scholarly journals Innovations in the lexicographic description of the Ukrainian worldview

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Artistic Heritage ◽  
Combined Work ◽  
Common Understanding

The article presents the latest methodology of systematic lexicographic description of the Ukrainian worldview of the second half of the XX – beginning of the XXI centuries, on the basis of which lexicographers of the Institute of Ukrainian Language of the NAS of Ukraine compile a new explanatory dictionary of creative personalities. The dictionary contains a consolidated lexicon and artistic means of language of the leading Ukrainian writers, publicists and translators (Oles Honchar, Yevhen Sverstyuk, Hryhor Tyutyunnyk, Ivan Dziuba, Mykola Lukash, Yuriy Andrukhovych, Oksana Zabuzhko), which provides perspective modeling of the language and conceptual picture of the world, research of idiosyncrasies of creative personalities, elucidation of laws of language and society development. The dictionary is innovative in terms of register and lexicographic methods of systematic vocabulary description. It presents the vocabulary of the era of totalitarianism and the post-totalitarian period, which is not evidenced by explanatory dictionaries. For the lexicographic reproduction of the conceptual dominants of these periods, a system of hyperlinks between dictionary entries compiled from the works of different authors was used. The dictionary combines information about the individual author's worldview and the common understanding of the key concepts of the era by writers. Innovative introduction of culturological and encyclopedic information provides a lexicographic description of the achievements of Ukrainian language creation against the background of universal cultural values. In the future, it is possible to make a systematic lexicographic description of lexical and artistic heritage of the latest Ukrainian writers, the formation of a dictionary of the active type, a common ideographic dictionary. The combined work of the Ukrainian academic lexicographers provides macroscientific research on the development of language and society, deepening the theory of lexicology, lexicography, derivatology, linguoculturology, linguosociology, stylistics, development of the theory of integrated linguistic research.

scholarly journals Reflecting national identity in universal concepts

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Larisa Nikolaevna Aleshina ◽  
Irina Aleksandrovna Zaytseva ◽  
Evgeniy Sergeevich Smakhtin ◽  
Elena Anatolyevna Gilovaya ◽  
Svetlana Sergeevna Lapshina
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Linguistic Unit ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Common Understanding

The issue of reflecting national mentality in the linguistic worldview continues to be relevant as each people has its own specific mindset and common mood related to moral and ethical features of its formation. The article describes a national concept as a complete combination of thought, religions, cultural traditions, folklore that form a conceptual sphere of a language. Therefore, studying the reflection of national identity in the concepts seems to be essential, as the concept itself is a key category in linguistic research of viewing the world through language. The main purpose of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of conceptual spheres of the Russian and English languages. To achieve this purpose we set several tasks: to characterize peculiarities of expressing the key concepts sovest’/conscience, dobro/good, pravda/truth, krasota/beauty in speech; to identify extralinguistic factors fostering common understanding of the conceptual spheres being analyzed in the Russian and English linguistic worldviews. The article uses a complex research methodology, which combines descriptive and analytical methods, as well as the opposition technique and structural and semantic analysis of a word. The paper concludes that only those connotations of the concepts that become a symbol referring to a certain perspective of national mentality are ethnoculturally essential. In the conceptual spheres of English and Russian, key notions defining value systems of these cultures play a significant role. Evolution of material and spiritual culture is reflected in a concept as a single linguistic unit.

scholarly journals Human as a phenomenon of unity of corporeal and spiritual in various-system languages (based on the material of euphemisms in the English and Buryat languages)

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Oyuna Tsydendambaeva ◽  
Olga Dorzheeva
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
The Body ◽  
Linguistic Expression ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common

This article is dedicated to the examination of euphemisms in the various-system languages – English and Buryat that contain view of the world by a human, and the ways of their conceptualization. Euphemisms remain insufficiently studied. Whereupon, examination of linguistic expression of the key concepts of culture is among the paramount programs of modern linguistics, need for the linguoculturological approach towards analysis of euphemisms in the languages, viewing it in light of the current sociocultural transformations, which are refer to euphemisms and values reflected by them. The subject of this research is the euphemisms in the English and Buryat languages, representing the semiosphere “corporeal and spiritual”. The scientific novelty consists in introduction of the previously unexamined euphemism in Buryat language that comprise semiosphere “corporeal and spiritual” into the scientific discourse. The analysis of language material testifies to the fact that in various cultures the topic of intimacy and sex is euphemized differently. The lexis indicating the intimate parts of the body is vividly presented in the West, while in Buryat language – rather reserved. The author also determines the common, universal, and nationally marked components elucidating the linguistic worldview of different ethnoses and cultures.

Website Designs as an Indicator of Globalization

2011 ◽  
pp. 124-158
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Website Design ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common

As the first application chapter, this chapter compares the cultural and rhetorical elements of websites around the world, showing strong correlation between website designs and the larger cultural values of the host culture. In this application, the chapter defines and operationalizes the units of analysis for website design, connecting websites to the common human thresholds of interaction.

Ethics and Reality

1998 ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Alison Roberts Miculan
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Ethical Theory ◽  
Alasdair Macintyre ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Good For ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

One of the most pervasive problems in theoretical ethics has been the attempt to reconcile the good for the individual with the good for all. It is a problem which appears in contemporary discussions (like those initiated by Alasdair MacIntyre in After Virtue) as a debate between emotivism and rationalism, and in more traditional debates between relativism and absolutism. I believe that a vital cause of this difficulty arises from a failure to ground ethics in metaphysics. It is crucial, it seems to me, to begin with "the way the world is" before we begin to speculate about the way it ought to be. And, the most significant "way the world is" for ethics is that it is individuals in community. This paper attempts to develop an ethical theory based solidly on Whitehead’s metaphysics, and to address precisely the problem of the relation between the good for the individual and the common good, in such a way as to be sympathetic to both.

scholarly journals Justifying Limitations on the Freedom of Expression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gehan Gunatilleke
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
National Security ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Proportionality Test ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The freedom of expression is vital to our ability to convey opinions, convictions, and beliefs, and to meaningfully participate in democracy. The state may, however, ‘limit’ the freedom of expression on certain grounds, such as national security, public order, public health, and public morals. Examples from around the world show that the freedom of individuals to express their opinions, convictions, and beliefs is often imperilled when states are not required to meet a substantial justificatory burden when limiting such freedom. This article critiques one of the common justificatory approaches employed in a number of jurisdictions to frame the state’s burden to justify limitations on the freedom of expression—the proportionality test. It presents a case for an alternative approach that builds on the merits and addresses some of the weaknesses of a typical proportionality test. This alternative may be called a ‘duty-based’ justificatory approach because it requires the state to demonstrate—through the presentation of publicly justifiable reasons—that the individual concerned owes others a duty of justice to refrain from the expressive conduct in question. The article explains how this approach is more normatively compelling than a typical proportionality test. It also illustrates how such an approach can better constrain the state’s ability to advance majoritarian interests or offload its positive obligations by limiting the freedom of expression of minorities and dissenting voices.

scholarly journals Autonomi er noget vi giver hinanden

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-139
Author(s):  
Christian Juul Busch
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Assisted Dying ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Mutual Obligation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Understanding

The concept of autonomy is essential in the discussion of assisted dying. In this chapter I will endeavour to nuance the concept of autonomy towards also encompassing an essential element of mutual commitment. Thus, the chapter will emphasise the importance of strengthening a nuanced concept of autonomy that I consider to be essential. Therefore, I will try to take the argument about the individual’s right to decide over his or her own life as a starting point to investigate autonomy and assisted dying. In the common understanding of autonomy, the mutual obligation towards the community seems to be reduced in favour of the individual’s right to decide for himself/herself. I will illustrate this aspect with an example from the world of cinema, Bille August’s Stille hjerte (Silent Heart).

scholarly journals Subversion - The Secret Power of the Message Enlaced with the Power of the Internet and Information Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Demush Bajrami ◽  
Arburim Iseni ◽  
Anesa Topko
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Age Of Information

Subversion! Is it the symbol of invisibility, or the symbol of the secret power? What does it represent, the ability to carry the messages secretly, or the power to change the world? What are the ideas or objects that subversion challenges? The authority, people, tradition, institution, or the whole of humanity. Can it be considered as a way to brainwash or as a means to manipulate the thoughts and opinions of people? Is the power used by people to hide their feelings from others, be subversive? Is it the point where the change and progress meet? There are a lot of numerous and different questions that can be born from just a simple word subversion. At first glance, we think it is something simple, but its true meaning has power and many methods of expression. The whole idea and aim of subversion are to overthrow the existing state or situation and bring a functioning or desired change. It also supports the idea of staying behind and moving by one's own beliefs and choices. One of the common ways that we are exposed to subversive messages is through advertisements for different products, and the messages they carry on. Because of them, our subconscious mind is made to believe and desire things that we do not truly need or want. In the age of information technology and social media, subversive messages are carried much easier and shaped based on the characteristics of target audiences. Nowadays, advertisement and political campaigns directly respond to the individual requirements of target audiences, making their messages much more acceptable and influential.

scholarly journals Stylistic Portrait of English Fantasy Texts (Based on Jordan’s The Eye of the World, Martin’s A Game of Thrones, Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone, and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Glinka ◽  
Yuliia Zaichenko ◽  
Anastasiia Machulianska
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Fantasy Novels ◽  
The Common ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
American Authors ◽  
Game Of Thrones

The paper is focused on stylistic features of English fantasy texts. The research materials include four fantasy novels written by British and American authors of the late 20th century: Jordan’s The Eye of the World, Martin’s A Game of Thrones, Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone, and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. The research question of the study lies in need to systematize expressive means and stylistic devices used in the texts and distinguish the common stylistic features of English fantasy texts. To do this, the researchers implement the notion of a stylistic portrait of English fantasy text, and the main aim of the paper is to provide its definition and description. The study employed the complex of linguistic research methods, including analysis and generalization of theoretical sources, contextual analysis and the elements of quantitative analysis of linguistic units used in the texts. Based on three essential aspects of a stylistic portrait, the paper shows that the English fantasy texts are characterized by the dominance of expressive means and stylistic devices at the syntactic level of language. In addition, the researchers identified the most productive stylistically marked linguistic units at each level of language correlated with the semantic field within which they functioned, and studied connotative dominants in these texts.

Education Of Moral Culture Of Student Youth In The Conditions Of Polycultural Space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Bondarenko ◽  
Yevhen Rozdymakha ◽  
Lyudmila Oderiy ◽  
Anatoly Rozdymakha ◽  
Dilyana Arsova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Moral Culture ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
The World ◽  
Children’S Views ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Material Values ◽  
The University

Problems of morality have not lost significance in all times of human existence, but contained different accents in social manifestations. Modern anthropocentric tendencies of social life have also changed value orientations, because material values, human self-presentation in society, the desire for recognition as a manifestation of self-worth, somewhat level the spiritual, moral and ethical, cultural values. Therefore, consideration of the tasks of educating the moral culture of in a multicultural space is significant, especially today. The education of the moral culture of student youth in the spirit of universal ideals begins in early childhood, which is an important stage in human development. After all, at this time the necessary skills begin to form, such as: thinking, conscious perception of the world around and one’s own place in it, communication with other people. The task of moral culture of student youth in a multicultural space is to build a process of transformation of socially significant norms, principles governing relationships, universal moral values into individual qualities and the formation on this basis of children’s views and beliefs. The main attention is paid to emphasizing the importance of educating the moral culture of youth at the university in a multicultural space. The paper analyzes the scientific literature on the need for the process of educating the moral culture of youth at the university in a multicultural space. Methodical recommendations on successful education of moral culture of youth at the university in multicultural space are offered. It is concluded that the education of moral culture of student youth in a multicultural space is an organic part of the inner world of man and the world around him. This process determines the ethical, aesthetic, ideological values and norms, traditions, habits of the individual. It is manifested in lifestyle, behavior, thinking, attitude to work, the environment. Education of moral culture of student youth in the conditions of multicultural space in education is called to prevent formation of the one-dimensional person.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC ABILITIES FOR MASTERING FOREIGN LANGUAGES IN STUDENT TRANSLATORS WITHIN SIOP MODEL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Yefymenko ◽  
◽  
Viktoria Maistrenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Development Of Language ◽  
Linguistic Intuition ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of the paper is to identify linguistic abilities to master foreign languages in students-translators. This research was conducted based on the methods and methodology of observation, comparison, analysis, functional and descriptive methods. In order to solve this problem, the achievements of linguistics, sociolinguistics, psychology, psycholinguistics, methods of teaching foreign languages were analyzed, as the study of the phenomenon of linguistics ability is based on them. Linguistic ability includes some specific abilities such as foreign language ability, language guessing, language intuition and communication skills. The result is the formation of a linguistic personality, in particular, the bilingual personality of the translator in a dialogue that has the ability and skills to use the language in all its manifestations in different situations of intercultural communication; the ability to understand and assimilate someone else's way of life and behavior in order to break ingrained stereotypes; skills to expand the individual picture of the world by involving in the "language picture of the world" speakers of the studied language. Value/originality. The development of language abilities is possible on the basis of individualization, differentiation of the learning process and increasing motivation for learning a language. It is necessary to clarify that the presence of communication skills, linguistic intuition and ability to languages is absolutely not enough for a full-fledged foreign language communication, and even more so for characterizing a secondary linguistic personality, in fact, its development is the leading goal of teaching a foreign language for translation students. Linguistic giftedness and ability for languages are only a prerequisite for the formation of intercultural competence and the development of a secondary linguistic personality.

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