ALGORITHM FOR EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF SOFTWARE PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kopyltsov ◽  
◽  
A. A. Kopyltsov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Memory Efficiency ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Convolution Algorithm ◽  
Information Input ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Discrete Values

An algorithm for evaluating the quality of software products is proposed, which includes two levels. At the first level, indicators are considered: operational efficiency, memory efficiency, error tolerance, unified communication procedures, data uniformity, traceability, consistency, information input and output speed, robustness, accuracy, access control, redistribution, availability, simplicity, information input and output volume, community, independence from other software, the availability of measuring tools, modularity, machine independence, brevity, access control, communication, informational content, completeness, the possibility of training. Applying the convolution algorithm to indicators of the first level, we can obtain indicators of the second level: efficiency, integrity, ease of use, practicality, evaluation, reliability, mobility, correctness, flexibility, the ability to use in other conditions, the possibility of interaction, security. Applying the convolution algorithm to the indicators of the second level, we can evaluate the quality of software. The convolution algorithm is the sum of indicators with weighting factors. The difference from other algorithms is that the coefficients are not calculated. Coefficients are subject to conditions. Firstly, the discreteness condition, i.e. coefficients can take only discrete values with a predetermined step. Secondly, the normalization condition, i.e. the sum of all the coefficients is equal to one. Thirdly, the priority condition, i.e. all coefficients are arranged in increasing order. Using this algorithm, we obtain several convolution values. The final result of the convolution will be their arithmetic mean. Using this algorithm, you can evaluate the quality of both software products and other products and services. In particular, this algorithm can be applied to assess the quality of educational services, medical services, etc.

scholarly journals Generating Big Numbers for Testing Multi-Digit Arithmetic Algorithms

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Andrii Tereshchenko ◽  
Valeriy Zadiraka
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Test Data ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Arithmetic Operations ◽  
Data Dependencies ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Two Parameters

Introduction. The emergence of new parallel computational systems, such as multi-core processors, clusters, distributed systems, is due to the solution of various applied problems in various fields. The difference between devices for which parallel algorithms are implemented causes a variety of existing methods for parallelizing the calculation of multi-digit arithmetic operations. There is a problem of developing universal algorithms for implementing multi-digit arithmetic operations that are efficiently performed on various devices and on various systems. Very often it is not possible to develop a new algorithm, since at this stage there is still no test data with which it is possible to analyze the result of calculation. Therefore, the task of preparing test data and results is no less important than the development of the algorithm itself. The quality of the prepared data determines the quality of the implemented algorithm and the time required to find and eliminate errors in the algorithm-program and its implementation. In this paper, some simple dependencies are given, using which you can visually check the correctness of the calculation of multi-digit operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, multiplication by modulo and exponentiation by modulo. Simple algorithms for generating input and output multi-digit data are presented. Using dependencies allows to check the integrity of the output when delegating computations to distributed systems such as cloud computing. The purpose of the article is to show simple dependencies between the input data and the results of performing multi-digit operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, multiplication by modulo and exponentiation by modulo. For the given dependencies, methods for generating input and output multi-digit numbers are shown, which can be used to check the correctness of the calculation of multi-digit operations, which significantly saves the time required for preparing test data. Dependencies are provided in a generic way, which allows you to generate input data and results for devices that operate on words of different lengths (8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, etc. bits). Results. The dependences between the input data and the results of performing multi-digit operations are analyzed. The provided dependencies are proved in the form of lemmas. The dependencies are presented in a general form, since to generate multi-digit sequences, it is needed to set two parameters: N – the number of digits in the multi-digit value and n – the length of the digits in bits. The examples show the generation of input data and results for various multi-digit operations. Conclusions. The paper presents dependencies that are easy to remember and use for visual verification of the results of multi-digit calculations without using additional or special software or hardware, which allows to devote the saved time to developing new or more efficient modifications of multi-digit algorithms. Keywords: multi-digit arithmetic, parallel computational model.

scholarly journals A Study of Telemedical Applications Based on User Experience

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
Joanna Rybka ◽  
Małgorzata Plechawska-Wójcik ◽  
Tomasz Tokarek
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
End User ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Usability Problems ◽  
Expert Analysis

Abstract The popularity of telemedical applications has been increasing noticeably in recent years. Easy access to a variety of software products makes contemporary users concentrate not only on functionalities but also on the design of the Graphical User Interface (GUI) – its usefulness, ease of use, and intuitiveness. The objective of this study was to evaluate the GUI quality of selected telemedical applications dedicated to depressed patients and doctors providing medical care for this group of patients. Another aim of the paper was to propose and check assessment criteria applied to the evaluation experiment. To achieve this objective, the case study was based on two methods: expert analysis and cognitive walkthrough. The expert analysis study was conducted on three groups of users: user experience specialists, patients, and clinicians. Although the expert analysis method is usually dedicated to GUI design specialists, in this study, we also applied it to patient and physician groups. The results showed that there were no statistical differences between assessments carried out by those three groups of users. Applied testing criteria were revised with Nielsen’s heuristics. The proposed criteria helped to uncover many usability problems in several different areas during user tests. Further studies might be performed in order to strengthen accuracy and for completion of the proposed expert analysis evaluation criteria. However, our results show that the criteria we used seem to be robust enough to apply to both expert and end-user evaluations. Furthermore, multiple evaluation based on two different methods presented with better results, allowing not only problem identification but also verification.

Letter to the Editor: The Continuing Challenge of Evaluating RSD Impairment and Disability

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Robert L. Knobler ◽  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Leon H. Ensalada ◽  
James B. Talmage ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Disability Evaluation ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Major Cardiac Event ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Impairment Score ◽  
Occupational Activities ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The author of the two-part article about evaluating reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) responds to criticisms that a percentage impairment score may not adequately reflect the disability of an individual with RSD. The author highlights the importance of recognizing the difference between impairment and disability in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides): impairment is the loss, loss of use, or derangement of any body part, system, or function; disability is a decrease in or the loss or absence of the capacity to meet personal, social, or occupational demands or to meet statutory or regulatory requirements because of an impairment. The disparity between impairment and disability can be encountered in diverse clinical scenarios. For example, a person's ability to resume occupational activities following a major cardiac event depends on medical, social, and psychological factors, but nonmedical factors appear to present the greatest impediment and many persons do not resume work despite significant improvements in functional capacity. A key requirement according to the AMA Guides is objective documentation, and the author agrees that when physicians consider the disability evaluation of people, more issues than those relating to the percentage loss of function should be considered. More study of the relationships among impairment, disability, and quality of life in patients with RSD are required.

PENGARUH KUALITAS INFORMASI DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP SIKAP DALAM PENGGUNAAN SISTEM APLIKASI DENGAN KEMUDAHAN PENGGUNAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA JASA TRANSPORTASI ONLINE (GOJEK) DI YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
Putri Aprilia Isnaini ◽  
Ida Bagus Nyoman Udayana
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Application Systems

This writing is done to determine the effect of information quality and service quality on attitudes in the use of application systems with the ease of use of the system as an intervining variable in online transportation services (gojek) in Yogyakarta. The sample in this study is customers who use online motorcycle transportation services in Yogyakarta. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling technique. Data collection is done by distributing online questionnaires through the Goegle form and distributed with social media such as WhatsApp and Instagram on a 1-4 scale to measure 4 indicators. The results of this study show 1) the quality of information affects the ease of use, 2) the quality of service affects the ease of use, 3) the quality of information influences attitudes in use, 4) the quality of services does not affect attitudes in use, and 5) ease of use attitude in use.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

THE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND YIELD OF LONG-FLAX

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Dumych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Flax Seeds

The purpose of research: to improve the technology of growing flax in the Western region of Ukraine on the basis of the introduction of systems for minimizing tillage, which will increase the yield of trusts and seeds. Research methods: field, laboratory, visual and comparative calculation method. Research results: Field experiments included the study of three tillage systems (traditional, canning and mulching) and determining their impact on growth and development and yields of trusts and flax seeds. The traditional tillage system included the following operations: plowing with a reversible plow to a depth of 27 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage. The conservation system is based on deep shelfless loosening of the soil and provided for chiseling to a depth of 40 cm, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing, pre-sowing tillage. During the implementation of the mulching system, disking to a depth of 15 cm, cultivation with simultaneous harrowing and pre-sowing tillage with a combined unit was carried out. Tillage implements and machines were used to perform tillage operations: disc harrow BDVP-3,6, reversible plow PON-5/4, chisel PCh-3, cultivator KPSP-4, pre-sowing tillage unit LK-4. The SZ-3,6 ASTPA grain seeder was used for sowing long flax of the Kamenyar variety. Simultaneously with the sowing of flax seeds, local application of mineral fertilizers (nitroammophoska 2 c/ha) was carried out. The application of conservation tillage allows to obtain the yield of flax trust at the level of 3,5 t/ha, which is 0,4 t/ha (12.9 %) more than from the area of traditional tillage and 0,7 t/ha (25 %) in comparison with mulching. In the area with canning treatment, the seed yield was the highest and amounted to 0,64 t/ha. The difference between this option and traditional and mulching tillage reaches 0,06 t/ha (10,3 %) and 0.10 t/ha (18.5 %), respectively. Conclusions. Preservation tillage, which is based on shelf-free tillage to a depth of 40 cm and disking to a depth of 15 cm has a positive effect on plant growth and development, yield and quality of flax.

Pengaruh ovaprim, aromatase inhibitor, dan hipofisa terhadap kualitas telur ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin A. Aziz ◽  
Ockstan Kalesaran
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hatching Eggs

This study aimed to determine the effect of ovaprim hormone, aromatase inhibitor and pituitary on the quality of the catfish eggs (Clarias gariepinus). Experimental Design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments, each with three replications. Treatment A: ovaprim; treatment B: Aromatase inhibitors, treatment C: hypophysis and treatment D: Control. The results showed that the difference in treatment gave highly significant effect on fertilization and hatching eggs but no significant effect on the survival rate of larvae. Aromatase inhibitor hormone was the best because it provided highly significant effect on fertilization (92.66%), hatchability of eggs (95%), and surviva rate (81.33%) of fish larvae.   Keywords : Clarias gariepinus. Ovaprim, Aromatase Inhibitor, Hypophysis, egg, larvae

Multivariate micropollutants analysis in marine waters

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
V. Librando ◽  
G. Magazzù ◽  
A. Puglisi
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Data Analysis ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Environmental Chemistry ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Suspended Material ◽  
The Difference

The monitoring of water quality today provides a great quantity of data consisting of the values of the parameters measured as a function of time. In the marine environment, and especially in the suspended material, increasing importance is being given to the presence of organic micropollutants, particularly since some are known to be carcinogenic. As the number of measured parameters increases examining the data and their consequent interpretation becomes more difficult. To overcome such difficulties, numerous chemometric techniques have been introduced in environmental chemistry, such as Multivariate Data Analysis (MVDA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR). The use of the first technique in this work has been applied to the interpretation of the quality of Augusta bay, by measuring the concentration of numerous organic micropollutants, together with the classical water pollution parameters, in different sites and at different times. The MVDA has highlighted the difference between various sampling sites whose data were initially thought to be similar. Furthermore, it has allowed a choice of more significant parameters for future monitoring and more suitable sampling site locations.

Non-steady variations of SOD and phosphate release rate due to changes in the quality of the overlying water

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Inoue ◽  
Y. Nakamura ◽  
Y. Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Release Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Sediment Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Reactions ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Phosphate Release ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
The Difference

A dynamic model, which predicts non-steady variations in the sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and phosphate release rate, has been designed. This theoretical model consists of three diffusion equations with biochemical reactions for dissolved oxygen (DO), phosphate and ferrous iron. According to this model, step changes in the DO concentration and flow velocity produce drastic changes in the SOD and phosphate release rate within 10 minutes. The vigorous response of the SOD and phosphate release rate is caused by the difference in the time scale of diffusion in the water boundary layer and that of the biochemical reactions in the sediment. Secondly, a negative phosphate transfer from water to sediment can even occur under aerobic conditions. This is caused by the decrease in phosphate concentration in the aerobic layer due to adsorption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document