scholarly journals Institutional and Innovative Factors of Technological Development of the National Economy of Ukraine in the Conditions of Global Informatization

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (516) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
R. L. Lupak ◽  
◽  
O. V. Rudkovsky ◽  
T. G. Vasyltsiv ◽  
Y. P. Berezivskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Methodological Principles

At the stage of formation of post-industrial society, the problem of implementing the strategy of transition to an intellectually oriented model of economic development is actualized, along with a comprehensive modernization of the socio-economic system of the State, which is explained by the need to develop new approaches to ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy as part of the world economy system. The research is aimed at substantiating the theoretical-methodological principles and developing practical recommendations for the introduction of institutional and innovative factors of technological development in order to ensure the competitiveness of the national economy in the context of global informatization. The object of research is the process of improving the State policy of ensuring technological development as the basis for the competitiveness of the national economy. In the process of research, the following general scientific and special methods were used: synthesis, system analysis, statistical and economic analysis, comparative and indicative methods, method of main components, groupings, logical analysis, strategic management. The dual impact of innovation activity together with institutional factors on strengthening the competitiveness of the national economy is substantiated; the prerequisites, volumes and effectiveness of technological development of the national economy of the country are characterized; the scope, factors and obstacles to innovation activity are determined; a structural and functional analysis of the efficiency of the system of the State-based regulation of technological development of the economic complex of the country is carried out; the institutional and legal basis of technological development of the economy is defined; the organizational and economic means and directions of infrastructure development of the research and innovation activity are substantiated. Prospects for further research in this direction are the definition of a number of institutional and innovative tendencies associated with socio-labor, demographic, foreign economic and other processes, in view of their ability to influence the pace of technological development of the national economic system.

scholarly journals Classification of R&D infrastructure models in basic business incubators technology in the state of Paraná

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Vítor Felipe e Silva de Oliveira Nery
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
New Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Business Incubators ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Support for the development of new technology-based business is a major challenge in Brazil. One reason is the change of the paradigm of an economy based on supply of commodities to an economy of developing and offering technology. In this environment, business incubators are presented as a key player in this process. However, incubators lack of infrastructure available for the technological development of products, as entrepreneurs begin to demand something beyond basic infrastructure. This article aims to classify research and development infrastructure models, based on the degree of importance earned by entrepreneurs belonging to incubators of technology-based companies in the state of Parana. An extensive literature review identified seven research infrastructure development models and discrete manufacturing products. These models were then classified by their features and practices. Following, a hierarchy was built, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on this hierarchy, an electronic questionnaire was designed and it was applied to 115 entrepreneurs belonging to 15 incubators of technology-based company, all located in the state of Parana. The responses were used for the construction of the weights of criteria based on the characteristics and analyzed practices. Finally, seven models were classified according to the AHP, providing incubator managers with the best options of laboratory models, according to the characteristics and needs.

scholarly journals Features of construction of the model socially oriented national economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Оlena Golovnya ◽  
Iryna Kinash
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Economic Mechanism

The background of the development of the model of economic development of Ukraine in the context of social orientation has been analyzed taking into account the interdependent influence of the mechanism of market relations and economic policy of the state. It is researched that the economic mechanism of socially oriented market economy contains organizational structure of production (vertical and horizontal), specific forms of functioning of economic system (state and non-state regulation of the market), as well as a specific institutional base (including its legislative component). The constituents of the economic system are entities formed by large economic entities (eg financial corporations). The authors argue that the economic mechanism of a socially oriented national economy is a complex structure and system of interconnections and includes: a) a system of balanced markets; b) public sector of economy; c) large economic structures that fulfill the regulatory role of the state for the economy as a whole and at the same time increase the market sensitivity to medium and long-term programs of its development; d) public sector administrative and production subsystem; e) system of operative state regulation of economy; e) a budget-balancing system with a powerful core; g) regulatory framework governing mid-market processes. The study states that Ukraine, in rather difficult conditions, produces the parameters of its own national model of socio-economic development for the long term. The country has not yet formulated or implemented an effective model of economic development that would fully reflect its national characteristics and interests and become a macroeconomic basis for effective state regulation It is determined that in the conditions of construction of a new model of the national economy the role of non-governmental and charitable organizations is increasing. The role of non-governmental organizations, which represent one of the most optimal legal forms to assist citizens in solving their common problems, upholding common interests, is a compulsory attribute of the model of socially oriented national economy.

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE APPROACHES IN THE ECONOMIC SPHERE

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Andrii Holovach ◽  
Dmytro Pryputen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The purpose of the article is to analyse the current state of the economy, to consider the positive and negative tendencies that stand in the way of further economic growth, and to determine on this basis an effective strategy of economic development in the innovation sphere. The subject of scientific research is innovative approaches in the economic sphere. Methodology. Based on the scientific literature analysis of the current economic situation, strategic priorities and goals of economic development were determined, as well as the dialectical method, method of scientific abstraction, methods of system analysis were used. The results of the research showed that there are a number of key economic problems that slow down the development of the national economy for the implementation of international experience in the development of the national economy. At the same time, Ukraine is trying to overcome the negative trends of the economic crisis by carrying out reforms and adopting appropriate strategies for joining the EU. It has now been found that a complex structural transformation of the economy is needed in order to increase the specific gravity of the high-tech and innovative sectors. Practical implications. The complex analyses of the state and the determinant tendencies of economic development according to the threats and risks including the crisis processes in the modern world were carried out. Determination of the basic principles for formulating and implementing economic development strategy based on coordination of strategic priorities and strategic goals of the EU and the necessity to reform the economic sector in order to develop longterm economic spheres. Value/originality. The realized research revealed the state of development of the economic system, as well as further development of identifying perspective trends of the economy, was received.

State of the mortgage market in Russia at present stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
A. V. Zverev ◽  
V. V. Mandron ◽  
M. Y. Mishina
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Mortgage Lending ◽  
The State ◽  
Mortgage Market ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Large Segment ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Effective Development

Mortgage market is a large segment in the economic system of the state and the development of this form of lending is influenced by certain factors. The article presents the features of mortgage lending in Russia. The analysis and assessment of the housing lending market in recent years in the conditions of instability of the national economy. The main problems that hinder the effective development of mortgage lending in modern economic conditions are identified.

Strategic priorities to ensure technological competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Zaychenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
General Level ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Migration Activity ◽  
Technological Competitiveness

The relevance of the technological competitiveness of the national economy at the present stage of Ukraine's socio-economic development is grounded. The purpose of the article is to justify strategic priorities for the technological competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy. The study uses a scientific method of analysis and synthesis to justify the strategic tasks and strategic priorities of the state policy of technological competitiveness strengthening. The principles of state policy to ensure the technological competitiveness of Ukraine's economy are defined. The purpose of the state policy of ensuring technological competitiveness of the national economy is defined as strengthening of external and internal technological competitiveness through the development of internal competition and strengthening of production competitiveness on the basis of advanced technological innovations and information technologies, systemic support of elements of innovation infrastructure, formation, and realization of intellectual and human resources potential of technological economic development. The paper shows that modern policy of ensuring technological competitiveness of Ukraine's economy is formed in conditions of the modern challenges of global competition, namely the influence of global crises and financial and economic instability; increase of external expansion through globalization processes, development of information economy; pressure of the country's debt obligations; the growth of import dependence; high external labor migration activity; disruption of economic development through military conflict and hybrid attacks; critical disparities of regional development. The strategic priorities of state policy for the technological competitiveness of Ukraine's economy are defined: intensification of technological development of economy, growth of the general level of innovation activity, formation of the competitive intellectual property market, development of infrastructure for support of technological innovations, improvement of the resource provision of innovation activity.

scholarly journals Statistics on Differences in the Institutional Composition of the National Economy and Issues Related to its Harmonization

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-32
Author(s):  
O. V. Morozov ◽  
A. G. Biryukov ◽  
M. A. Vasiliev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Sectoral Composition

This article focuses on the assessment of the size of the public sector, which goes back to the assessment of the degree of state participation in the domestic economy and remains controversial. Such assessments are often carried out without the presentation of threshold criteria and without evaluation of its effectiveness and combination with other institutional sectors. At the same time, it is obvious that the ratio between the public and other (non-state) sectors refers to the issue of strategic importance, to the issue of the effectiveness of the country's economic system in its integrity, and therefore requires theoretical, methodological and practical resolution.The objectives of the research are: (1) to determine the relative scale and efficiency of the public sector functioning in the national economy, to establish minimum necessary and maximum possible values of its scale; (2) to determine the size and establish a measure of harmonious combination of institutional components of the domestic economy aimed at maximizing its efficiency.Materials and methods. Theoretical foundations of the research have been developed on the basis of the authors' preferences regarding the results of conceptual and applied developments of domestic scientists in the field of philosophy, mathematics, economics and sociology, as well as the practice of structural and spectral analysis in their subject areas. The analysis of parameters (indicators) of the state and other institutional sectors of the national economy was carried out (mainly) on the basis of statistical data of ROSSTAT for 2006-2016, materials of official reports and developments of analytical centers. The methodological basis of the research is formed by works on modular theory of society, public sector economy, and structural harmony of systems. Tabular methods of visualization of research results and statistical methods of source data processing were used. Standard packages of Microsoft Office application programs were used for solving research tasks.Results. It is shown that against the background of a decrease in relative resource capacity, the public sector over the period under review does not show an increase in the degree of government participation in the Russian economy. At the same time, performance indicators of the public sector did not show not only worse, but also worsening values, both as compared with the private sector and the economy as a whole. Criteria of minimum required and maximum possible scale of the public sector have been defined and it is shown that as of 2016 the integral indicator of the scale of the public sector of the Russian economy does not reach the minimum required value. A quantitative model for optimizing the sectoral composition of the national economy has been constructed. System solutions are proposed and a method for determining the share of institutional sectors in the structure of the national economy is given.Conclusion. The article deals with the issues of state participation in the economy, defines the scale and efficiency of the public sector in the national economy. It is noted that within the limits of maximally liberal and maximally ethical ideological statements the task of optimization of neither the size of the public sector of the national economy nor the harmonious combination of its sectoral composition find a satisfactory solution. The analysis of institutional composition of the national economy has been carried out and the way of optimization of its structure has been shown, the direction of the state economic policy on optimization of institutional structure of the national economy has been determined. Orientation of economic policy towards achievement of optimal structure (harmony) of economic system (as well as the very movement towards it) will create conditions not only for increase of its efficiency, but also will allow to satisfy economic needs of socially-professional groups to the fullest extent, and society as a whole will successfully develop.

scholarly journals Innovative development of the EU: strategic priorities of technological leader

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Technological Leadership ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Eu

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that оne of the countries of the European economic system is Germany, which occupies a leading position in many indicators and in the global technology market. The subject of research of the article is the innovative development of the EU. The goal is the strategic priorities of technological leader - Germany in innovative development of the EU. The objective is to research the сomparison of tasks of the national high-technological strategy of Germany and the strategy of the Innovation Union of the EU. A tool for achieving strategy a rational growth throughout the territory the EU was the creation of an Innovation Union that united the national innovation systems of all member states EU. The essence of building the Innovation Union is to maintenance research and scientific development throughout Europe to improve the scientific and technical base and increase the competitiveness of the EU in the priority scientific fields, simultaneously solving such socio-economic tasks as job creation, improvement education, involvement youth in science, creation of innovative products and services, improvement of the healthcare system, transport infrastructure, as well as increasing energy efficiency, saving natural resources and caring for learning the environment. Being closely linked to the global idea of building an Innovation Union in Europe, the national strategy of high-technological development in Germany is similar to the overall European strategy goals and objectives. At the same time, Germany is not only one of the members of the Innovation Union, but a leader in technological development in many sectors of the economy. General scientific methods are used, such as system analysis. The following results were obtained: the national German innovation strategy proposes measures in five key inter-sectoral areas: (1) improving the relationship between science and industry; (2) enhancing R & D and innovation work in private the sector of the economy, (3) to ensure the dissemination of new advanced technologies in the economy, (4) to internationalize scientific research, development and introduction of new technologies, and (5) to promote the development and further of talents. Conclusions: on the basis of the conducted research, it was concluded that аll these proposed strategies of high-technologic development in Germany are aimed at simplifying and reducing the path from idea to implementation innovation, which will continue to ensure the technological leadership of Germany in the EU economic system.

scholarly journals STATE SOCIAL POLICY IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT: ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTATION AND REFORM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
Oksana Antipova ◽  
Irina Kicha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Services ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Methodological Principles

The lack of a clear structural vision of the national model of socially-oriented economy leads to significant social disparities and distortions in society. Due to the undeveloped transparent concept of social policy, the development of social processes becomes unmanageable. The key issues facing most countries, both in the short and long term, are to build an effective system of social protection and social security that can solve urgent and permanent social problems. The need for rethinking the concept of national social policy, defining a clear goal, objectives, mechanisms and stages of its implementation is most acute. This problem becomes especially relevant in light of the processes of instability of socio-economic development of the state and the military conflict in eastern Ukraine. The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological principles of the mechanism of formation and implementation of state policy in the field of employment in Ukraine; proposed directions for the development of the system of providing services in the field of employment aimed at preventing unemployment and increasing the competitiveness of citizens in the labor market; the tendencies of development of components of modern economy and society which cause transformation of structure of the employed citizens are allocated; the priorities and models of the state social policy and the directions of their changes in modern conditions are studied; generalized by systematizing the experience of functioning of models of social protection in order to identify opportunities for its application to the national economic system; the current crisis state of the national economy (in terms of deformation of the socio-economic subsystem, the risks of deepening social inequality) and the conditions of social protection are analyzed; an algorithm for improving the system of social services in the field of employment and the scientific concept of economic development in the modern transformation of the national economy on social security processes using the principle of inclusive social growth in order to form the main components of social protection.

scholarly journals Research methodology in the system of financial and economic security

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Lida P. Rogatina
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
The World

The purpose of the article is to form a methodology of scientific research in the system of financial and economic security. Methodology. The scientific works of scientists in the study of financial and economic security are the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. To achieve the study’s purpose, the following research methods were used: theoretical generalization – the essence and main components of the system of financial and economic security; methods of positive and normative analysis – to make recommendations on the methodology of scientific research in the system of financial and economic security. Results. Research in the financial and economic security system has been proven to be carried out in five areas. Among the areas of research of the system of financial and economic security are dangerous processes and phenomena occurring in the world economy that can negatively affect the economic security of Ukraine; the level of stability, protection of interests, and opportunities of the national economy to counteract the negative impact of the crisis of the world economy; the state of economic security of Ukraine and trends in the development of adverse factors in the national economy and the formation of mechanisms to counter them; the state of economic security of economic entities, external and internal factors of dangers and threats to economic security; features of the organization of the system of economic security of enterprises, the activities of the subjects of its provision and their use of techniques and technologies that make it possible to ensure economic security. The basic principles of research methodology in the system of financial and economic security have been provided. The principles of research methodology in the system of financial and economic security include the principle of conformity (responsible for building a system of definitions of basic concepts, axioms based on these definitions, theorems of the theory of economic security); the principle of additionality (allows the establishment of the place of the theory of economic security in the structure of economic science); the principle of hierarchical goals (ensuring the security of the upper level of the economic system is a condition for ensuring the economic security of the lower level of the economic system); the principle of relative independence of horizontal goals, methodological consistency, spatial consistency. Indicative, resource-functional, and program-target have been proven to be among the methodological approaches to the study of the system of financial and economic security. Practical significance. The methodology of scientific research in the system of financial and economic security, which can be used by applicants and scientific and pedagogical workers of higher education, is provided. Prospects for further research. Selection of the optimal methodology of scientific research in the formation of the system of financial and economic security.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to determining the effectiveness of innovative development of enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Vitalii Voloshchuk
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Purpose. The aim of the article is generalization of theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the effectiveness of innovative activities of the enterprise, the study of requirements, criteria and evaluation indicators. Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods are used in the course of research, in particular: monographic, analysis and synthesis – at research of concept of efficiency of innovative activity and approaches to its estimation; system analysis – in determining the state of innovation in industrial enterprises; tabular – for visual presentation of the analysed statistical data; abstract and logical – in determining the possible areas of innovative activity of enterprises of different sizes. Findings. There is an unstable trend of increasing the share of industrial enterprises that have implemented innovations (products and / or technological processes) in the total number of industrial enterprises, and an increase in the cost of innovative activity for the analysed period. It is determined that the best result is observed when implementing new or significantly improved low-waste, resource-saving technological processes, which indicates the dominance of process innovations. It is proved that the main source of funding for innovative activity is the own funds of enterprises, whose costs are growing annually and whose share is 87.7%. At the same time, most funds were spent on the purchase of machinery, software and equipment, iюeю on the renewal of material and technical base and modernization. There is an increase in the number of profitable enterprises, which indicates an increase in efficiency, as well as an increase in operating profitability and all activities of enterprises, but much higher rates are typical for micro and small enterprises, indicating their higher innovation activity and efficiency of modern development. Originality. Methodological approaches to determining the effectiveness of innovative development of enterprises have been improved, which, unlike existing ones, are based on incurred costs for innovation, volumes and sources of funding, reinvestment of profits, innovation activity, share of innovative products and increase profitability to substantiate possible directions of innovative development and implementation of measures to implement the results of research and development, taking into account the specifics and size of the business entities, the state and dynamics of the internal and external environment. Practical value. The use of generalized systematized methodological approaches to determining the effectiveness of innovative development of enterprises will allow to assess the results of the enterprise in each area of innovation based on the implemented innovative solutions in the current period and in the medium and long term. Key words: innovations, efficiency, technologies, products, development, enterprise, attractiveness, results, methodology.

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