scholarly journals Effect of Botanical Extract on Pest Control in Brinjal Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
MAK Azad ◽  
MN Yesmin ◽  
MS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Normal Plant ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Botanical Extracts ◽  
Ficus Hispida ◽  
Botanical Extract ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of eight botanical extracts on pest control in brinjal field. Accordingly, water extracts of dried leaves of Khuksa (Ficus hispida), Chotra (Lantana sp.), Chirata (Swietia chrata), Neem (Azadiracta indica), Bael (Aegle marmelos), Holde-hurhuri (Cleomp viscosa) and Marigold (Targetes erecta) and seeds of Mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni) were prepared and sprayed in experimental brinjal field at Rajshahi University. Out of these botanicals, Khuksha leaves extract showed best performance against the pest attack compare to other extracts. Marigold leaf extract also showed good performance in the protection of brinjal plant from pest. The efficacy of Chotra, and Chirata leaf extracts was nearly same in brinjal plot against the pest attack. Neem leaf extracts showed moderate performance against pest. Mahogany seed extract showed lowest efficacy and hampered the normal plant growth and caused fruit rottening as well as reduced the yield of brinjal. Although Khuksha, Beal and Marigold leaf extracts were found effective against brinjal pests but a higher production was observed in the treatments of Neem and Chirata leaf extracts in experimental brinjal field.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i2.14809 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(2): 173-176 2012

scholarly journals Accelerated Solvent Extractions (ASE) of Mitragyna speciosa Korth. (Kratom) Leaves: Evaluation of Its Cytotoxicity and Antinociceptive Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3704
Author(s):  
Yong Sean Goh ◽  
Thiruventhan Karunakaran ◽  
Vikneswaran Murugaiyah ◽  
Rameshkumar Santhanam ◽  
Mohamad Hafizi Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Mitragyna Speciosa ◽  
Botanical Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

Mitragyna speciosa Korth (kratom) is known for its psychoactive and analgesic properties. Mitragynine is the primary constituent present in kratom leaves. This study highlights the utilisation of the green accelerated solvent extraction technique to produce a better, non-toxic and antinociceptive active botanical extract of kratom. ASE M. speciosa extract had a dry yield (0.53–2.91 g) and showed a constant mitragynine content (6.53–7.19%) when extracted with organic solvents of different polarities. It only requires a shorter extraction time (5 min) and a reduced amount of solvents (less than 100 mL). A substantial amount of total phenolic (407.83 ± 2.50 GAE mg/g and flavonoids (194.00 ± 5.00 QE mg/g) were found in ASE kratom ethanol extract. The MTT test indicated that the ASE kratom ethanolic leaf extract is non-cytotoxic towards HEK-293 and HeLa Chang liver cells. In mice, ASE kratom ethanolic extract (200 mg/kg) demonstrated a better antinociceptive effect compared to methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts. The presence of bioactive indole alkaloids and flavonols such as mitragynine, paynantheine, quercetin, and rutin in ASE kratom ethanolic leaf extract was detected using UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis supports its antinociceptive properties. ASE ethanolic leaf extract offers a better, safe, and cost-effective choice of test botanical extract for further preclinical studies.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK DAUN DAN BIJI TEPHROSIA VOGELII J. D. HOOKER (LEGUMINOSAE) DAN EKSTRAK BUAH PIPER CUBEBA L. (PIPERACEAE) TERHADAP LARVA CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Muhamad Abizar ◽  
Djoko Prijono
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Leaf Residue ◽  
Seed Extracts

Insecticidal activity of leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii J. D. Hooker (Leguminosae) and fruit extract of Piper cubeba L. (Piperaceae) on the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).  Ethyl acetate leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii and a solid fraction of ethyl acetate fruit extract of Piper cubeba were evaluated for their insecticidal activity on second-instar larvae Crocidolomia pavonana by a leaf-residue feeding method in the laboratory.  Leaf extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii showed the same pattern of component separation on silica gel TLC plate (Rf between 0.21 and 0.94), and likewise the separation of components of seed extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii (Rf between 0.31 and 0.96).  All four kinds of T. vogelii extracts showed intense UV-absorbing nonpolar spots (Rf > 0.8).  Based on LC50 ratio at day 4, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii (LC50 0.075%) was 4.30, 2.70, 2.21, and 1.64 times more toxic than fruit extract of P. cubeba, seed extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, seed extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii, and leaf extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, respectively.  All T. vogelii extracts were more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than P. cubeba fruit extract.  At LC95 level, a mixture of leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and fruit extract of P. cubeba (5:9, w/w) was more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than each extract tested separately.  This extract mixture had synergistic joint action against C. pavonana larvae both at LC50 and LC95 level.  Thus, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and its mixture with P. cubeba fruit extract are promising to be used for controlling C. pavonana.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Some Botanical Extracts on Plant Growth, Yield and Pest Management in Eggplant Field

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAK Azad ◽  
SK Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Botanical Extracts ◽  
Ficus Hispida

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of nine botanical extracts on plant growth, yield and pest management in eggplant field. Aqueous extracts of dried leaves of Nicotiana tabacum, Aegle marmelos, Ficus hispida, Lawsonia inermis, Vitex negundo and seeds of Carum roxburghianum, Corchorus capsularis and Swietenia macrophylla and bulb of Allium sativum were prepared and sprayed in experimental eggplant field at University of Rajshahi during January 1, 2014 to May 5, 2014. Out of these nine botanicals, Nicotiana tabacum extract showed best performance against pest attack in eggplant field. The leaf extract of Ficus hispida also showed good efficacy in the protection of eggplant from pest attack. The highest plant length and fruit yield were recorded in the treatment of Nicotiana tabacum, whereas second and third highest productions were observed in Aegle marmelos and Ficus hispida treatments, respectively. Both Allium sativum and Carum roxburghianum extracts were found to show phyto-toxicity to eggplant and hampered the plant growth and yield.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(1): 137-140 2017

Antibacterial Activities of Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Puspa Julistia Puspita ◽  
Mega Safithri ◽  
Nirmala Peni Sugiharti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Herbal Plants

Piper crocatum is one of medicinal herbal plants with a large number of benefits. Usually herbal plants have activity as antibacterial agent. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to obtain information on antibacterial activities of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum againts four types of bacteria, in that Staphylococcus, Bacillus substilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and then to analyze the phytochemistry of the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum. The leaves of Piper crocatum were extracted by maceration and reflux using ethanol 30%. The assays of the antibacterial activities and phytochemistry on the extracts were carried out using the method of Maria Bintang. Results showed that the yield of the extraction using ethanol by maceration method was 20.8%. Meanwhile, using the reflux method, the yield was obtained about 26.25%. The phytochemistry analysis showed that the leaf extracts of Piper crocatum contained alkaloid, steroid and tanin. According to this study, it was found that the leaf extract of Piper crocatum can be used to inhibit the growth of B. subtilis and P. aeuruginosa, but can not inhibit the growth of E.coli and S. aureus.

Insecticidal Activities of the Leaf Extract of the Invasive Alien Plant, Chromolaena odorata (L.) (Asteraceae) Against Macrotermes species (Termites)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
O. Uyi, ◽  
I.G. Amolo ◽  
A.D. Adetimehin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Impregnation Technique ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Worker Caste

Several studies have demonstrated the biological efficacy of leaf, stem and root powders or extracts of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson against insect pests but those that are focused on the biological efficacy of aqueous leaf extracts against Macrotermes species are scanty. Current management of termites with synthetic insecticides is being discouraged due to human and environmental hazards. Therefore, the insecticidal effectiveness of aqueous leaf extract C. odorata against Macrotermes species was investigated. Five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% (w/v)) of the aqueous extract of C. odorata plant were evaluated for repellency and toxicity on the worker caste of Macrotermes species following standard procedures. The filter paper impregnation technique was used for the bioassay. Percentage repellency was monitored for 30 minutes and mortality recorded at 12, 24 and 36 hours post exposure. The leaf extract of C. odorata significantly repelled 95% of Macrotermes species at the highest concentration of 10% (w/v) after 30 minutes post treatment exposure. Mortality of Macrotermes species was independent of treatment concentration, but dependent on duration of exposure. All treatment concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata caused significant mortality against Macrotermes species ranging between 94% and 98% compared to the control; indicating very great potential for adoption and use in the management of Macrotermes species.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN KONSENTRASI BIOINSEKTISIDA DAUN DAN BIJI MIMBA (Azadirachta indica) TERHADAP KEMATIAN ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Ajiningrum ◽  
I. A. K. Pramushinta
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Variant Analysis ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Army Worm

Red spinach (Alternanthera amoena) is one of the vegetable commodities that many people in demand for consumption because of its high nutritional content. Efforts to increase the production of red spinach often experience various obstacles. The main obstacle that limits the productivity of red spinach in the tropics is the number of Plant Disturbing Organisms  in the form of pests and potential diseases that can attack and decrease the production of spinach. One of the pests that often attack spinach is the existence of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.). Therefore, farmers need a way to eradicate the pest. This research is experimental using Random Complete Group. The data obtained were analyzed with variant analysis (ANOVA) in one direction and continued with LSD (Least Significant Different) test. Provision of botanical insecticide done by spraying the extract of leaves and seeds mimba with concentration dose 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%. In the final analysis of mortality data of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.) treated with mimba leaf extract obtained significant value of 76.263 at a significant level of 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is influence of mimba leaf extract on mortality of army worm. In the final analysis of mortality data of army worm (Spodoptera litura F.) treated with mimba seed extract obtained significant value of 78.625 at a significant level of 0.05 so it can be concluded that there is an effect of mimba seeds extract on mortality army worm.   Keywords: mimba leaf extract,  mimba seed extract, red spinach (Alternanthera amoena), army worm (Spodoptera litura F.), botanical insecticide

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN HAMA Callosobruchus chinensis L. (Coleoptera : Bruchidae)

AGRICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Yustina M.S.W Puu ◽  
Hildegardis Nalti Nansi
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Spawning Activity ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Contact Poison ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

Callosobruchus Chinensis is a pest that damages mung bean seeds in storage and causes damage to both the quality and quantity of seeds. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of neem leaf extracts in suppressing the development of the Callosobruchus Chinensis pest as one of the postharvest pests in the commodity green beans. This research conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Flores, by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The concentration of neem leaf extract treatment is 0 ml / l, 25 ml / l, 30 ml / l, 35 ml / l, and 40 ml / l. The results showed that the concentration of neem leaf extract 40 ml / l caused mortality of C. Chinensis imago as contact poison by 99% and nerve poison by 47%. While the effectiveness of the limb leaf extract on spawning activity was 86%.

scholarly journals Characterization of Phytoconstituents from Alcoholic Extracts of Four Woody Species and Their Potential Uses for Management of Six Fusarium oxysporum Isolates Identified from Some Plant Hosts

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1325
Author(s):  
Mohamed Z. M. Salem ◽  
Abeer A. Mohamed ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Dunia A. Al Al Farraj
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Conium Maculatum

Background: Trees are good sources of bioactive compounds as antifungal and antioxidant activities. Methods: Management of six molecularly identified Fusarium oxysporum isolates (F. oxy 1, F. oxy 2, F. oxy 3, F. oxy 4, F. oxy 5 and F. oxy 6, under the accession numbers MW854648, MW854649, MW854650, MW854651, and MW854652, respectively) was assayed using four extracts from Conium maculatum leaves, Acacia saligna bark, Schinus terebinthifolius wood and Ficus eriobotryoides leaves. All the extracts were analyzed using HPLC-VWD for phenolic and flavonoid compounds and the antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid (BCB) bleaching assays. Results: In mg/kg extract, the highest amounts of polyphenolic compounds p-hydroxy benzoic, benzoic, gallic, and rosmarinic acids, with 444.37, 342.16, 311.32 and 117.87, respectively, were observed in C. maculatum leaf extract; gallic and benzoic acids with 2551.02, 1580.32, respectively, in A. saligna bark extract; quinol, naringenin, rutin, catechol, and benzoic acid with 2530.22, 1224.904, 798.29, 732.28, and 697.73, respectively, in S. terebinthifolius wood extract; and rutin, o-coumaric acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, resveratrol, and rosmarinic acid with 9168.03, 2016.93, 1009.20, 1156.99, and 574.907, respectively, in F. eriobotryoides leaf extract. At the extract concentration of 1250 mg/L, the antifungal activity against the growth of F. oxysporum strains showed that A. saligna bark followed by C. maculatum leaf extracts had the highest inhibition percentage of fungal growth (IPFG%) against F. oxy 1 with 80% and 79.5%, F. oxy 2 with 86.44% and 78.9%, F. oxy 3 with 86.4% and 84.2%, F. oxy 4 with 84.2, and 82.1%, F. oxy 5 with 88.4% and 86.9%, and F. oxy 6 with 88.9, and 87.1%, respectively. For the antioxidant activity, ethanolic extract from C. maculatum leaves showed the lowest concentration that inhibited 50% of DPPH free radical (3.4 μg/mL). Additionally, the same extract observed the lowest concentration (4.5 μg/mL) that inhibited BCB bleaching. Conclusions: Extracts from A. saligna bark and C. maculatum leaves are considered potential candidates against the growth of F. oxysporum isolates—a wilt pathogen—and C. maculatum leaf as a potent antioxidant agent.

scholarly journals In vitro anti-bacterial activity of Tinospora cordifolia leaf extract and its phytochemical screening

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
B. Praiwala ◽  
S. Priyanka ◽  
N. Raghu ◽  
N. Gopenath ◽  
A. Gnanasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Screening Assay

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is the main concern worldwide to combat infectious. Over the years studies on leaf extracts Tinospora cordifolia have demonstrated the potent role its antibacterial property. The current study is an attempt to test its antibacterial property against Escherichia coli cell division. Material and methods: Phytochemical screening assay of T. cordifolia leaf extract was done using standard procedure and the results showed the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, terpenoid, steroid, tannin, amino acid, flavonoid and glycoside components. Results: HPLC analysis revealed the presence of berberine in T. cordifolia leaf extract. Further E. coli cells were treated with berberine to study its efficacy in inhibiting cell division. Antibacterial assay was performed by using disc diffusion method. Conclusion: Among aqueous, methanolic, ethanolic, chloroform, hexane and acetone extract only methanolic extract showed zone of inhibition.

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