scholarly journals Ultrasonography Evaluation of Umbilical Structures in Clinically Healthy Donkey Foals during the First Week of Life

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1650
Author(s):  
Valentina Vitale ◽  
Irene Nocera ◽  
Micaela Sgorbini ◽  
Benedetta Aliboni ◽  
Fulvio Laus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Portable Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Machine ◽  
Linear Probe ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Ultrasonographic Appearance

The umbilicus is a potential access-point for pathogens in equine foal, causing umbilical infections and potentially life-threating illness. Early diagnosis based on ultrasonographic appearance and measurement is crucial to avoid severe complications and promptly implement appropriate therapy. This study ultrasonographically evaluates the umbilical remnants of donkey foals, in the first week of life. Fifteen healthy donkey foals were included in the study. The umbilical vein, arteries and urachus ultrasounds were performed at 24 h, 3 and 7 days of life, using a portable ultrasound machine and a 5–7.5 MHz multifrequency linear probe. The Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparisons test were applied to verify differences in relation to time for all the umbilical remnants measured. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. No statistical differences were observed in relation to time regarding umbilical remnant measurements. A correlation was found between body weight and the left artery at T0. The regression of the umbilical remnant during the first week of life was slower compared with what was reported in equine foals but was comparable with the results on calves. Thus, the different regression timing needs be considered when evaluating donkey foals with umbilical remnant diseases within the first week of life.

scholarly journals Two-Segment Foot Model for the Biomechanical Analysis of Squat

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
E. Panero ◽  
L. Gastaldi ◽  
W. Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Foot Model ◽  
Partial Body ◽  
The One ◽  
Midtarsal Joint

Squat exercise is acquiring interest in many fields, due to its benefits in improving health and its biomechanical similarities to a wide range of sport motions and the recruitment of many body segments in a single maneuver. Several researches had examined considerable biomechanical aspects of lower limbs during squat, but not without limitations. The main goal of this study focuses on the analysis of the foot contribution during a partial body weight squat, using a two-segment foot model that considers separately the forefoot and the hindfoot. The forefoot and hindfoot are articulated by the midtarsal joint. Five subjects performed a series of three trials, and results were averaged. Joint kinematics and dynamics were obtained using motion capture system, two force plates closed together, and inverse dynamics techniques. The midtarsal joint reached a dorsiflexion peak of 4°. Different strategies between subjects revealed 4° supination and 2.5° pronation of the forefoot. Vertical GRF showed 20% of body weight concentrated on the forefoot and 30% on the hindfoot. The percentages varied during motion, with a peak of 40% on the hindfoot and correspondently 10% on the forefoot, while the traditional model depicted the unique constant 50% value. Ankle peak of plantarflexion moment, power absorption, and power generation was consistent with values estimated by the one-segment model, without statistical significance.

Exercise training enhances leg vasodilatory capacity of 65-yr-old men and women

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1804-1809 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Martin ◽  
W. M. Kohrt ◽  
M. T. Malley ◽  
E. Korte ◽  
S. Stoltz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Leg Blood Flow ◽  
Endurance Exercise Training

To determine whether extremity vasodilatory capacity may be augmented in older persons by endurance exercise training, lower leg blood flow and conductance were characterized plethysmographically at rest and during maximal hyperemia in 9 men and 10 women aged 64 +/- 3 (SD) yr before and after 31 +/- 6 wk of walking and jogging at 70-90% of maximal oxygen uptake for 45 min 3-5 days/wk. Maximal oxygen uptake expressed as milliliters per kilogram per minute improved 25% in men and 21% in women (P less than 0.01). Maximal leg blood flow and conductance increased in all nine men by an average of 39 +/- 33 (P less than 0.001) and 42 +/- 44% (P less than 0.004), respectively. Results were more variable in women and achieved unequivocal statistical significance only for maximal blood flow (+33 +/- 54% for blood flow and +29 +/- 55% for conductance; P less than 0.02 and P = 0.05, respectively). Body weight and skinfold adiposity declined in both sexes (P less than 0.05). Enhancement of vasodilatory capacity was related to weight loss in men and adipose tissue loss in women (r = 0.61 and 0.51, respectively; P less than 0.05). There were no significant changes in exercise capacity, body weight, or maximal blood flow in four male and three female controls aged 66 +/- 4 yr. Thus adaptability of the lower limb circulation to endurance exercise training is retained to at least age 65 yr.

scholarly journals Abdominal obesity: prevalence, sociodemographic- and lifestyle-associated factors in adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian R. Tebar ◽  
Luiz Carlos M. Vanderlei ◽  
Catarina C. Scarabotollo ◽  
Edner F. Zanuto ◽  
Bruna T. C. Saraiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Obesity Prevalence

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of abdominal obesity and its associated factors among adolescents, independent of confounders. Method: A sample of 14–17-year-old individuals (n=1.231), who were students from Londrina/PR-Brazil public schools, was studied. A questionnaire about physical activity, sedentary behaviour and socioeconomic conditions was applied. Anthropometry was composed of body weight (kg), height (m), body mass index (BMI=kg/m²) and waist circumference (cm). The association of abdominal obesity and independent variables was assessed using the chi-square test and the magnitude of associations was verified using Binary Logistic Regression in an unadjusted model and adjusted for confounders (gender, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity and sedentary behaviour). The confidence interval and statistical significance were set at 95% and 5%, respectively, using SPSS v15.0. Results: The abdominal obesity prevalence was 17.5% (CI = 15.4%–19.6%), and was higher in boys than in girls. Adolescents with abdominal obesity had higher values of body weight, height, body mass index and sedentary behaviour compared to eutrophic individuals. Being male increased the risk of abdominal obesity by 36% in adolescents. This risk was two times higher in those with high levels of sedentary behaviour. Conclusion: Abdominal obesity was significantly associated with gender and high levels of sedentary behaviour, regardless of confounding factors. Lifestyle habits are important modifiable risk factors that can effectively contribute to the reduction of obesity from an early age.

scholarly journals Ticagrelor and clopidogrel suppress NF-κB to treat acute coronary syndrome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuyin Jia ◽  
Yiwei Huang ◽  
Xiaojun Ji ◽  
Jiaju Sun ◽  
Guosheng Fu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Abstract Background: Inflammatory cytokines are involved in acute coronary syndrome (ACS),and NF-kB is the central regulator of inflammation. Moreover, ticagrelor and clopidogrelcan prevent thrombotic events and improve the care of patients with ACS. Thus, we speculated that ticagrelor and clopidogrel relieve ACS by regulating NF-kB pathway. Methods: After human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with ticagrelor or clopidogrel and given lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and CD14, the mRNA levels of related inflammatory factors, the protein level changes of molecules in the NF-kB pathway, and the changes in cell viability, apoptosis and the cell cycle, cell migration, vascular formation and other vital activities were detected using quantitative Polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay, CCK8， flow cytometry, transwell assay, matrigel, respectively. All data was expressed as the mean ± S.D. The statistical significance of data was assessedby an unpaired two-tailed t-test. Results: Ticagrelor and clopidogrel can suppress the NF-kB pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation and entry into the nucleus of p65, restraining the degradation of IKBa, improving cell viability, restoring the cell cycle, cell migration and angiogenic ability, and inhibiting apoptosis. Conclusions: Ticagrelor and clopidogrel alleviate cellular dysfunction through suppressing NF-kB signaling to treat acute coronary syndrome.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological Variables and Outcome in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Associated With BCR-ABL1 Transcript Type and Body Weight: An Outcome of European LeukemiaNet Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110384
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. J. Abdulla ◽  
Prem Chandra ◽  
Susanna El Akiki ◽  
Mahmood B. Aldapt ◽  
Sundus Sardar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Molecular Response ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transcript Type

Objective It is debatable whether BCR-ABL1 transcript type has an impact on outcome of treatment of patients with CML, and it is not widely studied whether body weight influences response to treatment. In this study, we tried to find out if any of these factors has an impact on response to treatment and outcome. Methodology We conducted a retrospective analysis of the files of 79 patients being treated in our center for CML with known BCR-ABL1 breakpoints, and patients’ management and response assessment was done based on ELN 2013 guidelines. The analysis was performed based on two main groups, obese vs. normal BMI, and then based on BCR-ABL1 transcripts: e13a2 vs. e14a2. Cumulative incidence of MMR, CCyR, and DMR were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier survival curve method, and comparisons between groups were performed by the Log-rank/Gray test methods. Results/conclusion In the patient-cohort studied, there was no statistically significant difference in molecular response between patients with CML based on body weight or transcript type although patients in the obesity group achieved higher and faster MMR with no statistical significance.

scholarly journals Correlation of in vitro fertilization (IVF) infertility treatment outcomes and body weight index in women of reproductive age

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
A. S. Druzhinina ◽  
I. I. Vitiazeva ◽  
D. A. Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Menstrual Dysfunction ◽  
Ivf Outcomes

Backgraund: obesity/overweight in women are often the causes of menstrual dysfunction and infertility.Aims: To identify the association between overweight/obesity and IVF outcomes.Materials and methods: retrospective study — data of 1874 patients undergoing IVF in the Endocrinology Research Centre (2012–2019) was analyzed. Exclusion criteria: BMI <18.5 kg/m2, polycystic ovary syndrome, donation of ­oocytes, ectopic pregnancy, fertilization with partner’s epididymal/testicular sperm. The study included 1583 women aged 21–45 years (median 33.0 y.o. [30.0; 37.0], median BMI 23 kg/m2 [20.7; 26.2]). Statistical data processing was performed using the STATISTICA application package (StatSoft). The threshold level of statistical significance is <0.05.Results: Patients were divided into 5 groups (gr.): normal body weight (NBW) - 1061 people (ppl.) (gr. 1), overweight — 368 (gr. 2), class I obesity — 117 (gr. 3), class II obesity — 36 (gr. 4), class III obesity — 1 (gr. 5). In each group, the estimated pregnancy rate (PR) and its outcomes, the frequency of lightweight newborns (body weight at birth <2500g), newborns with NBW (2500-3999g), births with a large fetus (≥4000g) were measured. The PR didn’t differ: 34.6%, 34.5%, 30,7%, 41,7%, respectively, the woman in gr.5 got pregnant. Among 407 (74.4%) singleton pregnancies urgent delivery was registered in 71.91%, 67,57%, 70,83%, 60,0%, gr. 5 — no ­information. Premature birth: 7,66%, 5,41%, 8,33%, 0%. Spontaneous abortion in the 1st trimester: 18,30%, 25,68%, 20,83%, 40,0%. Spontaneous abortion in the 2nd trimester: 2,13%, 1,35% in gr. 2, 3, 4. Lightweight newborns: 8,81%, 11,36%, 6,25%, 0%. Newborns with NBW: 84,91%, 84,09%, 75,0%, 60,0%. Large-childbirth — 6,29%, 4,55%, 18,75%, 40,0%.Conclusions: Correlation analysis of the dependence of PR and its outcomes on the BMI was not revealed (p=0.975 and p=0.469, respectively). Large fetus births were more often detected in obese patients (p=0.0016). A large prospective group is needed to expand the estimated body parameters to the IVF outcomes.

scholarly journals The influence of food restriction versus ad libitum feeding of chow and purified diets on variation in body weight, growth and physiology of female Wistar rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Moraal ◽  
P P A M Leenaars ◽  
H Arnts ◽  
K Smeets ◽  
B S Savenije ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

Ad libitum (AL) supply of standard chow is the feeding method most often used for rodents in animal experiments. However, AL feeding is known to result in a shorter lifespan and decreased health as compared with restricted feeding. Restricted feeding and thus limiting calorie intake prevents many health problems, increases lifespan and can also increase group uniformity. All this leads to a reduced number of animals needed. So-called standard chows are known to be prone to variation in composition. Synthetic foods have a more standard composition, contributing to group uniformity which, like diet reduction, may decrease the number of animals necessary to obtain statistical significance. In this study, we compared the effects of AL versus restricted feeding (25% reduction in food intake) on standard chow versus synthetic food of three different suppliers on body weight (BW), growth, several blood parameters and organ weights in growing female Wistar rats over a period of 61 days. Diet restriction led to a decreased growth and significantly reduced variation in BW and growth as compared with AL feeding. AL feeding on synthetic diets caused a significantly higher BW gain than on chow diets. Due to experimental design, this same effect occurred on food restriction. Blood parameters and organ weights were affected neither by diet type nor by amount. Incidentally, variations were significantly reduced on food restriction versus AL, and on synthetic diets versus chow diets. This study demonstrates that food restriction versus AL feeding leads to a significantly reduced variation in BW and growth, thereby indicating the potential for reduction when applying this feeding schedule.

scholarly journals Different Methylation of CpG-SNPs in Behcet’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yang Huang ◽  
Handan Tan ◽  
Qingfeng Cao ◽  
Gangxiang Yuan ◽  
Guannan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behçet’S Disease ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Behçet's Disease ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Behcet's Disease ◽  
Second Stage

Purpose. We recently performed an Epigenome-Wide Association Studies (EWAS) study in Behcet’s disease (BD) and identified various cytosine–phosphate–guanine (CpG) loci that were aberrantly methylated. In the current study, we wanted to investigate whether these sites contained genetic polymorphisms and whether the frequency of these polymorphisms was altered in BD.Methods. A two-stage study was performed. The first stage involved 358 BD patients and 704 healthy controls to investigate genetic variants of 10 CpG-SNPs (rs10454134, rs176249, rs3808620, rs10176517, rs11247118, rs78016579, rs9461624, rs10492166, rs34929465, and rs6507921) using an iPLEX Gold genotyping assay and a Sequenom MassARRAY. In the second stage, an additional 172 independent BD patients and 330 healthy individuals are to confirm trends found in the first stage.Results. A higher frequency of both the rs10454134 AG genotypes (p = 0.008, OR = 1.413, 95% CI = 1.094-1.826) and a lower GG genotype frequency (p = 0.003, OR = 0.630, 95% CI = 0.465-0.854) were found in BD patients compared to the controls in the first stage. However, after correcting for multiple comparisons, all associations identified in the first stage lost statistical significance. The frequencies of the other CpG-SNPs investigated were not different between BD patients and controls. The second stage was designed using an additional cohort to confirm the association with CpG-SNP, rs10454134. The data failed to confirm the association between this CpG-SNP and BD.Conclusions. This study did not show an association between BD and CpG-SNPs in gene sites that were earlier shown to be aberrantly methylated.

Cerebrovascular Disease - Results With Antithrombotic Therapy : Some Observations

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
B A Sandok
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Antithrombotic Therapy ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Complete Evaluation ◽  
Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic ◽  
The Many

Antithrombotic therapy is now widely used in the treatment of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Governmental approval will increase use and further convince many that the issues of therapy are now resolved. They are not. The following approved professional labelling guidelines serve to highlight the many clinical and investigational problems that remain: (1) There is evidence that aspirin is safe and effective for reducing the risk of stroke in men who have symptoms due to fibrin-platelet emboli.(2) Patients should have a complete medical and neurologic evaluation.(3) The recommended dosage is 1300 mgm/day.The evidence for effectiveness, while of statistical significance, becomes clinically less important when one notes that in the Canadian study, a disturbing 12.4% of patients under treatment with aspirin, developed subsequent stroke. This should not be unexpected since similar cerebral ischemic symptoms may be produced by differing pathophysiologic mechanisms (not all related to fibrin-platelet embolization); and treatment for one may be illogical and ineffective for another. Accurate diagnosis is imperative for selecting appropriate therapy. In the clinical situation, in spite of “complete” evaluation, uncertainty of the underlying mechanism often remains. Questions also remain about the dosage recommendations, and other treatment alternatives for both women and men.Subsequent clinical trials will need to consider each of the above. Until then, patients with cerebral ischemic symptoms must be evaluated individually. Some may benefit from antithrombotic therapy-many will not.

Evaluation of the relationship between patient factors and the reduction in clearance of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2548-2548
Author(s):  
N. M. La-Beck ◽  
B. A. Zamboni ◽  
D. Tzemach ◽  
H. Schmeeda ◽  
R. Sapir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liposomal Doxorubicin ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Monocyte Count

2548 Background: The reticuloendothelial system (RES), which includes monocytes, may have a key role in clearance (CL) of nanoparticle sized pegylated liposomes. However, the factors affecting the CL of liposomes are unclear. Age, body composition, and monocyte count have been related to CL of liposomal agents (Zamboni, ASCO '07; Maruca, ASCO '07; Sidone, AACR- NCI-EORTC '07). The CL of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) decreases significantly from cycle 1 to 3 (Gabizon, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2008). The objectives of this study were to evaluate factors associated with decreases in PLD CL. Methods: Patients (pts) with various solid tumors were randomized to PLD administered IV every 28 days at 30, 60 and 45 mg/m2 (n = 6) or 60, 30 and 45 mg/m2 (n = 6) on cycles 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Serial plasma samples for PLD pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis were obtained prior to and at 1 h, 24 h, 72 to 96 h, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, and 28 d after PLD infusion on cycles 1, 2, and 3. Samples were processed to measure sum total (encapsulated + released) doxorubicin by HPLC with fluorescence. PLD CL was calculated by noncompartmental methods. Precycle monocyte count, age, and ratio of total body weight to ideal body weight were compared to PLD CL. Results: Mean + SD PLD CL on cycles 1 and 3 were 23.7 + 7.7 mL/h and 16.4 + 5.4 mL/h, (P < 0.0001). Pts with a reduction as compared with an increase in precycle monocyte count from cycle 1 to 3 had a mean + SD change in PLD CL of -11.5 + -3.5 mL/h and -5.3 + -3.0 mL/h, respectively (P = 0.09). Median age was 61 years old (yo). Pts > 61 yo and < 61 yo had a mean + SD change in PLD CL from cycles 1 to 3 of - 8.7 + -4.3 mL/h and -5.2 + -5.4 mL/h, respectively (P = 0.16). Conclusions: PLD CL decreased significantly from cycle 1 to 3. Decreased precycle monocyte count was associated with a larger decrease in PLD CL compared to increased monocyte count. Pts > 61 yo had a larger decrease in CL compared to pts < 61 yo. These results suggest monocytes are involved in the CL of PLD and that older pts may have less RES reserve and thus may be more likely to have a larger decrease in PLD CL with subsequent treatment cycles. Statistical significance was not met due to small sample size; however, further investigation of the association between changes in PLD CL and patient age and monocyte count is warranted. [Table: see text]

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