scholarly journals Evaluation of the individual detoxification potential in the firefighters and rescuers of emercom of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
I. I. Shantyr’ ◽  
G. G. Rodionov ◽  
E. G. Neronova ◽  
I. E. Ushal ◽  
E. A. Kolobova
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
North West ◽  
Cyp3a4 Gene ◽  
A Minor

Relevance. Professional activities of firefighters and rescuers are usually associated with aggressive chemical exposure with increased physical exertion and psychological stress. Therefore, for professional selection and monitoring the health status of firefighters and rescuers of EMERCOM of Russia it is necessary to evaluate the activity of cytochrome P450 isoenzymes that are directly involved in detoxification pathways in the liver.Intention. To evaluate the activity of the CYP3A4 enzyme by phenotyping methods and to establish the frequency of allelic variants of the gene of this enzyme (rs2740574 and rs4987161 polymorphisms) in firefighters and rescuers of EMERCOM of Russia for targeted treatment, rehabilitation and prevention.Methodology. Polymorphisms (rs2740574 and rs4987161) of the CYP3A4 gene and also CYP3A4 activity by the ratio of 6-β-hydroxycortisol / cortisol in the urine were determined during routine periodical medical examination of 64 rescuers and firefighters of rescue units of EMERCOM of Russia. The average age of examined persons was (29.8 ± 5.5) years; 30 of them are rescuers of the North-West Regional Search and Rescue Squad and 34 are firefighters of the territorial fire departments of St. Petersburg.Results and Discussion. According to the results of genotyping of rs2740574 polymorphism of the CYP3A4 gene, EMERCOM employees were divided into 2 groups depending on the presence or absence of a minor allele: “poor” and “rapid” metabolizers (9.4% and 80.6%, respectively). According to the results of genotyping of the rs4987161 polymorphism of the CYP3A4 gene, the examined were classified as “rapid” metabolizers, because patients with a minor allele were not identified. Depending on the ratio of 6-β-hydroxycortisol / cortisol in the urine, the activity level of CYP3A4 was “normal” in 67 %, “poor” in 13 % and “rapid” in 20 % of cases. The ratio of 6-β-hydroxycortisol / cortisol in the urine tended to increase with an increase in work experience and age. No relationship between the studied polymorphic variants of the CYP3A4 gene and the established enzyme activity was observed.Conclusion. Genotyping methods made it possible to identify allelic variants of the CYP3A4 gene that could affect the functionality of the enzyme; however, no association of the studied polymorphisms with enzyme activity was found. In such cases, in the absence of informative genetic markers, it is recommended to evaluate the enzyme activity by phenotyping methods.

scholarly journals EFFECT ON 6-BAP CATALASE ACTIVITY IN TOMATO PLANTS UNDER CONDITIONS OF TEMPERATURE STRESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
Tatyana Stepanovna Kolmykova ◽  
Ekaterina Vladimirovna Klokova ◽  
Elvera Shagidulovna Sharkaeva
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Primary Antioxidant ◽  
A Minor

Activity of the antioxidant system is one of the mechanisms for the protection of plants against adverse environmental factors. Catalase - a primary antioxidant enzymes. Her change may serve as an indicator of plant resistance to stress. Studied catalase activity in tomato plants of different varieties under the action of low temperatures and cytokinin 6-BAP preparation. The object of investigation used 24- and 27-day-old tomato plant varieties Podarochnyi, Patrice, Volgogradskyi. Found that under the action of low temperatures, the decrease in positive catalase activity: 10-30% at 10 C and 40-60% at a temperature of 3 C as compared with non-refrigerated plants. Less resistant to hyperthermia were plant varieties Patrice. With increasing length of vegetation at a temperature of 25 C in 27-day-old tomato plants resulted in a minor increase in the activity of the enzyme. After the end of the cooling observed recovery of enzyme activity only at grades Podarochnyi and Patrice. This indicates that the indicated tomato varieties possess a high ability to restore metabolic processes. Using 6-regulator cytokinin BAP increased catalase activity in tomato plants as prolonged or momentary cooling. Especially responsive to the drug were plant varieties Patrice and Volgogradskyi. And 6-BAP helped repair catalase activity in 27-day-old plants in the aftereffect of cold stress. Were more sensitive plant varieties Podarochnyi.

scholarly journals Preferred Learning Styles of Nurses in In-Service Training Courses in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Neda Safaeifard ◽  
Hossein Namdar Areshtanab ◽  
Fariborz Roshangar ◽  
Hossein Ebrahim ◽  
Hossein Karimi Moonaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Service Training ◽  
Training Courses

Summary Generally, progress, productivity and success of any organization depends on the skills and knowledge of their manpower. Thus, better and more accurate training programs in organizations will lead to their growth and efficiency will be eventually achieved. Due to the many advances in the field of medicine, nurses are the backbone of activities in organizations of medical sciences and patient’s affairs. For this purpose, in-service training courses for employees are the most important courses in nursing. This study was conducted at the University of Medical Sciences (Tabriz-Iran) aiming to determine the preferred learning styles of nurses in in-service training courses. In this cross-sectional study, all nurses working in medical and educational centers in a university in the North West of Iran were randomly selected. To collect data, a two-part questionnaire of Kolb’s demographic and social information was used. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistics SPSS version 17 software. A total of 470 nurses with an average age of 36.46 ± 5.77 were studied. There was a significant correlation between preferred learning styles of nurses with nursing position, employment status, and income level. There was no a significant statistical relationship between the preferred learning style of nurses with age, work experience and experience in the center. The present study shows that the highest percentage of Kolb’s learning style is related to the preferential converging learning style (57.8%). This study aimed to determine the preferred learning styles of nurse’s in-service training courses in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. The results of the study showed that converging and assimilating styles were the preferred learning ones among the majority of nurses; these styles are effective and interpreted according to their profession requiring a lot of information and knowledge. Due to the dominance of converging learning style among nurses, it is recommended to use appropriate teaching methods tailored to the style including the use of diagrams, presentations, lectures and self-learning with enjoyable materials.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SINGLE POLYMORPHISM IN THE LOCUS RS17216473 OF THE GENE THAT ENCODES 5-LIPOXYGENASEACTIVATING PROTEIN AND RISK OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2431-2437
Author(s):  
Oleksii Ur. Pavlenko ◽  
Iryna G. Strokina ◽  
Tetiana I. Drevytska ◽  
Liudmyla M. Sokurenko ◽  
Viktor E. Dosenko
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Myocardium Infarction ◽  
A Minor ◽  
First Time ◽  
Genotype A

The aim: To study the association between A/A, G/A, A/A genotypes, alleles A, G of the SNP rs17216473 of the gene that encodes ALOX5AP and the risk of myocardial infarction within the Ukrainian population. Materials and methods: PCR in real time and the analysis to discriminate alleles were used. The statistical processing was carried out by χ2 criteria and by χ2 criteria with Yates correction. Results: For the first time the SNP rs17216473 of gene that encodes ALOX5AP has been established to be statistically significantly associated with the risk of myocardial infarction in Ukrainian population. The connection with genotype A/A was opposite to that with genotype G/G. That is, A/A contribution to myocardium infarction has been statistically significant whereas, G/G has been statistically significantly associated with the absence of myocardial infarction. G/A genotype has not been statistically significantly associated with myocardial infarction. It has also been established a statistically significant connection exists between the risk of myocardial infarction and the presence of allele A (minor allele) of the polymorphism. Allele G, however, has a statistically significant association with the absence of myocardial infarction. All humans-homozygotes with the minor allele A had suffered from myocardial infarction. In the control group, humans-homozygotes with the minor allele A were not found. Conclusions: Summarizing our obtained results, we assume the carriers of G/G genotype to have a minimal risk of myocardial infarction onset, the carriers of G/A genotype to have a moderate risk and the carriers of A/A to have a great risk.

Long-term variations in the geomagnetic activity level Part II: Ascending phases of sunspot cycles

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (10/11) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mussino ◽  
O. Borello Filisetti ◽  
M. Storini ◽  
H. Nevanlinna
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Geomagnetic Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Long Term Variations

Abstract. Monthly averages of the Helsinki Ak-values have been reduced to the equivalent aa-indices to extend the aa-data set back to 1844. A periodicity of about five cycles was found for the correlation coefficient (r) between geomagnetic indices and sunspot numbers for the ascending phases of sunspot cycles 9 to 22, confirming previous findings based on a minor number of sunspot cycles. The result is useful to researchers in topics related to solar-terrestrial physics, particularly for the interpretation of long-term trends in geomagnetic activity during the past, and to forecast geomagnetic activity levels in the future.

scholarly journals Croatian produced unifloral honey characterized according to the protein and proline content and enzyme activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Flanjak ◽  
Ivica Strelec ◽  
Daniela Kenjerić ◽  
Ljiljana Primorac
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
A Minor

Abstract In honey, the content of proteins, including the enzymes, is relatively low and has a minor nutritive significance. On the other hand, the proteins, including the enzymes, are usually used as honey quality evaluation parameters. This is because protein content and enzyme activities vary regarding the botanical origin of the honey. Since the results of protein content, glucose-oxidase, and acid phosphatase, for honeys produced in Croatia, are not available, four of the most abundant honey types produced in Croatia (black locust, sage, chestnut, and honeydew honey) are characterised according to the protein and proline content and enzyme activities. The characterisation was done to determine specificities and contribute to the characterisation of unifloral honeys. Dark honey types (honeydew and chestnut honey) had a higher proline content, and diastase, invertase, and glucose-oxidase activity than lighter sage and black locust honey. Black locust honey has a naturally low enzyme activity and showed the highest acid phosphatase activity among the analysed honey types, while honeydew honey, otherwise known to possess high proline content and enzyme activity, had a low protein content comparable to black locust honey. Statistically significant correlations were obtained between all analysed parameters, with the exception of acid phosphatase activity.

scholarly journals A minor carbonatite occurrence in southern West Greenland: the Tupertalik intrusion

1982 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
L.M Larsen ◽  
A.K Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
High Mountains ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
North West ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Town

In addition to the two large carbonatite complexes of Cambrian age occurring in southern West Greenland, the Sarfartôq and Qaqarssuk complexes (Secher & Larsen, 1980; Gothenborg & Pedersen, 1975) a third small intrusion of carbonatite was found in 1971 during regional prospecting by Kryolitselskabet Øresund A/S. This intrusion is situated approximately 50 km east of the town Sukkertoppen, only 11 km north-north-west of the Qaqarssuk complex of which it may be regarded as a satellite (fig. 13). The outcrop measures only 500 m by 200 m. It is situated on a gently south-east sloping, relatively vegegation covered hillside in a depression between 800 m and 1000 m high mountains, the most prominent of which is Tupertalik ('the place with a tent') after which the intrusion is named.

scholarly journals Ecological features of enzyme activity distribution in edaphotops of technogenic landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Chorna ◽  
I. V. Wagner ◽  
V. V. Katsevych
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Artificial Soil ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Ecological Features

Specific features of distribution total, available phosphorus concentrations and levels of phosphatase enzymatic activity at the layers of artificial soil, sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green and red-brown clays and on loess-like loams in the Nikopol manganese ore basin are established. It is presented general assessment of technosoil status by evaluation of phosphatase enzyme activity; this enzyme enriches the soil with mineral phosphorus and thereby improves its availability for living organisms. Among current bioindication methodology, soil enzymatic method is the most reliable and promising because enzymatic activity serves a stable indicator of soil biogenicity in comparison with other indicators. Soil enzymatic activity determines both intensity and targeting of biogeochemical processes. High correlation between concentrations of soluble phosphorus and phosphatase activity values by layers of artificial soil (r = 0.87), sod-lithogenic soils onto gray-green (r = 0.77), red-brown clays (r = 0.62) and onto loess-like loam (r = 0.95) was determined. Tendency of decreasing hydrolytic enzyme activity, phosphatase, with depth in all types of artificial soil studied was established. High efficiency of the enzymatic activity study in diagnostics of soil fertility dynamics under impact of various anthropogenic and natural ecosystems was determined. Advantages of using this method are capability to determine rapidly the changes occurring in ecosystems in the early stages of degradation processes and prediction of their targeting and, accordingly, their intensity. It has been found that levels of phosphatase activity and values of mobile phosphorus compounds in complex biogeocoenotic systems are sensitive quantitative indicators of changes in environmental conditions in man-made environment, and they generate good data about processes occurred within the soil column. The use of phosphatase activity level can be a reliable and promising method on biomonitoring of technogenic edaphotops.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Sheep for Scrapie as Assessed by In Vitro Conversion of Nine Naturally Occurring Variants of PrP

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 1407-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bossers ◽  
Ruth de Vries ◽  
Mari A. Smits
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
Spongiform Encephalopathies ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies ◽  
Minor Extent

ABSTRACT Polymorphisms in the prion protein (PrP) gene are associated with phenotypic expression differences of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals and humans. In sheep, at least 10 different mutually exclusive polymorphisms are present in PrP. In this study, we determined the efficiency of the in vitro formation of protease-resistant PrP of nine sheep PrP allelic variants in order to gauge the relative susceptibility of sheep for scrapie. No detectable spontaneous protease-resistant PrP formation occurred under the cell-free conditions used. All nine host-encoded cellular PrP (PrPC) variants had distinct conversion efficiencies induced by PrPSc isolated from sheep with three different homozygous PrP genotypes. In general, PrP allelic variants with polymorphisms at either codon 136 (Ala to Val) or codon 141 (Leu to Phe) and phylogenetic wild-type sheep PrPC converted with highest efficiency to protease-resistant forms, which indicates a linkage with a high susceptibility of sheep for scrapie. PrPC variants with polymorphisms at codons 171 (Gln to Arg), 154 (Arg to His), and to a minor extent 112 (Met to Thr) converted with low efficiency to protease-resistant isoforms. This finding indicates a linkage of these alleles with a reduced susceptibility or resistance for scrapie. In addition, PrPSc with the codon 171 (Gln-to-His) polymorphism is the first variant reported to induce higher conversion efficiencies with heterologous rather than homologous PrP variants. The results of this study strengthen our views on polymorphism barriers and have further implications for scrapie control programs by breeding strategies.

Social Support for Exercise and Its Effect on Physical Activity Level among Female Teachers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Abdolkarimi ◽  
Fatemeh Ayeneh Heydari ◽  
Seyedeh Shirin Lotfi ◽  
Hadi Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Recommended Level

Background: Determining the level of physical activity and factors in female teachers can be effective in planning health promotion interventions. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the level of physical activity and social factors affecting female teachers in Rafsanjan. Methods: in this descriptive study, the level of physical activity and the social factors were examined in 198 female high school teachers in Rafsanjan City in 2019. The International Short Form Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine physical activity levels. Sallis's social support questionnaire for exercise was used to determine the level of social support. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and chi-square and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: The level of physical activity in female teachers was lower than the recommended level so that only 34.3% had the minimum physical activity at the recommended level. In terms of intensity of physical activity, most physical activities were reported as walking. The physical activity of this group was not statistically significant based on age (p = 0.09), work experience (p = 0.70), level of education (p = 0.28), and income level (p = 0.082). Also, there was a significant correlation between all types of physical activity and social support in all aspects. Conclusion: Providing social support for exercise by family and friends has been identified as an effective physical activity factor. Therefore, it seems necessary to design educational programs to improve teachers' awareness and attitude, emphasizing the creation of a supportive environment by family, friends, and even related organizations.

Whole Genome Scanning in Aplastic Anemia Indicates That Polymorphisms in CD33 and Other Loci Can Constitute Predisposition Factors in This Disease

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 3095-3095
Author(s):  
Bartlomiej P Przychodzen ◽  
Monika Jasek ◽  
Sandra P Smieszek ◽  
Anna Malgorzata Jankowska ◽  
Christine O’Keefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Minor Allele Frequency ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Scanning ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract While immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic aplastic anemia (AA), the discovery of telomerase machinery mutations in a minority of patients with a not easily discernable phenotype illustrates that polygenic, low penetrance traits may exist and contribute to increased risk for this disease in certain individuals. However, due to the impact of exogenous factors and the low prevalence of AA, this disease is not easily amenable to genetic studies. With the advent of whole genome scanning (WGS) technologies such as SNP arrays (SNP-A), large scale investigations in various disorders have been conducted. We have applied SNP-A to conduct the first GWAS in AA with the goal to identify possible low prevalence genetic variants that contribute to the pathogenesis and explain individual disease risk. We have studied 128 patients with AA and PNH and 119 controls using SNP-A. Affymetrix GeneChip 6.0 (924644 SNP probes covering most known LD blocks) was designed to capture 67%–89% of SNP variation among Caucasians. Following exclusion of SNPs with a call rate of <95%, and those with serious violation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, single allele χ2 statistics for all autosomal markers was performed. For the purpose of this study, SNPs with a minor allele frequency (MAF) <10% and p<0.001 after false discovery rate correction were selected, whereby all SNP were used multi-variedly to predict disease association. Application of the Benjamini-Hochberg strategy more closely reflects complex polygenic traits. The top 85 SNPs (ranked by p-value) were chosen for further analysis. Our investigations focused on 5 SNPs which pointed directly to 2 genes or indirectly to informative loci through LD, including CD33 and TCF7. For instance, a minor allele (rs3972624, rs17167302, p<5.69×10−5) of TCF7 is present in a heterozygous and homozygous constellation in patients at 19% and 3% (vs. 3.7% and 0% of controls). TCF7 can bind the enhancer element of TCRα and is preferentially expressed in cells polarized to the Th1 direction. Polymorphism in the TCF7 gene was reported to be associated with type-1 diabetes, which is a disease with dominating Th1 phenotype. Furthermore, TCF7 is a member of the WNT-β-catenin LEF1/TCF7 pathway with a known role in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells. Increased minor allele frequency of rs1803254, rs9676731, rs1501449 in the CD33 locus, already part of a LD block, was homozygous and heterozygous at 3.4% vs. 0% and 24.8% vs. 7.9% (p<7.1×10−5) in patients and controls, respectively. To further confirm this genetic link, we have investigated the frequency of this polymorphism using an independent set of controls (N=1658) and an overlapping group of patients (12 additional and 52 6.0 array-studied patients). This analysis provided technical validation of genotyping calls in 100% repetitive samples and confirmed the allelic frequency of this SNP in AA at 14.9% vs. 4.5% in controls (p<4×10−5). This marker (rs1803254), representing itself as a genetic proxy, points toward an informative locus in exon 7 of the CD33 gene. CD33 is cell-surface glycoprotein that is specific for the myeloid lineage. It was reported that expression frequencies of CD33 were significantly reduced in AA bone marrow, in comparison to normal bone marrow. In vitro experiments indicate that CD33 may act as an inhibitory receptor and anti-CD33 antibody can induce apoptosis in AML cells. In sum, our study constitutes one of highest resolution investigations into susceptibility loci in AA. Our results point towards a number of interesting genetic disease-associations in AA which are currently being investigated through sequencing of corresponding loci in larger independent cohorts of patients.

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