scholarly journals Effect of Microwave Wi-Fi Radiation at Frequency of 2.4 GHz on Epileptic Behavior of Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mahmoudi ◽  
M B Shojaeifard ◽  
S Nematollahii ◽  
S M J Mortazavi ◽  
A R Mehdizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Threshold Time ◽  
Group 2

Background: Electromagnetic fields (EMF) with different intensities are widely used at home, offices and public places.Today, there is a growing global concern about the effects of human exposure to EMFs. Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases, affecting 50 million people of all ages worldwide. We aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to Wi-Fi radiation on epileptic behavior of rats.Methods: 147 male rats, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into seven groups; negative control (no intervention), sham 1(distilled water), positive control (Pentylentetrazol [PTZ]), intervention group 1 (PTZ + Wi-Fi “off”), sham 2 (distilled water + Wi-Fi “off”), sham 3 (distilled water + Wi-Fi “on”), and intervention group 2 (PTZ + Wi-Fi “on”). The rats were exposed to Wi-Fi for 2h at a distance of 30cm from a commercial Wi-Fi router. Convulsive behaviors of rats were monitored and scored based on the intensity and type by measuring latency/threshold time, number of convulsions, sum of scores and durations of seizure, and duration of score 6 seizure. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to analyze the data.Results: Convulsion was observed in interventions Group 4 and Group 7, and positive control. The mean number of events, and sum of scores were significantly different in intervention 2 than other two groups. However, the differences in mean threshold, mean sum of durations and “ time to show convulsion with score 6 ” were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion: Due to limitations of our study including the sample size, these findings should be interpreted with caution.  In this study, exposure to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiation showed significant beneficial effects on the epileptic behaviour of rats. More experiments are needed to verify if these exposures can be used as a therapeutic approach for amelioration of seizures in epilepsy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mutagenic and Antimutagenic Activity of Methanol Extract of Cousinia thomsonii against Cyclophosphamide

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Shafi Khan ◽  
Khalid Bashir ◽  
Naveed Gulzar ◽  
Yaseen Maqbool Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The present study was conducted to evaluate the mutagenic and antimutagenic potential of Cousinia thomsonii (CT) extract in bone marrow cells of male wistar rats using some important parameters like micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MnPCE), mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CA) and polychromatic erythrocyte to normochromatic erythrocyte ratio (PCE/NCE). 30 male rats of wistar strain were divided into 6 groups with 5 rats each group. Group 1 rats were taken as negative control having free access to distilled water and rat feed. Group 2 rats were taken as positive control treated with mutagen cyclophosphamide (CP) at dose of 60 mg/kg b wt. for 2 days. Group 3 and 4 were treated with CT extract at dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg b wt. for 20 days. Group 5 and 6 were treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg b wt of CT extract for first 18 days and for last 2 days with CP at dose concentration of 60 mg/kg. It was found that rats treated with CT extract alone did not produce any significant changes in MnPCE, PCE/NCE ratio, CA and MI when compared with control treated rats (group 1). However in group 5 and 6 rats treated with CT extract in combination with CP a protective effect was observed against the cyclophosphamide induced cellular mutagenicity. In concluding remark Cousinia thomsonii was found to show antigenotoxic potential and also produce protective antimutagenic effects against CP induced chromosomal damage.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SUSU BEKATUL TERHADAP KONSENTRASI KOLESTEROL DAN TRIGLISERIDAPADA TIKUS PUTIH WISTAR DIABETES

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Husnul Khatimah ◽  
Saifuddin Sirajuddin ◽  
Zainal Zainal
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT In diabetics there is usually an increase in free fatty acids in the blood and increases the concentration of cholecerols and triglycerides, this condition is called diabetes dyshidemia. This study aimed to find out at the effect of bran milk treatment on the changes of the concetration of cholesterol and triglycerides in diabetetic white wistar rats. Conducted on May 15 until 15 August 2018. Experimental research pre-post test with control design. Subjects of twenty wistar white rats were made diabetic by injecting alloxan 140mg / kg. After being declared diabetic, the rats were divided into four groups, namely group 1 (negative control), group 2 (positive control), group 3 (bran milk 0.54g / 200 gr) and group 4 (bran milk 1.08g / 200gr). The intervention was given for fourteen days. The data analysis used the paired T-test to test the subject before and afterthe treatment and the One-Way ANOVA test was used to test the difference between the groups. The research results indicated that  the treatment with bran milk there were no significant differences in cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the four groups. But when viewed from changes before and after the intervention showed that group 4 (bran milk 1.08g / 200gr) decreased cholesterol concentration and in group 3 (bran milk 0.54g / 200gr) a decrease in triglycerides was better than group 1 (control negative) and group 2 (positive control). It was concluded that the administration of bran milk can reduce the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in wistar diabetic white rats.Keywords : Bran milk, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Rats, Diabetic

scholarly journals To Evaluate the Diuretic Activity in Ethanolic Extract of Leaves of Delonix Regia in Wistar Albino Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 959-963
Author(s):  
Jayanthi M K ◽  
Siddamma Amoghimath
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

To study the diuretic activity in ethanolic extract of leaves of delonix regia in wistar albino rats. After obtaining the permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IAEC) Wistar albino rats were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups. The animals were fasted and deprived of food and water 20hrs prior to the experiment. On the day of experimentation, Group 1 negative control received Normal saline (25ml/kg), Group 2 positive control received Furosemide 20mg/kg body weight, and Group 3 received ethanonic extract of delonix regia 100mg/kg and Group 4 received ethanonic extract of delonix regia 200 mg/kg. Delonix regia increase the excretion of sodium and water at the dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of body weight. The diuretic index is 5.93 and 6.45 at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg of delonix regia respectively. The diuretic activity if delonix regia 100mg/kg is 0.61 and 0.67 at dose 200mg/kg, which is more than that of negative control but less when compared to positive control. Ethanonic extract of Delonix regia showed significant diuretic activity at both 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg doses.

scholarly journals Effect of Trigonelline in a Model of Apoptosis in Rat Retina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevinç Arzu Postacı ◽  
Ülkü Çeliker ◽  
Nevin İlhan ◽  
Ferda Dağlı ◽  
Ali Dal
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rat Retina ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of drop trigonelline and oral trigonelline (TG) treatment in a model of N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced retinal apoptosis in rat retina. To compare with brimonidine tartrate (BT) drops with known retinal neuroprotective activity.Methods: 42 Wistar Albino male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 7 each. No action was applied to Group 1. Group 2 (negative control) was given intravitreal Phosphate Bufferd Saline (PBS) on the first day of the experiment and did not receive any treatment. Groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given intravitreal NMDA on the first day of the experiment. Group 3 (positive control) didn't receive post-injection treatment. For 21 days from the second day of the experiment, oral TG was given to group 4, TG drops were given group 5 and BT drops were given group 6. Histopathological and biochemical evaluations were performed in all groups.Results: Severe retinal degeneration was observed in group 3 compared to group 2 (p<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 (p>0.05). TUNEL, Brn3a and caspase3 staining in group 5 and group 6 were similar to group 2 (p>0.05). Group 5 and group 6 compared to group 3 were observed significant decrease in iNOS levels(p<0.05). Decreasing MDA levels and increasing SOD levels were detected in group 4,5,6 compared to group 3 (p<0.05).Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that TG drops showed similar retinal neuroprotective efficacy to BT drops.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF VITAMIN E (α TOCOPHEROL) ADMINISTRATION ON APOPTOSIS OF GERMINAL CELLS EPITHELIUM TESTIS IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY WHITE STRAIN RATS AFTER EXPOSED BY CISPLATIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Nugroho ◽  
Wahjoe Djatisoesanto ◽  
Doddy M Soebadi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

Objective: To determine the differences of germinal epithelial testicular cell apoptosis in white Sprague Dawley strain rat that received combination of cisplatin and vitamin E compared to Sprague Dawley strain rat that received cisplatin only. Material & Methods:  Twenty four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups randomly. Group 1 Negative Control (NC) was given an injection of 1 cc 0.9% normal saline intraperitoneally as a placebo, group 2 Positive Control (PC) was given 5 mg/kgBW cisplatin intraperitoneally, group 3 (P1) was given cisplatin injection 5 mg/kgBW intraperitoneally + vitamin E (α tocopherol) 50 mg/kgBW by gavage and group 4 (P2) was given cisplatin injection 5 mg/kgBW intraperitoneally + vitamin E (α tocopherol) 200 mg/kgBW by gavage. Vitamin E (α tocopherol) was given 3 weeks before up to 4 weeks after cisplatin injection. Observation of the germinal epithelial cells apoptosis was carried out by calculating germinal epithelial cells apoptosis in the cross-section preparations of the seminiferous tubule which gave a positive reaction to the apoptag staining, using a 400x magnification light microscope. Results: Apoptosis on positive control (PC) group was different significantly compared to the negative control (NC) group (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the apoptosis of germinal epithelial testicular cells in the cisplatin + vitamin E 50 mg/kgBW compared to the PC group (p<0.05). The cisplatin + vitamin E 200 mg/kgBW group; had a lower number of apoptosis compared to the cisplatin + vitamin E 50 mg/kgBW (p<0.05). Conclusion: Vitamin E provides a protective effect on decreasing the amount of apoptosis due to cisplatin exposure. The protective effect of vitamin E is dose-dependent.

Amelioration of Spermiogram and Reproductive Hormonal Changes with Nigella Sativa and Eurycoma Longifolia Treatments in Rats Exposed to Lead Acetate

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdulrazzaq Assi1
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Aim The current study was designed to estimate the influence of Nigella sativa and Eurycoma longifolia pre-treatment and Lead acetate administration on the reproductive hormonal and spermiogram of rats. Materials and Methods: Five groups of Sprague Dawley rats have been divided into 6 rats each. Distilled water was given to Group 1 (NC) and set as the negative control. Lead acetate 20 mg/kg/day orally for one month was administered to Group 2 (PC) and set as the positive control. Group 3 (T1) were administered 20 mg/kg LA and 300 mg/kg Nigella sativa both orally/day for one month. Group 4 (T2) were received 20 mg/kg LA and 500 mg/kg Eurycoma longifolia orally/day for one month. Group 5 (T3) were administered 300 mg/kg Nigella sativa, 20 mg/kg LA, and 500 mg/kg Eurycoma longifolia orally/day for one month. Results: In this study, five groups of Sprague Dawley rats have been divided into 6 male rats each and grouped as follows; Group 1(Negative control); Group 2 (Positive control; 20mg/kg lead acetate); Group 3 (LA 20mg/kg + NS 300mg/kg); Group 4 (LA 20mg/kg + EL 500mg/kg); Group 5 (LA 20mg/kg+ NS 300mg/kg + EL 500mg/kg). All administrations were given daily for 30 days. The rats were euthanized and serum and epididymal samples were collected for reproductive hormonal assays and spermiogram determination. The estrogen concentration was less (p less than 0.05) in the EL treated group, whereas in the positive control (PC), the concentration of follicle stimulation hormones, as well as luteinizing hormones, were lower (p less than 0.05). Testosterone concentration was found to be higher (p less than 0.05) in the PC in comparison to other groups. The motility, concentration, and viability of the sperm were all low in the PC and high (p less than 0.05) in the treatment groups. The sperm abnormality was higher in the PC in compared with other groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed the preventive effect of Nigella sativa and Eurycoma longifolia administration against alterations in spermiogram and hormones caused by LA.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF GENISTEIN-RICH EDAMAME ON LDL, HS-CRP LEVEL, NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND MONOCYTE-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO: STUDY ON RAT MODEL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS: Experimental Study in Atherosclerosis Induced Male Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Reza Dian Pratama ◽  
Nani Maharani ◽  
Udin Bahrudin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp

ABSTRACT Background: Atherosclerosis is related to hypercholesterolaemia and inflammation. Edamame is one of the soybeans with high levels of genistein which protects the formation of atherosclerosis. Purpose: This research aimed to evaluate the effects of genistein-rich edamame on LDL, hs-CRP, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) on atherosclerosis-induced mice.   Method: This research is a true experimental study with posttest only-controlled group design. Thirty male rats were divided randomly into five groups: negative control group without any intervention, positive control group with atherosclerosis induction, first intervention group with edamame extract supplementation, second intervention group with genistein-rich edamame extract supplementation, and third intervention group treated with atorvastatin. After 28 days, serum LDL, hs-CRP, LDL and MLR were measured.   Results: There were significant differences (p<0.001) of hs-CRP values between the second intervention group compared to the negative control, positive control and first intervention group. Edamame extract lowered LDL cholesterol levels in the second intervention group compared to positive control, but the difference were not statistically significant. There were significant differences (p<0.05) of MLR values between the second intervention group and the negative control and also the first intervention group, and significant differences between the second intervention group and the negative control and also the first intervention group. There was no significant difference on NLR values between all groups.   Conclusion: The administration of genistein rich edamame may reduces the inflammation in the blood vessels better than edamame extract represented by lower hs-CRP and MLR values compared to the edamame extract.   Keywords: Genistein rich-edamame, LDL, hsCRP, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-lymphocyte ratio

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF GP-11 KHV DNA VACCINE IN Cyprinus carpio koi

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Sekar Ayu Chairunnisa ◽  
Sri Nuryati ◽  
Alimuddin Alimuddin ◽  
Sri Murtini ◽  
Ayi Santika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Koi Herpesvirus ◽  
Naked Dna ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Dead Fish ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio Koi

Koi herpesvirus (KHV) is one of the major pathogen for koi and common carp which cause high mortality and economic losses for the farmer. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of glycoprotein-11 (GP-11) KHV DNA vaccine and compared to GP-25 KHV DNA vaccine. The vaccine in the form of naked DNA plasmidwas delivered by intramuscularly injection to the 3-month-old koi. The fish were divided into six groups, i.e. unvaccinated group (negative control C- and  positive control C+), and vaccinated group (2.5 μg/100 μl of GP-11 (group 1), 7.5 μg/100 μl of GP-11 (group 2), 12.5 μg/100 μl of GP-11 (group 3), and 12.5 μg/100 μl of GP-25 (group 4)). At day 42 post vaccination, all fish of each groups were challenged by injecting KHV titre 10-3 FID50. Number of dead fish was counted everyday after the challenge until 30 days. The results showed that vaccinated fish were had survival rate of 83.33-93.33% (group 2, 3 and 4). It’s show that GP-11 KHV DNA vaccine has high efficacy. As conclusion, GP-11 DNA vaccine could be an alternative DNA vaccine for preventing KHV infection.

UJI AKTIVITAS HEPATOPROTEKTOR KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) DAN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanii) TERHADAP KADAR MDA YANG DIINDUKSI PARASETAMOL

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Yuni Asri Mulatsih Agami ◽  
Eka Wisnu Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dose Combination

Kasus penyakit hati semakin meningkat seiring penggunaan senyawa hepatotoksin salah satunya karena penggunaan parasetamol dengan dosis berlebih. Hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan produksi radikal bebas sehingga memicu terjadinya stress oksidatif yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan jaringan yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA). Stress oksidatif dapat diatasi dengan antioksidan dari berbagai tanaman. Kulit kayu manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 53ppm dan daun pandan wangi 39,7%  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi dan kayu manis dalam menurunkan kadar MDA. tikus yang diinduksi parasetamol. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental, dilakukan selama 9 hari dengan 30 ekor tikus jantan dibagi menjadi 6 Kelompok, yaitu: Normal diberi aquadest, Kontrol Positif diberi silimarin 100 mg/kgBB, Kontrol Negatif diberi CMC-Na 0,05%, serta 3 kelompok lainnya diberi kombinasi ekstrak daun pandan wangi:kayu manis berturut-turut dosis I (25:75), dosis II (50:50), dosis III (75:25). Semua kelompok diinduksi parasetamol 2,5 g/kgBB pada hari ke-7  setelah 30 menit perlakuan, kecuali kelompok normal. Pada hari ke 9 dilakukan pengukuran kadar MDA dengan metode TBARs menggunakan spektrofotometri. Pemberian kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi dan kayu manis dapat menurunkan kadar MDA dengan kombinasi dosis yang paling optimal adalah 75:25 berdasarkan statistik dengan nilai signifikan 0,000<0,05 dibandingkan dengan kelompok negatif.    Cases of liver disease have increased with the use of hepatotoxin compounds, one of which is due to the use of paracetamol with excessive doses. This can increase the production of free radicals so that it triggers oxidative stress which can cause tissue damage which is characterized by increased levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA). Oxidative stress can be overcome with antioxidants from various plants. Cinnamomum burmanii has antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 53ppm and Pandanus amarrylifolius 39.7%. This study aims to determine the combined activity of ethanol extract of Pandanus amarrylifolius and Cinnamomum burmanii  in reducing MDA levels. Paracetamol-induced rats. Research using experimental methods, conducted for 9 days with 30 male rats divided into 6 groups, namely: Normal given aquadest, Positive Control were given silimarin 100 mg / kgBB, Negative Control was given CMC-Na 0.05%, and 3 other groups were given a combination of Pandanus amarrylifolius extract: Cinnamomum burmanii dose I (25:75), dose II (50:50), dose III (75:25). All groups induced paracetamol 2.5 g / kgBB on the 7th day after 30 minutes of treatment, except the normal group. On the 9th day MDA levels were measured using the TBARs method using spectrophotometry. Giving a combination of Pandanus amarrylifolius and Cinnamomum burmanii ethanol extract can reduce MDA levels with the most optimal dose combination is 75:25 based on statistics with a significant value of 0,000<0.05 compared with the negative group.

scholarly journals Resistance to Fracture of Dental Roots Obturated with Different Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berkan Celikten ◽  
Ceren Feriha Uzuntas ◽  
Kamran Gulsahi
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Canal Filling ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Group 2

The aim of this study was to compare the vertical fracture resistance of roots obturated with different root canal filling materials and sealers. Crowns of 55 extracted mandibular premolar teeth were removed to provide root lengths of 13 mm. Five roots were saved as negative control group (canals unprepared and unfilled). Fifty root canals were instrumented and then five roots were saved as positive control group (canals prepared but unfilled). The remaining 45 roots were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n=15root/group) and obturated with the following procedures: in group 1, glass ionomer-based sealer and cone (ActiV GP obturation system); in group 2, bioceramic sealer and cone (EndoSequence BC obturation system); and in group 3, roots were filled with bioceramic sealer and cone (Smartpaste bio obturation system). All specimens were tested in a universal testing machine for measuring fracture resistance. For each root, the force at the time of fracture was recorded in Newtons. The statistical analysis was performed by using Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc test. There were no significant differences between the three experimental groups. The fracture values of three experimental and negative control groups were significantly higher than the positive control group. Within the limitations of this study, all materials increased the fracture resistance of instrumented roots.

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