scholarly journals I. Kant's Copernican revolution in the context of the concept of subjectivation

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Sergei Sergeevich Rusakov
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Practical Reason ◽  
Philosophical Concept ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Copernican Revolution ◽  
French Researcher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Philosophical Nature

This article is dedicated to correlation between the concept of subjectivation of M. Foucault and the concept of subject of I. Kant. Due to the fact that the project of studying the forms of subjectivity has not been accomplished, the artistic legacy of the French scholar has left numerous questions still to be answered. One of such questions is the transformation of the subject that took place in Modern Age, and the reasons for the elimination of spiritual practices of subjectivation. The work is of historical-philosophical nature, and employs analytical, critical and comparative methods of research applicable to the texts of Michel Foucault and Immanuel Kant, as well as to a number of foreign (G. Deleuze, A. Renaut, T. Adorno) and domestic (M. Mamardashvili, F. Girenok, S. Khoruzhiy) analytical works. The novelty of this research consists in the analysis of the philosophical concept of M. Foucault in the specific context of transcendental philosophy of I. Kant. The author distinguishes between what the French researcher called the metaphysical subject of Descartes and the transcendental subject of Kant. The following conclusions were formulated: the acknowledgement of irrevocable loss of the elements of subjectivation in the Kantian concept of subject, which were reflected in the doctrine of Cartesius; claim of the autonomy of the Kantian subject, founded on the rejection of metaphysics and exclusion of heteronomy as a characteristic of subjectivity; confirmation of the key role of practical reason as the factor of further development of the concept of subject towards enhancing the autonomy and gnoseocentrism.

scholarly journals The female characters in Branislav Nušić's and Stefan Kostov's selected comedies

Bastina ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
Đurđina Isić
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bereaved Family

The paper presents the results of research that included comparative study of the place and role of female characters in selected and representative comedies by Serbian comedigrapher Branislav Nušić (eng. MP, Suspicious person, Mrs Minister, Bereaved family, Dr, Deceased; srb. Narodni poslanik, Sumnjivo lice, Ožalošćena porodica, Dr, Pokojnik, Vlast) and Bulgarian comedigrapher Stefan Kostov (eng. Gold mine, Golemanov, Grasshoppers, Nameless comedy; blg. Zlamnama mina, Golemanov, Skakalci, Komediâ bez ime) in order to find similarities and differences in the process of comedigraphic shaping of female characters in the work of these two authors. The subject of the research was viewed primarily from a literary-theoretical point of view, and the dominant methods of study were comparative and analytical-synthetic. During the research, there was a differentiation of female characters in accordance with their motivational structures, psychological assemblies and the nature of the place and the role they play in the social environment in which they are located. Therefore, we can distinguish female characters who live in the province and who are fully representative of the small-town spirit, female characters who live in the capital and are a symbol of the modern age and female characters who dwell in the capital, but in fact, deeply down still carry a small-town view of the world. The structure of this paper is in line with this distinction. Conclusions made at the end of the study show that the representation of female characters in analyzed comedies of both comedigaphers is highly similar in its nature.

scholarly journals Truth in Practical Reason: Practical and Assertoric Truth in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail Pantoulias ◽  
Vasiliki Vergouli ◽  
Panagiotis Thanassas
Keyword(s):  
Practical Reason ◽  
Practical Reasoning ◽  
Nicomachean Ethics ◽  
Controversial Subject ◽  
Practical Syllogism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
De Interpretatione

Truth has always been a controversial subject in Aristotelian scholarship. In most cases, including some well-known passages in the Categories, De Interpretatione and Metaphysics, Aristotle uses the predicate ‘true’ for assertions, although exceptions are many and impossible to ignore. One of the most complicated cases is the concept of practical truth in the sixth book of Nicomachean Ethics: its entanglement with action and desire raises doubts about the possibility of its inclusion to the propositional model of truth. Nevertheless, in one of the most extensive studies on the subject, C. Olfert has tried to show that this is not only possible but also necessary. In this paper, we explain why trying to fit practical truth into the propositional model comes with insurmount­able problems. In order to overcome these problems, we focus on multiple aspects of practical syllogism and correlate them with Aristo­tle’s account of desire, happiness and the good. Identifying the role of such concepts in the specific steps of practical reasoning, we reach the conclusion that practical truth is best explained as the culmination of a well-executed practical syllogism taken as a whole, which ultimately explains why this type of syllogism demands a different approach and a different kind of truth than the theoretical one.

scholarly journals A CONCEPÇÃO E A PERSPECTIVA FILOSÓFICA SOBRE O MODELO DE FAMÍLIA EUDEMONISTA FRENTE AO ENTENDIMENTO MAJORITÁRIO DE VÍNCULO BIOLÓGICO COMO ELEMENTO CARACTERIZADOR DA ENTIDADE FAMILIAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (204) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Gabriela Dantas da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Philosophical Nature

The main topic of this article is to analyze the philosophical contributions on the subject and to criticize the State's actions as an entity that supports this family model. In a second moment, emphasis is given to the philosophical contributions of Immanuel Kant and Aristotle on morals and ethics, extending them to the family and social sphere. The concept of the Eudemonist Family with great Aristotelian influence, as well as some of the main contemporary family entities in brief contextualization, is also presented, to finally address the main problem of this article: the legal challenges of the Eudemonist family in the face of the majority understanding of biological bond as a characterizing element of the family entity. In conclusion, the philosophical nature is of great importance for the understanding of these new conceptions of the family, since the Brazilian legal system did not, in fact, contemplate the experience of society, not giving up texts that were expressly discriminatory and that excluded fundamental rights of individuals.

Features of using technology of project training to increase the interest of students studying biology

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-181
Author(s):  
G. Baitasheva ◽  
◽  
А. Musina ◽  
A. Issayeva ◽  
Zh. Myrzabaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Work ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

On the basis of the updated educational program were discussed issues of application of design technologies, in biology lessons in the section «Cell Biology» on the method of spiral training. Communication between parents, teachers and students is provided for in project technology. The point is that interest in the topic will increase by asking questions to parents. I was asked to voice my question, share my ideas through group work. The analysis of the works of these scientists is carried out and some stages of application are noted. In order to increase the interest of students studying the subject of biology, the specifics of the use of technology in project training are determined. In the field of biology are defined stages of work aimed at further development and consolidation of data on the topic «Cell Biology». The role of the teacher was shown. Highlighted the relationship of parents with children and friendship, communication in the classroom.

Modernity and Nationalism

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Acuff
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
International System ◽  
Age Dating ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Historical Origins

The question of the historical origins of nations and nationalism has long been the subject of vigorous debate among scholars. Indeed, there has been no interdisciplinary convergence among historians, sociologists, and anthropologists regarding the exact timeline of the emergence of nations and nationalism. Much contemporary international relations (IR) and political science scholarship relating to nations is primarily divided between two opposing assumptions: a relatively simplistic “ancient hatreds/modernist” dichotomy versus primordialist and other kinds of claims. This disagreement over the historical origins of nationalism influences both the ontological notions governing the nature of modernity and nations, as well as important epistemological implications as to the selection and interpretation of variables. Modernists argue that nationalism is the product of the specific effects of the modern age, dating roughly to the late Enlightenment or to the French Revolution specifically. They also emphasize the role of the international system in the forging of national identity. Primordialists and ethnosymbolists have advanced their own theories of nationalism, but most contemporary IR scholars favor the “modernist” paradigm. However, it is necessary to evaluate a larger literature beyond the modernist corpus in order to tackle questions such as whether modern nations are more conflict-prone than their more aged ethnic counterparts, or whether structural changes in the international system since the end of the Cold War have opened a window of opportunity for irredentist claims for nascent nations.

scholarly journals Exploration of the European North of Russia by the Geological Committee during the 1882-1918

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-177
Author(s):  
Tatiana Petrovna Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Development ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Novaya Zemlya ◽  
European North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Further Development

The object of this research is the history of scientific development of the European North of Russia in the late XIX – early XX century. The subject of this research is the historical role of the Geological Committee in exploration of this territory. The chronological framework covers the period from 1882 to 1918, since the establishment of scientific institution until its reorganization as a result of revolutionary events of 1917. Based on the archival and published sources, the author analyzes expedition activity of the Geological Committee in Northern Ural, Timman, Novaya Zemlya, and the Kola Peninsula in the late XIX – early XX centuries, the results of which became the first systematic integrated explorations on regional geology of the European North of Russia. The indicated problematic has not previously become the subject of separate research. It is proven that research of the European North of Russia was one of the priority vectors of the Geological Committee at the time. The following expedition results are highlighted:  a substantial territory of the European North of Russia is explored; thorough geological surveying is conducted; extensive paleontological collection is amassed; mineral deposits are discovered that gave science conceptually new data on geological development of this region. Research conducted by the Geological Committee demonstrated the resource potential of northern territories and raised the question on the need for their inclusion into economic development of the country, which became an important factor for further development of the European North of Russia.

scholarly journals Shipbuilding of the Azov Fleet in 1695-1712 in the Russian historiography

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-106
Author(s):  
Timofei Vladimirovich Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Military Industry ◽  
Shipbuilding Industry ◽  
Voronezh Region ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Military Production

The subject of this article is the assessments of national researchers on various aspects of shipbuilding of the Azov Fleet in 1695-1712. The goal consists in revealing the key issues in development of shipbuilding industry as one of the branches of domestic military production by means of critical analysis and generalization of results of research conducted by the Russian scholars. The author examines the factors  and prerequisites for selecting Voronezh as the center of construction of the Azov fleet, the key stages and evolution of shipbuilding industry and activity in the Voronezh Region, establishment of administrative branches and role of foreign experts thereof,  results of shipbuilding of the Azov Fleet and its impact upon further development of shipbuilding industry in Russia. The novelty of this study consists in analysis of the works of national researchers dedicated to shipbuilding of the Azov Fleet for covering the problem of establishment of shipbuilding sectors of the Russian military industry, clarifying and generalizing debating points on the subject matter. The article describes the influence of the conditions of shipbuilding of the Azov Fleet upon the course of shipbuilding works and the image of forming shipbuilding industry. The factors of institutionalization of shipbuilding industry, the course of development of the first shipbuilding cluster in Russia, as well as the results of short-term and long-term shipbuilding activity of are revealed.

scholarly journals The history of the world's first icebreaker “Yermak” and the significance of its first expeditions to explore the Arctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-350
Author(s):  
Halyna Davydovska ◽  
Oleksiy Petruchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Yanin
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Further Development

In this article, the authors tried to consider and structure the stages of development and creation of the “Yermak”, the world's first Arctic icebreaker, and analyzed the stages of preparation and the results of its first expeditions to explore the Arctic. Systematic analysis of historical sources and biographical material allowed to separate and comprehensively consider the conditions and prehistory for the development and creation of “Yermak” icebreaker. Also, the authors gave an assessment to the role of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov in those events, and analyzed the role of Sergei Yulyevich Witte, Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev and Pyotr Petrovich Semenov-Tian-Shansky in the preparation and implementation of the first Arctic expeditions of the “Yermak”icebreaker. In addition, the authors considered and analyzed the assessment of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov and his personal contribution to the results of the first Arctic expeditions of the “Yermak”icebreaker made by Baron Ferdinand von Wrangel. The first polar expeditions showed that the idea of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov about the icebreaker fleet was viable and required further development. It is shown that the results of the first Arctic expeditions made by “Yermak” allowed to significantly develop knowledge in various scientific fields of Arctic and Earth research, namely, topography, astronomy, meteorology, hydrology, geology, magnetism, zoology, and botany. The use of these methods and approaches to scientific research allowed to retrace the way of life and professional activity of Vice Admiral Stepan Osypovych Makarov’s systematically and critically evaluate the sources used, highlight the main points in the current state of studying the subject and the results of predecessors, specify the most promising directions of research, give a description of the previous works on this issue and clearly distinguish issues that have not yet been resolved.

scholarly journals USA and Russia: 210 Years of Diplomatic Relations and International Communication

2017 ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р. Райнхардт ◽  
R. Raynhardt
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
The Us ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

The article is dedicated to the 210th anniversary of establishment of diplomatic relations between the United States of America and Russia and casts light upon their genesis and development. It provides an acute insight into the key issues of US-Russian agenda within a time span of more than 200 years. Along with giving a holistic picture of the subject, the author focuses on specific cases crucial for understanding the current geopolitical juncture shaped by the interaction of the two nations. With an emphasis on differences in political culture, he outlines the important role of cross-cultural communication within the framework of the respective cases. The findings derived from the historical analysis give grounds for a certain degree of optimism in terms of further development of the relationship between the US and Russia.

scholarly journals AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE KEMEROVO REGION: MODERN CONDITION AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Елена Федулова ◽  
Elena Fedulova ◽  
Светлана Кононова ◽  
Svetlana Kononova ◽  
Никита Вакутин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Modern Condition

The subject. The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of agriculture as a branch of the economy of the Kemerovo region and to the identification of the prospects for its further development. The goal and tasks. The paper features the tendencies of the development of agriculture in the Kemerovo region. It asserts the role of agriculture in the economy of the region. The methodology. The research involves scientific methods of obtaining knowledge (retrospective and comparative analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), allowing one to obtain reliable and valid results of the study. The results. The paper analyses the structure of agricultural products in terms of categories of farms and nomenclature over the past five years. It estimates the dynamics of the development of agriculture in the region, namely, the production of poultry and livestock, the size of cultivated areas, and the number of livestock. Positive trends in the development of the industry have been singled out, as well as problems interfering with the development of agriculture in the Kuzbass. The article describes the measures implemented within the framework of the Strategy of Social and Economic Development of the Kemerovo Region until 2025 in the field of agricultural management. The conclusions and significance. The study has made it possible to identify the key problems of the development of the Kuzbass agricultural sector, including management problems on the farms, and to propose measures to improve the efficiency of agriculture in the region.

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