scholarly journals Antidermatophytic, the anticancer and antioxidant activity of Cassia alata ethanolic extract and its phytochemical analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 838-845
Author(s):  
Sujatha J ◽  
Rajeshkumar S ◽  
Lakshmi T
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
Stomach Pain

Cassia alata is used traditionally to cure various diseases like ulcers, stomach pain and fever. The potential of antidermatophytic, free radical scavenging and cytotoxic activity of ethanol leaves extracts of C. alata was studied. The preliminary phytochemical screening assay elucidates that presence of carbohydrates, tannin, phenol, saponin, flavonoid, steroid, terpenoids, glycosides, and alkaloids. Further phytochemical extraction was done by GC-MS, HPLC and FTIR. GC-MS analysis confirms that the presence of two major compounds namely Hexadecanoic acid and Oleic acid with four minor compounds. HPLC techniques revealed that the presence of two major compounds observed in two different retention time. FTIR spectrum revealed that the presence of carboxylic groups, alkanes, aldehydes and aliphatic amines in the ethanol extract of C. alata leaves. Cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract was assayed at different concentrations like 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml against human epithelial carcinoma (A431). At100 μg/ml of ethanol concentration, 93.26±5.44 (%) and 82.45±2.44 (%) percentage of cancer cells were inhibited by ethanol extract and standard drug, respectively. Microscopic images of cancer cells treated with ethanol extract confirm the morphological changes and shrinkages of cells leads to cell death. These results were suggesting that Cassia alata exhibit high potential antioxidant, antidermatophytic and cytotoxic activity and also it could serve as alternative new resources for manufacturing new drugs against newly evaluating diseases.

scholarly journals Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. Extract Exerts Anticancer Activity on Lung Cancer Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Mahendra Kumar Chouhan ◽  
Pramod Jayadevappa Hurakadle ◽  
Harsha Vasudev Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Antitumor Properties

Cancer is the leading cause of death word wide. Recently there are no new drugs for safe and efficient treatment. Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (Verbenaceae) plant is being used by the ethnic people for cancer treatment. In this study, cytotoxic and antiproliferative potential of hydroalcoholic (methanol and water; 70:30 v/v) extract of C. inerme were evaluated. Various anticancer investigations performed like, lung cancer cell A-549 culture, dye exclusion assay, MTT assay, morphological changes and compatibility with RBC, confirmed the presence of the moiety that have the cytotoxic and antiproliferative potential. Compatibility with RBC was observed, when treated with standard drug doxorubicin, and hydroalcoholic extract of C. inerme at 259.5 μg/ml concentration (IC50). In addition, the same treatment reveled, decrease in cytotoxic efficacy and cell viability against lung cancer cells. Furthermore, change in the cell morphology also suggesting potent antitumor properties of C. inerme. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(2): 191-196, 2018 (December)

Pharmacognostical fingerprinting and selective bioactivity studies of Solanum glaucophyllum Desf.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindya Sundar Ray ◽  
Suman Kalyan Mandal ◽  
Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Crude Drugs ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Solanum glaucophyllum Desf. (Solanaceae) is traditionally used for curing several health conditions in both human and domesticated animals. There is no data available regarding pharmacognostic standardization and pharmacological activity of this less known medicinal plant. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to prepare pharmacognostic fingerprints of crude drugs obtained from the leaf and stem parts of S. glaucophyllum. Apart from this detailed phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies have also been carried out. Pharmacognostic study revealed that the leaves are amphistomatic and stomata are strictly of anisocytic type. Values of stomatal index, palisade ratio, ash content of the investigated parts are found distinct and can be used as pharmacognostic standards for evaluation of crude drugs of this medicinal plant. Phytochemical studies of the leaf and stem parts indicated that phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids are present in quite impressible amount. Curcumin content in stem was found very high through HPLC analysis. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the stem part showed significant antioxidant potential. Ethanol extract of stem produced maximum inhibition zone (11mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of 50 mg/ml among five test microorganisms. Some pharmacognostic features recorded in this study as diagnostic ones will help in proper identification of this ethnomedicinal plant in its fresh as well as dried form. On the other hand preliminary phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies highlight the S. glaucophyllum as a promising candidate for bioprospecting.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PIPER BETLE L. LEAVES IN CATFISH, CLARIAS GARIEPINUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha S ◽  
Parthasarathi Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ic50 Values

 Objective: The present study was undertaken to assess the α-amylase inhibitory activity and antidiabetic experimental catfish model and antioxidant properties of Piper betle L. ethanolic (PBE) extract.Methods: The phytochemical analysis of PBE extract was performed. The PBE extract was tested for their inhibitory effect on the α-amylase assay, which compared to the control, acarbose. The absorbance was read at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer, and IC50 values were calculated. In this present investigation, diabetes mellitus was induced in catfish, Clarias gariepinus by epaxial musculature injection to glucose and standard drug, Metformin hydrochloride. After 24-h incubation, the treated fishes were dissected, and the blood, liver, tissue samples, and epaxial musculature regions were collected. In addition, the antioxidant properties of PBE were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging (ABTS) assays.Results: The phytochemical screening of PBE revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoids, tannins, phenol, glycosides, sterols, saponins, and quinines. Furthermore, the values of (μg/ml) 3.038 and 7.672 α-amylase enzyme inhibition were excellent activity when compared to the acarbose. Moreover, elevated the glucose level (mg/dl) was estimated in blood 1.9±0.35, liver 0.5±0.25, tissue 0.2±0.25, and epaxial musculature 0.8±0.2 after 24-h incubation. The antioxidant effect of maximum activity was found in PBE; IC50 values (μg/ml) of DPPH and ABTS were 9.362 and 6.606, respectively.Conclusions: These studies might be responsible for the P. betle L. that was used as the new source of antidiabetic and antioxidant agents. 

Pharmacognostic and antidysentery screening of mixed ethanol leaf extract of Parkia biglobosa and Acanthus montanus (50:50)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 017-039
Author(s):  
Felix Ngozichukwuka Osuala ◽  
Kehinde Shogo Fagbenja ◽  
Philippe PE Mounmbegna
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Faecal Consistency

Introduction: Parkia biglobosa belong to the family mimosaceae and Acanthus montanus belong to the family acanthaceae. The plants both have a multipurpose use as herbal medicine. Aim: This work investigate the pharmacognostic standard and anti-dysentery activity of the mixed ethanol extract of both plants on E. histolytical induced dysentery. Method: The phytochemical, chemo microscopy and proximate analysis were carried out using the standard procedures. The mixed extract of ratio 50:50 was administered to different groups of rats at different doses. Loperamide was administered as standard drug. The change in faecal consistency was observed and recorded. Result: The phytochemical analysis shows the presence of alkaloids, tannins, proteins, glycosides and carbohydrates. Chemomicroscopy of both plants showed the presence of starch, calcium oxalate, lignin, cellulose. While the extractive value analysis gave 25.0% and 32.7% for water extractive value and ethanol extractive value respectively (for Acanthus montanus) and 23.0% and 30.0% for water extractive value and ethanol extractive value respectively (for Parkiabiglobosa). The absence of death at 5000mg/kg of the extract shows that the lethal dose of the ethanol extract of the plant mixture is higher than 5000mg/kg which may be an indication of safety of the mixture. The anti-dysentery activity of the mixture of both plants with different concentration of 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 1000mg/kg body weight of ethanol extract showed a significant change in the faecal consistency of the rats. The effect obtained on the administration of 500mg/kg body weight of the extract mixture is more comparable to the standard (loperamide). Conclusion: The synergistic use of the extract contains the secondary metabolites glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, which may be responsible for their anti-dysentery synergistic activity. Mixed extracts from both leaves of P. biglobosa and A. montanus can be recommended as an anti-dysentery agent.

Comparison of ameliorative effects of Taraxacum syriacum and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Eshrati ◽  
Mahvash Jafari ◽  
Saeed Gudarzi ◽  
Afshen Nazari ◽  
Esmaeil Samizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Abstract Taraxacum syriacum (TS) with natural antioxidant and pharmacological activities may be considered for treatment of oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the ethanol extract of TS root against hepatorenal toxicity induced by APAP in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a standard drug. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control group; APAP (1 g/kg) group; APAP–NAC (160 mg/kg) group and APAP-TS100 and APAP-TS200 groups: APAP plus 100 and 200 mg/kg of TS extract, respectively. After 7 days treatment, serum and liver and kidney tissues were prepared and evaluated. TS extract ameliorated the increased lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in liver and kidney of APAP-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with the TS extract caused significant reduction in the histopathological damages and high levels of serum biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions after APAP treatment. This study suggests that the extract of TS roots has dose-dependent ameliorative effect against APAP-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The overall efficacy of the extract at 200 mg/kg dose is comparable with NAC.

scholarly journals ­Chemical profiling and biological activity of Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa M. Al-Madhagi ◽  
Najihah Mohd Hashim ◽  
Nasser A. Awad Ali ◽  
Abeer A. Alhadi ◽  
Siti Nadiah Abdul Halim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mcf 7

Background Peperomia belongs to the family of Piperaceae. It has different uses in folk medicine and contains rare compounds that have led to increased interest in this genus. Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth is used as an injury disinfectant by Yemeni people. In addition, the majority of Yemen’s population still depend on the traditional remedy for serious diseases such as cancer, inflammation and infection. Currently, there is a deficiency of scientific evidence with regards to the medicinal plants from Yemen. Therefore, this study was performed to assess the chemical profile and in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of P. blanda. Methods Chemical profiling of P. blanda was carried out using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) followed by isolation of bioactive compounds by column chromatography. DPPH• and FRAP assays were used to evaluate antioxidant activity and the MTT assay was performed to estimate the cytotoxicity activity against three cancer cell lines, namely MCF-7, HL-60 and WEHI-3, and three normal cell lines, MCF10A, WRL-68 and HDFa. Results X-ray crystallographic data for peperomin A is reported for the first time here and N,N′-diphenethyloxamide was isolated for the first time from Peperomia blanda. Methanol and dichloromethane extracts showed high radical scavenging activity with an IC50 of 36.81 ± 0.09 µg/mL, followed by the dichloromethane extract at 61.78 ± 0.02 µg/mL, whereas the weak ferric reducing activity of P. blanda extracts ranging from 162.2 ± 0.80 to 381.5 ± 1.31 µg/mL were recorded. In addition, petroleum ether crude extract exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against all the tested cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 9.54 ± 0.30, 4.30 ± 0.90 and 5.39 ± 0.34 µg/mL, respectively. Peperomin A and the isolated mixture of phytosterol (stigmasterol and β-sitosterol) exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and WE-HI cell lines with an IC50 of (5.58 ± 0.47, 4.62 ± 0.03 µg/mL) and (8.94 ± 0.05, 9.84 ± 0.61 µg/mL), respectively, compared to a standard drug, taxol, that has IC50 values of 3.56 ± 0.34 and 1.90 ± 0.9 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion The activities of P. blanda extracts and isolated compounds recorded in this study underlines the potential that makes this plant a valuable source for further study on anticancer and antioxidant activities.

In Vitro Tracing of Cytotoxic Compounds in Jarak Cina Stem Bark (Jatropha Multifida Linn.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sista Werdyani ◽  
Annisa Fitria ◽  
Sari Rakhmawati
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Jatropha Multifida ◽  
Mcf 7

Cancer remains one of the diseases with increasing number of sufferers, but research on compounds that act as anti-cancer is also ongoing. Terpenoids have been known as a compound that can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. One of the medical plants that produce terpenoids is Jarak cina (Jatropha multifida Linn.). Therefore, the possibility of Jarak cina (Jatropha multifida Linn.) to have an cytotoxic activity on cancer cell proliferation is reasonably high. This study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic activity of Jarak cina (Jatropha multifida Linn.) bark extracts against cancer cell MCF-7. Jarak cina bark was extracted using the multilevel soxhlet extraction method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as the solvents. All the three extracts were then tested against MCF-7 cancer cells using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) - 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Data analysis was performed for IC50 (ppm) parameter. The results showed that the IC50 of n-hexane extract was 313.21 ppm, while the ethyl acetate extract reached 258.38 ppm of IC50, and the IC50 of ethanol extract was 418.51 ppm. The highest potential of cytotoxicity was found in the ethyl acetate extract, so further testing would be required to optimize the proliferation inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Test of Fraction of Gaharu Leaves (Aquilaria Malaccensis) on Cervic Cancer Cells (Hela Cells) Using MTT Assay Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1624-1631
Author(s):  
Aris Suhardiman ◽  
Asep Ramdani ◽  
Dewi Kurnia ◽  
Aiyi Asnawi
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis

Cervical cancer is one type of cancer that attacks women in both developed and developing countries. Cancer can arise from cell division errors or DNA damage from certain environmental exposures that cause free radicals as a factor of cancer cells. The agarwood plant (Aquilaria malaccensis  Lam) has been known by society as a health tea ingredient. The content of compounds contained in tea is believed to have anti-cancer and antioxidant activity. In previous studies found some of the active compound ingredients contained in the leaves of agarwood, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoid, saponins and tannins. Tests that have been done previously that agarwood plants have good cytotoxic activity against cancer cells MCF-7 from one of the fractions, the n-hexane fraction. In this study, another cytotoxic potential test was carried out from aloe plants on other cancer cells, namely HeLa cells. Extraction was carried out by the Soxhletation method using 96% ethanol solvent, then fractionated with n-hexane solvent, ethyl asetate, and methanol: water. The MTT assay method is used to test the cytotoxic activity of sample research on cell cultures used. Measurements were performed using an ELISA reader at 550 nm wavelength. The results showed that the IC50 values of the four samples tested were ethanol extract (299,506 µg / ml), n-hexane fraction (120,913 µg / ml), ethyl acetate fraction (3490,476 µg / ml) and methanol fraction: water (294,060 µg) / ml). from extracts and fractions it is known that the highest value is shown by the n-hexane fraction in the moderately active/moderate category.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Hafiza Tuseef Sayyar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The current study is designed to investigate the phytochemical screening and to examine the potential antimicrobial, antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus. The ethanol extract of C. flexouses and C. reticulatus seeds were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening for the confirmation of various phytochemicals and their total phenolic and flavonoid content is verified by the colorimetric method. Subsequently, antimicrobial activity of both extracts at the concentration of (25, 50, 100 mg/ml) against various microbial organisms was evaluated via the disc diffusion method by measuring zone of inhibition and estimating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antioxidant activity was assessed by ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and DPPH free radical scavenging method. The ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses showed maximum antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus (29.0±0.05mm), Bacillus subtilis (17.0±0.02 mm) followed by gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (22.0±0.05 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.04±0.34mm) respectively at 100mg/ ml concentration as compared to standard drug. Moreover, both the extracts showed no activity against fungal species Candida albicans. Similarly, significant antioxidant effects at 100mg/ml concentration (1.17±0.025) were also observed by FTC and (1.09±0.017) by DPPH method. The result of the current study depicts that ethanol extract of C. flexouses seeds possess significant in-vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant effects as compared to C. reticulatus seed extract and could be a good substitute for many infectious diseases

scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging and In vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Bugnay (Antidesma bunius) Leaves Extract against A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma and HCT-116 Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Arnold Joseph O. Geronimo ◽  
Mari Erika Joi F. Bancual ◽  
Karl Anthony L. Ko ◽  
Lycon Marie L. Soliba ◽  
Jeric John C. Ildefonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hct 116

Cancer is one of the significant causes of mortality worldwide. Studies on antineoplastic drugs focused on natural products have revealed several mechanisms to inhibit cancer cells. Bugnay (Antidesma bunius) leaves showed potentials due to its activity observed against brine shrimp and breast cancer cells. However, there is still limited knowledge about its activity against other human cancer cells. This study focused on determining the phytochemical compounds in A. bunius leaves extract, the free radical scavenging activity of the extract using the Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and in vitro cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines, namely HCT-116 human colorectal and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cancer cell lines by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The phytochemicals identified were unsaturated lactones, flavonoids, phenolics, diterpenes, saponins, tannins, carbohydrates, and reducing sugars. The extract showed significant free radical scavenging activity and a direct correlation of activity with concentration levels. It also exhibited cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 human colorectal and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma. Hence, A. bunius leaves have the potential to be a source of antioxidant and antineoplastic compounds. This warrant further isolation of the compounds for chemotherapeutic purposes.Keywords: Antidesma bunius, Bugnay, Cancer, Cytotoxicity, Radical

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