scholarly journals Syzygium aromaticum (CLOVE) EFFECT ON CATALASE ACTIVITY DUE TO CARBON TETRACHLORIDE-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RAT LIVER

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Ani Retno Prijanti ◽  
AA Hawali
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Clove is known as antioxidant spice that used in cigarettes, spice for food/soup, and traditional medicine. It is believed that clove could protect smokers from cigarette-free radicals. Otherwise, study on clove as an antioxidant was still confused.Objective: To reveal that clove can overcome carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) and its free radical derivesMethod:  This study was an experimental research, using 20 Wistar rats that were divided into 4 groups, Group 1 (CCl4 + cloves 3), group 2 (CCl4 + cloves 1), group 3 (normal control, without being offered treatment), group 4 (positive control, induced by CCl4 and followed by 100 mg alpha-tocopherol), and group 5 (negative control, only induced by CCl4). Rat livers were homogenized and followed with CAT activity measurement using spectrophotometry method of Mates.Results: There was a significant difference in mean between the groups (p= 0,001). Further test, the Post Hoc showed that there is a significance different between group 1 and 4 (p=0.008), 1 and 5 (p=0.001), 2 and 5 (p=0.001), 3 and 5 (p=0.001), and 4 and 5 (p=0.007). Group 1 (CCl4+Clove3) has the highest catalase activity.Conclusion: Syzygium aromaticum (clove) oral administration with the dose of 200 mg/kg rat body weight against 0.55 mg/kgBW CCl4 show increased of catalase activity but did not overcome the oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Trigonelline in a Model of Apoptosis in Rat Retina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevinç Arzu Postacı ◽  
Ülkü Çeliker ◽  
Nevin İlhan ◽  
Ferda Dağlı ◽  
Ali Dal
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Rat Retina ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of drop trigonelline and oral trigonelline (TG) treatment in a model of N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced retinal apoptosis in rat retina. To compare with brimonidine tartrate (BT) drops with known retinal neuroprotective activity.Methods: 42 Wistar Albino male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 7 each. No action was applied to Group 1. Group 2 (negative control) was given intravitreal Phosphate Bufferd Saline (PBS) on the first day of the experiment and did not receive any treatment. Groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given intravitreal NMDA on the first day of the experiment. Group 3 (positive control) didn't receive post-injection treatment. For 21 days from the second day of the experiment, oral TG was given to group 4, TG drops were given group 5 and BT drops were given group 6. Histopathological and biochemical evaluations were performed in all groups.Results: Severe retinal degeneration was observed in group 3 compared to group 2 (p<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 (p>0.05). TUNEL, Brn3a and caspase3 staining in group 5 and group 6 were similar to group 2 (p>0.05). Group 5 and group 6 compared to group 3 were observed significant decrease in iNOS levels(p<0.05). Decreasing MDA levels and increasing SOD levels were detected in group 4,5,6 compared to group 3 (p<0.05).Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that TG drops showed similar retinal neuroprotective efficacy to BT drops.

scholarly journals MAT, a Novel Polyherbal Aphrodisiac Formulation, Enhances Sexual Function and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway While Reducing Oxidative Damage in Male Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazim Sahin ◽  
Mehmet Tuzcu ◽  
Cemal Orhan ◽  
Hasan Gencoglu ◽  
Nurhan Sahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Function ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 5

Mucuna pruriens, Ashwagandha, and Tribulus terrestris are known as the enhancers for sexual health, functional activities, vitality, and longevity. These herbs had been widely used in the Ayurveda medicine as aphrodisiacs through the ages, and their efficacy was also verified separately in our previous publication. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of Mucuna, Ashwagandha, and Tribulus complexes on sexual function in rats. Twenty-eight male rats allocated to four groups as follows: (i) negative control (C); (ii) positive control or sildenafil citrate treated group (5 mg/kg) (S); (iii) MAT1 (combination of 10 mg Mucuna (M) + 10 mg Ashwagandha (A) + 10 mg Tribulus (T)/kg BW); (iv) MAT 2 (20 mg Mucuna + 20 mg Ashwagandha + 20 mg Tribulus/kg BW). There was no significant difference found between the MAT1 and MAT2 groups while they showed significantly increased testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels when compared to the negative control. Significant increases in Nrf2/HO1 levels and decreases in NF-κB were detected in MAT groups similar to the decrease in serum and testis malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as compared to both controls. The sperm motility, count, and rate also significantly improved in both MAT groups, while ALT, AST, creatinine, ALP, and urea levels did not change in any of the groups. Oral consumption of MATs combination in male rats resulted in inhibition of NF-κB and MDA and also increased sex hormones with Nrf2-mediated HO-1 induction. MAT combinations may improve sexual functions by increasing levels of sexual hormones and regulation of NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mutagenic and Antimutagenic Activity of Methanol Extract of Cousinia thomsonii against Cyclophosphamide

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Shafi Khan ◽  
Khalid Bashir ◽  
Naveed Gulzar ◽  
Yaseen Maqbool Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Antimutagenic Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The present study was conducted to evaluate the mutagenic and antimutagenic potential of Cousinia thomsonii (CT) extract in bone marrow cells of male wistar rats using some important parameters like micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MnPCE), mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CA) and polychromatic erythrocyte to normochromatic erythrocyte ratio (PCE/NCE). 30 male rats of wistar strain were divided into 6 groups with 5 rats each group. Group 1 rats were taken as negative control having free access to distilled water and rat feed. Group 2 rats were taken as positive control treated with mutagen cyclophosphamide (CP) at dose of 60 mg/kg b wt. for 2 days. Group 3 and 4 were treated with CT extract at dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg b wt. for 20 days. Group 5 and 6 were treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg b wt of CT extract for first 18 days and for last 2 days with CP at dose concentration of 60 mg/kg. It was found that rats treated with CT extract alone did not produce any significant changes in MnPCE, PCE/NCE ratio, CA and MI when compared with control treated rats (group 1). However in group 5 and 6 rats treated with CT extract in combination with CP a protective effect was observed against the cyclophosphamide induced cellular mutagenicity. In concluding remark Cousinia thomsonii was found to show antigenotoxic potential and also produce protective antimutagenic effects against CP induced chromosomal damage.

scholarly journals Kebar Grass Extract (Biophitum Petersianum) Increases Diameter Of The Seminiferous Tubules Of Diabetic Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Faraida Arvilla
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Oxidative

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that can affect the male reproductive system. The condition of hyperglycemia will increase the production of ROS, causing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes microangiopathy, triggers cell apoptosis, interferes with spermatogenesis, thereby affecting the diameter of the seminiferous tubules. Kebar grass contains of flavonoid and vitamin E which can be used to reduce ROS reactions and inhibit oxidative stress. This research was to prove that kebar grass extract can increase diameter of the seminiferous tubules of diabetic mice. Total of 30 samples were divided into 5 groups: negative control group (K-) was given CMC-Na, positive control group (K+) was given metformin 2mg/kg, groups P1, P2 and P3 received 2mg/kg metformin and kebar grass extract with different dosages (67.5mg/kg, 135mg/kg and 270mg/kg). The treatment lasted for 35 days. On the 36th day the mice were sacrificed and the testes were taken, then histological observations were made with HE staining to measure the diameter of tubules. The result showed that there was a significant difference in the diameter of seminiferous tubules with p value=0,000. Kebar grass extract can increase the diameter of seminiferous tubules of diabetic mice.

scholarly journals LAXATIVE EFFECT OF GREEN GEDI LEAVES INFUSES (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) ON MALE WHITE MICE (Mus musculus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Vania Rarasati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Laxative Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract. Background: Gedi plant (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) of the Malvaceae family is a plant which leaf is used by peoples for the treatment of several illnesses such as constipation. Purpose: To investigate the laxative activity of green gedi leaves infuses (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) on male white mice.Method: This study is an experimental study. Mice were divided in 5 groups of 6 animals each, first group as negative control (CMC Na 0.5%) while group 2, 3 and 4 were treated with green gedi leaves infuses (Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik) at doses of 130, 260 and 520 mg/kgBW, per as respectively and group 5 as positive control (bisacodyl). The laxative activity was determined based on the frequency of defecation, weight of feces and consistency of feces.Results: It is found that 520 mg/kgBW dose has the highest mean of defecating frequency (7.17) and 260 mg/kgBW dose has the highest mean of feces weight (0.20). Statically however, there is no significant difference between the groups overall with p value of 0.132 and 0.246 for defecating frequency and feces weight respectively. There is no difference between the groups in term of feces consistency with both not defecating and hard feces.Conclusion: The research concludes that there is no significant laxative activity between each groups after administration of several dosages in 6 hours on mice thus the use of green gedi leaves as laxative in society can not be proven empirically in the laboratory.Keywords: gedi leaf, Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik, laxative effect, constipation

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity between Chemical Disinfectants on Contaminated Orthodontic Pliers

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 619-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Rodrigues Tonetto ◽  
Marcos André dos Santos da Silva ◽  
Milton Carlos Kuga ◽  
Matheus Coelho Bandeca ◽  
Célia Regina Maio Pinzan-Vercelino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Isopropyl Alcohol ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 5

ABSTRACT Aim To compare the antimicrobial activity of the chemical substances—70% isopropyl alcohol, 2% glutaraldehyde (GTA) and 0.25% peracetic acid (PAA) in disinfecting orthodontic pliers contaminated in vitro with Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Materials and methods Distal end cutter pliers were divided into five groups: group 1 (negative control—sterilized pliers), group 2 (positive control—sterilized plier, subsequently contaminated), group 3 (disinfected with 70% isopropyl alcohol, friction method), group 4 (disinfected with 2% GTA, immersion method for 30 minutes), group 5 (disinfected with 0.25% peracetic acid (PAA), immersion method for 10 minutes). After the pliers were treated with one disinfectant and submitted to microbiological evaluation (by counting colony forming units), they were submitted to the same cleansing, sterilizing and contaminating processes, and were used in the following groups (crossover and washout study). The two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, followed by the Tukey test, was used to compare the groups. Results The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the three tested disinfectants. Conclusion Although there were no statistically significant differences between the disinfectants, the chemical agents 2% glutaraldehyde and 0.25% PAA were effective in inhibiting the growth of the three microorganisms tested; however, 70% isopropyl alcohol was unable to completely eliminate S. aureus. Clinical significance The chemical substances 2% glutaraldehyde and 0.25% PAA completely eliminated the microorganisms tested. How to cite this article Carvalho MRA, dos Santos da Silva MA, de Sousa Brito CAR, Campelo V, Kuga MC, Tonetto MR, De Jesus Tavarez RR, Bandéca MC, Pinzan-Vercelino CRM. Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity between Chemical Disinfectants on Contaminated Orthodontic Pliers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(8):619-623.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

UJI AKTIVITAS HEPATOPROTEKTOR KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) DAN KAYU MANIS (Cinnamomum burmanii) TERHADAP KADAR MDA YANG DIINDUKSI PARASETAMOL

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Yuni Asri Mulatsih Agami ◽  
Eka Wisnu Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Dose Combination

Kasus penyakit hati semakin meningkat seiring penggunaan senyawa hepatotoksin salah satunya karena penggunaan parasetamol dengan dosis berlebih. Hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan produksi radikal bebas sehingga memicu terjadinya stress oksidatif yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan jaringan yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar Malondialdehyde (MDA). Stress oksidatif dapat diatasi dengan antioksidan dari berbagai tanaman. Kulit kayu manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 53ppm dan daun pandan wangi 39,7%  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi dan kayu manis dalam menurunkan kadar MDA. tikus yang diinduksi parasetamol. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental, dilakukan selama 9 hari dengan 30 ekor tikus jantan dibagi menjadi 6 Kelompok, yaitu: Normal diberi aquadest, Kontrol Positif diberi silimarin 100 mg/kgBB, Kontrol Negatif diberi CMC-Na 0,05%, serta 3 kelompok lainnya diberi kombinasi ekstrak daun pandan wangi:kayu manis berturut-turut dosis I (25:75), dosis II (50:50), dosis III (75:25). Semua kelompok diinduksi parasetamol 2,5 g/kgBB pada hari ke-7  setelah 30 menit perlakuan, kecuali kelompok normal. Pada hari ke 9 dilakukan pengukuran kadar MDA dengan metode TBARs menggunakan spektrofotometri. Pemberian kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi dan kayu manis dapat menurunkan kadar MDA dengan kombinasi dosis yang paling optimal adalah 75:25 berdasarkan statistik dengan nilai signifikan 0,000<0,05 dibandingkan dengan kelompok negatif.    Cases of liver disease have increased with the use of hepatotoxin compounds, one of which is due to the use of paracetamol with excessive doses. This can increase the production of free radicals so that it triggers oxidative stress which can cause tissue damage which is characterized by increased levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA). Oxidative stress can be overcome with antioxidants from various plants. Cinnamomum burmanii has antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 53ppm and Pandanus amarrylifolius 39.7%. This study aims to determine the combined activity of ethanol extract of Pandanus amarrylifolius and Cinnamomum burmanii  in reducing MDA levels. Paracetamol-induced rats. Research using experimental methods, conducted for 9 days with 30 male rats divided into 6 groups, namely: Normal given aquadest, Positive Control were given silimarin 100 mg / kgBB, Negative Control was given CMC-Na 0.05%, and 3 other groups were given a combination of Pandanus amarrylifolius extract: Cinnamomum burmanii dose I (25:75), dose II (50:50), dose III (75:25). All groups induced paracetamol 2.5 g / kgBB on the 7th day after 30 minutes of treatment, except the normal group. On the 9th day MDA levels were measured using the TBARs method using spectrophotometry. Giving a combination of Pandanus amarrylifolius and Cinnamomum burmanii ethanol extract can reduce MDA levels with the most optimal dose combination is 75:25 based on statistics with a significant value of 0,000<0.05 compared with the negative group.

UJI EFEK ANALGESIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN (Mus musculus) DENGAN INDUKSI NYERI ASAM ASETAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Triswanto Sentat ◽  
Susiyanto Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Analgesic Dose ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kersen leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) contains tannins, flavonoids and polyphenol compounds allegedly have analgesic effect. The objective was to determine the analgesic effect of ethanol extract of kersen leaves and to determine the most effective analgesic dose. This study was an experimental research. Leaves were extracted with ethanol 70% and the analgesic effect test was divided into 5 groups: negative control treatment (distilled water), positive control (mefenamic acid 2.6mg/kg), kersen leaf ethanol extract first dose (100mg/kg), second dose (200mg/kg) and tthird dose (400mg/kg). Giving treatments by oral, after 30 minutes, the mices were given a pain inductor with 0.5% acetic acid by intra peritonial administration. Analgesic power was calculated by counting the number of writhing in mice for 1 hour. The results showed that the ethanol extract of cherry leaf has analgesic effect. From the calculation of the first dose analgesic power (42.9%), second dose (59.4%) and the third dose 69.9%. Statistical test results kruskal wallis value of p=0.011 (p<0.05) showed a significant difference between all analgesic treatment groups. The conclusion of this study is all of the ethanol extract had analgesic effects on male white mice, whereas a dose of 400mg/kg is the most effective analgesic dose.

Potential Antiseptic of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves extract on Healing wound in Male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 3143-3149
Author(s):  
Endang Sri Purwanti Ningsih ◽  
Noorlaila Noorlaila ◽  
Ikhwan Rizki Muhammad ◽  
Windy Yuliana Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Background: The process of wound healing is influenced by various factors such as age, hormones, and wound care. Wound care is done to accelerate wound healing which can be done by various methods, one of them is traditional care. Traditional wound care can use medicinal plants. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is a medicinal plant that has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antibacterial content. Thus this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the antiseptic solution of the Rodhomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract on wound healing in male Wistar rats. Method: this research is pure experimental research with post test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were divided into five groups, namely negative control, positive control, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract 15%, 30%, and 60%. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extraction was carried out by maceration method with 70% ethano solvent. The extraction results are divided into 3 concentrations (15%, 30% and 60%). The wound healing process was evaluated by measuring the length of the wound manually from 0 to 10 days in each group. Meanwhile, the number of fibroblast cells was calculated through hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and observed using an Olympus CX41 microscope with a 10x magnification and objective lens magnification in 3 fields. Result: There was a significant difference in the reduction in wound length (p =< 0,000) between the five experimental groups (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract solution 15%, 30% and 60%, negative control and positive control. Solution of rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extract accelerated the increase in the number of fibroblasts compared to the negative control group (p = 0.003), but did not make a difference (p = 0.403) with the positive control group. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaf extraction solution had the same microscopic effect on the number of fibroblasts with a positive control group given 0.9% NaCl solution. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the number of fibroblasts between all groups, but no difference in wound healing length.

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