scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Groundwater Resources in the City of Al-Marj, Libya

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Jauda R. Jauda Hamad ◽  
Wan Zuhairi Yaacob ◽  
Abdelnaser Omran
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
The City ◽  
Groundwater Wells

This study aimed to assess and compare the quality of groundwater in the city of Al-Marj in Libya with the international standard guidelines for drinking water recommended by the World Health Organisation. An evaluation of the groundwater wells in the study area was conducted. Standard techniques, such as Minitab (v. 16) and ArcGIS (v.10.2), were used for the analytics of the physicochemical and biological parameters of the groundwater samples. An assessment of the calculation of groundwater quality was conducted on the basis of temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chloride, sulphate, bicarbonate, total hardness, calcium, potassium, magnesium, ammonia, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate, sodium, copper, iron, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria. Results indicated that most groundwater wells in the study area display a higher concentration of several parameters compared with the permissible limits of drinking water; thus, the water in these wells is chemically and biologically unsafe for drinking purposes. On the basis of the above results, routine water quality monitoring should be performed and additional water filtration plants should be installed by the local government to obtain safe drinking water.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Water and Sediment Qualities of Some Dams in Kwara State

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Abdus-Salam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Water And Sediment

Potable water is becoming progressively scarce due to anthropogenic pollution and it has necessitated monitoring of water quality of rivers and dams as a subject of ongoing concern and research. This study was conducted to assess the quality of water collected from four different dams (Agba, Igbaja, Oloru and Omu-Aran) in Kwara State, Nigeria using standard procedures. Water and sediment samples were collected from three different spatial locations on the dams. The average values of most physicochemical parameters like pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Alkalinity, some nutrients such as chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-), phosphate (PO43-), nitrate (NO3-) and some heavy metals such as Cu, Zn have values that were within World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for drinking water for each of the dams while Cd and Fe concentrations were observed to be much higher than WHO guidelines for drinking water. This could be as a result of anthropogenic input. The dams’ sediments analyzed for heavy metals showed that Mn, Zn and Cd were high in the dams, which can be easily washed into the water body through leaching, thereby causing detrimental effect to the consumers.

scholarly journals Groundwater quality assessment near a Nigerian dumpsite

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
O.A. Mokuolu ◽  
S.O. Jacob ◽  
A.M. Ayanshola
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Groundwater Assessment

Municipal solid waste collected in Nigeria are often disposed of in uncontrolled dumpsites and/or burnt in the open spaces and consequently causing significant pollution on surface water, ground water and the air. An investigational study was carried out on the level of pollution on groundwater near Gbagede dumpsite in Kwara state. Ground water samples, GW1, GW2, GW3 were taken at three different locations: 186 m, 290 m, and 326 m from the edge of the dumpsite. Physicochemical parameters evaluated include; pH, total hardness, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, alkalinity, turbidity, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrate ion, Chloride ion, Sulphate ion, Electrical conductivity, Calcium ion and Magnesium ion using standard laboratory procedures. The results of the evaluations were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) to establish its suitability for human consumption. Results fell within the stipulated range of WHO and NSDWQ standard for drinking water. It was however observed that the water quality improves with distance from the dumpsite. Statistical analyses indicated mild differences among all the parameters tested for in the samples at 95% confidence level. Uncontrolled accumulation of leachates from the dumpsite may pose potential risk to the source of water for the community in the near future. It was recommended that the dumpsite be relocated from the current residential area.Key Words: Groundwater, Assessment, Contaminants, Solid-waste, Water quality

scholarly journals Physicochemical Quality of Water from Chuho Springs, Kisoro District, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-26
Author(s):  
Gerald Nkurunziza ◽  
◽  
Timothy Omara ◽  
Caroline Kiwanuka Nakiguli ◽  
Paul Mukasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

In the current study, water from Chuho springs used as the main water source in Kisoro municipality, Uganda were assessed for their suitability as drinking water. The temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total hardness, total alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, phosphates, iron, copper, arsenic, chlorides and the fluoride content of the water samples were determined. Not all the parameters met World Health Organizations’ guidelines for drinking water. Temperature, dissolved oxygen and fluorides were outside the recommended limits of 15 ℃, 10-12 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L, respectively. Further studies should assess the microbiological and sanitary profile of the springs.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of River Beas During Winter Season in Himachal Pradesh, India.

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Sharma ◽  
Yogesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Lead Chloride ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
River Beas

Present investigation was carried out in 256 km stretch of river Beas in Himachal Pradesh for analysis of important physical, chemical and biological water quality parameters during winter season. Parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, alkalinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Colliform and Escherichia coli were analyzed from six sampling stations i.e. Beaskund , Shamshi, Pandohdam, Dharampur, Nadaun and Pongdam in the study area. The analysis of data reveals that turbidity, cadmium and lead, were found to be higher than the acceptable limit prescribed by Bureau of Indian standards (BIS), 2012 for drinking water in India. Colliform and E.coli were present in all the sampling stations of river Beas except at SS-1 and SS-2. All the other physicochemical parameters excepting pH at SS-5 (8.98±0.057) were within the limit prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO), 2011 and BIS, 2012 for drinking water in India.

Drinking Water Quality Monitoring in Ado-Ekiti and Environs

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 781-785
Author(s):  
O.P. Folorunso ◽  
T. Omotoso
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
World Health ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Bacteriological Test ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
T Distribution

The water cycle is an obvious mode of transmission of enteric diseases. Bacteriologically polluted water is potentially dangerous to health because of possible outbreak of typhoid, dysentery and cholera epidemics. In this paper major sources of drinking water in Ado Ekiti and its environs were examined for physical, chemical and biological qualities. These consists of wells in Adebayo, Ajilosun, Odo-Ado and other suburbs; most popular sachet waters (pure water) produce in Ado- Ekiti and the Pipe-borne water from the state water cooperation (Ureje treatment plants). The results were analyzed using t-distribution method of data analysis and World Health Organization (WHO) Standard was applied. The wells were found to be a little more acidic. All the samples showed high calcium content and some gave total hardness value above WHO standard. 70% of the samples, failed bacteriological test. Samples examined give a wider coverage of drinking water sources in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater quality of the Tista floodplain, Rangpur, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudip Saha ◽  
A. H. M. Selim Reza ◽  
Mrinal Kanti Roy
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Allowable Limit ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Sodium Magnesium

Abstract The Tista is a Trans-Himalayan river that flows through Sikkim and West Bengal states of India and Rangpur division of Bangladesh and finally falls into the Brahmaputra River. The presence of numerous abandoned channels with various degrees of aggradations indicates large migrations of the Tista River. The pH value of groundwater varies from 6.20 to 7.40 which indicate the slightly alkaline to acidic nature of the studied aquifers. The mean abundance of major cations is Na+ > Ca+2 > Mg+2 > K+, whereas the major anions is HCO3− > Cl− > SO4−2. Among the cations, Na+ is the dominant and K+ is the lowest constituents, whereas HCO3− is most abundant and SO4−2 is the minor constituents in anions. The hydrochemical facies of groundwater show that sodium, sodium–magnesium, sodium–calcium, sodium–magnesium–calcium and sodium–calcium–magnesium are cation facies and chloride–bicarbonate, bicarbonate–chloride and bicarbonate are anion facies. Correlating with WHO (Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 1, World Health Organisation, Geneva, 1997) and EQS (Environmental quality standard, Department of Environment, Bangladesh, 1989) guideline values for drinking water and public health, it may be concluded that the groundwater of the study area is suitable for all drinking and domestic purposes, where only three samples exceed the maximum allowable limit of potassium. Based on total hardness, SAR, RSC, PI, SSP and MH values, it can be summarized that the groundwater of the investigated area is suitable for irrigation purpose. On the basis of Australian and UNESCO standard, the groundwater of the study area is also suitable for livestock purposes. The Rangpur area is hydrogeologically active by the processes like ion exchange and dissolution. Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3− are produced by the dissolution of limestone and dolomite.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical characteristics of ground water samples from different areas of Thrissur District, Kerala State, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-192
Author(s):  
Mity Thambi ◽  
Tom Cherian ◽  
Anju Therese Jose ◽  
Sunaina Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

The analysis of groundwater quality of important town areas of Thrissur district was carried out during the pre-monsoon period of 2014. The Physicochemical and biological parameters such as temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, pH, alkalinity, chloride, salinity, total harness, calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphate, sulphate, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total coliform count and E. coli were determined. Most of the physicochemical parameters were observed above the desirable limit but below the permissible limit of drinking water standards of World Health Organization (WHO). Total coliform bacteria count values of different samples are within the permissible limit. The studies reveal that samples from Thrissur town (T), Guruvayoor (G) and Laloor (L) shows the presence of E.coli bacteria. All other samples were negative for E.coli bacteria. Dumping of wastes near road sides, flood due to heavy rains, improper waste management in hospitals, markets, flats etc increases the pollution of ground water. The results were compared with WHO guidelines, 2006 and Bureau of Indian Standards (IS: 10500, 1991) desirable limits for drinking water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12636 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 182-192

scholarly journals Examination of Surface Water Along River-Rima Floodplain in Wamakko, Sokoto State, Nigeria.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulqadir Abubakar Usman ◽  
Murtala Abubakar Gada ◽  
Aminu Muhammad Bayawa ◽  
Ibrahim Mustapha Dankani ◽  
Saadu Umar Wali
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Health Organization

This study examined the hydrochemistry of surface water along the River-Rima floodplain area. Five sampling locations were purposively selected, and, in each point, three samples were taken from surface water (river). The sampling was repeated after 20 days. Thus, a total of 30 samples were collected. Water samples obtained were subjected to laboratory tests. Results revealed that BOD, TDS, Mg2+, and Fe3+ are above the World Health Organization (WHO) and Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) reference guidelines for drinking water quality. Isolates detected from the coliform bacteriological analysis include Enterobacter aerogene, Escherichia coli, and Citrobacter freundii with most of the samples showing coliform bacteria growth above the SON standard for drinking water. Hence, the water in the River-Rima floodplain of the Wamakko area is of low quality and unsafe for drinking. Results of principal component analysis (PCA) revealed external influences such as pollutant wash off and rock weathering as controls on hydrochemistry of surface water. There is some indication of anthropogenic inputs (Cl-, NO3-, and PO42-) based on hierarchical cluster analysis. Elements including Cl-, NO3-, and PO42- are increasingly added into surface water from human activities, mainly agriculture, and municipal sewage.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Fluoride in Drinking Water in Dhamar City, Yemen

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Hefdhallah Al Aizari ◽  
Rachida Fegrouche ◽  
Ali Al Aizari ◽  
Saeed S. Albaseer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
World Health ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Central Plateau ◽  
The World ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Health Organization

The fact that groundwater is the only source of drinking water in Yemen mandates strict monitoring of its quality. The aim of this study was to measure the levels of fluoride in the groundwater resources of Dhamar city. Dhamar city is the capital of Dhamar governorate located in the central plateau of Yemen. For this purpose, fluoride content in the groundwater from 16 wells located around Dhamar city was measured. The results showed that 75% of the investigated wells contain fluoride at or below the permissible level set by the World Health Organization (0.5 – 1.5 mg/L), whereas 25% of the wells have relatively higher fluoride concentrations (1.59 – 184 mg/L). The high levels of fluoride have been attributed to the anthropogenic activities in the residential areas near the contaminated wells. Interestingly, some wells contain very low fluoride concentrations (0.30 – 0.50 mg/L).  Data were statistically treated using the principal component analysis (PCA) method to investigate any possible correlations between various factors. PCA shows a high correlation between well depth and its content of fluoride. On the other hand, health problems dominating in the study area necessitate further studies to investigate any correlation with imbalanced fluoride intake.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Microbiological Water Quality Assessment of Aba Waterside River, Aba, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
L. O. Bobor ◽  
C. M. Umeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
The Impact

The indiscriminate disposal of industrial effluents and solid wastes in surface water bodies is detrimental to humans and aquatic organisms. Water quality monitoring is critical to identify pollutants of concern and develop effective management strategies. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the impact of waste disposal on the water quality of Aba Waterside River, Ogbor hill, Aba. Grab samples were collected upstream, midstream and downstream and some physicochemical and microbiological parameters were analyzed in accordance with standard methods for the analysis of water and wastewater. The results were compared with the Nigerian standard for drinking water quality and the national environmental effluent limitation regulations. Turbidity levels (10 -31mg/l) exceeded the maximum permissible levels for drinking water (5mg/l) and may be associated with higher levels of embedded disease-causing microbes and potentially harmful organic and inorganic substances. The biological oxygen demand midstream (1960mg/l) was remarkably high due to the effluent discharged from the abattoirs at that point. Fecal coliforms (3-198MPN/100ml) were detected in all samples, indicating the presence of other potentially harmful microorganisms. The findings of this study indicate that the water is unsuitable for direct drinking water purposes and stringent water quality control measures should be implemented.

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