scholarly journals Moving with the times: evolution of Buttabean Motivation – a community-based, Pacific-centred approach to health

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 556-559
Author(s):  
Fa’asisila Savila ◽  
Anele Bamber ◽  
Matire Harwood ◽  
Dave Letele ◽  
Warwick Bagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
District Health ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times

Buttabean Motivation (BBM) is a grassroot initiative aiming to improve Pasifika and M?ori health through free community bootcamps offering exercise, motivation and nutritional advices, and with online programmes of workouts and meal plans. It is a dynamic organisation, responding to community needs,  providing practical solutions to issues such as food insecurity and influenza vaccination while maintaining its core focus of reducing obesity among Pasifika and M?ori through nutrition and physical activity.. BBM forms active and changing relationships with numerous organisations that offer support. They would like to work with the government and the district health boards, but the structure and changing nature of their organisation does not fit traditional funding models. To show that BBM is effective for Pacific people beyond anecdotal evidence, BBM has partnered with University of Auckland researchers. The research team are using a kaupapa M?ori and co-design approach to explore how BBM might benefit the community and reduce health inequities, especially whether BBM’s model of social collectivism enables sustainable weight loss for Pasifika and M?ori in the current obesogenic environment. Weight reduction programmes typically find that after initial success, participants have reverted to pre-programme weight by five years. BBM’s “whole of life change” approach may lead to sustained weight loss not demonstrated by other programmes. Using co-design, a BBM/University of Auckland partnership is evaluating the effectiveness of the BBM programme for sustained health and wellbeing. BBM is grounded in the Pacific/indigenous health frameworks fonofale, te whare tapa wh? and fa’afaletui addressing physical, mental, spiritual, family and social health in the context of people’s lives. The research will use a longitudinal cohort approach study design, using metrics and outcomes of relevance to its participants and the programme. A systems analysis will facilitate understanding of the strengths and challenges to delivering a holistic and sustained service for the community. BBM provides much promise in reducing health inequities for Pasifika and M?ori, however the model creates challenges for ongoing funding, business structure and evaluation. The goal is to find ways that both the programme and social institutions, including funders and evaluators, can adapt to meet these real-world challenges.

scholarly journals KURIKULUM 2013 UNTUK TOTAL QUALITY EDUCATION DI INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilmi Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times

The issue of improving the quality of education has always been the focusof the various stakeholders in education. One of the objectives is to prepare learning outcomes (LO) that have competitiveness with their competitors. In addition, also to prepare the LO has the power sanding so that it can be in harmony with the era that has entered this disruptive era. The paper is intended to see how the policy relevance of the government to address the problem. The author uses a management approach in reviewing existing data. This paper uses literature review and is reinforced with data from the field. The results of this paper are several facts - including the following alternative facts: the government through the Ministry of Education with the policy of Curriculum 2013 and Kemenristek Dikti through the Presidential Decree on the Indonesian National Qualification Framework (KKNI) began to make efforts to improve education. There is a paradigm shift, previously focused only on cognitive development, or already towards the affective and psychomotor spheres but still very minimal, and unstructured evaluation, is now more systematic to achieve not only the cognitive, but affective, psychomotor sphere by considering multiple intelligence. Based on these facts it can be concluded that there is a match between education and community needs, so that the crisis of moral decadence, the competence of hope can be overcome. On the same side, the 2013 curriculum is nothing but a government instrument to control the quality of education that is oriented towards quality assurance. Finally, the government -designed education is expected to encourage LOs capable of competence, competitiveness and sanding power that is in harmony with the times. Isu perbaikan mutu pendidikan selalu menjadi fokus dari pelbagaipemangku kepentingan dalam pendidikan. Salah satu tujuannya adalahuntuk penyiapan learning outcomes (LO) yang mempunyai daya saingdengan kompetitornya. Selain itu, juga untuk menyiapkan LO mempunyaidaya sanding sehingga dapat selaras dengan zaman yang sudahmemasuki era disruptif ini. Tulisan ditujukan untuk melihat bagaimanarelevansi kebijakan yang diambil pemerintah untuk mengatasipermasalahan tersebut. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan manajemendalam mengulas data yang ada. Tulisan ini menggunakan kajian pustakadan dikuatkan dengan data dari lapangan. Hasil dari tulisan ini adalahbeberapa fakta –termasuk di dalamnya fakta alternatif sebagai berikut:pemerintah melalui Kementerian Pendidikan dengan kebijakan Kurikulum2013 dan Kemenristek Dikti melalui Kepres tentang Kerangka KualifikasiNasional Indonesia (KKNI) mulai melakukan usaha perbaikan pendidikan.Ada pergeseran paradigma, yang sebelumnya hanya terfokus padapengembangan kognitif, atau sudah menuju ranah afektif dan  psikomotor namun masih sangat minim, dan evaluasi yang tidak terstruktur, saat ini lebih sistematis untuk mencapai tidak hanya ranah kognitif, namun afektif, psikomotor dengan mempertimbangkan multiple intelegence. Berdasarkan fakta tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwasannya sudah ada kesesuaian antara pendidikan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, sehingga krisis dekadensi moral, kompetensi harapannya dapat diatasi. Pada sisi yang sama ;kurikulum 2013 tidak lain sebagai instrumen pemerintah untuk mengkontrol mutu pendidikan yang beorientasi pada jaminan mutu. Terakhir, pendidikan yang didesain pemerintah diharapkan mampu mendorong LO yang mampu mempunyai kompetensi, daya saing dan daya sanding yang selaras dengan zamannya.

HUKUM DAN TEKLOGI SUATU KAJIAN TEORITIS TERHADAP PENOMENA LAYANAN TRANSFORTASI ONLINE

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Aria Dimas Harapan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times

ABSTRACTThe essence of this study describes the theoretical study of the phenomenon transfortation services online. Advances in technology have changed the habits of the people to use online transfortation In fact despite legal protection in the service based services transfortation technological sophistication has not been formed and it became warm conversation among jurists. This study uses normative juridical research. This study found that the first, the Government must accommodate transfotation online phenomenon in the form of rules that provide legal certainty; second, transfortation online as part of the demands of the times based on technology; third, transfortation online as part of the creative economy for economic growth . 

Cytisine as an alternative smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Vili Nosa ◽  
Kotalo Leau ◽  
Natalie Walker
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
The Pacific

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pacific people in New Zealand have one of the highest rates of smoking.  Cytisine is a plant-based alkaloid that has proven efficacy, effectiveness and safety compared to a placebo and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for smoking cessation.  Cytisine, like varenicline, is a partial agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and blocks the rewarding effects of nicotine. Cytisine is naturally found in some plants in the Pacific region, and so may appeal to Pacific smokers wanting to quit. This paper investigates the acceptability of cytisine as a smoking cessation product for Pacific smokers in New Zealand, using a qualitative study design. Methods: In December 2015, advertisements and snowball sampling was used to recruit four Pacific smokers and three Pacific smoking cessation specialists in Auckland, New Zealand. Semi-structured interviews where undertaken, whereby participants were asked about motivations to quit and their views on smoking cessation products, including cytisine (which is currently unavailable in New Zealand). Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, with thematic analysis conducted manually. Findings: Pacific smokers reported wanting to quit for loved ones and family, but did not find currently available smoking cessation products effective. Almost all participants had not previously heard of cytisine, but many of the Pacific smokers were keen to try it. Participants identified with cytisine on a cultural basis (given its natural status), but noted that their use would be determined by the efficacy of the medicine, its cost, side-effects, and accessibility. They were particularly interested in cytisine being made available in liquid form, which could be added to a “smoothie” or drunk as a “traditional tea”.  Participants thought cytisine should be promoted in a culturally-appropriate way, with packaging and advertising designed to appeal to Pacific smokers. Conclusions: Cytisine is more acceptable to Pacific smokers than other smoking cessation products, because of their cultural practices of traditional medicine and the natural product status of cytisine.

scholarly journals The characteristics of behaviour change interventions used among Pacific people: a systematic search and narrative synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amio Matenga-Ikihele ◽  
Judith McCool ◽  
Rosie Dobson ◽  
Fuafiva Fa’alau ◽  
Robyn Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Support ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Narrative Synthesis ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Behaviour Change Interventions ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
The Pacific

Abstract Background Pacific people living in New Zealand, Australia, United States, and the Pacific region continue to experience a disproportionately high burden of long-term conditions, making culturally contextualised behaviour change interventions a priority. The primary aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of behaviour change interventions designed to improve health and effect health behaviour change among Pacific people. Methods Electronic searches were carried out on OVID Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase and SCOPUS databases (initial search January 2019 and updated in January 2020) for studies describing an intervention designed to change health behaviour(s) among Pacific people. Titles and abstracts of 5699 papers were screened; 201 papers were then independently assessed. A review of full text was carried out by three of the authors resulting in 208 being included in the final review. Twenty-seven studies were included, published in six countries between 1996 and 2020. Results Important characteristics in the interventions included meaningful partnerships with Pacific communities using community-based participatory research and ensuring interventions were culturally anchored and centred on collectivism using family or social support. Most interventions used social cognitive theory, followed by popular behaviour change techniques instruction on how to perform a behaviour and social support (unspecified). Negotiating the spaces between Eurocentric behaviour change constructs and Pacific worldviews was simplified using Pacific facilitators and talanoa. This relational approach provided an essential link between academia and Pacific communities. Conclusions This systematic search and narrative synthesis provides new and important insights into potential elements and components when designing behaviour change interventions for Pacific people. The paucity of literature available outside of the United States highlights further research is required to reflect Pacific communities living in New Zealand, Australia, and the Pacific region. Future research needs to invest in building research capacity within Pacific communities, centering self-determining research agendas and findings to be led and owned by Pacific communities.

Justice as a Personal Virtue and Justice as an Institutional Virtue: Mencius’s Confucian Virtue Politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-294
Author(s):  
Yong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Affirmative Answer ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Character Traits ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
The Government

AbstractIt has been widely observed that virtue ethics, regarded as an ethics of the ancient, in contrast to deontology and consequentialism, seen as an ethics of the modern (Larmore 1996: 19–23), is experiencing an impressive revival and is becoming a strong rival to utilitarianism and deontology in the English-speaking world in the last a few decades. Despite this, it has been perceived as having an obvious weakness in comparison with its two major rivals. While both utilitarianism and deontology can at the same time serve as an ethical theory, providing guidance for individual persons and a political philosophy, offering ways to structure social institutions, virtue ethics, as it is concerned with character traits of individual persons, seems to be ill-equipped to be politically useful. In recent years, some attempts have been made to develop the so-called virtue politics, but most of them, including my own (see Huang 2014: Chapter 5), are limited to arguing for the perfectionist view that the state has the obligation to do things to help its members develop their virtues, and so the focus is still on the character traits of individual persons. However important those attempts are, such a notion of virtue politics is clearly too narrow, unless one thinks that the only job the state is supposed to do is to cultivate its people’s virtues. Yet obviously the government has many other jobs to do such as making laws and social policies, many if not most of which are not for the purpose of making people virtuous. The question is then in what sense such laws and social policies are moral in general and just in particular. Utilitarianism and deontology have their ready answers in the light of utility or moral principles respectively. Can virtue ethics provide its own answer? This paper attempts to argue for an affirmative answer to this question from the Confucian point of view, as represented by Mencius. It does so with a focus on the virtue of justice, as it is a central concept in both virtue ethics and political philosophy.

Transforming a global order in New Zealand to reduce health inequities in service provision

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Rawson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Health Initiatives

Abstract St John has been providing service in New Zealand for nearly 140 years since its arrival. It has now close to 4000 staff and nearly 20000 Members and over 8500 volunteers. In New Zealand the major work of St John is its Ambulance service providing front line first responders to crash, medical emergency and other life-threatening situations. St John New Zealand also provides a number of 'Community Health' initiatives focused on strengthening communities and prevention. In recent years St John has recognised that they have not engaged well with Indigenous communities and that their organisation in New Zealand must become skilled and relevant in addressing the needs of the Indigenous people of New Zealand, as they suffer the greater burden of disease and illness than any other population in the country. St John NZ Community and Health Services are embarking on a process of transformation through re-orienting its culture and practice by adopting Public Health approaches and an equity lens over all its programmes. They also have committed to understanding and using Indigenous knowledge to support this re-orientation to most effectively engage and implement programmes that will reduce Indigenous health inequities. This presentation will describe the process by which they will be implementing their strategy for change and highlight best practice for working with Indigenous communities. Key messages Indigenous Knowledge is key to addressing Indigenous Health inequities. Mainstream Public Health can learn from Indigenous Public Health approaches.

scholarly journals Poor-quality antimalarials further health inequities in Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii36-iii47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R Evans ◽  
Colleen R Higgins ◽  
Sarah K Laing ◽  
Phyllis Awor ◽  
Sachiko Ozawa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Research Impact ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Rural Populations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
The Government

Abstract Substandard and falsified medications are a major threat to public health, directly increasing the risk of treatment failure, antimicrobial resistance, morbidity, mortality and health expenditures. While antimalarial medicines are one of the most common to be of poor quality in low- and middle-income countries, their distributional impact has not been examined. This study assessed the health equity impact of substandard and falsified antimalarials among children under five in Uganda. Using a probabilistic agent-based model of paediatric malaria infection (Substandard and Falsified Antimalarial Research Impact, SAFARI model), we examine the present day distribution of the burden of poor-quality antimalarials by socio-economic status and urban/rural settings, and simulate supply chain, policy and patient education interventions. Patients incur US$26.1 million (7.8%) of the estimated total annual economic burden of substandard and falsified antimalarials, including $2.3 million (9.1%) in direct costs and $23.8 million (7.7%) in productivity losses due to early death. Poor-quality antimalarials annually cost $2.9 million to the government. The burden of the health and economic impact of malaria and poor-quality antimalarials predominantly rests on the poor (concentration index −0.28) and rural populations (98%). The number of deaths among the poorest wealth quintile due to substandard and falsified antimalarials was 12.7 times that of the wealthiest quintile, and the poor paid 12.1 times as much per person in out-of-pocket payments. Rural populations experienced 97.9% of the deaths due to poor-quality antimalarials, and paid 10.7 times as much annually in out-of-pocket expenses compared with urban populations. Our simulations demonstrated that interventions to improve medicine quality could have the greatest impact at reducing inequities, and improving adherence to antimalarials could have the largest economic impact. Substandard and falsified antimalarials have a significant health and economic impact, with greater burden of deaths, disability and costs on poor and rural populations, contributing to health inequities in Uganda.

scholarly journals Teachers’ Perception about English as a Medium of Instructions: Evidence from the Government Higher Secondary Schools of Sindh, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-371
Author(s):  
Abul Ala Mukhtar ◽  
Zafarullah Sahito ◽  
Abida Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Medium Of Instruction ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Common People ◽  
British Rule ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

This case study inquires the perceptions and experiences of teachers about the English as a medium of instructions at government higher secondary schools of Warah city of Sindh, Pakistan. It witnesses that a large chunk of the population is diversified to use their provincial or regional languages as destined by socio-political heritage. Because English was remained a paramount part of educational context in Pakistan during British rule. In Sindh, students learn English from their teachers at their schools, who by no means really acquire the required proficiency in the English language. The research design undertaken was qualitative in nature and revolved around the semi structured interviews. English as a medium of instruction has a daunting and remarkable role to set to be set up across the globe. The mother tongue has the supreme role to play in the organized system of social institutions, which has massive resources of linguistics pouring down to the common people in the forms of superb streams of dialects with definite code of syntax, semantics and pragmatism. The extra reading materials with the support of technology, the English lessons can play a pivotal role to give internalization and adaptation of English language as a medium of instruction.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PENYEDIAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA DI PERUMAHAN PURI DINAR MAS SEMARANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Tiasa Adimagistra ◽  
Bitta Pigawati
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
User Perception ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
The Government ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method

Community needs for settlement area, especially in the city of Semarang increase rapidly, so the government in 2005 make a program called 100,000 RSS (Simple Healthy House) to meet those needs. RSS is a settlement with facilities and infrastructure that are inadequate. The construction of facilities and infrastructure of the settlement should refer to the SNI 03-1733-2004 on Procedures for Environmental Planning in Urban Housing. The research objective is to evaluate the facilities and infrastructure based on ISO and user perception in Puri Dinar Mas Semarang. The method which used to analyze are the quantitative descriptive and comparative methods. The descriptive quantitative method is used to identify the availability and existing condition with the user's perception of the infrastructure Puri Dinar Mas, while the comparative descriptive method is used to compare the existing condition with SNI and comparing the user's perception of the condition of housing infrastructure based on the observation. There is a 61% infrastructure is available based on SNI and 70% in good condition. Based on the results of the comparison with SNI only 32% meet the standard. The results of the perception of users 80% are stated that the condition of facilities and infrastructure that exist in this housing is good, meanwhile the comparison of existing condition with the perception of users found that 84% is good, 8% is bad, and the remaining 8% is moderate.

scholarly journals Pacific Regionalism: Historical Anachronism, or Pathway to Future Development?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Elspeth Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Pacific People ◽  
Island States ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Regional Organisations

<p>This study looks at the relevance of regional organisations in the Pacific Island region. It analyses the history of the key regional organisations: the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) and the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS). Since their establishment, there has been extensive criticism of the work of these organisations. This study tests and analyses the issue of legitimacy within supra-national organisations, and questions whether regionalism in the Pacific is an anachronism of the past.  In the Pacific, regionalism puts out a compelling argument for its existence. Throughout the region, small island developing states are spread across the world’s largest ocean. Pacific Island states face many challenges, including: small economies, geographical disadvantages, vulnerability to climate change, varying availability to resources and a diverse range of cultures and languages. Regionalism provides a chance for these island states to influence world policy, build capacity in the region, promote good governance, maintain peaceful neighbourly relations, and create positive development outcomes.  The methodology uses qualitative research of document analysis and semi-structured interviews with key informants. The research claims a social constructivist epistemology and uses an inductive conceptual framework in order to find solutions to the complex challenges of Pacific regionalism.  It was found that regional organisations need to increase their transparency in order to enhance their legitimacy. They need provide a clearer evidence base, where all Pacific people can recognise and understand the benefit of regional organisations. The organisations need to work strategically to be nimble and reactive to upcoming critical junctures and issues. Council of Regional Organisations in the Pacific (CROP) agencies need to coordinate better amongst themselves, open up communication with all stakeholders and create clearer mandates. In order to promote positive development, all stakeholders and Pacific people need to take ownership of these organisations, and support the Framework for Pacific Regionalism process. This study argues that there is great potential for regionalism in the Pacific, but this will only be possible if the region works collectively to enhance the legitimacy of these organisations.</p>

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