scholarly journals PARASITOSIS OF YOUNG CATTLE IN FARMS OF THE CENTRAL AND URAL REGIONS OF RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 564-569
Author(s):  
Safiullin ◽  
Shibitov
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Parasitic Protozoa ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Buxtonella Sulcata ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Distribution of the main intestinal parasitic protozoa of young cattle: ameri (Eimeria spp.), Cryptosporidium (Criptosporidium parvum), buxtonell (Buxtonella sulcata) was studied in 2016–2018 in cattle farms of the Central and Ural regions of Russia. With the interrogative methods of Fülleborn and Darling and successive washes in different seasons of the year, we examined 20 animals of different age groups. Studies conducted in different regions of Russia showed that calves up to 6 months of age were infected with Eimeria from 20 to 45%, AI – 720 specimens, in young animals up to 1 year of age, EI of the eymeria invasion ranged from 40–52%, AI – 1305 specimens, buxtonella EI from 26 to 32% in young animals up to 2 years of age, EI of Eimeria invasion ranged from 30 to 36%, AI – 916 specimens, buxtonella EI – 28–40%. In heifers and cows, the EI of the Eimeric invasion ranged from 16.3 to 23.2%, the AI was 680 specimens, and the buxtonella EI ranged from 25.6 to 37.2%. The results of the research showed that three species of Eimeria parasitize the farms of the Moscow Region in young cattle: Eimeria ellipsoidalis (55%), E. bovis(30%), E. zuernii (15%), and mixed invasion, which was represented by a different combination of them. The most contaminated parasitic simplest invasive elements of the environment in premises for keeping animals are the floor and walls of cells, machine tools.

Some small-sized Cosmarium (Conjugatophyceae, Desmidiales) from sphagnum bogs of Moscow Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
O. V. Anissimova
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Biological Station ◽  
Sphagnum Bogs ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Scanning Electron

Algae samples were collected during different seasons from 1997 to 2011 in two swamps located at Zvenigorod Biological Station in Moscow Region. There were found 25 Cosmarium species and varieties, 9 taxa of them being new to the region. Descriptions of the taxa were specified by observation of cell wall ornamentation with light and scanning electron microscopy. Original descriptions, photos and drawings of algae are presented.

scholarly journals Influence of seasonal changes on the karyotype stability of Ukrainian Black and White dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (93) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
N. Y. Temekh ◽  
L. F. Starodub
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Karyotype Stability

Of the total dairy cattle, 49 % belong to the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. Animals are demanding to the conditions of detention, so the aim of the study was to study the impact of seasonal changes in the environment on the stability of the karyotype of cows of three age groups (first-born, adult and cows 8–10 years). The variability of the karyotype of the studied animals in different seasons of the year was manifested in the form of quantitative and structural disorders of chromosomes. Of the total dairy cattle, 49 % belong to the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. Animals are demanding to the conditions of detention, so the aim of the study was to study the impact of seasonal changes in the environment on the stability of the karyotype of cows of three age groups (first-born, adult and cows 8–10 years). The variability of the karyotype of the studied animals in different seasons of the year was manifested in the form of quantitative and structural disorders of chromosomes. In primiparous women, the most pronounced genomic variability (aneuploidy) was observed in summer and winter and was 16.4 % and 8.8 %. In summer, this variability was more than twice the limit of spontaneous chromosomal variability. The highest percentage of structural chromosome abnormalities (chromosomal breaks) in cows of three age groups was observed in winter and was 2.5 %, 2.8 %, 3.0 %, respectively, and did not exceed the limit of spontaneous mutagenesis characteristic of cattle. An increased proportion of lymphocytes with a micronucleus in first-borns and cows aged 8–10 years (5.6 ‰, 6.4 ‰, respectively) was observed in the summer. The increased proportion of dinuclear lymphocytes appeared in the first-born in the summer season and amounted to 7.6 ‰ (at P > 0.99), and in cows 8–10 years, this variability in the summer season was 6.2 ‰, in winter – 6.7 ‰ with a statistically significant difference (P > 0.95) between the spontaneous level of cytogenetic variability. The association between karyotype stability of the studied animals and seasonal environmental factors was determined using a correlation coefficient (r). A significant positive correlation was found between aneuploidy and air temperature in primiparous and cows aged 8–10 years, relative humidity, precipitation and wind strength and chromosomal gaps in primiparous and adult cows, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity and asynchronous divergence. in adult cows and cows aged 8–10 years. A positive reliable associative dependence of the appearance of micronucleus lymphocytes and dinuclear lymphocytes on the amount of precipitation and wind strength in this area in primiparous and adult cows was established.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Infection in Cattle in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
SG Adamu ◽  
NB Adamu ◽  
AU Aliyu ◽  
NN Atsanda ◽  
FB Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cryptosporidium Infection ◽  
Zoonotic Infection ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Young Cattle

A study was carried out to survey the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in cattle in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria. A total of four hundred (400) fecal samples from cattle were randomly collected and examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts using the modified Ziehl-Neelsen (MZN) staining method. The results showed that the overall prevalence of infection was 22.3%, with an infection rate of23.4% in adult cattle and 19.1% in young cattle, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference (P<0.05) between the age groups, with (OR: 1.298; 95%CI: 0.7507–2.245). Out of 89 positive samples, 21.2% were male and 25.0% were female, respectively. There was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05) between the sex, with (OR: 0.8062; 95% CI: 0.4828–0.346). It was concluded that Cryptosporidium sp. infection is prevalent in Nigeria; and cattle could serve as reservoirs for the zoonotic infection in humans.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23712Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 25-28

scholarly journals Occurrence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Heidari ◽  
Z. Sadeghi-Dehkordi ◽  
R. Moayedi ◽  
J. Gharekhani
Keyword(s):  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Hamedan Province ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Eimeria Infection

Information on the occurrence, diversity and economic losses due to Eimeria infection on cattle farms is lacking in Western Iran. The principal aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province, Western Iran. In a cross-sectional study performed from June 2010 to April 2013, 400 faecal samples were collected randomly from animals without clinical signs from different cattle farms of Hamedan province and examined for Eimeria species infection using parasitology methods. The overall infection rate of Eimeria species was 8.25%. Nine species of Eimeria were identified including: E. bovis (23.7%), E. zuernii (19.2%), E. canadensis (12.6%), E. ellipsodalis (11.4%), E. alabamensis (10.4%), E. pellita (9.1%), E. auburnensis (6.8%), E. cylindrica (4.6%) and E. bukidnonensis (2.3%). There were statistically significant differences with respect to Eimeria infection and age group (P &lt; 0.0001, OR = 6), although no statistically significant relationships were found for sex (P = 0.35) or faecal consistency (P = 0.587). In conclusion, this study is the first to report the prevalence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province. Infection with pathogenic Eimeria spp. was asymptomatic in all animals; this is the reason for the transmission of infection by carriers in this region. Therefore, integrated strategies should be utilised to prevent and control Eimeria spp. infection on cattle farms. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Diet and dietetics in al-Andalus

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (S1) ◽  
pp. S100-S104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
Maria D. Huetos-Solano ◽  
Pilar García-Lorda ◽  
Mònica Bulló
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Classical Greece ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Al-Andalus society (711–1492) based its idea of health on the wisdom of Classical Greece, the Hippocratic–Galenic theories, as well as the Persian and Hindu cultures. The twelfth century in al-Andalus is considered to be the most prolific period for works of a scientific and technical nature. At the time, the main treatises on dietetics were written and this science reached its widest expression with such leading figures as Ibn Wāfīd, Avenzoar, Averroes and Maimonides, whose works revealed the first scientific knowledge on the nutritional processes of the human body. Diet was regarded as being essential for health and the prevention of disease. Dietary guidelines were written for different age groups, different body types and different seasons of the year. The amount of food to be ingested, the number of meals recommended and the order in which the food should be consumed were all issues that were discussed. A variety of foods were thought to have medicinal properties, some of which are known today. The diet in al-Andalus was varied and very probably made a substantial contribution to the origin of the present-day Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, wholemeal cereals, fruit and vegetables, fish, lamb, poultry, nuts and spices. We also find that many of the terms in current use in diet and agriculture are a living testimony to the Arabic influence, as are many of the dishes of our varied Mediterranean gastronomy.

scholarly journals The age structure of the scientific and pedagogical staff: data from the regions of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
pp. e16491
Author(s):  
Iuliia S. Pinkovetskaia
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Density Functions ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the indicators characterizing the age structure of the scientific and pedagogical staff of universities and other higher educational institutions in the regions of Russia. In the course of the work, the indicators characterizing the specific weights of teachers belonging to five age groups from 25 to 34 years, from 35 to 44 years, from 45 to 54 years, from 55 to 64 years and over 65 years in the total number of teachers working in higher education institutes were evaluated. The study used official statistical information for 82 regions of Russia. We used the density functions of the normal distribution as models. The results of the research allowed us to draw conclusions: the largest number (more than a quarter) of teachers was observed in the group from 35 to 44 years; 24% of teachers were aged from 45 to 54 years; 20% of teachers were slightly older. The least number of teachers was observed in the age groups over 65 years and from 25 to 34 years. The proposed methodological approach and the results obtained have originality and scientific novelty, since the assessment of regional features of the age structure of scientific and pedagogical personnel in the regions of Russia has not been carried out before.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES TO HEPATITIS C VIRUS AMONG CONVENTIONALLY HEALTHY POPULATION OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2017 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
N. V. Soboleva ◽  
A. A. Karlsen ◽  
T. V. Kozhanova ◽  
V. S. Kichatova ◽  
V. V. Klushkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Total Prevalence

Aim. Determine the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) among conditionally healthy population of Russian Federation. Materials and methods. Sera samples obtained from conditionally healthy population of the Russian Federation from 5 geographically distant regions with different levels of morbidity for hepatitis C were studied: Sverdlovsk, Rostov, Moscow regions, Tyva and Sakha (Yakutia) Republics. 4764 samples were studied in total obtained from individuals of 10 age groups: younger than 1, 1 - 4, 5 - 9, 10 - 14,15 - 19, 20 - 29, 30 - 39, 40 - 49,50 - 59, olderthan 60 years. Anti-HCV were determined by commercial ELISA. Results. The total prevalence of anti-HCV in 5 regions of Russian Federation was 2.6% (126/4764). The highest frequency of detection of anti-HCV was detected in Tyva and Yakutia Republics and was 3.3%, in other regions this parameter varied from 1,7 (Moscow region) to 3% in Sverdlovsk region. Peak parameters of anti-HCV detection among population in various regions were connected with various age groups: olderthan 60 years in Tyva and Yakutia Republics (11 and 9.9%, respectively), 40 - 49 in Moscow region (6.2%), 1 - 4 and 30 - 39 years in Sverdlovsk region (5.9 and 4.9%, respectively) and 20 - 39 in Rostov region (3.9%). Conclusion. Results of anti-HCV detection in various age cohorts of conditionally healthy population of Russian Federation give evidence regarding high morbidity with HCV of almost all the age groups in the interval from 20 to older than 60 years. Age cohorts were detected in each of the studied regions for which inclusion into regional screening programs is feasible.

scholarly journals Reproductive strategies of field Phytophthora infestans populations on potato and tomato in some regions of Russia

2009 ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Smirnov ◽  
S.A. Kuznjecov
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The occurrence of zoosporangia and oospores is analyzed for 88 field populations of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in Moscow region and other regions of Russia from 1997 to 2006. For estimation of zoosporangia and oospore frequencies in the populations, the indexes IZ (for zoosporangia) and IO (for oospores) are suggested. The combinations of these indexes enabled a reveal of 4 strategies for P. infestans reproduction, which were found in the field populations of the pathogen. These strategies were more numerous in P. infestans field populations on tomato than on potato (4 versus 2) in spite of the fact that potato populations in Moscow region strongly predominated. It was connected with rareness or absence of oospores in potato and their presence in tomato, especially in fruit of many populations. The knowledge about strategies of reproduction can be applied for verification of efficiency of new methods for crop protection against late blight, and for investigations of P. infestans populations.

The structure of seroprevalence to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among residents of the Moscow Region during the period of epidemic incidence of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Popova ◽  
◽  
E.B. Ezhlova ◽  
A.A. Melnikova ◽  
O.M. Mikailova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Test System ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
First Case

A pandemic of the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (hereinafter referred to as COVID-19) was announced by WHO in February 2020. In the Moscow Region (MR), the first case of the disease was detected on March 7, 2020 in a woman who arrived from Switzerland. Four weeks later, a rapid rise began, the peak of which fell on the 20th week (May 11, 2020 – May 17, 2020), which was replaced by a gradual steady decline that lasted for 13 weeks. Objective. To determine the level and structure of population immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus among the population of the Moscow Region between June 22, 2020 and July 11, 2020. Patients and methods. A serological study of seroprevalence among residents of MR to COVID-19 was carried out from June 22, 2020 till July 11, 2020 during the period of a steady decline in the incidence. The work was conducted as part of the first stage of the large-scale Rospotrebnadzor program to assess population immunity to the COVID-19 virus among the population of the Russian Federation. Volunteers for the study were selected by the method of questioning and randomization. The analysis included the results of a survey of 2688 people. The number of volunteers in all age groups was equal. The content of specific IgG to the COVID-19 nucleocapsid was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a test system manufactured by the FBIS SRCAMB according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results. The results of the study showed that the collective immunity of the total population of the Moscow Region was 21.0%. The maximum level of population immunity was established in children aged 14–17 years (30.7%) and 1–6 years old (25.2%). There were no statistically significant differences in the level of seroprevalence between men and women. As a result of seroepidemiological research, it was shown that in the medical center, in the presence of contacts with patients with COVID-19, the risk of infection increases by 2.5 times. After infection with COVID-19, antibodies were detected in 78.7% of cases. In persons with a positive result of the PCR analysis obtained earlier, antibodies were detected in 82.8% of cases. A high proportion of asymptomatic infection among seropositive volunteers was found, which amounted to 83.4%. Key words: coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2, incidence, seroprevalence, the Moscow Region, population, COVID-19

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