scholarly journals Discourse of war in Oleksa Stefanovych’s poetry

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Тетяна Рязанцева
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Religious Poetry ◽  
The Real ◽  
Creative Strategy ◽  
Memory Representations ◽  
War Experience ◽  
The Military ◽  
Real Places

The is article focuses on the military topics and poetics in the patriotic and religious poetry of Oleksa Stefanovych (1899—1970), one of the most interesting Ukrainian diaspora writers. The question of his personal war experience remains open, but the topic of war and the struggle for independence is an important element of his poetry. The e material for analysis is taken from his Apocalyptic cycle “The World’s End” (“Kinetssvitnie”) inspired by the events of the WWII, from his patriotic poems dedicated to the heroes of Kruty and Oleh Olzhych, and from the fragments of his unfinished poetic works on the tragic events of Bazar (“Do Bazaru”) and Brody (“Do Brodiv”). Based on Aleida Assman’s descriptions concerning the peculiarities of memory representations in literature, the author demonstrates the main points of Stefanovych’s creative strategy. It is focused on the sacralization and mythologization of real places, figures, and events connected with the struggle for Ukrainian statehood in the early 20th century and the participation of Ukrainians in the events of the WWII. Stefanovych sacralizes space and time by putting the real tragedies of Ukrainian history into the Apocalyptic context and interweaving the motifs of martyrdom and heroism. In his poetic universe the sites of historical events become the places of worship, memory or trauma tightly connected with the paradoxical experience of military defeat that turned to be the moral victory. The typical stylistic traits of Stefanovych’s poetry are defined as the balance between the high symbolism and accuracy of naturalistic details, the extreme level of dramatic tension and exact moral accents.  

THE FIGHT AGAINST INFECTIOUS DISEASES AMONG THE PEOPLES OF DAGESTAN IN THE 19th - BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Valentina P. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Military ◽  
Real State

Various means of combating infectious diseases among the peoples of Dagestan in the 19th and early 20th century are considered. The article analyzes the materials of the newspaper “Kavkazˮ about infectious diseases in Dagestan, which often penetrated from other regions. The article reflects data on the real state of the fight against epidemics, which was carried out by the military commandant of Derbent, and a conclusion is made about the need to create preventive measures against infectious diseases.

An Earwitness to History: Street Hawkers and Their Calls in Early 20th-Century Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziad Fahmy
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Middle East ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Five Senses ◽  
Embodied History

Historians have recently started listening to the past, contributing to what David Howes has described as a “sensorial revolution in the humanities and social sciences.” In the same way that all five senses are relevant to our daily understanding of the world around us, they should be vital to our understanding of historical events. Interpreting how peoples of the past sensorially experienced their world makes possible a richer, more comprehensive grasp of historical events. A sensorially grounded historical narrative is an embodied history that is connected to everyday people and lives. Historians of the Middle East, however, with few exceptions, are still largely producing soundproof, devocalized narratives of the past.

scholarly journals Tracing Pan-Slavism in Official Documents of the Military Department of the Russian Empire in the Early 20th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
П.П. Рыхтик
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Russian Military ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military

Рассматривается проблема влияния идеологической концепции панславизма на систему отношений великих держав и малых акторов в Балканском регионе начала ХХ века. Дается взгляд на теорию панславизма как явления мировой общественно-политической мысли, зародившегося в XIX веке и представляющего собой многосоставное и неопределенное понятие, наполнявшееся различным смыслом отдельными теоретиками. Особое внимание уделяется чертам русского панславизма как одного из ответвлений данного течения, наиболее актуального в рамках общественно-политического дискурса поздней Российской империи. Указывается на влияние на русский панславистский дискурс следующих основных факторов: актуальных задач балканской политики России, образов «братьев-славян», формировавшихся в русском общественно-политическом сознании в XIX — начале ХХ века, и связанной с данным образом метафоры «славянской взаимности»; развитие и усиление популярности в России к рубежу XIX–XX веков идей славянофилов. Приводится анализ постепенного проникновения элементов панславистского дискурса из комплекса идей поздних славянофилов, в частности на основе работ и речей В. И. Ламанского, в тексты официального характера (планы, донесения, аналитические записки) Генерального штаба (Главного штаба) Российской империи в начале ХХ века, посвященные вопросам русского военного и политического влияния в системе международных отношений на Балканах начала ХХ века. Делается вывод об особенностях данного идеологического проникновения панславистской концепции в ее взаимодействии с образом «малых» южнославянских народов в сознание подданных Российской империи, с мифом о «братьях-славянах», об актуальной политической обстановке, в которой находилась Россия. The article traces the influence of the ideology of Pan-Slavism on the interaction of major and minor countries in the Balkans in the early 20th century. Pan-Slavism is treated as a social and political philosophy which originated in the 19th century to become a versatile and heterogeneous concept, which is differently interpreted by different theoreticians. The article focuses on Russian Pan-Slavism as a variety of this philosophy typical of social and political discourse of the late Russian Empire. The article highlights the great influence exerted upon Russian Pan-Slavism by the following factors: Russian objectives in the Balkans, the idea of Slavic fraternity, the popularity of Slavophilism in Russia at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries. The article analyzes the process of gradual penetration of Pan-Slavic ideas shared by late Slavophiles, V. I. Lamansky in particular, into official texts (plans, reports, analytical notes) issued by the General Headquarters of the Russian Empire in the early 20th century and devoted to the discussion of Russian military and political influence on the system of international relations in the Balkans in the early 20th century. The author focuses on the peculiarities of the Pan-Slavic penetration and the image of Southern Slavs in the Russian Empire. The author also focuses on the idea of Slavic fraternity and the political situation in Russia.

scholarly journals The military apartment fee in Belarus (second half of the 19th – early 20th century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-70
Author(s):  
Aliaksandr B. Arlukevich
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

The article reveals the influence of the military housing tax on the socio-economic development of municipal centers and the processes of urbanisation in Belarus in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. On the basis of a wide range of sources, it is proved that during the period under review, the amount of funds collected by the population in cities and towns with the active mediation of local self-government institutions for the rental of army headquarters, infirmaries, warehouses, officers’ apartments, rent and construction of soldiers’ barracks was comparable to the total income of magistrates and thus deprived them of the necessary reserve for saving and developing public utilities and infrastructure. On this basis, the collection of apartment money can be considered one of the key economic factors that determined the specifics of the development of the Belarusian city during the modernisation period. Until now the collection of funds in the framework of post-conscription in the territory of the Belarusian provinces has not become the subject of special research. Most of the facts presented in the work are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

On the Way to Modern Society: the Shia Clergy in Early 20th Century Iranian Politics

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5 (103)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Anna Ardashnikova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Real ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Political Events ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

Social and political events of the early 20 century caused the emergence of new concepts for the development of Iran, the relevance of which over time not only did not diminish, but increased. The agents of new ideology were both intellectual reformers of the secular circle and the Shia clergy, who actively participated in politics. The article, within the framework of an interdisciplinary study, examines the interaction of innovation and tradition at the stages of socio-political transformations that are crucial for Iran and highlights the arsenal of propaganda tools that were used in this process. Archival documentary materials and poetry of journalistic nature, which are first introduced into scientific circulation, allow to hear the “real voice” of the direct participants and witnesses of the events of this period.

Publications of Russian Newspapers and Magazines of the Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Century as a Source on the History of the Kazakh National Liberation Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4 (28)) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Zakish T. Sadvokasova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
Liberation Movement ◽  
National Liberation Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military

The article provides an overview of newspaper and magazine publications of the second half of the 19th - early 20th century on the problem of the Kazakh national liberation movement. The participation of Kazakhs in the Pugachev uprising, the uprisings of I. Kutebarov, I. Taimanov, K. Kasymov, protests against the introduction of tsarist reforms on the territory of Kazakhstan and others are presented in the materials. The authors of latter are Russian officials, the military and others. Their value lies in the coverage of events, based on documents were discovered by the authors or written from eyewitnesses.

scholarly journals Scouting the Desert of the Real: Avant-Gardism of the Avant-Pop

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Mojca Krevel
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Unsuccessful Attempt ◽  
The Real ◽  
Literary Movement ◽  
The Social

The paper examines the legacy of the European historical Avant-Gardes from the perspective of the shift of paradigms immanent in the formation of the Postmodern epoch. The existing theories generally regard the Avant-Gardes as an unsuccessful attempt to redefine the function of art in the social, cultural and economic environment of the early 20th century. Examining the productivity and relevance of the historical Avant-Gardes from the perspective of the Avant-Pop, the first thoroughly Postmodern literary movement, I intend to show how the strategies of fragmentation and the breaking of organicity not only quintessentially defined the manner in which Modernity and its art came to an end, but how they also provided the basis forthe formation of culture and art that no longer functions according to Cartesian principles.

scholarly journals Review: Konovalov I.A. The Role and Place of the General Police in the Local Government System of Siberia (18th – Early 20th Century). Moscow, INFRA-M Publ., 2020. 311 p. (Ser. Nauchnaya mysl’)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (26)) ◽  
pp. 178-180
Author(s):  
Anatoly Р. Tolochko
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
State University ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Military

The review is dedicated to the monograph by Igor A. Konovalov, doctor of historical sciences, professor of Omsk State University. In the monograph developed the scientific concept of the local governance of Siberia during the 18th - early 20th century. According to that concept, the military and administrative powers of the voivodship in the 18th century were transformed into administrative and police functions, established within the framework of imperial legislation and implemented by the governors with the help of an extensive and specialized police establishment. An original proposition is that the general police since its inception in the 18th century played a leading role in the local government system of Siberia, in effect realizing the functions of the local administration.

scholarly journals Who wrote the book "Svestena istorija", translated by Jovan Rajic?

2015 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Zarko Vojnovic
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Real ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sacred History

In 1793 in Vienna was published the book called "Svestena istorija" ("Sacred history"), in Serbian language. It was known that the translator was Jovan Rajic, but the author remained unknown at that time. In the early 20th century Dimitrije Ruvarac attributed the book to Platon Levsin. As relevant information it became a part of almost all bibliographic sources. The paper deals with the issue, trying to establish, on the basis of bibliographical and literaryhistorical research, identity of the real author. In addition, it considers the 18th century poetics of translation, as a necessary context for understanding the book and literary issues.

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