scholarly journals Alfalfa breeding for the foothill zone of the RSO — Alania

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
N. N. Doguzova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Number Of Stems

Alfalfa occupies a leading position among the crops used for obtaining renewable sources of protein and energy-saturated feed, as well as a mean of biological reclamation of agricultural land, preservation and improvement of soil fertility. The aim of the research is to study the economically valuable characteristics of various varieties of alfalfa to local soil and climatic conditions in terms of seed productivity and feed value. Promising varieties that combine high feed and seed productivity have been identified. According to the indicators of seed productivity, the alfalfa variety Lada was distinguished. In this variety, the indicators of green mass, dry matter and seed productivity are most successfully combined. The Lada variety surpassed the other varieties in seed productivity, the formation of beans with a large number of seeds by 7–9%. In the average of three years, the number of stems per 1 m2 was distinguished by the varieties Lada and Vega 87 — 110–120 pcs/m2. In these varieties, the number of internodes was 18 pieces, and in the standard Nakhodka — 14 pieces. In terms of the number of stems, 2 samples significantly exceeded the standard: Lada and Pastbischnaya 88. According to the yield of green mass and leafiness, the varieties of alfalfa Lada and Ve-ga 87 outperformed other varieties by 5–7%. In the future of our research, the selected varieties will be used to form new varieties.

scholarly journals Innovative elements in the organization of a green conveyor

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Elena P. Shkodina
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Forage Plants ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Forage Base ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Research Institute

Relevance and methods. The article considers possible options for restoring the forage base of the non-Chernozem zone. The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture in 2017–2019. The studies were carried out with perennial and annual traditional and introduced forage crops of domestic selection.Results. It has been experimentally established that the cultivation of traditional forage crops of new varieties of domestic selection contributes to an increase in the productivity of the forage hectare. The qualitative characteristics and yield level of the green mass of annual introducents were determined, terms of formation of the mowing mass of crops in the climatic conditions of the Novgorod region. New forage plants complement the green conveyor with innovative elements, increasing the choice of forage harvesting methods.

Promising genotypes of eastern goat’s rue in the North-West region of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
В.С. Баева ◽  
Т.Е. Кузьмина
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
North West ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
New Varieties

По урожайности зелёной массы сортообразец F6 превысил контроль на 40%, а по сбору сырого протеина — на 45%. По урожайности зелёной массы сортообразец F6 превысил контроль на 40%, а по сбору сырого протеина — на 45%. Bioclimatic potential of the Pskov region provides high-quality seeds of almost all species of gramineous and some species of legumes. The primary role in forage production belongs to sown grasses both in fields (182.8 thousand hectares) and in grasslands (natural hayfields (230 thousand hectares) and pastures (244 thousand hectares). New varieties of perennial grasses cultivated using modern practices are promising means to increase yield and quality of forage resources. Breeding new varieties of eastern goat’s rue was carried out during 2018–2021 at the nurseries of the Federal Research Center of Fibre Crops. The test nursery was established in 2018 using promising genotypes selected earlier in the intercross nursery (F6, F7 и F8) and clone nursery (26-2-8, 27-1-14 and 27-2-15). The variety “Yubilyar” (the Pskov Agricultural Research Institute) performed as the standard. The test nursery selected genotypes having the number of valuable morphological and economically-important traits. Genotypes were evaluated according to their morphology, green mass and seed productivity as well as forage quality. Such genotypes as F6, F7 and F8 stood out due to their height, seed productivity, forage mass yield and quality. Genotype F6 exceeded the standard by 40% in green mass yield and 45% — in crude protein content.

Estimation of the productivity and nutritionality of forage mass of new varieties of Medicago lupulina

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Vorsheva ◽  
◽  
G.V. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Medicago Lupulina ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
New Varieties

Medicago has a high nutrient content, and the aerial part of Medicago lupulina contains saponins, tannins, estrogenic substances and calcium salts. The leaves of this plant contain carotene, vitamin D and ascorbic acid. Medicago lupulina can develop a significant green mass, has low pubescence, thin stems and provides a delicate forage. The article presents the results of assessing the productivity and feeding qualities of new varieties ofMedicago lupulina

Creation and evaluation of new varieties and populations of alfalfa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Meremyanina I. A. ◽  
◽  
V.V. Kenyz V.V.
Keyword(s):  
High Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Complex Hybrid ◽  
The Creation

The article is based on the creation and evaluation of new varieties and complex hybrid populations of alfalfa with economically valuable traits and properties.Varieties with high productivity of green mass and seeds have been created and studied.

HIGH-PROTEIN VARIETIES AND PERSPECTIVE LINES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
O. V. Levakova ◽  
L. M. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Protein ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Research Grade ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Variety Testing

The article presents the results of the analysis of the biochemical composition of selected in the competitive variety testing of new varieties and promising lines of spring barley, studied on the experimental field ISA-branch of FGBNU FNAC VIM in 2016-2018. Result of research in different years of water availability among the rooms was allocated a group of high-protein barley with improved feed value: 4 varieties, 2 of which are on the state variety testing, and 2 promising lines. The range of variation of protein content in the grain of the selected samples varied from 13.1 to 14.5 %, lysine – from 0.48 to 0.52 %, weight of 1000 grains-from 48.0 to 53.5 g. According to the data obtained the highest value of protein in grain was observed in krupnosortnogo varieties Zlatoyar (GSI), amounting on average for 14.5 %. The increase was equal to 1.1% in relation to the control variety Yaromir. With an average yield of 6.52 t/ha in the years of research grade Accounting have provided protein per hectare in the amount of 0,94 t/ha. A new variety Sudar´ (GSI) and breeding line 149/4-12 h 788 and 129/1-14 h 907 this indicator has been less productive, however, exceeded the grade Yaromir 0.10 to 0.16 t/ha. Given the higher productivity of new promising varieties and breeding lines, the collection of lysine per unit area they have 12.7, 30.8 per cent was higher than that of the Promej class and 10.6-23.6% more than in the variety Yaromir, which indicates their high biological value. Selected hulless line 1137 h is also an encouraging source of protein and other nutrients of plant origin. The selected lines and new varieties, regardless of weather conditions, were able to ensure the production of high-protein and sources' grain for feed purposes, while maintaining productivity.

Yield and seed productivity of pear rootstock forms in the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
A. I. Lokhova ◽  
E. Z. Savin ◽  
A. M. Rusanov ◽  
A. A. Mushinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Typical Soil

The article presents the results of studying the diversity of pear rootstock forms in terms of yield and seed productivity. The research was carried out at the experimental sites of the Orenburg Experimental Station of Horticulture and Viticulture of AllRussian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery and the Botanical Garden of the Orenburg State University in 2017-2019, in typical soil and climatic conditions of the Orenburg city. The purpose of the study is to identify pear rootstock forms characterized by high yield and stable seed productivity for use in the future as a seed rootstock. During the research, 15 pear accessions were studied; the planting scheme was 6x4 m. As a result of research, it was found that the rootstock form Temno-zelenaya is characterized by a high yield (40 kg/tree). High seed productivity of more than 6 seeds in one fruit was observed in samples: Vernaya (6.0-6.5 pcs.), SK-1, SK-3 (6.1-7.8 pcs.), SK-2 (7.0-7.5 pcs.), Chang Bai Li (7.4-7.7 pcs.), Semennaya 214 (7.5-7.8 pcs.). It was revealed that the Xiao he Bai Li variety is characterized by the maximum weight of 1000 seeds (65.2 g). Analysis of accessions by seed yield established that a consistently high yield is observed in the varieties Chang Bai Li (2.5-4.2 %), Vernaya (3.96-4.18 %) and forms SK-1 (2.0-3.25%), SK-2 (2.25-2.75 %), SK-3 (1.43-4.0 %). Pear rootstock forms Chang Bai Li, Vernaya, Semennaya 214, SK-1, SK-2, SK-3 were identifi ed, which can be recommended for production testing as seed pear rootstocks for the conditions of the steppe zone of the Southern Urals.

scholarly journals Release of Postsenescent Dormancy in Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) by Chilling

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 784-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Harvey ◽  
Robert M. Nowierski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
North America ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Number Of Stems

The growth and development of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esulaL. #3EPHES) collected during postsenescent dormancy and grown in the greenhouse was increasingly stimulated by chilling treatments longer than 14 days duration at 0 to 6 C. Production of stems with flower buds, primary flowers, and secondary flowers was greater in plants chilled for 42 days or more. The effects of chilling on total number of stems, number of strictly vegetative stems, or number of stems with vegetative branching were not significant. The height of the tallest stem per pot was influenced by chilling longer than 42 days. Growth rate also increased as a function of chilling duration. Based on our findings, we believe that there is little possibility that any significant growth can occur in the postsenescent period because of the prevailing climatic conditions found in areas of leafy spurge distribution in North America.

A comparison of two contrasting milk production systems for high genetic merit autumn calving dairy cows in a grassland based production environment

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 76-76
Author(s):  
C.P. Ferris ◽  
F.J. Gordon ◽  
D.C. Patterson ◽  
C.S. Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Feed Value

In a previous short term study, Ferris et al. (1997) demonstrated that similar levels of nutrient intake and animal performance could be obtained by either increasing silage feed value and reducing concentrate feed level, or by reducing silage feed value and increasing concentrate feed level. The principles established in this study were incorporated into this trial to examine two systems of milk production over a full lactation, including both the winter and grazing periods.Forty high genetic merit dairy cows (PTA95 fat + protein = 38.2 kg), in their second or subsequent lactation, were used in a continuous design full lactation study. Animals had a mean calving date of 1 November and were allocated to one of two systems of milk production, HF or HC, within 36 hours of calving. During the winter, animals on system HF were offered a silage with high feed value characteristics, supplemented with 5.5 kg of concentrate (crude protein concentration of 280 g/kg DM) through an out-of-parlour feeding system.

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from monoculture and rotational cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F Drury ◽  
X M Yang ◽  
W D Reynolds ◽  
N B McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Previous Crop

It is well established that nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural land are influenced by the type of crop grown, the form and amount of nitrogen (N) applied, and the soil and climatic conditions under which the crop is grown. Crop rotation adds another dimension that is often overlooked, however, as the crop residue being decomposed and supplying soluble carbon to soil biota is usually from a different crop than the crop that is currently growing. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the influence of both the crop grown and the residues from the preceding crop on N2O and CO2 emissions from soil. In particular, N2O and CO2 emissions from monoculture cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat were compared with 2 -yr and 3-yr crop rotations (corn-soybean or corn-soybean-winter wheat). Each phase of the rotation was measured each year. Averaged over three growing seasons (from April to October), annual N2O emissions were about 3.1 to 5.1 times greater in monoculture corn (2.62 kg N ha-1) compared with either monoculture soybean (0.84 kg N ha-1) or monoculture winter wheat (0.51 kg N ha-1). This was due in part to the higher inorganic N levels in the soil resulting from the higher N application rate with corn (170 kg N ha-1) than winter wheat (83 kg N ha-1) or soybean (no N applied). Further, the previous crop also influenced the extent of N2O emissions in the current crop year. When corn followed corn, the average N2O emissions (2.62 kg N ha-1) were about twice as high as when corn followed soybean (1.34 kg N ha-1) and about 60% greater than when corn followed winter wheat (1.64 kg N ha-1). Monoculture winter wheat had about 45% greater CO2 emissions than monoculture corn or 51% greater emissions than monoculture soybean. In the corn phase, CO2 emissions were greater when the previous crop was winter wheat (5.03 t C ha-1) than when it was soybean (4.20 t C ha-1) or corn (3.91 t C ha-1). Hence, N2O and CO2 emissions from agricultural fields are influenced by both the current crop and the previous crop, and this should be accounted for in both estimates and forecasts of the emissions of these important greenhouse gases. Key words: Denitrification, soil respiration, rotation, crop residue

An experiment in the control of the ground water-level in a fen peat soil

1951 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Nicholson ◽  
G. Alderman ◽  
D. H. Firth
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ground Water Level ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Local Soil

1. The methods of investigation of the effect of ground water-level on crop growth, together with tho field installations in use, are discussed.2. Direct field experiments are handicapped by the difficulties of achieving close control on a sufficiently large scale, due to considerable variations of surface level and depth of peat within individual fields and to rapid fluctuations in rainfall and evaporation. Many recorded experiments are associated with climatic conditions of substantial precipitation during the growing season.3. Seasonal fluctuations of ground water-level in Fen peat soils in England, in natural and agricultural conditions, are described.4. The local soil conditions are outlined and the implications of profile variations are discussed.5. The effective control of ground water-level on a field scale requires deep and commodious ditches and frequent large underdrains to ensure the movement of water underground with sufficient freedom to give rapid compensatory adjustment for marked disturbances of ground water-level following the incidence of heavy rain or excessive evaporation.6. A working installation for a field experiment in ordinary farming conditions is described and the measure of control attained is indicated.

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