

Comparative Adjectives ◽

Participatory Observation

Comparative adjectives of Kangean Dialect of Madurese Language (KDML) are the basic adjectives that has A+D+(-an) stucture or lebbi. This study explored the function of comparative adjectives in KDML and its impact for the Kangean community. The theories used to explore and determine the comparative adjective function are descriptive and pragmatic theories. The research is a qualitative research. The method used in this research is the participatory observation method. The data were obtained from interviews with the dialect speakers by voice recording and field note-taking. Besides, researchers used the introspectiveve method (reflective-introspection method). The data that has been collected were transcribed into written form of orthographic transcription, then translated and classified according to its function. The method applied for analyzing the data are equivalent and distributional method. Meanwhile, the methods used for displaying the results of data analysis are informal and formal steps. The results showed that in KDML, there are several functions of comparative adjectives, namely to motivate, praise, admonish, command, insinuate, advise, criticize and accuse. Meanwhile, the impact of adjective utterances, people become more optimistic, comfortable, easy to appreciate, entertained, strong, cautious, deterred, and humble. Adjektiva komparatif bahasa Madura dialek Kangean (BMDK) merupakan adjektiva dasar yang memiliki struktur A+D+(-an) atau lebbi. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi fungsi adjektiva komparatif dalam BMDK dan dampaknya bagi komunitas Kangean. Teori yang digunakan untuk menggali dan menentukan fungsi adjektiva komparatif adalah teori deskriptif dan pragmatik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi partisipatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan penutur dialek Kangean melalui rekaman dan catatan lapangan. Selain itu, peneliti menggunakan metode introspektif (metode reflektif-introspekturis). Data yang sudah terkumpul ditranskrip ke dalam bentuk tulisan dengan transkripsi ortografis, kemudian diterjemahkan dan diklasifikasikan sesuai fungsinya. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data adalah metode ekuivalen dan metode agih dan metode yang digunakan untuk menampilkan hasil analisis data adalah langkah-langkah formal dan nonformal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam BMDK terdapat beberapa fungsi adjektiva komparatif yakni untuk memotivasi, memuji, menegur, memerintah, menyindir, menasihati, mencela dan menuduh. Sedangkan dampaknya adalah masyarakat lebih optimis, peka, mudah menghargai, terhibur, kuat, berhati-hati, jera, dan rendah diri.

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Maintaining and Improving the Environmental Cleanliness in Semarang Municipality in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201912504003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 125 ◽

pp. 04003

Author(s):

Oktiva Herry Chandra

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Point Of View ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Form And Function ◽

Similar Point ◽

The Face ◽

Observation Method ◽

And Function ◽

Participatory Observation

Language produced in a specific event of communication will have its form and function. Some messages are delivered in direct ways meaning the form and the functions are symmetric; some others are delivered in indirect ways, asymmetric. Direct or indirect ways will give different perceptions to those who receive the content of the message. Considering the face of receivers is one of the principles that should be made by policy makers as they communicate with people in public space. This article aims to explain the forms of language used to prohibit littering and the way the maker of prohibition thinks about the writing of littering. The research is conducted by using non-participatory observation method. This, then, is followed by applying note taking technique and recording. The result shows mostly the writings of littering prohibition are made an indirect way and less number in indirect way. Having a direct way means society is placed as subordinate in relation to the authorities. Even though less in number, indirect littering prohibition shows some writings see an equal position between the writer and reader. Both take a similar point of view on littering.

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NEOLOGISMS IN CHILDREN’S SPEECH

Zbornik radova 18 ◽

10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2019.17.401 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 401-414

Author(s):

Amina Pehlić

Keyword(s):

Word Formation ◽

The Third ◽

Grammar Rules ◽

Observation Method ◽

Speech And Language Development ◽

Children's Speech ◽

Descriptive Method ◽

Participatory Observation ◽

Over Time

Abstract The paper presents a case study – speech "errors", neologisms were recorded during the longitudinal monitoring of a child's speech, i.e. regular speech and language development from the third to the sixth year of life. The previously published work using the material collected during the same longitudinal monitoring analyzed "errors" in the morphological forms of verbs, adjectives, and pronouns, while this paper explores the forms of nouns and word formation. A participatory observation method and a comparative descriptive method were used to gather data. The neologisms from this research confirm what has been emphasized in previous research: searching for appropriate grammatical forms and words a child makes "errors" that in fact verify that children derive the native language grammar rules from the language patterns, i.e. speech they are exposed to. A child will learn standard language forms over time, so "errors" should not be always corrected and drawn attention to as "irregular" forms, but a parent (educator) should offer correct forms to the child not criticizing him/her, and when it comes to innovative semantemes (lexical and grammatical units), they should be used as an incentive for creativity in language, for thinking about language and its creative possibilities.

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Writing the pregnant man

Transformative Works and Cultures ◽

10.3983/twc.2015.0651 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Mary Ingram-Waters

Keyword(s):

Online Community ◽

Medical Knowledge ◽

Reproductive Technologies ◽

Harry Potter ◽

Reproductive Technology ◽

Gender And Sexuality ◽

Male Pregnancy

This article explores how an online community of female fans of Harry Potter creates and maintains scientific and medical knowledge of a novel reproductive technology, male pregnancy. In an effort to illuminate the mechanisms of fandom, I show how fandom participants collectively work to ensure the maintenance of standards for fan products and in doing so also selectively reinforce particular tropes about how male pregnancy is portrayed. Fans' validation of some male pregnancy variations over others results in a fascinating yet recognizable set of fictional reproductive technologies that both queer and accommodate normative gender and sexuality roles.

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AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS, INC. PROCEEDINGS AND REPORTS

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.17.2.287 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 287-296

Author(s):

Herbert A. Wenner

Keyword(s):

American Academy ◽

Medical Knowledge ◽

Paralytic Poliomyelitis ◽

Controversial Issues ◽

Infection Rates ◽

Live Virus ◽

Active Virus ◽

Technical Errors ◽

American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽

Immunization Procedure

There can be but one position in the controversial issues on immunization against paralytic poliomyelitis. That position is best attained by the continuous, systematic search for truth. The unfortunate presence of active virus in some lots of formalin-in-activated vaccine should not be the key issue in urging its abandonment. Immunologic principles on which the vaccine is based must receive major considerations. If there are faults in the methods of inactivation as applied to the production of vaccine, these must be done away with. If they cannot be done away with, then the formalin-treated vaccine cannot be used as a routine immunization procedure. But one should not distort technical errors into immunologic nightmares. It is presumptuous to state that resistance is acquired because of liminal amounts of live virus remaining after inactivation. There is no basis to be found for this in infection rates among vaccinated children. The approach should be open and based on pooled observations, experiments, and reasoning. Counter criticisms are necessary, especially from people who have tried to free their judgment of any but objective criteria. The growth of medical knowledge is not dependent on a few great discoveries. It depends equally as Müller states "on that slow accretion of multitudinous small steps that furnish the basis for and the necessary extension of those discoveries and also on the correction of even more numerous missteps continuously being made."

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Cooperative Patterns in the Egyptian Colloquial Arabic

Jurnal Humaniora ◽

10.22146/jh.v28i2.16396 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Siti Aminah ◽

Amir Ma'ruf

Keyword(s):

Speech Community ◽

Note Taking ◽

Negotiation Processes ◽

Colloquial Arabic ◽

Observation Method ◽

Speech Events ◽

Participatory Observation ◽

Cooperative Principles

This article described the cooperative patterns formed in the Egyptian speech community using Egyptian Colloquial Arabic (ECA). The data were taken by using participatory observation method through the recording and note-taking techniques. By employing Grice’s theory of cooperative principles and maxims, this study suggested that speech events in Egyptian society had a variety of cooperative patterns. The varied patterns could be seen in the negotiation processes to reach an agreement. Therefore, the negotiations required a lot of energy and time.

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Politeness in the Use of Language in Social Media

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202131702027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 317 ◽

pp. 02027

Author(s):

Oktiva Herry Chandra

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Spoken Language ◽

Specific Pattern ◽

Communication Patterns ◽

Pattern Language ◽

Language Usage ◽

Relative Status ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

Observation Method ◽

Participatory Observation

The use of social media in communication changes the way people express the idea represented through their language. This study aims to seek for the form of communication patterns in social media and to reveal causes of specific pattern language usage found in media, especially in office domain. The study was conducted using descriptive qualitative by describing the results of observations, interviews, and documentation. The data were collected by non-participatory observation method and note taking technique. Based on the results of the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that the communication patterns are realized in the form of: (1) various forms of language which do not meet the standard language, (2) the use of other non-verbal representations, such as emoticon, and (3) ecrononciation, that is, writing the spoken language. The choice of utterances is affected by relative status, social distance and range of imposition. As communicating to others, most utterances represent the obedience to politeness maxim, namely be friendly (sumanak), be considerate (tepa slira), suitable topic to event (empan papan), and pleasant voice true and good temper (nuju prana).

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Kepala Madrasah sebagai Supervisor Akademik untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru MTs N Donomulyo Kulonprogo

MANAGERIA Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam ◽

10.14421/manageria.2016.12-06 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 275-296

Author(s):

Jamroh Latief ◽

Nur Afifah Masruroh

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Collection ◽

Junior High School ◽

Training And Development ◽

Group 3 ◽

Observation Method ◽

And Training ◽

Participatory Observation

This research explores the role of Madrasa’s headmaster as an academic supervisor to improve teacher’s performance in State Islamic Junior High School (MTs) of Donomulyo, Kulon progo, Yogyakarta. This is a qualitative research using non participatory observation method, interview and documentations as its data collection. The result shows that: (1). MTs Donomulyo employs assistance as the academic supervision concept, (2). the academic supervision programs applied to improve teachers performances are training and development for individual teachers or in group, (3). Madrasa’s headmaster’s role in the improvement of teachers’ performances involves guiding them in the form of giving motivation, encouragement, as well as giving examples. Beside that, he is also sometimes suggest for a solution, help, building commitment and training.

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Effects of Chinese strategies for controlling the diffusion and deterioration of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in China

10.1101/2020.03.10.20032755 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiaoqiang Wang ◽

Weitian Tian ◽

Xin Lv ◽

Yumiao Shi ◽

Xiaoxin Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Model Fitting ◽

Mainland China ◽

Maximum Speed ◽

Growth Speed ◽

Chinese Government ◽

New Type ◽

Health And Economic Development ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Almost All ◽

Short Time

AbstractBackgroundIn December 2019, an outbreak of new type of coronavirus named COVID-19 occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. In a very short time, this virus spread rapidly over China, greatly threatening public health and economic development. The Chinese government acted quickly and implemented a series of strategies to prevent diffusion of this disease. We therefore sought to evaluate the effects of these Chinese strategies for controlling the spread of COVID-19.MethodsFrom the data of cumulative confirmed cases from provincial Health Commission websites of China, we performed model fitting and calculated the growth speed of cumulative confirmed patients. We further analyzed the time when this growth speed, the rate of the number of new cases, reached its maximum (Speedmax). Comparing different times to Speedmax of different areas in China, we calculated the dates at which the growth speed began to decline in different areas. Also, The number of plateaus were analyzed.ResultsThe quartic model showed the best fit. For almost all areas in mainland China, the speed of infections reached Speedmax and began to decline within 14 days; exceptions were Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hainan, Guizhou, and Hubei. The number of plateaus was significantly correlated with the emigration index. However, the distance from other areas to Hubei and the number of plateaus had little influence on when a province or area arrived at Speedmax. Once strict intervention strategies were implemented, diffusion and deterioration of COVID-19 were inhibited quickly and effectively over China.ConclusionOur study suggests that Chinese strategies are highly effective on controlling the diffusion and deterioration of the novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia. These strategies supply experience and guidelines for other countries to control the COVID-19 epidemic.

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Role of Irrigation in Crop Production and Productivity: A Comparative Study of Tube Well and Canal Irrigation in Shreepur VDC of Kanchanpur District

Geographical Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/gjn.v9i0.17471 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 53-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Narayan Prasad Paudyal

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Living Standard ◽

Canal Irrigation ◽

The People ◽

Tube Well ◽

Observation Method ◽

Participatory Observation

The main purpose of the study is to find out the changes in production and productivity and the living standard of the people in Shreepur VDC after the introduction of canal and tube well irrigation facility. The prime issue related to the study is whether the canal and tube well irrigation facility has brought changes in crop production and productivity and contributed to improving the living standard of the people in the study area. The researcher took the sample of 113 households out of the total 750 households in the VDC using simple random sampling procedure. The informants were interviewed with the help of questionnaires. Similarly the informants were observed using participatory observation method. It is found that there have been changes in production and productivity after the provision of irrigation facility. Most of the baries (non-irrigable land) where maize, mustard and gram were grown have been utilized to grow paddy and wheat like in khets (irrigated). Paddy production has increased by 68.75 percent and wheat production has increased by 193.0 percent. Living standard in terms of house type, type of toilet, use of pure drinking water, use of consumer accessories has also been improved.The Geographical Journal of Nepal, Vol. 8, 2010-2011: 53-62

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