scholarly journals The promising lines in the breeding work with triticale for the Povolzhie conditions

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. Diyachuk ◽  
I. A. Kibkalo ◽  
A. V. Pominov ◽  
O. V. Khomyakova ◽  
V. N. Akinina
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Damage Degree ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Study Results

The article presents the study results of the breeding value of winter triticale lines in the main competitive variety-testing. The va­riety “Student” was used as a standard variety introduced into the State List of Protected Breeding Achievements in the Nizhny-Volga region. There have been selected the most valuable lines as the sources for use in breeding programs. There were identified such promising lines for high grain productivity as № 1 (F11Polessky 10/Vodoley), № 7 (F12Sargau/Polessky 7), № 9 (F8Vodoley/ADP-2//Modus), № 12 (F7Student/Vodoley) with potential of 65.5–83.0 hwt/ha. The plant height of these lines is reduced compared with the standard variety on 22–37 cm. The study results have shown the existence of a wide spectrum of genotypic variability of the “cell membrane permeability”, as a key physiological indicator of drought resistance among the triticale lines and varieties. According to the damage degree of cell membranes, the line № 9 and the variety “Svyatozar” were selected. The lowest value of this indicator was revealed in the genotypes (35.5 and 31.5%) and it does not differ from that in the winter rye variety “Saratovskaya 7” (33.5%, 13.1% of НСР05). The lines № 1, № 7, № 9 and № 11, which according to the complex of the studied parameters are close to the variety “Valentin 90”, are of interest in the breeding work to improve baking traits of triticale.

scholarly journals Estimation of productivity of the new peas lines and determination of their adaptability parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
А. R. Ashiev ◽  
К. N. Khabibullin ◽  
А. V. Chegunova ◽  
М. В. Skulova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Adaptability Parameters ◽  
Variety Testing

The purpose of the current study was to consider and identify promising peas lines with high grain productivity and determine their adaptability parameters. The field study was carried out at the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, located in the southern part of the Rostov region during the 4-year competitive variety testing (2017–2020). The objects of the study were 19 breeding lines developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. All lines were of a leafless type. The standard variety was the variety ‘Aksaysky usaty 5’. The lines ‘G-1002’ (2.60 t/ha), ‘G-1003’ (2.81 t/ha), ‘G-1005’ (2.58 t/ha), ‘G-1007’ (2.56 t/ha), ‘G-1014’ (2.63 t / ha) and ‘B-3790/30-3’ (2.54 t/ha) showed a significant excess over the standard variety. The mean productivity in the competitive variety testing of 2017–2020 was 2.41 t/ha. The maximum productivity difference among the years was 1.63 t/ha, or 89% of the mean productivity. This indicates a high contrast of the cultivation conditions over the years. There have been identified the adaptability parameters of the pea lines (stress resistance, genetic flexibility, homeostaticity and breeding value), which exceeded grain productivity of the standard variety. The lines ‘G-1014’ (5.31), ‘G-1007’ (6.12), and ‘B-3790/30-3’ (6.47) showed the highest homeostaticity. The productivity of these lines was more even over the years and it is preferable to cultivate them in contrasting conditions (zones of risky farming, low agricultural background). The lines ‘G-1002’ (4.19), ‘G-1005’ (4.53) were a bit inferior to them. The line ‘G-1003’ had the lowest level of homeostaticity (3.98). The lines ‘G-1014’ (1.49), ‘G-1007’ (1.47), ‘B-3790/30-3’ (1.44) were characterized with the greatest indicator of breeding value. According to the results of the competitive variety testing in 2017–2019, in 2019 the line ‘G-1003’ with the highest grain productivity, was sent to the State Variety Testing under the name ‘Zernogradsky usaty’ in the North Caucasian (6) region. According to the estimation results of the adaptive properties, the variety is responsive to the improvement of cultivation conditions and has been recommended for cultivation in intensive technology.

Population characteristics of daughters of domestic and foreign breeding bulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
N. I. Abramova ◽  
◽  
O. L. Khromova ◽  
M. O. Selimyan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Vologda Region ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Modern Population

The use of foreign-bred bulls leads to changes in the genetic structure of the black-and-white breed population, which affects the level of population characteristics. The study was conducted to study the comparative variability and heritability of productive and reproductive characteristics of daughters of sires of domestic and foreign selection in pedigree livestock 10 250 cows 1st calving modern population of black-motley breed of the Vologda region. The superiority of the offspring of foreign bulls in the average indicators of all the studied traits was established with confidence (P<0,001). There were no significant differences in the level of variability of the characteristics of the descendants of domestic and foreign bulls. According to productive traits, the greatest variability of indicators was established for milk yield for 305 days of the 1st lactation Cv = 17,3 – 17,7%, therefore, selection on this trait will be more effective. The greatest share of the influence of bullsfathers, both domestic and foreign selection, in the total sum of all factors determining the value of traits in the population of the black-and-white breed, is determined by the milk yield of daughters η2 = 0,22 – 0,24, the age of the 1st fruitful insemination and the first calving η2 = 0,24 – 0,25. In further breeding work with the breed, it is necessary to obtain and use domestic producers that exceed the breeding value of foreign bulls.

scholarly journals Soluble carbohydrates in cereal (wheat, rye, triticale) seed after storage under accelerated ageing conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak ◽  
Maciej Niedzielski ◽  
Dariusz J. Michalczyk ◽  
Wiesław Łuczak ◽  
Barbara Adomas
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Seed Moisture

Germinability and the content of soluble carbohydrates were analysed in cereal seed (winter rye, cv. Warko; spring wheat, cv. Santa; hexaploid winter triticale, cv. Fidelio and cv. Woltario). Seed moisture content (mc) was equilibrated over silica gel to 0.08 g H<sub>2</sub>O/g dry mass and stored in a desiccator at 20<sup>o</sup>C for up to 205 weeks or were equilibrated to mc 0.06, 0.08 or 0.10 g H<sub>2</sub>O/g dm and subjected to artificial aging at 35<sup>o</sup>C in air-tight laminated aluminium foil packages for 205 weeks. It was shown that the rate of seed aging depended on the species and seed moisture content. The fastest decrease of germinability upon storage was observed in seed with the highest moisture level. Complete germinability loss for winter rye, winter triticale cv. Fidelio, winter triticale cv. Woltario and spring wheat seed with mc 0.10 g H<sub>2</sub>O/g dm<sup>3</sup> occurred after 81, 81, 101 and 133 weeks, respectively. Fructose, glucose, galactose, myo-inositol, sucrose, galactinol, raffinose, stachyose and verbascose were the main soluble carbohydrates found in the seed. The obtained data on the contents of specific sugars and the composition of soluble sugars fraction in seed of rye, wheat and triticale did not corroborate any profound effect of reducing sugars, sucrose and oligosaccharides on seed longevity.

scholarly journals Вплив рівня годівлі свиней червоної білопоясої породи на інтер'єрні показники

2016 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Л. В. Флока
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Biological Quality ◽  
Breeding Work

Наведено результати досліджень впливу рівня годівлі свиней червоної білопоясої породи на інтер’єрні показники. Важливим етапом селекційної роботи у свинарстві є визначення та розробка критеріїв прогнозування продуктивності тварини у ранньому віці за інтер’єрними ознаками. Це прискорює процес оцінки племінної цінності тварин та удосконалює племінну роботу у стаді. Використання інтер’єрних показників тварин у племінній роботі зі стадом вказує на те, що в сучасних умовах промислового свинарства зростають вимоги щодо генетичної та біологічної якості свиней, пристосованості їх до умов утримання та годівлі. The influence of feeding white-red belted pigs on interior performance. An important step in pig breeding is to identify and develop criteria for predicting the performance of the animal at an early age for the interior design features. It speeds up the process of evaluating breeding value of animals and improving breeding work in the herd. Using interior performance of animals in breeding work with the herd indicates that today's pork industry makes increasing demands for higher genetic and biological quality in the pigs and their adaptability to conditions and feeding.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Functional Food Regulations in Japan and Globally

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Mohamed Farid ◽  
Kota Kodama ◽  
Teruyo Arato ◽  
Takashi Okazaki ◽  
Tetsuaki Oda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Food Regulations

Since its inception in Japan, functional food has continued to deliver a true added value to a wide spectrum of customers, especially in aging subpopulations. Japanese companies have strong &quot;R&amp;D&quot; capabilities and strong know-how in the field of functional foods. They have the opportunity to grow overseas by promoting and marketing their products. The main challenge is to understand the foreign markets and their regulations to be able to promote Japanese products overseas. To achieve this goal, the study reports a scientific review of the relevant literature and official legislative reports published by the authorized entities in several countries to create a comparison between the rules and regulations in different countries such as China, the European Union, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and the United States. The study results provide suggestions for entry strategies to recommended foreign markets based on regulatory situations. The study also provides a comparison for the different functional food regulations in Japan (FOSHU, FNFC, FFC), along with an introduction for the new local government certification system.

THE RESULTS OF NARROW LEAVED LUPINE VARIETIES EVALUATING FOR ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE TRAITS AND ADAPTABILITY TO THE BRYANSK REGION CONDITIONS

1970 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
P. А. Ageeva ◽  
М. V. Matyukhina ◽  
N. А. Pochutina ◽  
O. M. Gromova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Kaliningrad Region

The narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is a valuable legumes crop used as forage and green manure which is adapted to wide spectrum of soil-and climatic conditions; the crop has short domestication history. The protein content in its seeds and in dry matter of green mass varies from 30.0 to 37.0% and from 16.0 to 22.0 % respectively and depends on ecotype and soil-and-climatic conditions. This lupin specie can accumulate to 300 kg/ha symbiotic nitrogen in biomass and assimilates phosphorus and potassium of heavy available soil layers. It is very technological suitable for common used machinery systems. The State List of breeding achievements of Russia recommends the following regions for lupin cultivation: the North, the North-West, the Central, the Volga-Vyatka, the Middle-Volga, the Central Chernozem, the Ural, the West Siberia and the East Siberia. The tests were carried out in 2017-2020 in the All-Russian Lupin Scientific Research Institute which is located in the South-West of the Central region. Ten varieties and breeding lines bred in the Institute are tested. The samples differ by early ripeness and anthracnose tolerance. The average experimental variety grain yield was 2.38 t/ha. The vars. Uzkolistny 53-02, USN 53-236, Bryanskiy kormovoy and SBS 56-15 have the highest yield and adaptivity (103-113 %). The index of year conditions was revealed; 2017 with the index 0.56 was the most favorable for implementation of grain productivity of the tested narrow-leafed lupin varieties. In the ecological varieties testing the soil-and-climatic conditions of Shatilovskaya experimental station (Orel region) were the most favorable for implementation of variety grain productivity (4.0-4.5 t/ha). Grain yield was 3.0-4.0 t/ha in ecological locations which differ in soil-and-climatic conditions: there are Kaliningrad region, Mordovia Republic, Krasnoyarsk region etc.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Influence of Meteorological Factors and Agricultural Background on the Productivity of Spring Wheat Ulyanovskaya 105 in the Predkamye of the Republic of Tatarstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00165
Author(s):  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Razil Garayev ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Viable Seeds

The most valuable and widespread food crop is spring wheat. Soil and climatic conditions influence the grain productivity and quality. The grain quality is affected by air humidity, insolation, nitrogen content in the soil and agricultural technologies. In 2019–2020, on the experimental field of the agronomic faculty of Kazan State Agrarian University, studies aimed to identify the reaction of the Ulyanovskaya 105 spring soft wheat to meteorological conditions and agricultural background were carried out. The soil was light gray forest, medium loamy. The predecessor was winter rye after pure fallow. Meteorological conditions were favorable for the growth and development of spring wheat. In 2019, the HMC was 1.36, in 2020 – 1.13. The maximum yield in 2019 and in 2020 was obtained with the application of calculated doses of fertilizers when sowing 6 million viable seeds per hectare – 3.0–3.44 tons and 3.67–4.21 tons per hectare.

scholarly journals PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS OF TRITICUM PETROPAVLOVSKYI AND ITS SPONTANEOUS MACROMUTANTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
B. V. Romanov ◽  
K. I. Pimonov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Product Characteristics ◽  
Product Features ◽  
Triticum Petropavlovskyi ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Study Results

The studies were conducted on the experimental field of the FSBSI “Federal Russian Agricultural Research Center”, whose soils are ordinary blackearth (chernozem). 25 productive shoots of each sample were taken in their full ripeness, and, when the seeds reached standard humidity, there was performed a structural analysis in the laboratory. T. petropavlovskyi and spontaneous macromutant forms emerged from cultivation were used as the objects of study. In the process of a long-term cultivation of T. petropavlovskyi in the collection, there were identified numerous spontaneous macromutant forms of a specific nature. The paper presents the study results of the product characteristics of T.petropavlovskyi and spontaneous macromutant forms which are phenotypically close to T. spelta and soft-like T. aestivum and typical soft wheat T. aestivum. It has been established that product characteristics of speltoid macromutant wheat are significantly inferior to the original T. petropavlovskyi and macromutant soft wheat T. aestivum. Product features of soft-like macromutant T. aestivum is similar to the original T. petropavlovskyi, but has a smaller sprout weight and, correspondingly, lower grain productivity. The most promising variety for breeding process is the macromutant typical soft wheat T. aestivum, which forms a larger number of grains and, due to this, has an advantage in ‘kernel weight per head’ over all samples, including the initial form. The value of this macromutant form can also be determined by the high coefficient of specific productivity (Csp), which indicates a more efficient work of its vegetative organs. Consequently, the macromutant T. aestivum, which is phenomenally similar to the existing varieties of soft wheat, promises a high hybridization efficiency with the latter. Thus, the macromutant form of T. aestivum, developed on the basis of the T. petropavlovskyi genotype, is of some value as an initial material for breeding practice.

scholarly journals Ergot development on low-pentosan diploid winter rye

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
V. D. Kobylyansky ◽  
О. V. Solodukhina
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Claviceps Purpurea ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Grain Productivity

Ergot (Claviceps purpurea (Fr) Tul.) is a widespread rye disease. A strong development of the disease can reduce up to 60% of grain productivity and its quality. In the rye gene pool, there was found no samples with complete resis[1]tance to Cl. purpurea. Since 2016, six new winter rye varieties with a low content of water-soluble pentosans in grain have been approved for cultivation in Russia. It has been noticed that low-pentosan varieties are less affected by ergot. The harmful effect of the disease largely depends on the sclerotia parameters. The purpose of the current study was to characterize the development of ergot on the high-pentosan winter rye variety ‘Era’ and its low-pentosan analogue ‘Novaya Era’. There was estimated the infestation of the varieties, the size and weight of the formed sclerotia. It was found that with the same infection level, the infestation of the variety ‘Era’ was 48.5%, and that of the variety ‘Novaya Era’ was 18.1%. On the heads of high-pentosan rye there were formed full-fledged sclerotia with 15.97–23.55 mm in length and 2.68–3.83 mm in width. On the heads of low-pentosan rye ‘Novaya Era’ the fungus formed underdeveloped sclerotia, the mass of which was 4-8 times less than on the variety ‘Era’. The small size and weight of the horns facilitated their removal from the crop during threshing, and reduced rye grain infection with ergot. The frequency of low-pentosan plants occurring in the varietal population affects the infection rate of rye. The frequency of low-pentosan plants in the variety ‘Era’ is 43%, and in the variety ‘Novaya Era’ is 95%. The development of rye varieties characterized by a low content of water-soluble pentosans in grain is connected with breeding for resistance to Cl. purpurea.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF PLANT HEIGHT AND GRAIN YIELD OF COLLECTED SAMPLES OF WINTER TRITICALE

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Sergey Ponomarev ◽  
Mira Ponomareva Mira Leonidovna ◽  
Sergey Fomin ◽  
Gul'naz Mannapova ◽  
Liliya Gil'mullina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Triticale

The aim of the study is to isolate from collection samples of winter triticale the sources of short-stemming and high grain yield for their further involvement in the selection process in the forest-steppe conditions of middle Volga region. The studies were carried out in 2013–2017 on typical gray forest soils. 93 samples of winter triticale of Russian selection, obtained from the collection of All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov. Standard is Bashkir short-stemmed. Weather conditions during the years of study varied significantly. The studied gene pool has a wide genetic diversity in plant height (65 ... 136 cm) and yield (277 ... 579 g/m2). According to the results of analysis of variance, a significant influence of the genotype and year conditions on the manifestation of these characters was established. Plant height and yield depended on both factors and their interaction, but the first trait is determined mainly by the heredity of the varieties (46.1%), and the second - by the growing conditions (61.8%). There was a significant variation in the values of the studied indicators, both by genotypes and by years: the coefficient of intervarietal variation in the average values of the traits of grain yield and plant height for 2013–2017 amounted to 15.0 and 17.2%, respectively, with variation by years 15 , 4 ... 30.7% and 15.1 ... 20.1%, respectively. According to the results of regression analysis, it was found that within the studied gene pool the highest grain yield was formed by samples with a plant height of 86 ... 105 cm. 13 sources of short-stemming with a plant height below 80 cm and 17 high-yielding samples with a yield of 515 ... 579 g/m2 were identified. In these genotypes, the yield excess over Bashkirskaya short-stemmed standard was significant and amounted to 33 ... 97 g/ m2, or 6.8 ... 20.1%. The varieties Tribun, Skif, Kentavr, Sotnik are characterized by the highest breeding value

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