Condom Use History as a Determinant of University Students' Condom Evaluative Index

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. McDermott ◽  
Virginia J. Noland
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Public University ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sum Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sum Scores

Researchers examined the mean sum scores of 15 semantic differential scales to specify the evaluative index assigned to the term condom by 173 undergraduate students at a large public university. Of interest was whether evaluative indices were different for men and women, and for condom ever-users versus never-users. There was no sex difference in semantic evaluation of condom. However, the mean sum score of persons with prior condom experience reflected a significantly more positive rating compared to persons who were never-users. Because use of condoms is associated with an evaluative index that is statistically more favorable, encouraging sexually active young adults to try condoms may promote consistency of use, and thereby reduce undesired pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections.

scholarly journals GENDER DIFFERENCES ACROSS THE AGING SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIAL AND THE FRABONI SCALE OF AGEISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S81-S82
Author(s):  
Robert C Intrieri ◽  
Rebecca A Dunterman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gender Groups

Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare attitudes about aging between groups of raters categorized by gender, using the Aging Semantic Differential (ASD; Rosencrantz & McNevin, 1969) and the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA, Fraboni, Saltstone, & Hughes, 1990). The current study assesses the relationships between the four factors of Aging Semantic Differential (ASD; Instrumentality, Autonomy, Acceptability, and Integrity) as well as the three factors of the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA; Antilocution, Discrimination, and Avoidance) across gender groups. The convenience sample consisted of 471 undergraduate students, with a mean age of 19.68 (SD = 2.28). The mean age for men was 19.88 (SD = 3.31) and for women was 19.56 (SD = 1.37). A series of four ANOVAs were conducted using the ASD factors. Results showed significance for the ASD-Instrumental (F(1, 470) = 4.922, p = .027); ASD-Acceptability F(1, 470) = 8.616, p = .003), and the ASD-Integrity factors F(1, 470) = 4.475, p = .035). Men endorsed more positive attitudes than women on both the Acceptability and Integrity factors. Women endorsed more positive attitudes on the Instrumental factor. Similar ANOVAs were conducted across the three Fraboni Scale of Ageism factors. Significant differences between men and women were only obtained across the Avoidance factor (F(1, 470) = 12.187, p = .001) with endorsing higher avoidance scores than women. Taken together these results show differential effects across three ASD factors between men and women while men demonstrated higher scores on the FSA Avoidance scale.

scholarly journals Examination of the preservice chemistry teachers’ understanding of periodic table concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Şenol Şen
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
Concept Maps ◽  
Public University ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
Atomic Properties ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to examine the preservice chemistry teachers’ understanding of periodic table concepts and some atomic properties. The study group of this study was comprised of 17 preservice chemistry teachers who were undergraduate students at a public University. The preservice teachers’ ages are between 19 and 26, and the mean is 21.12 (SD=1.83). In addition, the 14 of the preservice teachers are female and three are male. In the study, concept maps and lotus blossom technique were used as data collection tools in order to determine the understanding of preservice chemistry teachers about the periodic table concepts. Data obtained through these techniques was analysed to figure out the useful of these assessment tools. The results of the analysis indicated that preservice teachers have limited understanding of the periodic table and its properties. In addition, at the end of the study, it was determined that they have many misunderstanding.

scholarly journals Point-of-Care Testing to Guide Treatment and Estimate Risk Factors for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents and Young People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Eswatini

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlyn L Jasumback ◽  
Sarah H Perry ◽  
Tara E Ness ◽  
Martha Matsenjwa ◽  
Zandile T Masangane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 127 million new cases of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), 87 million new cases of Neisseria gonorrhea (NG), and 156 million new cases of Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) each year, which corresponds to 355 (219–606), 303 (216–468), and 243 (97.6–425) thousand disability-adjusted life-years. In low-resource settings, however, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are treated syndromically and many individuals with asymptomatic infection may be missed, especially adolescents and young adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods We enrolled patients aged 15–24 with HIV (N = 300) attending a family-centered HIV clinic in Mbabane, Eswatini. Participants completed a sexual history questionnaire and provided urine as well as oropharyngeal and/or vaginal swabs, if sexually active, for testing with Xpert CT/NG and TV tests. Analysis included bivariate and multivariate odds ratios and test sensitivity and specificity. Results Sexually transmitted infection rates were highest (25.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.2–37.3) in females ages 20–24 who were ever sexually active. In patients with confirmed STIs, NG (15 of 32, 47%) was more common than CT (9 of 32, 28%) and TV (8 of 32, 25%). Syndromic screening alone had a sensitivity of 32.0% (95% CI, 14.9–53.3) and specificity of 86.0% (95% CI, 79.0–91.4) but varied by gender. The presence of an STI was associated with reporting new sexual partner(s) (OR = 2.6; 95% CI, 1.1–6.4), sometimes to never using condoms (OR = 4.2; 95% CI, 1.7–10.2), most recent sexual partner >25 years old (OR = 3.2; 95% CI, 1.3–7.9), and HIV diagnosis at age ≥15 years (OR = 3.4; 95% CI, 1.4–8.2). Conclusions Syndromic screening alone performed poorly. Routine diagnostic testing significantly increases STI detection and should be considered in high-risk populations, such as adolescents and young adults with HIV.

Mycoplasma genitalium infections in Cuba: surveillance of urogenital syndromes, 2014–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 994-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A Mondeja ◽  
Nadia M Rodríguez ◽  
Orestes Blanco ◽  
Carmen Fernández ◽  
Jørgen S Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging sexually transmitted pathogen implicated in urethritis in men and several inflammatory reproductive tract syndromes in women. The prevalence of M. genitalium infections in Cuban patients with urogenital syndromes is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of M. genitalium infection in sexually-active Cuban men and women with urogenital syndromes as a part of aetiological surveillance of urogenital syndromes in Cuba. Samples from men and women with urogenital syndromes submitted to the Mycoplasma Reference Laboratory for mycoplasma diagnosis from 1 January 2014 to 1 June 2015 were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of M. genitalium. A total of 971 samples were received and processed. Of the patients tested, 5.7% (47/824) of women and 27.9% (41/147) of men were positive for M. genitalium. This paper presents the largest study of M. genitalium infections among Cuban patients with urogenital syndromes and is Cuba’s first M. genitalium survey. We suggest that M. genitalium should be considered in the Cuban sexually transmitted infection management protocols as an important pathogen, particularly in men.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Stress and Resilience: Exploring the Role of Hope and Meaning in in Life Undergraduate Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Abdullah MERT ◽  
Gökmen ARSLAN ◽  
Özlem TAGAY
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public University ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether meaning in life and hope mediate the association between coronavirus stress and resilience in university students. The participants were 376 (68% female) undergraduate students attending a public university in Turkey. The age of the students ranged from 18 to 38 years (Mage = 20.67, SD = 3.62). The results of the present study suggest that the meaning of life and hope attenuate the negative effects of stress on hope and resilience. Specifically, hope emerged as an important mechanism for the relationship between meaning in life and resilience. These findings provide insights into the relationships between coronavirus stress, hope, sense of life, and resilience in young adults during the period COVID -19. Hope and sense of life may function as protective factors to promote mental health and well-being by increasing an individual's ability to recover from stressful situations with high motivation and in creative ways. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether meaning in life and hope mediate the relationship between coronavirus stress and resilience in university students. The participants were 376 (68% female) students attending a public university in Turkey. The age of the students ranged from 18 to 38 years (Mage = 20.67, SD = 3.62). The results of the study showed that the meaning of life and hope mitigated the negative effects of stress on hope and resilience. Specifically, hope was found to be an important mechanism for the relationship between meaning in life and resilience. These findings shed light on the relationships between coronavirus stress, hope, sense of life, and resilience in young adults during COVID -19. Hope and sense of life may act as protective factors to promote mental health and well-being by increasing individuals' ability to recover from stressful situations with high motivation and in creative ways.

Is “not applicable” option in Internet Addiction Questionnaire affect its results? An exploration of results using four different methods (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
PohYing Lim ◽  
Norliza Ahmad ◽  
Rosliza Abdul Manaf ◽  
Thanendran Nair Asokan ◽  
Nor Syasya Dayana Norlen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Public University ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Significant Public Health Concern ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND Internet addiction problem is becoming a significant public health concern nowadays, especially during Covid-19 pandemic. Internet Addiction Test (IAT) is one of the most popular questionnaires for evaluating the internet addiction level. Using the same questionnaire in the similar population, the prevalence of IA was ranging from 28.3% to 66.6% with possibly due to the Likert scale used. Different methods on treating “not applicable” option in the Likert scale used in IAT questionnaire might increase the variability in results, and this might not be aware especially when comparing the results among studies. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to compare the differences of results in terms of total scores and prevalence of IA on using four different methods on dealing with the “not applicable” option on the IAT questionnaire. METHODS A total of 417 undergraduate students were recruited from a public university in Malaysia to fill in the IAT questionnaire with six Likert scale that include the following options from “not applicable”, “rarely”, “occasionally”, “frequently”, “often” and “always”. The total score and prevalence of IA for four different methods (Method 1, Method 2, Method 3 and Method 4) on treating “not applicable” option were be compared. RESULTS Out of 20 questions in IAT questionnaire, there were 11 questions had more than 80% of answer rate but no question with 100% answer rate. Only 17.5% of respondents answered all the questions. The Cronbach alpha test showed that four methods had good reliability value (0.910-0.945). The mean ± standard deviation of total scores of IA for Method 1, Method 2, Method 3 and Method 4 were significantly different, with 49.15±15.60, 40.50±17.50, 44.31±15.11 and 48.15±15.08 respectively (P<0.001). Method 1 had significant highest prevalence of IA (43.4%), followed with Method 4 (40.0%), Method 2 (28.3%) and Method 3 (17.3%) (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Four methods on treating the “not applicable” option in the IAT questionnaire showed significant different results, with Method 1 showed significant highest mean total score and prevalence of IA compared to other methods. Researchers are advised to choose an appropriate method on treating the “not applicable” questions, and also be aware of this when comparing the results among different studies.

The prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis in Australia 1997 - 2004: a systematic review

Sexual Health ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. Vajdic ◽  
Melanie Middleton ◽  
Francis J. Bowden ◽  
Christopher K. Fairley ◽  
John M. Kaldor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: To determine by systematic review the prevalence of genital chlamydial infection in Australia between 1997 and 2004. Methods: Electronic literature databases, reference lists, and conference proceedings were searched and health agencies and jurisdictions were contacted for published and unpublished reports. Studies were eligible if they offered a diagnostic nucleic acid amplification test to consecutive individuals presenting during the study period. As a summary measure of the available data, mean prevalence rates, weighted by sample size and irrespective of participant age, were calculated for the population sub-groups. Results: 40 studies of 50 populations and 40587 individuals met the inclusion criteria, but only one of these was population-based. The use of non-systematic methodologies prevented an assessment of time trends and a statistical comparison of population sub-groups. The mean overall prevalence of genital chlamydial infection was 4.6% (95% CI 4.4–4.8%), reflecting over-sampling of high-risk groups. The mean community-based rates were 7.5% (95% CI 6.4–8.6%) and 8.7% (95% CI 7.9–9.7%) for Indigenous men and women, and 1.5% (95% CI 1.1–1.9%) and 1.4% (95% CI 0.9–2.0%) for non-Indigenous men and women. The overall mean estimates for other groups were 3.3% (95% CI 3.0–3.7%) for female attendees of sexual health and related clinics, 5.6% (95% CI 4.9–6.4%) for adolescents and young adults, 3.3% (95% CI 2.8–3.9%) for sex workers, and 1.6% (95% CI 1.2–2.0%) for urethral infection in men who have sex with men. Clinic-based estimates were generally, although not consistently, higher than community-based estimates. There is no serial population-based data for sexually active young men and women, but the available age-specific rates suggest under-ascertainment by the routine surveillance systems. Conclusions: The prevalence of genital chlamydial infection in Indigenous Australians and young adults is unacceptably high and quality epidemiological studies are urgently required to supplement the routinely collected national notification data.

scholarly journals Fertility awareness and intentions among young adults in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna Lardou ◽  
Ioannis Chatzipapas ◽  
Michail Chouzouris ◽  
Panos Xenos ◽  
Nikolaos Petrogiannis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Lower Education Level ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
Knowledge Deficits

Background: Greece has a mean age of first motherhood at 31.5 years, higher than the European average age of 29.4. Delaying conception, however, may be an important non-reversible cause of infertility. The aim of this study was to identify possible knowledge deficits regarding fertility in young adults. Methods: This was an online survey of young adults, regarding information on intention to parenthood and knowledge on issues affecting fertility. This study was conducted from February to December 2020, aiming for a representative sample of Greek men and women aged 18 and 26 years. The questionnaire was designed by a multidisciplinary group based on the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale, which contained 22 multiple-choice or Likert-scale questions. Results: We obtained responses from 1875 young adults, whose mean age was 22.1 years. About 91.8% of men and 94.0% of women declared an intention to have children, out of which 44.0% wanted to have two and 29.0% three children. About 52.0 and 50.8% men and women, respectively, aimed to start a family between 31 and 35 years. Residents of rural areas and those with a lower education level more likely aimed to have children before the age of 30. The most prevalent answers for age of ideal parenthood were between 26 and 30 years for a woman and 31–35 years for a man. Smoking, alcohol consumption and sexually transmitted infections were identified as factors affecting both female and male fertility. Half of men and women, respectively, overestimated general success rates of reproductive techniques. Conclusion: The knowledge of fertility, particularly with regards to assisted reproductive techniques’ success rates, may be overestimated as more young adults plan for having children after the age of 30.

scholarly journals Factors associated with HPV and other self-reported STI coinfections among sexually active Brazilian young adults: cross-sectional nationwide study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Luiza Kops ◽  
Marina Bessel ◽  
Jaqueline Driemeyer Correia Horvath ◽  
Carla Domingues ◽  
Flávia Moreno Alves de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Low Prevalence

ObjectivesTo analyse factors associated with genital human papillomavirus (HPV) and other self-reported sexually transmitted infection (STI) coinfections among women and men aged 16–25 years from Brazil.DesignA cross-sectional, nationwide, multicentre study.Setting119 primary healthcare centres between September 2016 and November 2017.Participants6388 sexually active young adults were enrolled by trained health professionals.Primary outcome measureGenital HPV and other self-reported STI coinfections.ResultsOf 3512 participants with valid data for genital HPV and (STI)-positive status, 276 (9.60%, 95% CI 7.82% to 11.36%) had HPV/STI coinfection. Among men, HPV/STI coinfection was more prevalent than HPV infection alone. Among HPV-positive participants, the percentage of subjects who reported having another STI was highest for gonorrhoea at 4.24% (95% CI 2.67% to 5.81%), followed by syphilis, herpes and HIV. Smoking, drug use and ever having a same-sex sexual experience were risk factors that were uniquely associated with HPV/STI coinfection compared with HPV infection alone.ConclusionsThe results identified a low prevalence of self-reported STIs, but in participants with at least one STI, the prevalence of HPV was high. These results reinforce the importance of implementing strategies to prevent risky behaviours among Brazilian young adults.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Knowledge about Genital and other Warts among Students in Sulaimani Polytechnic University: A cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Burhan Karadaghy ◽  
Niaz Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Nasih Othman
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Health Consciousness ◽  
The Mean

Genital warts and other warts are an epidermal manifestation attributed to the epidermotropic human papillomavirus (HPV) some of which have been linked directly to an increased neoplastic risk in men and women. According to our knowledge, research is scarce and little is known about this condition in Sulaimani city. A cross-sectional study was carried out from 1st April to 30th May 2018 including 441 undergraduate students aged between 18-30 years belonging to the health and non-health colleges of Sulaimani Polytechnic University. Data were obtained on the knowledge about genital warts through self-administrated questionnaire from the students. Data were analyzed using STATA 11. The mean age of the participants was 21.3 years. Hand warts were the commonest types among participants (31%). Knowledge score ranged from 0 to 9, was not normally distributed with a median of zero (IQR 0-22), 89% of the students had very low knowledge score. Knowledge score correlated with socio-demographic parameters were significantly higher in health students (P <0.001); outside Sulaimani city (P= 0.01) and students aged 21-30 (P <0.001). In general, it is highlighting the need for communication and education among students in order to overcome the lack of knowledge about genital warts and HPV infection. It also might reflect higher health consciousness among Sulaimani university students.

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