scholarly journals Effects of Sodium Chloride and Sodium Sulfate on Haloxylon ammodendron Seed Germination

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4927
Author(s):  
Zhazira Zhumabekova ◽  
Xinwen Xu ◽  
Yongdong Wang ◽  
Chunwu Song ◽  
Alzhan Kurmangozhinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Gobi Desert ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Haloxylon Ammodendron ◽  
High Recovery ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Haloxylon ammodendron is a perennial xerophyte that can survive in extremely harsh desert conditions of Central Asia. This study evaluated the effect of salinity, and their ability to recover on seed germination of H. ammodendron, which were collected at three different desert areas, Bakanas takyr plain (H1), Gurbantüngüt Desert (H2), and Gobi Desert (H3), respectively. Seeds were treated with different concentrations of NaCl and Na2SO4 (0.00 (control), 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, 1.00, 1.20, and 1.40 mol/L) to detemine the germination and recover ability to salt stress. The results of the study were that H. ammodendron were more resistant to Na2SO4 than to NaCl. Regarding inhibition of seed germination H. ammodendron was in the following order: H3 > H2 > H1. Based on the tolerance and recovery, seeds can be demonstrated as follows: NaCl: H3 > H1 > H2; Na2SO4: H1 = H2 = H3. Non-germinated seeds in all salt treatments with low osmotic potential showed high recovery when transferred to distilled water, indicating that these treatments were not too toxic to affect seed viability. These results suggest that H. ammodendron can withstand high levels of salinity at three desert environments. Thus, H. ammodendron could be used to reconstruct vegetation and sustanbility development in the desert areas with high salinity.

scholarly journals STANDARDIZATION OF GERMINATION TEST AND RESPONSE TO NACL SALT STRESS IN Toona cliliata SEEDS

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Ramon De Medeiros ◽  
Manoela Andrade Monteiro ◽  
Patrícia Migliorini ◽  
Marilia Lazarotto ◽  
Lilian De Tunes
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Toona Ciliata ◽  
Germinated Seeds

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the germination of Australian cedar seeds (Toona ciliata M. Roem) in three different substrates and two photoperiods and evaluate the effect of salt stress with sodium chloride (NaCl) on the viability and vigor of seeds, conducting two experiments. The first experiment was conducted in a constant temperature room at 25 C and two light regimes 12h 24h white light; and three substrates: sand, between paper and on paper. Evaluations were performed on the seventhand twenty-first day after sowing. Results were expressed as percentage of Normal Seedlings, Abnormal Seedlings and Dead Seeds, Number of True Leaves, Fresh, Dry Matter, Seedling Length and Root. The second experiment used constant 25 C and photoperiod of 12 hours light. With treatments T1 (0mM: distilled water); 25mMNaCl T2; T3 50mMNaCl; T4 and T5 100mMNaCl 75mMNaCl. We evaluated PCG, G, IVG, CP, CR. The photoperiod of 24h light, does not influence the final seed germination and the use of paper on substrate provided the highest percentage of germinated seeds. As to the effect of salt stress, the concentration of 50mMsalt, caused damage to the development of seedlings.ResumoPadronização do teste de germinação e resposta ao estresse salino por NaCl em sementes de Toona ciliata. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a germinação de sementes de cedro australiano (Toona ciliata M. Roem) em três substratos com dois fotoperíodos e avaliar o efeito do estresse salino com cloreto de sódio (NaCl) na viabilidade e vigor de sementes. O experimento I foi conduzido em ambiente com temperatura constante a 25 ºC e dois regimes de luminosidade, 12h de 24h de luz branca; três substratos: areia, entre papel e sobre papel. As avaliações foram realizadas no sétimo e vigésimo primeiro dia após a semeadura. Os resultados expressos em porcentagem de Plântulas Normais, Plântulas Anormais e Sementes Mortas, número de Folhas Verdadeiras, Massa Fresca, Massa Seca, Comprimento de Plântula e Raiz. O experimento II utilizou temperatura constante a 25 ºC e fotoperíodo de 12 horas luz. Com os tratamentos T1 (0 mM: água destilada); T2 25 mMNaCl; T3 50 mMNaCl; T4 75 mMNaCl e T5 100 mMNaCl. Avaliando-se PCG, G, IVG, CP e CR. O fotoperíodo de 24h de luz, não influencia na germinação e o uso do substrato sobre papel proporcionou a maior germinação. Quanto ao efeito do estresse salino, a concentração de 20 mM de sal, prejudicou o desenvolvimento das plântulas.Palavras-chave: Sementes florestais; análise de sementes, vigor, salinidade.

scholarly journals Seed germination, salt-stress tolerance, and the effect of nitrate on three Tyrrhenian coastal species of the Silene mollissima aggregate (Caryophyllaceae)

Botany ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (12) ◽  
pp. 881-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Murru ◽  
Andrea Santo ◽  
Carol Piazza ◽  
Laetitia Hugot ◽  
Gianluigi Bacchetta
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
Western Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Optimum Period ◽  
Alternating Temperature

The Silene mollissima (L.) Pers. aggregate is part of section Siphonomorpha Otth. and currently comprises 11 narrow endemic species of the Western Mediterranean Basin. Three of these taxa (S. velutina Pourr. ex Loisel, S. ichnusae Brullo, De Marco & De Marco f., and S. badaroi Breistr.) have a distribution range centred in the northern Tyrrhenian area and occurring in coastal habitats. Inter- and intra-specific variability in the responses to light, constant (5–25 °C) and alternating temperatures (25/10 °C), salt (NaCl, 0–600 mmol/L), and levels of nitrate (KNO3, 20 mmol/L) under salt stress, as well as recovery of seed germination were evaluated for these species to more effectively support their in-situ and ex-situ conservation. Our results highlighted that the seeds of these three taxa were nondormant, and that light significantly improved their rate of germination, which was higher (>80%) at low temperatures (5–15 °C) and under the alternating temperature regime (25/10 °C), but decreased significantly at the highest temperature tested (25 °C). Seeds from Silene velutina and S. ichnusae germinated in up to 300 mmol/L NaCl, and S. badaroi germinated in up to 100 mmol/L. For all of the species except S. badaroi, salt did not affect seed viability, and recovery germination did not decrease with increasing salinity and temperature. Interpopulation variability, both in salt tolerance and recovery germination, was detected for S. velutina. The addition of KNO3 did not affect germination or recovery germination under salt conditions. The lack of effect from KNO3 suggests that nutrient availability is not a requirement for seed germination in these species. Our results show that all species experience an optimum period of germination during autumn–winter, which is when water availability is highest and soil salinity levels are minimal because of the Mediterranean rainfalls, but seeds from S. velutina and S. ichnusae will germinate up until spring.

scholarly journals Absorption Curve and Germination of Jucá Seeds under Different Salts

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Danielle Marie Macedo Sousa ◽  
Celsemy Eleutério Maia ◽  
Elis Regina Costa de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Water Control

<p>The plants are subjected to conditions of multiple stresses that limit their growth and development, which affects their chances of survival wherever they grow. To evaluate the plant tolerance to these conditions, one of the most used methods is the observation of seed germination under salt stress. The action of salts on the seeds varies widely among species and can exert toxic effects, causing damage before and/or after the onset of germination. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different salts in water absorption and germination in jucá seeds (<em>Libidibia ferrea</em>). For absorption and germination curve, were used non-scarified and scarified seeds, and subjected to the treatments in distilled water (control) and NaCl solutions, KCl, CaCl<sub>2</sub> and K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>, in an electric conductivity of 5 dS m<sup>-1</sup>. The saline solution composed by K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> influence on water absorption of <em>L. ferrea</em> in intact seeds. The scarified and non-scarified seeds of <em>L. ferrea</em> have different times for the physiological phases of water absorption. The action of salts in the germination and vigor in non-scarified and scarified seeds, does not significantly reduce these values due to electrical conductivity of 5 dS m<sup>-1</sup> not be enough to affect the seed germination of <em>L. ferrea</em>.</p>

scholarly journals Natrum mur 200c promotes seed germination and increases total protein, chlorophyll, rubisco and sugar in early seedlings of cowpea under salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (40) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
Sandhimita Mondal ◽  
Nirman Chandra Sukul ◽  
Soma Sukul (nee Chunari)
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Stressed Group

Background: High level of salinity deteriorates seed germination, growth and yield of crops in cultivated lands all over the world. There is no effective remedy to mitigate this global problem. Homeopathy offers a remedy like Natrum mur which at ultra high dilution ameliorates diseases of patients having strong desire for salt consumption. The purpose of the present study is to see whether potentized Natrum mur could alleviate salt stress in germinating seeds of cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp. Methods: Water-soaked seeds were kept over moist filter paper in covered petridishes which were divided into 5 groups: (1) unstressed and untreated control in sterile distilled water, (2) in 100mM sodium chloride solution, (3) seeds pretreated with Natrum mur 200c and then kept in sterile distilled water, (4) seeds pretreated with Natrum mur 200c and then transferred to 100mM NaCl solution and (5) seeds pretreated with 90% ethanol. Both Natrum mur 200 c and its diluent medium 90% ethanol were diluted with distilled water 1:100 before use for treatment. Results: Natrum mur 200c increased the rate of seed germination, seed water content and growth of seedlings. The drug also enhanced chlorophyll, soluble and insoluble sugar, rubisco and total protein content as compared to the untreated salt stressed group. Treatment with Natrum mur 200c increased salt tolerance in the seedlings as compared to the untreated salt stressed group. All the data were analyzed by ANOVA and the significance level was not less than 1%. Conclusion: Natrum mur 200c reversed the effects of salt stress in germinated seeds thereby providing evidence for Hahnemann’s similia principle in plants. Potentized Natrum mur could be safely used with profit on plants grown on brackish soil.

Seed-borne fungi of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] and their possible control in vitro using locally available fungicides in Botswana.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5016 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Khare* ◽  
Loeto D. ◽  
Wale K. ◽  
Salani M.
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Petri Plate

Seeds of three cowpea cultivars namely Black eye, ER 7 and Tswana obtained from the Department of Agriculture Research, Gaborone were tested for the presence of seed-borne fungi, and their possible control in vitro using locally available fungicides. Four hundred fifty seeds of each cultivar of cowpea were disinfected with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 min and washed three times with sterile distilled water before placing them in PDA plates (5 seeds/9 cm Petri plate), incubated at 22±2o C for 12 hour each under continuous light and dark. A total of eight fungi were detected from seeds of cowpea. These were Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cylindrocarpon sp., Fusarium equisiti, F. oxyaporum, Penicillium chyrosogenum, Rhizopus oligosporus and R. stolonifer. Rhizopus spp. were dominant fungi recovered from seeds, followed by Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Cylindrocarpon. The fungi detected resulted in decay and rotting of seeds, and thereby reducing percentage germination of seeds (22%, 37% and 63 % seed germination in Black eye, ER7 and Tswana varieties of cowpea respectively). Out of four fungicides tested, benlate, captan, dithane M 45 and chlorothalanil. Dithane M45 effectively controlled seed-borne fungi, and enhanced seed germination to an average of 86% (93% germination with no fungi detected in Tswana variety) as compared to chlorothalonile (79%), benlate and captan (77%) and un-treated seeds (45%). The fungal incidence was reduced to 2.3%, 4.3%, 5.3% and 5.3% when seeds were treated with dithane M-45, chlorothalonil, benlate and captan respectively as compared to 62% in non-treated seeds.

scholarly journals Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealing the potential mechanism of seed germination in Polygonatum cyrtonema

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Liu ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Jiayi Xing ◽  
Mei Du ◽  
Mingxiu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Flavonoid Synthesis ◽  
Germinated Seeds

AbstractPolygonatum cyrtonema Hua (Huangjing, HJ) has medicinal and edible value in China. However, the seeds of this plant are naturally difficult to germinate. Therefore, to elucidate the mechanism underlying the germination of this plant in order to meet the market demand, the metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed in this study. We observed that plant hormones and α-amylase activity were differentially regulated when comparing germinated and un-germinated seeds. In addition, the metabolites related to phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis were significantly up-accumulated in germinated seeds. Hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives and organic acids were observed to be significantly decreased during germination. The results of this study suggested that compared to un-germinated seeds, germinated seeds promote flavonoid synthesis and inhibit lignin synthesis which could be beneficial to the germination of HJ seeds. Furthermore, these results suggested that starch if hydrolyzed into glucose, which could provide the necessary energy for germination. Our results may help to establish a foundation for further research investigating the regulatory networks of seed germination and may facilitate the propagation of HJ seeds.

Influence of Heat on Seed Germination of Cistus Laurifolius and Cistus Ladanifer

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Valbuena ◽  
R Tarrega ◽  
E Luis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Cistus Ladanifer ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The influence of high temperatures on germination of Cistus laurifolius and Cistus ladanifer seeds was analyzed. Seeds were subjected to different temperatures for different times, afterwards they were sowed in plastic petri dishes and monitored for germinated seeds over two months.The germination rate observed in Cistus ldanifer was greater than in Cistus laurifolius. In both species, heat increased germination percentages. For Cistus laurifolius higher temperatures or longer exposure times were needed. Germination percentages of Cistus ladanifer were lower when heat exposure time was 15 minutes.It must be emphasized that germination occurred when seeds were not treated, while seeds exposed to 150�C for 5 minutes or more did not germinate.

scholarly journals Seed longevity of maize conserved under germplasm bank conditions for up to 60 years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Guzzon ◽  
Maraeva Gianella ◽  
Jose Alejandro Velazquez Juarez ◽  
Cesar Sanchez Cano ◽  
Denise E Costich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Longevity ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Germination Experiments

Abstract Background and Aims The long-term conservation of seeds of plant genetic resources is of key importance for food security and preservation of agrobiodiversity. Nevertheless, there is scarce information available about seed longevity of many crops under germplasm bank conditions. Methods Through germination experiments as well as the analysis of historical monitoring data, we studied the decline in viability manifested by 1000 maize (Zea mays subsp. mays) seed accessions conserved for an average of 48 years at the CIMMYT germplasm bank, the largest maize seedbank in the world, under two cold storage conditions: an active (–3 °C; intended for seed distribution) and a base conservation chamber (–15 °C; for long-term conservation). Key Results Seed lots stored in the active chamber had a significantly lower and more variable seed germination, averaging 81.4 %, as compared with the seed lots conserved in the base chamber, averaging 92.1 %. The average seed viability detected in this study was higher in comparison with that found in other seed longevity studies on maize conserved under similar conditions. A significant difference was detected in seed germination and longevity estimates (e.g. p85 and p50) among accessions. Correlating seed longevity with seed traits and passport data, grain type showed the strongest correlation, with flint varieties being longer lived than floury and dent types. Conclusions The more rapid loss of seed viability detected in the active chamber suggests that the seed conservation approach, based on the storage of the same seed accessions in two chambers with different temperatures, might be counterproductive for overall long-term conservation and that base conditions should be applied in both. The significant differences detected in seed longevity among accessions underscores that different viability monitoring and regeneration intervals should be applied to groups of accessions showing different longevity profiles.

scholarly journals MES7 Modulates Seed Germination via Regulating Salicylic Acid Content in Arabidopsis

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 903
Author(s):  
Wenrui Gao ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
Yaqiu Chen ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Seed germination is an important phase transitional period of angiosperm plants during which seeds are highly sensitive to different environmental conditions. Although seed germination is under the regulation of salicylic acid (SA) and other hormones, the molecular mechanism underlying these regulations remains mysterious. In this study, we determined the expression of SA methyl esterase (MES) family genes during seed germination. We found that MES7 expression decreases significantly in imbibed seeds, and the dysfunction of MES7 decreases SA content. Furthermore, MES7 reduces and promotes seed germination under normal and salt stress conditions, respectively. The application of SA restores the seed germination deficiencies of mes7 mutants under different conditions. Taking together, our observations uncover a MeSA hydrolytic enzyme, MES7, regulates seed germination via altering SA titer under normal and abiotic stress conditions.

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