scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF ADAPTABILITY OF WINTER BARLEY VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
A. A. Dontsova ◽  
R. N. Bragin
Keyword(s):  
Double Sequence ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Linear Regression Coefficient ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Processing Program ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level

The improvement of yield stability largely depends on responsiveness to favorable growing conditions and resistance to stress factors. The promising varieties should have stable yields, resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions, such as winter resistance and drought tolerance. In this regard, a purposeful breeding for adaptability, i.e. resistance to stress factors is of great importance. The purpose of the research was to study the adaptability and stability of winter barley varieties. The estimation was carried out on the experimental field of the FSBSI ARC “Donskoy”, which is located in the southern zone of the Rostov region. Through three years, 28 winter barley varieties of domestic and foreign breeding were studied. The location of the plots is systematic in double sequence; the area is 10 m². The calculation of ecological plasticity was carried out according to the method of S. A. Eberchart, W. A. Rassel (1966) (ed. by V. A. Zykin (2005)) using the statistical data processing program Statistica 10. It has been established that the most responsive varieties (bi > 1) to the improvement of growing conditions were ‘Erema’ (bi = 1.60), ‘Foks 1’ (bi = 1.64), ‘Skala’ (bi = 1.61), ‘Explorer 8’ (bi = 1.81) and ‘Capten’ (bi = 2.02). These varieties due to a high level of agricultural technology provide maximum yields. At an extensive background it is better to use the varieties ‘KWS-2-117’ (bi = 0.28), ‘KWS – 2–234’ (bi = 0.48). The most stable varieties of the studied foreign ones were the varieties ‘Wintwalt’ and ‘Explorer 4’ (σ²d = 0.04). Through the years of study, the variety ‘Marusya’ (RF) had the highest yield with a linear regression coefficient bi = 0.54, which indicates great stability of this variety.

scholarly journals Estimation of ecological adaptability and stability of promising winter barley varieties and lines in the competitive variety testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
А. А. Dontsova ◽  
D. Р. Dontsov ◽  
I. М. Zasypkina
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Linear Regression Coefficient ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Variety Testing

Plant breeding plays an important role in increasing grain production and improving its quality. Currently, the de[1]velopment of new ecologically adaptable varieties that can more effectively use the climatic and soil resources of the regions is of great importance. The purpose of the current study was to analyze the parameters of ecological adapt[1]ability and stability of varieties and lines of the competitive variety testing (2018–2020) in the Rostov region. There have been studied five winter barley varieties ‘Timofey’, ‘Erema’, ‘Vivat’, ‘Marusya’, ‘Foks 1’ and six winter barley lines ‘Pallidum 1899’, ‘Pallidum 1972’, ‘Parallelum 1976’, ‘Parallelum 1979’, ‘Parallelum 1980’, ‘Parallelum 1981’ developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”. The sowing was carried out with a Wintersteiger Plotseed seeder, accounting plots area was 10 m². The forecrop was peas. The placement was systematic; the number of repetitions was 6. The factor ‘year’ had the greatest influence on the formation of productivity with 97.07%. The analysis of environmental condi[1]tions showed that there were more favorable growing conditions in 2018 (Ij = +1.27), and unfavorable ones in 2019 (Ij = -1.62). The productivity of the varieties ‘Erema’ (9.4 t / ha; +0.7), ‘Marusya’ (9.7 t / ha; +1.0) and the line ‘Pallidum 1972’ (9.4 t / ha; +0.7) exceeded that of the standard variety. There has been established the varieties and lines ‘Timofey’, ‘Pallidum 1972’, ‘Parallium 1979’, ‘Parallum 1981’ had increased stress resistance. The varieties ‘Erema’, ‘Marusya’ and the line ‘Pallidum 1972’ had a higher compensatory ability. According to the analysis of adaptability, the varieties ‘Erema’, ‘Marusya’, ‘Foks 1’, as well as the line ‘Parallelum 1976’ were identified as responsive with linear regression coefficient values above one. The lines ‘Pallidum 1972’, ‘Parallelum 1979’, ‘Parallelum 1981’ and the variety ‘Marusya’ consistently produced high yields. The lines ‘Pallidum 1972’, ‘Parallum 1979’ and ‘Parallum 1981’ possessed high stability index (L) and PUSS index.

scholarly journals Estimation of ecological adaptability and stability of the promising winter barley varieties in a competitive variety testing

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Evgenij Filippov ◽  
Roman Bragin ◽  
Alexandra Dontsova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Ecological Adaptability ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Processing Software ◽  
High Level ◽  
Variety Testing

There has been estimated the ecological adaptability and stability of winter barley varieties in the conditions of the Rostov region. There were studied 4 varieties and 6 lines of winter barley developed in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The estimation was conducted according to the S.A. Eberchart, W.A. Rassel method (1966, ed. by V.A. Zykin), using a statistical processing software Statistica 10 and Excel. During the years of study (2017-2019), the environmental conditions varied significantly, which allowed reliably estimating the environmental adaptability and stability of the studied varieties and lines. The analysis of adaptability and stability resulted in identification of such responsive varieties as ‘Marusya’ and ‘Yerema’, as well as the line ‘Parallelum 1976’ with linear regression coefficients more than 1. The varieties ‘Marusya’ and ‘Yerema’ were the best ones among the studied varieties and lines, showing high and stable productivity over the years of study. According to the study results the variety ‘Vivat’ showed a sufficiently high level of adaptability. The variety ‘Timofey’ and the lines ‘Parallelum 1979’, ‘Parallelum 1981’, ‘Pallidum 1972’ showed a sufficiently high level of stability.

scholarly journals Job Stress and Burnout among Social Workers in the VUCA World of COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7109
Author(s):  
Gabriela Dima ◽  
Luiza Meseșan Schmitz ◽  
Marinela-Cristina Șimon
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Supervisory Support ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Study Results ◽  
High Level

This paper aimed to explore the changes posed by the new COVID-19 pandemic to the field of social work and its impact on social workers in terms of job stress and burnout in Romania. Two conceptual models were used to frame the discussion: the theoretical framework of VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity) to discuss the challenges that the unprecedented context of the COVID-19 pandemic has created for social workers; and the Job Demands and Resources model (JD-R) to understand job demands perceived as stressors and burnout. Based on convergent mixed methods, the study sample consisted of 83 social workers employed in statutory and private social services in Romania, from different areas of intervention. Results showed that social workers perceived a high level of job stress related to work during the pandemic, which was associated with higher levels of burnout in the areas of personal burnout (average score 55.9) and work-related burnout (average score 52.5). Client-related burnout was lower (average score 38.4), indicating that stress was generated mainly by organisational factors and work-related factors (workload, aligning to new legislative rules and decisions, inconsistency, instability, ambiguity of managerial decisions, and lack of clarity of working procedures) and less by client-related stressors (lack of direct contact with clients, risk of contamination, managing beneficiaries’ fears, and difficulties related to technology). High job demands and limited job resources (managerial and supervisory support, financial resources, and recognition and reward) led to a high to very high level of work-related burnout for 15.7% and an upper-medium level for 44.2% of respondents. A group of 27.7% reported lower to medium levels of work-related burnout, while 14.5% had very low levels, managing to handle stress factors in a healthy manner. Study results pointed to the importance of organisational support and the development of a self-care plan that help to protect against job stress and burnout. Recommendations were made, putting forward the voice of fieldworkers and managers fostering initiatives and the application of sustainability-based measures and activities designed to deal with the challenges of the VUCA environment.

Physico-chemical parameters of the best varieties of peach in the subtropics of Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.S. Abilfazova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Subtropical Zone ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

the characteristic the best varieties peach plants cultivated in the subtropical zone Krasnodar Territory is given. The study collection plantations peach in the subtropical zone Krasnodar Territory has been carried out since 2009 at the Federal Research Center Scientific Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The results of many years of research have identified the best peach varieties (Redhaven, Favorita Morettini, Larisa, Medin red, Veteran, Fayet), distinguished by resistance to stress factors and high palatability of the fruits.

SENSITIVITY OF FORSYTHIA POLLEN TO THE FACTORS OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE MEGAPOLIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-74
Author(s):  
Matiashuk R. ◽  
Tkachenko I.
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level

The sensitivity of the reproductive structures of Forsythiasuspensato the complex influence of undifferentiated environmental factors has been studied.The monitoring sites are located in 15 different park ecosystems in 6 administrative districts of Kyiv. Data from the Borys Sreznevsky Central Geophysical Observatory (air pollution index (API) and meteorological conditions for 2018-2020) were used to assess the conditions of the growthenvironment. The influence of a complex of ecologically important factors during the flowering offorsythia on the quality of the formedpollen is noted. Thus, growing plantsfor a long time in conditions with a low level of air pollution (APIup to 5.0) in abnormal weather conditions in 2020,40-50% less fertile grainswere formed. And forplants, which grow in areas with increasedlevel (API5.0-7.0) and high level (API7.0-14.0) of air pollution, the share of fertile grains in the pollen population decreased by 60-80%. In the closed bud,the pollen has higher resistance to a complex of exogenous growth factors. Forsythia plants, which are located in large parklands, lose less pollen quality in adverse weather conditions and affected byurbotechnogenic factors. F. suspensa is an acceptable indicator of the level of environmental pollution by the deviation of pollen fertility from the control value. In areas with high aerogenic load, for example, areas with large highways (Bus Station «Darnytsia»), as well as with a significant recreational load (HolosiivskyiPark, Recreation Park on the Olena Teliha Street) much smaller pollen is formed. Itis noted that the conditions of forsythia growth affect the quantitative indicators of the formed pollen not only in the flower but also in the closed bud, which confirms the chronic effect of the complex of ingredients of aerotechnogenic emissions on plants of this species. The coefficient of sterility of pollen (CS) was used to objectively compare the data of 2019 and 2020 on the condition of the generative organs of F. suspensa in the studied areas. The calculation of the CS confirmed that in the closedbud pollen has a higher resistance to exogenous factors. In areas with high and increased levels of air pollution,during budding and flowering of plants (March-May,) there is a much higher CS of pollen of F. suspensа. Significant parkland territoriesof the city (for example, HolosiivskyiPark, Botanical Garden named after O. V. Fomin) provide less stressful conditions for growth and development of plants, even with the "very high" level of air pollution (ISA above 14.0) observed in April 2020 on this territory.The study of the susceptibility of F. suspensаpollen to growing conditions will be continued, as the prospects of using this species for bioindication of ecological status and zoning of park ecosystems of Kyiv according to the gradient of anthropogenic impact have been revealed.Key words:forsythia, fertility, coefficient of sterility of pollen, bioindication. Проведене дослідження чутливості репродуктивних структур Forsythiasuspensaдо комплексного впливу недиференційованих факторів навколишнього середовища. Моніторингові ділянки розташовані в 15 різних паркових екосистемах 6 адміністративних районівКиєва. Для оцінки умов середовища вирощування рослин використані дані Центральної геофізичної обсерваторії імені Бориса Срезневського (індекс забруднення атмосферного повітря (ІЗА) та метеорологічні умови за 2018-2020 рр.). Відмічено вплив комплексу екологічно важливих факторів (за показниками відхилення від норми середньої місячної температури повітря та місячної кількості опадів у Києві) уперіод квітування форзиції на якість сформованого пилку. Так, за тривалої експозиції рослин в умовах з низьким рівнем забруднення повітря (ІЗА до 5,0) в аномальних погодних умовах 2020 р. сформувалось на 40-50% менше фертильних зерен. А у форзиції, яка росте на територіях з підвищеним (ІЗА 5,0-7,0) та високим (ІЗА 7,0-14,0) рівнями забруднення частка фертильних зерен в популяції пилку зменшилась на 60-80%. У закритому бутоні пилок має вищу стійкість до комплексу екзогенних факторів середовища зростання. Рослини форзиції, які розташовані у значних за площею паркових насадженнях, менше втрачають якість пилку за несприятливих погодних умов та дії урботехногенних чинників. За відхиленням показника фертильності пилку від контрольного значення F. suspensaє допустимим індикатором рівня забруднення середовища. На територіях з підвищеним аерогенним навантаженням, наприклад, ділянки з автотранспортними магістралями (Автостанція «Дарниця»), а також зі значним рекреаційним навантаженням (Голосіївський парк імені М. Рильського, Парк відпочинку по вул. Олени Теліги)формується значно дрібніший пилок. Відмічено, що умови росту позначаються на кількісних показниках сформованого пилку не лише в квітці, але й в закритому бутоні, що підтверджує хронічний вплив комплексу інгредієнтів аеротехногенних викидів нарослини цього виду. Для об’єктивного співставлення даних 2019 і 2020 рр. щодо стану генеративних органів F. suspensaна досліджених ділянках був використаний коефіцієнт стерильності (КС) пилку. Розрахунок КС підтвердив, що в закритому бутоні пилок має вищу стійкість до впливу екзогенних чинників. Вищий КС був у F. suspense, з ділянок, на яких в період бутонізації і квітування рослин (березень-травень) відмічений високий і підвищений рівень забруднення атмосфери. Значні за площею паркові насадження міста (наприклад, Голосіївський парк, Ботанічний сад ім.акад. О.В. Фоміна) забезпечують менш напружені умови росту і розвитку рослин навіть при відміченому в квітні 2020 р. «дуже високому» рівні забруднення повітря (ІЗА вище 14,0) на цих територіях. Дослідження чутливості пилку F. suspenseдо умов вирощування буде продовжене,оскільки виявлена перспективність використання цього виду для біоіндикації екологічного стану та зонування паркових екосистем Києва за градієнтом антропогенного впливу.Ключові слова: форзиція, фертильність, індекс стерильності, біоіндикація.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF LEAVES OF THREE SPECIES OF ARTEMISIA L. GROWING IN THE ELTON REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Галина Табаленкова
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Buffer System ◽  
Amino Acid Analyzer ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
High Level

The results of studies of the qualitative composition and quantitative content of amino acids (AAs) in the leaves of three plant species of the genus Artemisia, widespread in the Elton region, were presented. Protein AAs were determined on an AAA T-339 amino acid analyzer (Czech Republic) after hydrolysis of a sample in 6N HCl at 105 °C for 24 h, free AAs – on an AAA-400 amino acid analyzer (Czech Republic) in a lithium buffer system. The protein AAs amount varied from 66 mg / g in A. lerchiana to 113 mg / g dry weight in A. santonica. 17 AAs were found in composition of these species, aspartic and glutamic acids were dominant. The content of free AAs varied from 4.4 mg / g in A. santonica to 8.3 mg / g dry weight in A. pauciflora. 14 AAs have been identified, among them proline was the predominant free AA. The share of proline was 75-81% of the total free AAs. Among the minor components, 3-4 compounds with a content above 2% dominated. The free AAs contain 3 non-proteinogenic ones (ornithine, citruline, and γ-aminobutyric acid). A. lerchiana and A. pauciflora species were similar in protein and free amino acids, probably due to the same growing conditions. A high level of free proline, together with a complex of biologically active substances in Artemisia species, which grow abundantly in the Elton region, allow to consider the possibility of their use as a medicinal raw material.

scholarly journals Yield, plasticity and resilience of winter triticale in the conditions of the Moscow region

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Irina Nikolaevna Voronchikhina ◽  
Viktor Viktorovich Voronchikhin ◽  
Valentina Sergeevna Rubets ◽  
Vladimir Valentinovich Pylnev ◽  
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Shadskikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Hexaploid Triticale ◽  
Linear Regression Coefficient ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Russian Federation

The aim of the work was to assess the varieties of winter hexaploid triticale in terms of yield, plasticity and stability in the central region of the Non-Black Earth Zone of the Russian Federation. Field research using the methodology of the State Sort Network was carried out on the experimental field of the Department of Genetics, Biotechnology, Breeding and Seed Production of the P.I. Lisitsyn RGAU-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev in 2014-2017 The linear regression coefficient (bi) was used for the estimation. As a result of the study of 43 varieties, lines and hybrids from the collection of the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production of the Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev, 6 samples of winter triticale with high genetic plasticity (Hermes, Kaskad, PRAG 468, PRAG 509, PRAG 152, hybrid PRAG 531 x PRAG 473) and 10 samples with high stability (Vocalise, Linii 19, Bard, KNIISKh 32 , Tornado, Hewo, Flamingo, Dubrava, Timbo and Legion), which can be further used to create varieties for various levels of agricultural technology.

scholarly journals Impact of microbial preparations on the activity of rhizosphere and the productivity of oil flax under no-till

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.N. Melnichuk ◽  
◽  
A.A. Gongalo ◽  
A.Yu. Egovtseva ◽  
E.R. Abdurashytova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Nitrogen Fixers ◽  
No Till ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Direct Sowing

Microbial preparations improve mineral nutrition of plants, protect against phytopathogens, and increase their resistance to stress factors. The aim of our research is to study the effect of microbial preparations on the biological activity of rhizosphere and the productivity of oil flax under no-till in the Crimean Steppe. Microbiological analysis of the rhizosphere of oil flax showed that there is a tendency to increase the number of microorganisms of various ecological and trophic groups both under the conditions of the conventional farming system (CFS) and no-till when seeds are inoculated with a complex of microbial preparations (CMP). Under CFS, the number of microorganisms using mineral forms of nitrogen as nutrition increased by 28 %; pedotrophs – by 37 %; ammonifiers and oligotrophs increased under both farming systems. The total number of nitrogen fixers increased by 29 % under CFS as a result of biological preparations use, while under no-till there was only a trend towards increasing the amount of azotobacter. The number of actinomycetes increased under the influence of CMP by 50% under direct sowing; micromycetes decreased under both farming systems. The number of cellulose-degrading microorganisms increased by 18 and 27 % under no- till and CFS, respectively. The yield of oilseed flax under no-till was 0.11 t/ha (12.9 %) higher than under conventional farming system. On average, over three years (2017-2019), an increase in yield amounted to 0.12 t/ha (19%) due to the use of microbial preparations.

Prison stress in women and its negative impact in the process of correcting

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Марина Владиславовна Минстер
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
Subjective Reaction ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Prison Environment ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gender Aspect

В статье рассматриваются причины и факторы, способствующие возникновению пенитенциарного стресса у осужденных к лишению свободы женщин. Стресс как субъективная реакция психики на изоляцию от общества больше связан с воздействием пенитенциарной среды и способствует развитию деструктивных проявлений у женщин, что негативно влияет на исправительное воздействие и часто проявляется на стадии адаптации и перед освобождением. В гендерном аспекте результаты исследования показали, что осужденные к лишению свободы мужчины проявляют устойчивость к стрессорным воздействиям при высоком уровне стресса, депрессивные состояния среди них в несколько раз меньше, чем у женщин. Пенитенциарный стресс у женщин является более контрастным, так как уровень психоэмоциональных переживаний выше и требуется значительно больше времени для восстановления, чем мужчинам. Исследуется практика применения индивидуальных и групповых психокоррекционных методик, осуществляемых в процессе исполнения наказания, которые создают условия для самоисправления женщины. Оптимизация исправительного воздействия возможна при условии включения осужденных женщин в воспитательно-ресоциализационные и социально-реабилитационные программы с учетом психофизиологических особенностей и анализа психодинамики их активности, с использованием дополнительного положительного влияния близких родственников и общественности на разных этапах отбывания наказания. The article discusses the causes and factors contributing to stress in prison of persons sentenced to deprivation of liberty of women. Stress as a subjective reaction of the psyche to isolation from society is more related to the impact of the prison environment and contributes to the development of destructive manifestations in women, which negatively affects the corrective effect and often manifests itself at the stage of adaptation and before release. In the gender aspect, the results of the study showed that men sentenced to imprisonment show resistance to stress at a high level of stress, depression among them several times less, unlike women. Penitentiary stress in women is more contrast, because the level of psycho-emotional experiences is higher and it takes much more time to recover than men. The author of the article studies the practice of applying individual and group psychocorrection techniques carried out in the process of execution of punishment, which create conditions for self-correction of women. Optimization of treatment possible, subject to the inclusion of women offenders in a correctional reintegration and social rehabilitation programme taking into account psycho-physiological characteristics and analysis of the psychodynamics of activity, using the influence of relatives and the public at various stages of punishment.

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