Electrospun Composite Nanofibrous Materials Based on (Poly)-Phenol-Polysaccharide Formulations for Potential Wound Treatment

In this paper, we focus on the preparation of electrospun composite nanofibrous materials based on (poly)-phenol-polysaccharide formulation. The prepared composite nanofibres are ideally suited as a controlled drug delivery system, especially for local treatment of different wounds, owing to their high surface and volume porosity and small fibre diameter. To evaluate the formulations, catechin and resveratrol were used as antioxidants. Both substances were embedded into chitosan particles, and further subjected to electrospinning. Formulations were characterized by determination of the particle size, encapsulation efficiency, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The electrospinning process was optimised through fine-tuning of the electrospinning solution and the electrospinning parameters. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the (nano)fibrous structure, while the successful incorporation of bio substances was assessed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The bioactive properties of the formed nanofibre -mats were evaluated by measuring the antioxidative efficiency and antimicrobial properties, followed by in vitro substance release tests. The prepared materials are bioactive, have antimicrobial and antioxidative properties and at the same time allow the release of the incorporated substances, which assures a promising use in medical applications, especially in wound care.

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Safety Assessment of Polypyrrole Nanoparticles and Spray-Coated Textiles

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11081991 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1991

Author(s):

Rossella Bengalli ◽

Luisa Fiandra ◽

Claudia Vineis ◽

Diego Omar Sanchez-Ramirez ◽

Nuno G. Azoia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Care ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Spray Coating ◽

Skin Toxicity ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Artificial Sweat ◽

Coated Fabrics ◽

Textile Coating

Polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles (NPs) are used for the coating of materials, such as textiles, with biomedical applications, including wound care and tissue engineering, but they are also promising antibacterial agents. In this work, PPy NPs were used for the spray-coating of textiles with antimicrobial properties. The functional properties of the materials were verified, and their safety was evaluated. Two main exposure scenarios for humans were identified: inhalation of PPy NPs during spray (manufacturing) and direct skin contact with NPs-coated fabrics (use). Thus, the toxicity properties of PPy NPs and PPy-coated textiles were assessed by using in vitro models representative of the lung and the skin. The results from the materials’ characterization showed the stability of both the PPy NP suspension and the textile coating, even after washing cycles and extraction in artificial sweat. Data from an in vitro model of the air–blood barrier showed the low toxicity of these NPs, with no alteration of cell viability and functionality observed. The skin toxicity of PPy NPs and the coated textiles was assessed on a reconstructed human epidermis model following OECD 431 and 439 guidelines. PPy NPs proved to be non-corrosive at the tested conditions, as well as non-irritant after extraction in artificial sweat at two different pH conditions. The obtained data suggest that PPy NPs are safe NMs in applications for textile coating.

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Preparation of Electrospun PLA Nanofiber Scaffold and the Evaluation In Vitro

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.288-289.139 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 288-289 ◽

pp. 139-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Xian Tao Wen ◽

Hong Song Fan ◽

Yan Fei Tan ◽

H.D. Cao ◽

H. Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

High Surface ◽

Volume Ratio ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

High Porosity ◽

Electrospun Scaffold ◽

Nanofiber Scaffold ◽

Soft Tissue Engineering

A electrospinning process to prepare soft tissue engineering scaffold was introduced in this study. This kind of scaffold was composed with ultrathin fiber and characterized with high porosity, well-interconnected pores and high surface-to-volume ratio. Biodegradable polylaticacid (PLA) was used to spin the scaffold and the scaffold was evaluated in vitro by analysis the microscopic structure, porosity, mechanical property, especially cytocompatibility. The results indicated that the electrospun PLA scaffold showed good cytocompatibility and the tensile property of electrospun scaffold was similar to human’s soft tissue. It could be expected that the electrospun scaffold would be potential in soft tissue engineering or soft tissue repair.

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Antibacterial Properties of Triethoxysilylpropyl Succinic Anhydride Silane (TESPSA) on Titanium Dental Implants

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12040773 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 773

Author(s):

Judit Buxadera-Palomero ◽

Maria Godoy-Gallardo ◽

Meritxell Molmeneu ◽

Miquel Punset ◽

Francisco Javier Gil

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Succinic Anhydride ◽

Human Fibroblasts ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Sodium Titanate ◽

Adhesion Assay ◽

Vitro Effect

Infections related to dental implants are a common complication that can ultimately lead to implant failure, and thereby carries significant health and economic costs. In order to ward off these infections, this paper explores the immobilization of triethoxysilylpropyl succinic anhydride (TESPSA, TSP) silane onto dental implants, and the interaction of two distinct monospecies biofilms and an oral plaque with the coated titanium samples. To this end, titanium disks from prior machining were first activated by a NaOH treatment and further functionalized with TESPSA silane. A porous sodium titanate surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of TESPSA on the titanium samples (8.4% for Ti–N-TSP). Furthermore, a lactate dehydrogenase assay concluded that TESPSA did not have a negative effect on the viability of human fibroblasts. Importantly, the in vitro effect of modified surfaces against Streptococcus sanguinis, Lactobacillus salivarius and oral plaque were studied using a viable bacterial adhesion assay. A significant reduction was achieved in all cases but, as expected, with different effectiveness against simple mono-species biofilm (ratio dead/live of 0.4) and complete oral biofilm (ratio dead/live of 0.6). Nevertheless, this approach holds a great potential to provide dental implants with antimicrobial properties.

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Bioactive Properties of Nanofibres Based on Concentrated Collagen Hydrolysate Loaded with Thyme and Oregano Essential Oils

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13071618 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1618 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mariana Daniela Berechet ◽

Carmen Gaidau ◽

Aleksandra Miletic ◽

Branka Pilic ◽

Maria Râpă ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Electrospinning Process ◽

Wound Dressings ◽

In Vitro Cultivation ◽

Collagen Hydrolysate ◽

Oregano Oil ◽

Constituent Elements ◽

Fibroblastic Cells

This research aimed to obtain biocompatible and antimicrobial nanofibres based on concentrated collagen hydrolysate loaded with thyme or oregano essential oils as a natural alternative to synthesis products. The essential oils were successfully incorporated using electrospinning process into collagen resulting nanofibres with diameter from 471 nm to 580 nm and porous structure. The presence of essential oils in collagen nanofibre mats was confirmed by Attenuated Total Reflectance -Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–VIS) and antimicrobial activity. Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy analyses allowed evaluating the morphology and constituent elements of the nanofibre networks. Microbiological tests performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans showed that the presence of essential oils supplemented the new collagen nanofibres with antimicrobial properties. The biocompatibility of collagen and collagen with essential oils was assessed by in vitro cultivation with NCTC clone 929 of fibroblastic cells and cell viability measurement. The results showed that the collagen and thyme or oregano oil composites have no cytotoxicity up to concentrations of 1000 μg·mL−1 and 500 μg mL−1, respectively. Optimization of electrospinning parameters has led to the obtaining of new collagen electrospun nanofibre mats loaded with essential oils with potential use for wound dressings, tissue engineering or protective clothing.

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Functionalisation of Silicone by Drug-Embedded Chitosan Nanoparticles for Potential Applications in Otorhinolaryngology

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12060847 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 847 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Urban Ajdnik ◽

Lidija Zemljič ◽

Matej Bračič ◽

Uroš Maver ◽

Olivija Plohl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Desorption Kinetics ◽

Biofilm Inhibition ◽

Tympanostomy Tubes ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽

Pre Treatment

Silicones are widely used medical materials that are also applied for tympanostomy tubes with a trending goal to functionalise the surface of the latter to enhance the healing of ear inflammations and other ear diseases, where such medical care is required. This study focuses on silicone surface treatment with various antimicrobial coatings. Polysaccharide coatings in the form of chitosan nanoparticles alone, or with an embedded drug mixture composed of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav) were prepared and applied onto silicone material. Plasma activation was also used as a pre-treatment for activation of the material’s surface for better adhesion of the coatings. The size of the nanoparticles was measured using the DLS method (Dynamic Light Scattering), stability of the dispersion was determined with zeta potential measurements, whilst the physicochemical properties of functionalised silicone materials were examined using the UV-Vis method (Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), XPS (X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). Moreover, in vitro drug release testing was used to follow the desorption kinetics and antimicrobial properties were tested by a bacterial cell count reduction assay using the standard gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The results show silicone materials as suitable materials for tympanostomy tubes, with the coating developed in this study showing excellent antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition properties. This implies a potential for better healing of ear inflammation, making the newly developed approach for the preparation of functionalised tympanostomy tubes promising for further testing towards clinical applications.

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Functionalized Nano-graphene Oxide as Multi-modal Clinic for Effective Drug Delivery

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2017.10.4.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 3768-3771

Author(s):

Soumitra Satapathi ◽

Rutusmita Mishra ◽

Manisha Chatterjee ◽

Partha Roy ◽

Somesh Mohapatra

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Graphene Derivatives ◽

Nano Graphene

Nano-materials based drug delivery modalities to specific organs and tissues has become one of the critical endeavors in pharmaceutical research. Recently, two-dimensional graphene has elicited considerable research interest because of its potential application in drug delivery systems. Here we report, the drug delivery applications of PEGylated nano-graphene oxide (nGO-PEG), complexed with a multiphoton active and anti-cancerous diarylheptanoid drug curcumin. Specifically, graphene-derivatives were used as nanovectors for the delivery of the hydrophobic anticancer drug curcumin due to its high surface area and easy surface functionalization. nGO was synthesized by modified Hummer’s method and confirmed by XRD analysis. The formation of nGO, nGO-PEG and nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex were monitored through UV-vis, IR spectroscopy. MTT assay and AO/EB staining found that nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex afforded highly potent cancer cell killing in vitro with a human breast cancer cell line MCF7.

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Smart Gn-Keto Nanohybrid Embedded Topical System for Effective Management of Dermatophytosis

Drug Delivery Letters ◽

10.2174/2210303108666181105112557 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 21-28

Author(s):

Nisha Sharma ◽

Shashikiran Misra

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Vital Role ◽

Common Disease ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Enhanced Solubility ◽

Bioactive Agents

Background and Objectives: Dermatophytosis (topical fungal infection) is the 4th common disease in the last decade, affecting 20-25% world’s population. Patients of AIDS, cancer, old age senescence, diabetes, cystic fibrosis become more vulnerable to dermatophytosis. The conventional topical dosage proves effective as prophylactic in preliminary stage. In the advanced stage, the therapeutics interacts with healthy tissues before reaching the pathogen site, showing undesirable effects, thus resulting in pitiable patient compliance. The youngest carbon nano-trope “Graphene” is recently used to manipulate bioactive agents for therapeutic purposes. Here, we explore graphene via smart engineering by virtue of high surface area and high payload for therapeutics and developed graphene–ketoconazole nanohybrid (Gn-keto) for potent efficacy towards dermatophytes in a controlled manner. </P><P> Methods: Polymethacrylate derivative Eudragit (ERL100 and ERS 100) microspheres embedded with keto and Gn-keto nanohybrid were formulated and characterized through FTIR, TGA, and SEM. In vitro drug release and antifungal activity of formulated Gn-keto microspheres were assessed for controlled release and better efficacy against selected dermatophytes. </P><P> Results: Presence of numerous pores within the surface of ERL100 microspheres advocated enhanced solubility and diffusion at the site of action. Controlled diffusion across the dialysis membrane was observed with ERS100 microspheres owing to the nonporous surface and poor permeability. Antifungal activity against T. rubrum and M. canis using microdilution method focused on a preeminent activity (99.785 % growth inhibition) of developed nanohybrid loaded microspheres as compared to 80.876% of keto loaded microspheres for T. rubrum. The culture of M. canis was found to be less susceptible to formulated microspheres. Conclusion: Synergistic antifungal activity was achieved by nanohybrid Gn-Keto loaded microspheres against selected topical fungal infections suggesting a vital role of graphene towards fungi.

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99mTc Labelling Strategies for the Development of Potential Nitroimidazolic Hypoxia Imaging Agents

Inorganics ◽

10.3390/inorganics7110128 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 128 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giglio ◽

Rey

Keyword(s):

Rational Design ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Oxidation States ◽

Hypoxia Imaging ◽

Biological Target ◽

99Mtc Radiopharmaceuticals ◽

99Mtc Labelling

Technetium-99m has a rich coordination chemistry that offers many possibilities in terms of oxidation states and donor atom sets. Modifications in the structure of the technetium complexes could be very useful for fine tuning the physicochemical and biological properties of potential 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals. However, systematic study of the influence of the labelling strategy on the “in vitro” and “in vivo” behaviour is necessary for a rational design of radiopharmaceuticals. Herein we present a review of the influence of the Tc complexes’ molecular structure on the biodistribution and the interaction with the biological target of potential nitroimidazolic hypoxia imaging radiopharmaceuticals presented in the literature from 2010 to the present. Comparison with the gold standard [18F]Fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) is also presented.

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Non-Thermal Plasma-Modified Ru-Sn-Ti Catalyst for Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compound Degradation

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10121456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1456

Author(s):

Yujie Fu ◽

You Zhang ◽

Qi Xin ◽

Zhong Zheng ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Treatment ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Surface Oxidation ◽

Treatment Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Volatile Organic ◽

Doped Titania

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are vital environmental concerns due to their low biodegradability and long-term persistence. Catalytic combustion technology is one of the more commonly used technologies for the treatment of CVOCs. Catalysts with high low-temperature activity, superior selectivity of non-toxic products, and resistance to chlorine poisoning are desirable. Here we adopted a plasma treatment method to synthesize a tin-doped titania loaded with ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) catalyst, possessing enhanced activity (T90%, the temperature at which 90% of dichloromethane (DCM) is decomposed, is 262 °C) compared to the catalyst prepared by the conventional calcination method. As revealed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, the high surface area of the tin-doped titania catalyst and the enhanced dispersion and surface oxidation of RuO2 induced by plasma treatment were found to be the main factors determining excellent catalytic activities.

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The Safety and Antimicrobial Properties of Stabilized Hypochlorous Acid in Acetic Acid Buffer for the Treatment of Acute Wounds—a Human Pilot Study and In Vitro Data

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds ◽

10.1177/15347346211015656 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153473462110156

Author(s):

Ewa A. Burian ◽

Lubna Sabah ◽

Klaus Kirketerp-Møller ◽

Elin Ibstedt ◽

Magnus M. Fazli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Hypochlorous Acid ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Donor Site ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Prolonged Treatment ◽

Wound Irrigation ◽

The Mean ◽

And Performance

Acute wounds may require cleansing to reduce the risk of infection. Stabilized hypochlorous acid in acetic buffer (HOCl + buffer) is a novel wound irrigation solution with antimicrobial properties. We performed a first-in-man, prospective, open-label pilot study to document preliminary safety and performance in the treatment of acute wounds. The study enrolled 12 subjects scheduled for a split-skin graft transplantation, where the donor site was used as a model of an acute wound. The treatment time was 75 s, given on 6 occasions. A total of 7 adverse events were regarded as related to the treatment; all registered as pain during the procedure for 2 subjects. One subject had a wound infection at the donor site. The mean colony-forming unit (CFU) decreased by 41% after the treatment, and the mean epithelialization was 96% on both days 14 (standard deviation [SD] 8%) and 21 (SD 10%). The study provides preliminary support for the safety, well-tolerance, and efficacy of HOCl + buffer for acute wounds. The pain was frequent although resolved quickly. Excellent wound healing and satisfying antimicrobial properties were observed. A subsequent in vitro biofilm study also indicated good antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 96% mean reduction of CFU, when used for a treatment duration of 15 min ( P < .0001), and a 50% decrease for Staphylococcus aureus ( P = .1010). Future larger studies are needed to evaluate the safety and performance of HOCl + buffer in acute wounds, including the promising antimicrobial effect by prolonged treatment on bacterial biofilms.

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