scholarly journals Work as a means of convicted persons correction in prisons: current experience of foreign countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Tetyana Nikolaienko
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Domestic Space ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Detention Facilities ◽  
Current Experience

The article is devoted to the analysis of the practice and scientists’ legal positions on the peculiarities of the sentences’ execution in the form of imprisonment in Germany, Norway, USA, France in terms of the effectiveness of achieving the goal of convicts’ correction through the prism of their employment. In the current conditions of reforming the penitentiary system of Ukraine, with the introduction of a pilot project to create paid chambers in pre-trial detention centers and large-scale sale of prisons, restructuring the infrastructure of pre-trial detention centers, conservation of detention facilities, the issue of convicts’ correction has been significantly minimized. It has been pointed out that within the framework of ensuring the rights of convicts, compliance with the conditions of their detention, the introduction of «penitentiary probation», the issues of creating more effective tools in order to motivate convicts to work for real correction and create an effective mechanism for their implementation remain still open. It has been suggested that for solving these issues it is expedient to use the comparative approach to study the current experience of countries that have proved their effectiveness in this field and achieved better results. An analysis of the effectiveness of the convicts’ correction in the frame of state policy implementation in this area in Germany, Norway, USA, France, showed that the issues, related to the executions organization, prisoners’ employment, the possibility of obtaining certain funds, ensuring proper health care is carried out within the so-called «import of services». The peculiarities of their activity have been outlined, the legal aspects of standardization have been determined and the possibilities of their use in the domestic space have been formulated. It has been proposed to consider the correction of a person as the purpose of punishment through the prism of its effectiveness in the context of the state policy of reforming the penitentiary system of Ukraine. It has been recommended: to introduce the involvement of the private sector in the executions organization in the form of imprisonment; to regulate the order of its activity, particularly the companies that will be involved in it; to determine the procedure for convicts’ employment with work types standardization that will contribute to their correction and the real possibility of remuneration in accordance with current legislation; to provide opportunities for convicts to study and improve their skills in case of involvement in various types of work; to eliminate any deductions from the convicts’ earnings, except those provided by a court decision; to specify for the daily detention of convicts in case of their employment impossibility; to establish control over the companies activities that will be involved in the sentences execution organization.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE POLICY REGARDING PRISONS PRIVATIZATION: POSSIBILITIES AND CHALLENGES OF THE PRE-SENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Nikolaienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Prisons ◽  
National Space ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Provision Of Services

. The article is devoted to the privatization of prisons and the provision of commercial services to improve the detention conditions of persons taken into custody in the pre-trial detention centers of the State Penitentiary Service of Ukraine. These issues have become relevant in modern conditions of experimental projects of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine. The author of the article has used a comparative approach to define the effectiveness of the implemented projects and the efficiency of public policy in this area. The experience of countries, in which private prisons and the provision of services on a paying basis have proven their effectiveness and gained popularity in the world, has been studied. An analysis of the state policy implementation in this area in such countries as the United States, Norway, France has been accomplished. It showed that paid ser-vices related to the organization of executions, employment of prisoners, the possibility of obtaining certain funds, ensuring health care is carried out exclusively by organizations (corporations), which provide them. Peculiarities of their activity, legal aspects of standardization and possibilities of use in the national space have been investigated. An analysis of a experimental project introduced by the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine to provide commercial services to persons taken into custody in pre-trial detention facilities of the State Penitentiary Service of Ukraine and a project to sell prisons has been carried out. It has been established that for the effectiveness of their implementation it is advisable to take into account the conditions in which the state is, its capabilities, current realities, including the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic and the probable risks. It has been proposed to consider the provision of commercial services to im-prove the conditions of persons taken into custody in pre-trial detention centers and the privatization of prisons as a multifaceted phenomenon in the context of the state policy of reforming (development) of the penitentiary service. It has been recom-mended to involve the private sector in the state penitentiary system, taking into ac-count the foreign experience, normalize the legal aspects of its activities, optimize the network of existing state-owned enterprises, penitentiary institutions, to ensure the efficiency of their functioning and to provide adequate detention conditions of accused persons (convicts) through effective interaction of the penitentiary service (state) with the private sector and active involvement of local authorities.

The Efficiency of Russia's Foreign Financial Assets Realization

2004 ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
B. Kheifets
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Foreign Countries

Russia's financial requirements in respect to foreign countries have considerably lowered during recent years without noticeable return for the country's budget. Different assessments of the value of foreign financial assets are considered in the article and main reasons that have led to their lowering are revealed. The state policy in the field is critically analyzed, alternative variants of increasing the effectiveness of foreign financial assets realization are offered.

First grammar books in the Habsburg Monarchy: individual initiative and regulatory interference by the state (1760s–1770s)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2 (11)) ◽  
pp. 137-157
Author(s):  
Olga V. Khavanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
German Language ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
The One

The second half of the eighteenth century in the lands under the sceptre of the House of Austria was a period of development of a language policy addressing the ethno-linguistic diversity of the monarchy’s subjects. On the one hand, the sphere of use of the German language was becoming wider, embracing more and more segments of administration, education, and culture. On the other hand, the authorities were perfectly aware of the fact that communication in the languages and vernaculars of the nationalities living in the Austrian Monarchy was one of the principal instruments of spreading decrees and announcements from the central and local authorities to the less-educated strata of the population. Consequently, a large-scale reform of primary education was launched, aimed at making the whole population literate, regardless of social status, nationality (mother tongue), or confession. In parallel with the centrally coordinated state policy of education and language-use, subjects-both language experts and amateur polyglots-joined the process of writing grammar books, which were intended to ease communication between the different nationalities of the Habsburg lands. This article considers some examples of such editions with primary attention given to the correlation between private initiative and governmental policies, mechanisms of verifying the textbooks to be published, their content, and their potential readers. This paper demonstrates that for grammar-book authors, it was very important to be integrated into the patronage networks at the court and in administrative bodies and stresses that the Vienna court controlled the process of selection and financing of grammar books to be published depending on their quality and ability to satisfy the aims and goals of state policy.

Monitoring runoff conditions in a combined sewer system: experience and results of ten years' application

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
M. Weyand
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Complete Breakdown ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Detention Facilities

To get knowledge about the runoff, storage and combined sewer overflow (CSO) conditions since 1985 a measuring and monitoring system is working in the sewer network of the community Ense-Bremen (near Dortmund). Within this semi-urban catchment seven detention facilities are fitted out with devices for monitoring information about basin outflow, grade of volume and CSO. Since October 1986 the determined data are also used for the real-time control of that sewerage. Since its installation the monitoring system works rather satisfyingly. Especially the operating staff use its possibilities to get information about the actual condition of the sewer system. Thus, differences to the normal runoff conditions can be realised in very short time. That allows an immediate reaction in order to clear malfunctions or errors as well. However, within the ten years there have also occurred some failures at the measuring devices caused by different reasons up to a complete breakdown of the whole system during thunder-storms. All in all the results of that pilot project have been positive and are now the basis for the equipment of further detention facilities in other sewer systems with monitoring devices.

The model of export support of Russian education

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
GULNARA A. KRASNOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
State Support ◽  
National Project ◽  
National System ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Russian Education

The article is devoted to the development of educational export, which is one of the priorities of state policy. In 2018, the Federal project ‘Export of education’ of the national project ‘Education’ was launched, which set the task of doubling the number of international students in Russia by 2024. The tasks set are impossible without state support, which is to create favorable conditions for its development at the national (system of support and development of export of Russian education) and interstate (in the framework of cooperation with foreign countries, participation in regional integration associations, international organizations and forums) levels. Taking into account the analysis of international and Russian experience of export support, the author of the article developed and described a model of export support for Russian education, which has its own specific industry characteristics. The model for supporting the export of Russian education includes organizational, legal, informational, financial, and content blocks.

scholarly journals From “the Moon Is Rounder Abroad” to “Bravo, My Country”: How China Misperceives the World

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Chinese Public

AbstractFor a long time, since China’s opening to the outside world in the late 1970s, admiration for foreign socioeconomic prosperity and quality of life characterized much of the Chinese society, which contributed to dissatisfaction with the country’s development and government and a large-scale exodus of students and emigrants to foreign countries. More recently, however, overestimating China’s standing and popularity in the world has become a more conspicuous feature of Chinese public opinion and the social backdrop of the country’s overreach in global affairs in the last few years. This essay discusses the effects of these misperceptions about the world, their potential sources, and the outcomes of correcting misperceptions. It concludes that while the world should get China right and not misinterpret China’s intentions and actions, China should also get the world right and have a more balanced understanding of its relationship with the world.

scholarly journals Employing Geographical Principles for Sampling in State of the Art Dialectological Projects

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Buchstaller ◽  
Seraphim Alvanides
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Functional Regions ◽  
Demographic Classification

The aims of this paper are twofold. First, we locate the most effective human geographical methods for sampling across space in large-scale dialectological projects. We propose two geographical concepts as a basis for sampling decisions: Geo-demographic classification, which is a multidimensional method used for the socio-economic grouping of areas; we also develop an updated version of functional regions that can be used in sociolinguistic research. We then report on the results of a pilot project that applies these models to collect data regarding the acceptability of vernacular morphosyntactic forms in the North East of England. Following the method of natural breaks advocated for dialectology by Horvath & Horvath (2002), we interpret breaks in the probabilistic patterns as areas of dialect transitions. This study contributes to the debate about the role and limitations of spatiality in linguistic analysis. It intends to broaden our knowledge about the interfaces between human geography and dialectology.

scholarly journals International Students’ Perceptions of Workplace Experiences in Australian Study Programs: A Large-Scale Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Barton ◽  
Kay Hartwig ◽  
Anh Hai Le
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
International Student ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Workplace Experiences ◽  
Workplace Experience ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Work Integrated Learning

Across the globe, there are increased numbers of students undertaking university-level study in foreign countries. Many of the programs they enroll in include a workplace experience (also known as work integrated learning, internship, and/or practicum). The Work Placement for International Student Programs (WISP) project was conducted across Australia and aimed to identify current practices related to international students’ workplace experiences as well as develop resources to improve these experiences overall. This article focuses on an Australian large-scale survey ( n = 252) designed to explore international students perceptions of workplace experiences. Results showed that students rated overall workplace experience highly; however, their confidence in completing assessment items where reflection and self-evaluation were required was a concern. Students also rated self-perception of employability as uncertain despite having positive experiences in the workplace context. Findings showed that there is a need for universities to better support international students in completing reflective and self-evaluative assessment. In addition, more work needs to be done to improve confidence levels of international students around employability.

scholarly journals Improving state policy on forest fire prevention and extinguishing: administrative and legal aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
M. V. Oleynik
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
The State ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention

In this article, an attempt is made to analyze the existing legal mechanisms for the formation of the state system for the prevention and elimination of forest fires, to outline ways to improve state policy in this area. The author presents the results of the analysis of the content of text arrays of normative legal acts regulating the prevention and elimination of forest fires. disaster Medicine of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The genesis of legislative acts reflecting the functions of the state to protect the population and territories from emergency situations is carried out. With the help of content analysis, the characteristics of various governing documents in the field under consideration are given. The main key points contained in the analyzed documents are shown. The positive and negative sides, as well as contradictions affecting the functioning of the RSChS and the functional subsystem of the Federal Forestry Agency for the protection of forests from fires and their protection from pests and forest diseases are revealed. The qualitative approach of content analysis allowed us to determine the content of problematic issues that are poorly reflected in regulatory legal documents, or have a logical contradiction when compared with each other. The proposals for improving the state policy in the field of prevention and elimination of forest fires in Russia are substantiated.

scholarly journals DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL REGULATION OF EMPLOYMENT OF THE POPULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
А.А. Fedchenko ◽  
◽  
N.V. Dorokhova ◽  
E.S. Dashkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Post Industrial

The article examines the process of regulating employment through the introduction of digital technologies in the organizational and legal sphere. The authors considered the features of the manifestation of organizational and legal aspects of employment regulation during the transition to a post-industrial society. The attention is focused on the most problematic areas of employment regulation. The research is based on the position of continuity of socio-economic development and continuity of its stages. The study made it possible to identify quantitative, structural, and qualitative transformations in the field of employment in the Russian Federation, related to information and digital technologies. These changes require the solution of a set of tasks to improve the system of organizational and legal regulation of employment: limiting the negative impact of digital technologies in the process of regulating employment; regulation of organizational and legal regulation of all types of “agency labor” and its adjustment, considering the spread of its non-standard forms in terms of expanding the scope of digital technologies; ensuring cooperation between all parties of social and labor relations on issues related to the use of non-standard forms of employment in the context of the introduction of digital technologies; reduction of “digital illiteracy” among jobseekers; positioning of electronic self-employment as a promising form of employment regulation. Based on the results of the study, the authors determined the vector for solving these problems, considering the large-scale use of digital technologies.

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