scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Hydroxide Concentration on Production of Activated Carbon from Cassava Peel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 527-534
Author(s):  
Mitha Puspitasari ◽  
Wibiana Wulan Nandari ◽  
Sri Wahyuni Santi R.
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Tapioca Flour ◽  
Staple Crop ◽  
Cassava Peel

Cassava is a staple crop that can grow in Indonesia throughout the year and has a high adaptability to various soil conditions. Cassava or cassava can be processed into various food industries such The high carbon content of cassava peel makes it can be used as raw material for the manufacture of activated carbonas tapioca flour, fermentation industry, and other basic industries. Activated carbon is made by chemical activation of an alkaline solution. The results of the study produced activated carbon with a moisture content of 9.3406%, ash content of 6.5907%, iodine number 781,7656 mg/g . The results of the activated carbon have met the quality standard of SNI 06-3730-1995

scholarly journals Utilization of Cassava Rods Waste as Active Charcoal and The Effect of HCl Activator and Activation Time on Active Charcoal

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Yuni Ambarwati
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Active Charcoal ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Cassava Stem ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cassava Peel ◽  
Very High

Some research proved that activated carbon could be made from organic materials or anorganic material with very high carbon content. The exist research of activated carbon from coconut shell, bagasse, cassava peel. In fact, there are a lot of material can be used as raw material, like cassava rods wastebecause the amount is very abundant and has not been widely used. This research aims toreceive the right conditionsin the manufacture of activated charcoal from cassava stem wastewith variations in concentration and time of activationwith chemical activation methodsusing a hydrochloric acid activatorto obtain activated charcoal products that fulfill the standards. Making activated charcoal begins withdehydrate the stem in the sun for around 2 days. The second is make cassava charcoal by installing a series of clinker drum cassava stems. The third is charcoal stem activationwith the size 100 mesh, mix charcoal with Hydrochloric Acidinto erlenmeyerwith concentration 1,5N; 2N; 2,5N; 3N; and 3,5Nthen stir with Heating Magnetic Stirrer, 105 ºC, during 2,5 hours, 3 hours, 3,5 hours, 4 hours, 4,5 hours. The results obtained by the best active charcoalat concentration3 Nwith activation time 4,5 hours, ash content 0.8%, andabsorption of iodine 399,67 mg/g.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN KARBON AKTIF DARI KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR MANGAN (Mn) DALAM AIR DENGAN BEBERAPA VARIASI KONSENTRASI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Darmawati Darmawati ◽  
Syarifah Maulidar ◽  
Khairun Nisa
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Manganese Reduction ◽  
Cassava Peels ◽  
Cassava Peel ◽  
Banda Aceh

The study aims to find out about the possibility of utilizing cassava peel waste as raw material for making activated carbon to reduce levels of Manganese in water. This study also wants to see the effect of variations in the concentration of activated carbon from cassava peels on decreasing levels of Manganese in water. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Akademi Analis Kesehatan Pemerintah Aceh and at the UPTD Laboratorium Kesehatan Banda Aceh on 3-11 March 2016. Manganese was analysed using the persulfate method while the Manganese was examinated by the spectrophotometric method. The sample used is an artificial sample by adding MnSO4 to water. The variation of activated carbon concentration added is 2 gr, 3 gr, and 4 gr. The results are that with the addition of 2 grams of activated carbon the percentage of Manganese reduction was 70.37%, the addition of 3 grams of activated carbon decreased Manganese concentration by 86.59%, while the addition of 4 grams of activated carbon reduced the percentage of Manganese to 92.33%. It can be concluded that the higher the concentration of activated carbon added, the higher the decrease in levels of Manganese in the water.

Organic and Inorganic Acid Activation of Activated Carbon Fiber from Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch

2013 ◽  
Vol 858 ◽  
pp. 122-130
Author(s):  
Wee Keat Cheah ◽  
Radzali Othman ◽  
Fei Yee Yeoh
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Activated Carbon Fiber ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Pore Characteristics ◽  
Inorganic Acids

Activated carbon fiber is known to posses better properties compared to granular and powdered variants, with significantly higher surface area and higher pore volume. Source of raw material and activation step are two crucial parameters for the pore development of activated carbon. Palm oil empty fruit bunch fiber contains naturally formed long open channels which offer better access of adsorbates into micropores. Chemical activation step typically involves inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. However, such residues of inorganic acids might create unfavourable conditions for certain adsorption applications, if not removed properly from synthesized activated carbon fiber. Additionally, subsequent to the acid cleaning or removal step, most inorganic acids would eventually cause problems to the environment if acid disposal is not properly managed. This paper investigates on the effect of utilization of organic acids acetic acid and citric acid, as compared to commonly used inorganic acids, on the pore characteristics of palm oil empty fruit bunch fiber derived activated carbon fiber.

AKTIVASI KIMIA-FISIK LIMBAH SERUTAN ROTAN MENJADI KARBON AKTIF

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-98
Author(s):  
Andy Mizwar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Impregnation Time ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Limbah rotan dari industri kerajinan dan mebel berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan karbon aktif karena memiliki kandungan holoselulosa dan kadar karbon yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas dari aktivasi kimia menggunakan larutan natrium klorida (NaCl) yang dilanjutkan dengan aktivasi fisik dalam pembuatan karbon aktif berbahan dasar  limbah serutan rotan. Pembuatan karbon aktif diawali dengan proses karbonisasi pada suhu 250°C selama 1 jam. Selanjutnya aktivasi kimia menggunakan larutan NaCl dengan variasi konsentrasi 10%, 15% dan 20% serta waktu perendaman selama 10, 15 dan 20 jam. Aktivasi fisik dilakukan dengan pembakaran pada suhu 700°C selama 30 menit. Analisis karakteristik fisik-kimia karbon aktif mengacu pada SNI 06-3730-95, meliputi kadar air, fixed carbon, dan iodine number, sedangkan perhitungan luas permukaan spesifik karbon aktif dilakukan dengan Metode Sears. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum aktivasi kimia terjadi pada konsentrasi NaCl 10% dan lama perendaman 10 jam dengan hasil analisis kadar air 2.90%, fixed carbon 72.70%, iodine number 994.59 mg/g dan luas permukaan 1587.67 m²/g. Peningkatan fixed carbon, iodine number dan luas permukaan karbon aktif berbanding terbalik dengan peningkatan konsentrasi NaCl dan lama waktu perendaman, sedangkan peningkatan kadar air pada karbon aktif berlaku sebaliknya. Rattan waste from handicraft and furniture industry could potentially be used as raw material of activated carbon due to high content of holoselulosa and carbon. This paper investigates the effectiveness of chemical activation using sodium chloride (NaCl) followed by physical activation in the making of activated carbon-based on rattan shavings waste. Preparation of the activated carbon began with the carbonization process at 250°C for 1 hour. Furthermore chemical activation using a variation of NaCl concentrations 10%, 15% and 20% as well as the time of immersion 10, 15 and 20 hours. Physical activation was done by burning at 700°C for 30 minutes. Analysis of the physical and chemical characteristics of the activated carbon was referred to the SNI 06-3730-95, including of moisture content, fixed carbon and iodine number, while the calculation of the specific surface area was done by the Sears’s method. The results of this study showed that the optimum conditions of chemical activation occurred in impregnation by NaCl 10% for 10 hours. The water content, fixed carbon, iodine number and surface area of activated carbon was 2.90%, 72.70%, 994.59 mg/g and 1587.67 m²/g  respectively. The increase values of fixed carbon, iodine number, and surface area was inversely proportional to the increase of NaCl concentration and the length of impregnation time, while the increase of water content applied vice versa.

High surface area activated carbon prepared from cassava peel by chemical activation

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Sudaryanto ◽  
S.B. Hartono ◽  
W. Irawaty ◽  
H. Hindarso ◽  
S. Ismadji
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Cassava Peel

Carbon nanotubes produced from rubber fruit shell activated carbon

2021 ◽  
pp. 2140003
Author(s):  
Suhdi ◽  
Sheng-Chang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Two Peaks

This study used rubber fruit shells (RFS) as raw material for making carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNTs were carried out by hydrothermal process at low-temperature after carbonization and chemical activation was done. This experiment succeeded in obtaining a bundle of MWCNT (Multi-Wall Nanotube) from the raw material of RFS. The results of characterization using SEM and TEM showed that the resulting CNTs were not homogeneous in diameter, ranging from 13 to 455 nm, with an average diameter of about 179 nm. XRD was used to identify crystallographic structure; it has two peaks 2[Formula: see text] at around 26.0 and 44.0, index to 002 and 101 reflections hexagonal graphite diffraction of the MWCNTs. This study can provide an alternative inexpensive raw material and a simple method to obtain carbon nanotubes.

scholarly journals Biosorption Studies for the Removal of Malachite Green from its Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Prepared from Cassava Peel

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S61-S66 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Parvathi ◽  
T. Maruthavanan ◽  
S. Sivamani ◽  
C. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Textile Effluent ◽  
Malachite Green Dye ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cassava Peel

The association of dyes with health related problems is not a new phenomenon. The effectiveness of carbon adsorption for dye removal from textile effluent has made it an ideal alternative to other expensive treatment methods. The preparation of activated carbon from agricultural waste could increase economic return and reduce pollution. Cassava peel has been used as a raw material to produce activated carbon. The study investigates the removal of malachite green dye from its aqueous solution. The effects of condition such as adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and contact time were studied. The adsorption capacity was demonstrated as a function of time for malachite green from aqueous solution by the prepared activated carbon. The results showed that as the amount of the adsorbent was increased, the percentage of dye removal increased accordingly. Higher adsorption percentages were observed at lower concentrations of malachite green dye. Silver nitrate treated cassava peel showed a better performance compared to Sulphuric acid treated and raw carbons, thus making it an interesting option for dye removal textile effluent.

scholarly journals Meso- and microporous carbon electrode and its effect on the capacitive, energy and power properties of supercapacitor

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1263
Author(s):  
Erman Taer ◽  
R. Taslim ◽  
Sugianto Sugianto ◽  
M. Paiszal ◽  
Mukhlis Mukhlis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Pore Diameter ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Activated Carbon Monoliths ◽  
Activating Agent

Activated carbon monoliths (ACMs) with average pore diameters in the meso- and micropore regions were successfully produced from biomass material. ACM synthesis uses chemical activation with KOH and ZnCl<sub>2</sub> activating agents. The carbon and activating agent mass ratios were 1:1, 1:3, 1:5 and 1:7. Both activating materials produced an ACM with an average pore diameter of 3.2 nm. The specific capacitance, specific surface area, energy and power were as high as 63 F/g, 650 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and 0.23 Wh/kg for KOH and 73 F/g, and 522 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and 19 W/kg for ZnCl<sub>2</sub> activating agents, respectively. For comparison, we also studied the physical and electrochemical properties of ACM with an average pore size in the micropore range from the same raw material.

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Coke Powder by KOH Activation

2012 ◽  
Vol 616-618 ◽  
pp. 1894-1897
Author(s):  
Chun Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Coking Plant ◽  
Coking Technology ◽  
Coke Powder

With the enhancement of environmental awareness and the development of coking technology, large domestic coking plant With the enhancement of environmental awareness and the development of coking technology, large domestic coking plant With the enhancement of environmental awareness and the development of coking technology, large domestic coking plant will use CDQ technology to deal with Coke. So a great number of coke powder will be produced in coking enterprises every day. This paper use coke power, the waste of coking enterprises, as raw material to produce activated carbon with good adsorption property by chemical activation. The surface chemical composition and surface area of the activated carbon were investigated. The effects of activation conditions on the characteristics of the activation carbons were studied.As a result, activated carbon with an iodine adsorption capacity of 1020mg/g, a methylene blue adsorption capacity of 365 mg/g and a specific surface area of 1600 m2/g was obtained. These adsorption capacities were almost the same as ordinary activated carbon on the market.

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