scholarly journals Perbedaaan Sensitivitas Dan Spesifisitas Metode Pengapungan Dan Sedimentasi Formol Ether Untuk Pemeriksaan Soil Transmitted Helminth

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Budi Setiawan ◽  
Furaida Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Early Diagnose ◽  
Play Group ◽  
Screening Activity

Helminth infection caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, Trihuris trichiura and hookworm, are included in Soil Transmitted helminth is a major health problem at the tropic and subtropic area. This disease can infect all ages but a higher prevalence in children under ten years without sexual differences. A patient is rarely can be a died as a consequence of helminth infection, but the effect is a correlation with nutrition and intellectual in children. The infection effect is more than danger in children than adults. The aims from this research are to compare two examination faeces method to diagnose if any infection by STH to humans, especially in children. The expectation in this research can be used in screening activity who are useful to early diagnose in STH infection so can decrease negative effect in children. The research is observational research with a cross-sectional study. A sample is children in Yaa Bunayya Play Group and kindergarten as many 24 sample. The faeces will be conducted twice an examination and then compare with the standard gold test. Two methods will be compared to the floating method and formol-ether sedimentation. Meanwhile, a gold standard is the Kato Katz method. A collecting sample for two months. The result can show no one children in 24 sample infected by STH. Specificity for two method is the same (100%), sensitivity and statistical analyze can’t be count, but in descriptive no difference between this method.

scholarly journals Correlation of Platelet Count and Hematocrit Levels to the Severity of Dengue Hemmoraghic Fever Patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Salma Naqiyyah Tirtadevi ◽  
Rini Riyanti ◽  
Desie Dwi Wisudanti
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health

Dengue hemorraghic fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and It is still be a major health problem in Southeast Asia, especially in Indonesia. Kabupaten Jember is still categorized as a dengue endemic area with its disease development expanding from year to year. This study aims to determine the correlation of platelet count and hematocrit levels to the severity of DHF patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember, as well as knowing whether the platelet count and hematocrit levels can be used as a predictive value for the severity of DHF patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This study used an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study design. The data of this study used secondary data from the medical records of DHF patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. The results of this study with a total of 68 samples showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the platelet count to the severity of DHF patients (p = 0,000, r = -0,487). The hematocrit levels showed an insignificant and negative correlation to the severity of DHF patients (p = 0,658, r = -0,055). The platelet count can be used as a predictive value for the severity of DHF patients. Keywords: DHF, platelet count, hematocrit levels, severity of DHF patients  

scholarly journals Prevalence of Potential Drug–Drug Interaction Risk among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in a Spanish Hospital

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Gracia Santos-Díaz ◽  
Ana María Pérez-Pico ◽  
Miguel Ángel Suárez-Santisteban ◽  
Vanesa García-Bernalt ◽  
Raquel Mayordomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Spanish Hospital

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem worldwide and, in Spain, it is present in 15.1% of individuals. CKD is frequently associated with some comorbidities and patients need to be prescribed multiple medications. Polypharmacy increases the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). There are no published studies evaluating the prevalence of potential drug–drug interactions (pDDIs) among CKD patients in any European country. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern, and factors associated with pDDIs among CKD patients using a drug interactions program. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out at Plasencia Hospital, located in Spain. Data were collected among patients with CKD diagnoses and pDDIs were assessed by the Lexicomp® Drug Interactions platform. Data were obtained from 112 CKD patients. A total number of 957 prescribed medications were acknowledged, and 928 pDDIs were identified in 91% of patients. Age and concomitant drugs were significantly associated with the number of pDDIs (p < 0.05). According to the results, the use of programs for the determination of pDDIs (such as Lexicomp®) is recommended in the clinical practice of CKD patients in order to avoid serious adverse effects, as is paying attention to contraindicated drug combinations.

scholarly journals Determination of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated from pork, beef, and chicken meat at the retail markets in Hanoi

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-564
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Viet ◽  
Nghiem Ngoc Minh ◽  
Vo Thi Bich Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Retail Meats ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
And Control

Salmonella resistance to antimicrobials is a major health problem in the world. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of Salmonella serovars isolates from retail meats in Ha Noi and their susceptibility to 8 antimicrobials commonly used in the treatment and growth promotion in domestic livestocks in Vietnam. Salmonella was detected in 25/90 (27.8%) samples. Nine different serovars were identified, including S. Typhimurium (44%), S. Derby (16%), S. Warragul, S. Indiana, S. Rissen (8%), and S. London, Meleagridis, Give, Assine (4%). S. Typhimurium (44 %) is the most prevalent types. Resistance to at least one antibiotic was showed in 13 strains (52%). All isolates were 44% (11/25) resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline, 32% (8/25) resistant to chloramphenicol. The multiple antimicrobial resistance accounted for 69.2% of isolates (9/13). All strains were susceptible to ceftazidime. This data indicated that the retail meats could constitute a source of human exposure to multidrug-resistant Salmonella and therefore could be considered a potential vehicle of resistant Salmonella foodborne diseases. There is an urgent need for surveillance and control programmes on Salmonella and use of antimicrobials in Vietnam to protect the health of consumers.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Behaviour Towards Tetanus Toxoid Immunisation in South-South, Nigeria: Findings from Antenatal Clinic Attendees

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias G. Abah ◽  
Otobong A. Asuquo ◽  
Emmanuel C Inyangetoh
Keyword(s):  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Third World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Source Of Information

Tetanus infection has remained a major health problem in the third world countries despite the availability and accessibility of effective antibodies as vaccines. The knowledge of women about the diseases may affect their behavior with regards to prevention of the disease. This was a descriptive cross sectional study to assess the knowledge and behavior towards tetanus toxoid immunization by 252 antenatal clinic attendees in two health facilities Uyo metropolis. The majority of respondents had heard about Tetanus infection 247(98.1%) and tetanus toxoid (97.2%), with Health workers being the main source of information 213 (85.9%). Most, 228(90.5%) knew it is for prevention, while only 80 (31.7%) were aware 5 doses confer lifetime immunity.  Most of the women 236 (93.7%) had received at least a dose of TT; 123(52.1%) had up to 5 doses, while 184(78%) claimed they had completed the immunisation schedule. The commonest reason some had not received any was its not being offered to them (31.3%). There was a global positive attitude towards TT immunisation. The level of education but not age of respondents was statistically associated with being immunized (P=0.001).The study showed a fairly good awareness of tetanus infection and immunisation with   misconceptions and a good disposition unmatched by practice. There is therefore the need for proper health education especially on the number of doses, intervals/ schedules, the protection offered, as well as need for the evaluation of the content of health enlightenment information provided by health personnel to mothers attending ANCs

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gallstone Pancreatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Wulan Ayudyasari ◽  
Bennardus Philippi ◽  
Taslim Poniman ◽  
Rofi Yuldi Saunar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gallstone Pancreatitis ◽  
Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Biliary Sepsis

Introduction.  Acute pancreatitis is a major health problem due to the serious complication and mortality. Annual incidence of acute pancreatitis vary from under 10 to 40 per 100.000 person per year. Gallstone and biliary sludge contributes about 30-65% of the cause of acute pancreatitis and usually diagnosed as biliary or gallstone pancreatitis. There is still no data concerning the prevalence, diagnosis and management of gallstone pancreatitis in Indonesia. Methods. The objective of this study is to know the prevalence and characteristic of diagnosis and management of gallstone pancreatitis in some hospitals in Jakarta. This is a descriptive cross sectional study using the data from medical record of acute pancreatitis and gallstone pancreatitis patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo, Fatmawati, and St Carolus Hospital in 2008-2012.  Results. There were 154 acute pancreatitis patients with only 22 (14,2%) patients diagnosed as having gallstone pancreatitis and 24 (15,5%) patients that met the criteria of gallstone pancreatitis but were not diagnosed as having one. On average, gallstone pancreatitis were diagnosed on the fifth day of hospitalization. Among 46 gallstone pancreatitis patients, only 6 (13%) patients had severity assessment. The most frequent examination used to explore the causes was abdominal ultrasound, performed in 37 (80,4%) patients.One (2,2%) patient had biliary sepsis and underwent internal drainage on day 15th. Only 10 (21,7%) patients underwent cholecystectomy. Three (8,3%) patients died, all before having cholecystectomy. Two (5,6%) patients that had not undergone cholecystectomy got readmitted to the hospital due to recurrent acute pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst. Conclusion. From this study we can conclude that the diagnosis and management of gallstone pancreatitis still remain a challenge in Jakarta.  

Association of consanguineous marriages with congenital anomalies

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Naveed ◽  
Sajeeha Nadeem ◽  
Amber Hassan ◽  
Imrana Tanvir
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cousin Marriage ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Married Individuals

Congenital anomalies are a major health problem all over the world; especially it is important cause ofdeaths and birth defects, chronic illness and disability in infants. The major cause of this isconsanguineous marriages. Generation of cousin marriages have significant association with congenitalanomalies Objective: To find out the association of consanguineous marriages with congenitalanomalies present at the time of birth Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at District HeadQuarter Hospital, Okara from May to August, 2018. 100 adult individuals aged between 19 to 55 years, withand without cousin marriage of both genders were consecutively enrolled. Participants were assessedthrough pre-tested questionnaire, with prior written informed consent. Unwilling married individuals andindividuals from other hospitals were not selected Results: According to results there was a significantassociation between generation of cousin marriages with congenital anomalies present at the time ofbirth , as p value was 0.002 Conclusions: Study concluded that the generation of cousin marriages hassignificant association with congenital anomalies present at the time of birth and due to cousin marriage59% of the couples had congenital abnormalities in their children and 85% had genetic disorders.

Prevalence of cataract and its associated factors among adults aged 40 years and above in Waghimra zone, Amhara, Northeast Ethiopia: A Community based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed ◽  
Biruk Beletew ◽  
Ayelign Mengesha ◽  
Merkineh Markos
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Multi Stage

Abstract Background Cataract is a major cause of avoidable blindness worldwide. Its greatest burden found in low-income countries. Therefore, knowing the prevalence and identification of risk-factors would be crucial in planning strategies to delay its development.Objective To assess prevalence and associated factors of cataract among adults aged 40 years and above in Waghimra Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2019.Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 528 adults in Waghimra Zone. Multi stage sampling technique was employed. Questionnaire, Snellen’s chart and slit lamp was used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1, cleaned and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.Result Within the sample, the prevalence of cataract was 20.1% (95% CI: 16.87, 23.32). being older age (AOR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08), single (AOR = 6.2, 95% CI: 1.60, 23.9), divorced (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.10, 5.48), widowed (AOR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.07- 5.29) were associated with cataract.Conclusion Cataract is a major health problem in the study area that would increase with ageing Hence, concerned body should strengthen further screening and treating of patients who are targeted groups such as aged, single, widowed, divorced population.

scholarly journals Assessment of Risk Factors and Prevalence of under Nutrition Using Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) among under 5 Children in a Tertiary Care Center

2021 ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
M. Devika ◽  
N. Kishore
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Child Morbidity ◽  
Measuring Tape

Background: Under nutrition is a major health problem in the developing countries especially India. It has a significant impact to child morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess the risk factor and prevalence of under nutrition among children under 5 years of age, using conventional indices and the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF), and then comparing their estimated results. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the pediatrics department (outpatient and inpatient) from January 2021 to March 2021 using sample size of 300. Attendants of Toddler’s were interviewed with semi structured proforma and height and weight of toddler were measured by measuring tape and weighing machine respectively. Informed consent was obtained. MS excel was used for data analysis after compilation. Results: CIAF identified 96% of childrens to have under nutrition. By using conventional indices it was seen that 62.8% of the children were underweight, 50% were stunted and 44.4% were wasted. Conclusion: CIAF gives a better estimate of under nutrition than currently used conventional indices; and identifies more children with multiple anthropometric failures.

scholarly journals Dogs as Sentinels for Flavivirus Exposure in Urban, Peri-Urban and Rural Hanoi, Vietnam

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 507
Author(s):  
Long Pham-Thanh ◽  
Thang Nguyen-Tien ◽  
Ulf Magnusson ◽  
Vuong Bui-Nghia ◽  
Anh Bui-Ngoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Household Level

Diseases caused by flaviviruses, including dengue fever and Japanese encephalitis, are major health problems in Vietnam. This cross-sectional study explored the feasibility of domestic dogs as sentinels to better understand risks of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi city. A total of 475 dogs serum samples from 221 households in six districts of Hanoi were analyzed by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for antibodies to the pr-E protein of West Nile virus and other flaviviruses due to cross-reactivity. The overall flavivirus seroprevalence in the dog population was 70.7% (95% CI = 66.4–74.8%). At the animal level, significant associations between seropositive dogs and district location, age, breed and keeping practice were determined. At the household level, the major risk factors were rural and peri-urban locations, presence of pigs, coil burning and households without mosquito-borne disease experience (p < 0.05). Mosquito control by using larvicides or electric traps could lower seropositivity, but other measures did not contribute to significant risk mitigation of flavivirus exposure in dogs. These results will support better control of mosquito-borne diseases in Hanoi, and they indicate that dogs can be used as sentinels for flavivirus exposure.

scholarly journals Urinary and anal incontinence among female gymnasts and cheerleaders—bother and associated factors. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Lindquist Skaug ◽  
Marie Ellström Engh ◽  
Helena Frawley ◽  
Kari Bø
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Anal Incontinence ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Female Gymnasts

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis Artistic gymnastics, team gymnastics and cheerleading are sports including high-impact activities. It is presumed that the athletes’ pelvic floor must be functioning well to prevent urinary (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) during sports. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for UI and AI in female artistic gymnasts, team gymnasts and cheerleaders; the influence of UI and AI on daily living and sport performance; and the athletes’ knowledge about the pelvic floor muscles (PFM). Methods All female athletes ≥ 12 years of age competing in ≥ 1 National Championship in artistic gymnastics, team gymnastics or cheerleading in 2018/2019 were invited. International Consensus on Incontinence Questionnaires were used to assess the prevalence/bother of UI and AI. Results Among the 319 gymnasts and cheerleaders who participated, the prevalence of UI and AI was 67% and 84%, respectively. Age, training ≥ 4 days/week and straining to void were significantly associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and years of training with AI. Eighty-three percent of athletes with SUI reported a negative effect on sports performance, 22% would occasionally avoid training or specific exercises because of leakage, and 28% used pads for protection. Forty-one percent of the athletes had never heard about the PFM, and 74% reported an interest in PFM training to prevent/treat UI or AI. Conclusions UI and AI were prevalent in female gymnasts and cheerleaders, and SUI negatively influenced sport performance. The athletes’ knowledge about the PFM was limited.

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