scholarly journals Antioxidant, anti-bacterial activity of Perilla frutescens ethanol extract and induction of hairy roots by Agrobacterium rhizogenes

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
TRA DONG PHUONG ◽  
LE THI MONG VUONG ◽  
QUACH NGO DIEM PHUONG
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Agrobacterium Rhizogenes ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Specific Reactions ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Perilla frutescens, a plant of the Lamiaceae, is commonly used for traditional medicine to treat diseases (cold, headache, cough, tympanites, poisoning, ...) because it contains many secondary compounds with bioactivities. Roots, stems and leaves of P. frutescens have been extracted with ethanol. These extracts have also been investigated antioxidant by DPPH method and antibacterial by agar-well-diffusion method. The results showed that these extracts possess antioxidant and antibacterial activity. By specific reactions, we found that phenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and glycosides were contained in all extracts of P. frutescens, but triterpenoids were only found in leaf extract. These secondary compounds are involved in the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of P. frutescens. Next, hairy roots of P. frutescens were induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834. The results suggested that leaves were the highest-efficiency (67.67 ± 3.51 % of samples produced hairy roots). 20 minutes of immersion and 72 hours of co-culture are optimal for induction of hairy roots. These results are a pre-requisition for further studies related to hairy root cultures aimed production of bioactive compounds.

Bioenhancing Effect of Cow Urine Distillate and Pepper Extract on Antibacterial Activity of Azadirachta Indica Leaves

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3212-3214
Author(s):  
Pramod Dhakal ◽  
Ankit a Achary ◽  
Vedamurthy Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Watery Diarrhea ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Cow Urine

Bioenhancers are drug facilitator which do not show the typical drug activity but in combination to enhance the activity of other molecule in several way including increase the bioavailability of drug across the membrane, potentiating the drug molecules by conformational interaction, acting as receptor for drug molecules and making target cell more receptive to drugs and promote and increase the bioactivity or bioavailability or the uptake of drugs in combination therapy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and activity of combination in Azadirachta indica extract with cow urine distillate and pepper extract against common pathogenic bacteria, a causative agent of watery diarrhea. It has been found that Indian indigenous cow urine and its distillate also possess bioenhancing ability. Bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate (CUD) and pepper extract was investigated on antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Azadirachta indica. Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract neem alone and in combination with CUD and pepper extract were determined the ATCC strains against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E-coli by cup plate diffusion method. Ethanol extract of neem has showed more effect on P. aeruginosa, E-coli than S. aureus and K. pneumonia with combination of CUD and pepper extract. CUD and pepper did not show any inhibition of test bacteria in low concentration. The antibacterial effect of combination of extract and CUD was higher than the inhibition caused by extract alone and is suggestive of the bioenhancing role of cow urine distillate and pepper. Moreover, inhibition of test bacteria was observed with less concentration of extract on combining with CUD

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Extracts ofBaeckea frutescensagainst Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Razmavar ◽  
Mahmood Ameen Abdulla ◽  
Salmah Binti Ismail ◽  
Pouya Hassandarvish
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Baeckea Frutescens ◽  
High Degree

This study was based on screening antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract ofBaeckea frutescensL. against MRSA clinical isolates, analyzes the potential antibacterial compound, and assesses the cytotoxicity effect of the extract in tissue culture. Leaves ofBaeckea frutescensL. were shade dried, powdered, and extracted using solvent ethanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, and carbohydrates. The presence of these bioactive constituents is related to the antibacterial activity of the plant. Disc diffusion method revealed a high degree of activity against microorganisms. The results confirm thatBaeckea frutescensL. can be used as a source of drugs to fight infections caused by susceptible bacteria.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antioksidan Asam Galat dari Kulit Buah Lokal yang Diproduksi dengan Tanase

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Eka Junaidi ◽  
Yunita Arian Sani Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Fruit Waste

<p>Penelitian ini merupakan lanjutan dari penelitian sebelumnya tentang produksi asam galat dari limbah kulit buah lokal di Lombok. Limbah kulit buah lokal yang digunakan yaitu kulit buah kepundung (<em>Baccaurea racemosa</em> Muell.Arg), kulit buah juwet (<em>Syzygium cumini</em>), dan kulit buah manggis (<em>Garcinia mangostana</em>). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian asam galat yang dihasilkan, untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri. Pengujian sifat antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH, sedangkan aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar pada bakteri <em>Escherichia coli</em> dan <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asam galat dari ketiga kulit buah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Asam galat dari kulit buah kepundung, kulit buah juwet dan kulit buah manggis memiliki IC<sub>50</sub> masing-masing sebesar 5.95; 5,96; dan 5,92 ppm. Berbeda dengan kemampuan sebagai antioksidan, asam galat resistan terhadap bakteri <em>Escherichia coli</em> dan <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>yang menunjukkan bahwa asam galat tidak memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri.</p><p><strong>Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of gallic acid from peel local fruit which produced by tannase. </strong>This research is a continuation of the previous research about the gallic acid production from peel fruit local in Lombok. The local fruit waste<em> </em>used<em> </em>are<em> kepundung rind (Baccaurea racemosa</em> Muell.Arg)<em>, juwet rind </em>(<em>Syzygium cumini</em>) <em>and mangosteen rind </em>(<em>Garcinia mangostana</em>)<em>. </em>In this research, the produced Gallic acid was tested to determine its antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The antioxidant test conducted by DPPH method, meanwhile, the antibacterial activity was performed by agar diffusion method to bacteria <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. The results show that the produce gallic acid from those three rind provide antioxidant activity. Gallic acid from kepundung rind, juwet rind, and mangosteen rind have IC<sub>50</sub> values of 5,95; 5,96; and 5,92,  respectively. Gallic acid not showed inhibitory actions against the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This result show that gallic acid from local fruit waste did not provide an antibacterial activity.</p>

scholarly journals Giloy (Tinospora Cordifolia): In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulsa Devi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Hot Water Extract ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Antibiotic resistance has become a global concern and hence, the search for other source of antimicrobials initiated to find a way to control infections in future. The main objective of this paper is to screen Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) for its antibacterial activity. The stem of Tinospora cordifolia is used to prepare extract for determining it’s in vitro antibacterial activity as per the agar well diffusion method. In the agar well diffusion method 100μl of 24 hr broth culture of bacteria was aseptically and evenly swabbed on Mueller Hinton agar plates. Wells of about 8 mm diameter were aseptically cut using sterile cork-borer. 100 μl of plant extracts of different concentrations were then placed into the separate wells. The plates were incubated at 37 oC for 24hr. Antimicrobial activity of the giloy was determined by measuring the diameter of zone of inhibition. The methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 13, 11, 9 and 5 mm zone of inhibition in S. aureus cultures by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively while hot water extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 14, 12, 10 and 8 mm zone of inhibition for S. aureus by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively and the cold extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 10, 8, 5 and 0 mm zone of inhibition for S. aureus by using 100, 75, 50 and 25mg/ml concentration, respectively. The methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia indicated 12, 10, 6 and 4 mm zone of inhibition in cultures of E.coli by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively and the hot water extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 16, 14, 12 and 10 mm zone of inhibition in cultures of E.coli by using 100, 75, 50 and 25mg/ml concentration, respectively. The cold water extract of Tinospora cordifolia showed 13, 10, 8, and 5 mm zone of inhibition in cultures of E.coli by using 100, 75, 50 and 25 mg/ml concentration, respectively. It has been observed that Tinospora cordifolia showed very promising results as indicated by the zone of inhibition of bacterial culture through agar well diffusion method that varies from few mm to few cm. This study indicates the in-vitro antibacterial effect of Giloy which needs further validation through in-vivo studies.

scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis and Antimicrobial Assessment of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Seed Ethanol Extract

2021 ◽  
pp. 271-283
Author(s):  
S. Mabel Parimala ◽  
A. Antilin Salomi
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Microtiter Plate Assay ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

People use plants to treat infections, and this has led to search of antimicrobials from medicinal plants. In this work, we evaluated the ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini seeds for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Extraction was performed by maceration method using ethanol. The antimicrobial efficacy of the extract was assessed by agar well diffusion method against ten bacterial species, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans, and five fungal species, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Mucor sp. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extract were determined by resazurin microtiter plate assay.  Phytochemicals in the extract was identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) information.  In agar well diffusion method, Gram-negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa and S. marcescens, Gram-positive bacteria such as B. subtilis and E. faecalis and fungi A. fumigatus were more susceptible showing larger zones of inhibition.  In resazurin method, low MICs were recorded for bacteria, B. cereus (<7.8 µg) and P. aeruginosa (15.6 µg) and fungi, A. fumigatus (31.2 µg).  Fifteen compounds were identified by GC-MS profiling of the extract.  The antimicrobial activity of the extract can be rightly related to the secondary metabolites in the ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini seeds.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Spirulina platensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Prayoga Pannindrya ◽  
Mega Safithri ◽  
Kustiariyah Tarman
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Test ◽  
E Coli

Spirulina is a microalgae that has been widely used as various supplements and medicines because of its high nutritional content. The need for new antibacterial sources to solve the problem of antibiotic resistance, makes the potential of Spirulina as an antibacterial agent necessary to be researched. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Spirulina platensis obtained from the Indonesian region against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Spirulina samples were macerated in ethanol solvent in a ratio of 1:10 (w / v). The antibacterial test used was the disc diffusion method with clindamycin positive control. Antibacterial test results showed that S. platensis in this study did not have antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN FRAKSI KULIT BATANG BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae DAN Staphylococcus epidermidis BESERTA BIOAUTOGRAFINYA

Biomedika ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhtadi , MSi. ◽  
Ria Ambarwati ◽  
Ratna Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Water Fraction

Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) is a tropical plant that has antibacterial properties. The purpose of this study was to test the antibacterial activity of bark Belimbing wuluh against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus epidermidis and their bioautography. Extraction methods used to research is method maceration with a solvent ethanol 96 %. Fractinations done by method partition liquid-liquid with a separating funnel. Test performed in this research covering identi� cation bacteria, the sensitivity bacteria, antibacterial activity, thin layer chromatography, bioautography. The result of antibacterial activity ethanol extract of disk diffusion method with concentrations 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8±0,5; 10,34±0,58; 12,17±0,76 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10,17±0,29; 11±0; 11.5±0 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, n-hexane fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,34±0,29; 9,34±0,29; 10,84±0,76 on Klebsialla pneumoniae, 8,5±0,5; 9,34±0,29; 10,67±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethyl acetate fraction with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/disk, 1600 μg/disk is 9,17±0,29; 10,34±0,29; 11,17±0,29 on Klebsiella pneumoniae and 9,5±0,5; 10,67±0,29; 12,67±1,26 on Staphylococcus epidermidis, ethanol-water fractions with concentration 400 μg/disk, 800 μg/ disk, 1600 μg/disk is 8,17±0,29; 9,17±0,29; 10±0 on Klebsiella pneumoniae, 9±0; 9,67±0,29; 10,34±0,29 on Staphylococcus epidermidis. The TLC show chemical compounds contained in the ethanol extract, n-heksan fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol-water fraction is a compound of the saponins, alkaloids, � avonoids and phenolic. Bioautography showed that ethanol extracts, n-heksan faction, ethyl acetate fraction, and etanol-airfaction Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) bark have not antibacterial activity because there is no clear area around on plate TLC.Keywords: Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.), ethanol extract, fractination, antibacterial, bioautogra� .

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL 96% DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica A. Juss. ) DENGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI PERKOLASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Yanu Andhiarto ◽  
Rina Andayani ◽  
Nur Hidayatul Ilmiyah
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Activity Test

Skin infections most often found in developing countries, especially in the tropics, are purulent skin inflammation (pyoderma), the main cause of Staphylococcus aureus. The increasing number of cases of bacteria that are resistant to antibacterial can encourage the extraction of sources of antibacterial drugs from natural ingredients. One of the plants that is thought to have the antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus is the Neem plant. In this study an antibacterial activity test was carried out with the well diffusion method from 96% ethanol extract of Mimba leaves extracted by percolation method. Previously 96% ethanol extract from Mimba leaves had been identified by secondary metabolites by phytochemical screening and standardized extract testing. Standarization using non-specific parameters (moisture content, ash content and drying losses) found that 96% ethanol extract of Mimba leaves entered a range of standard parameters and in phytochemical screening tests obtained 96% ethanol extract of Mimba leaves containing alcaloid, saponins, tannins, steroids / terpenoids and flavonoids. The results of the study on the antibacterial activity test showed a concentration of 75% ethanol extract of 96% Mimba leaves classified as having strong activity, at a concentration of 50% and 25% classified as having moderate activity. Based on this study it can be concluded that the three concentrations of 96% ethanol extract of Mimba leaves were able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of graphene oxide nanosheet against multidrug resistant superbugs isolated from infected patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 200640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Toasin Hossain Aunkor ◽  
Topu Raihan ◽  
Shamsul H. Prodhan ◽  
H. S. C. Metselaar ◽  
Syeda Umme Fahmida Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Graphene Nanosheet ◽  
Solid Agar ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Graphene oxide (GO) is a derivative of graphene nanosheet which is the most promising material of the decade in biomedical research. In particular, it has been known as an antimicrobial nanomaterial with good biocompatibility. In this study, we have synthesized and characterize GO and checked its antimicrobial property against different Gram-negative and Gram-positive multidrug drug resistant (MDR) hospital superbugs grown in solid agar-based nutrient plates with and without human serum through the utilization of agar well diffusion method, live/dead fluorescent staining and genotoxicity analysis. No significant changes in antibacterial activity were found in these two different conditions. We also compare the bactericidal capability of GO with some commonly administered antibiotics and in all cases the degree of inhibition is found to be higher. The data presented here are novel and show that GO is an effective bactericidal agent against different superbugs and can be used as a future antibacterial agent.

Antibacterial Activity of Alimentary Plants Against Staphylococcus aureus Growth

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (02) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Pérez ◽  
Claudia Anesini
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Alimentary plants were screened for antibacterial activity against a penicillin G resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus. Twenty-five samples of plant material corresponding to 21 species from 13 families were used. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts were obtained from them. Antibacterial activity was determined by the agar-well diffusion method, using cephazolin as a standard antibiotic. Seventeen ethanol extracts were found active. Eugenia caryophyllata (clavo de olor*) flowers, Myristica fragans (nuez moscada*) seeds, Theobroma cacao (cacao*) seed bark, Triticum sp (trigo*) fruit, Zea mays (maíz*) fruit and Piper nigrum (pimienta*) ripe fruit produced some of the more active extracts (*= Argentine vulgar names).

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