scholarly journals PENGARUH SENAM ZUMBA TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA DARAH PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashael A. Rembang ◽  
J. J. V. Rampengan ◽  
Siantan Supit
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
High Level

Abstract: Lipid is classified into several types, which include High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and triglycerides. Triglyceride is a compound consists of three fatty acid molecules esterified into glycerol. Triglycerides are neutral fats synthesized from carbohydrate that are stored in lipid cells. Normal triglyceride levels of human is < 150 mg/dL. High levels of triglyceride have negative impacts on health as it can lead to diseases such as atherosclerosis. High level of triglyceride can be prevented and lowered by exercises such as Zumba exercise. The aim of this study is to know the effect of Zumba exercise on the level of blood triglyceride. This was an experimental study with one group pre-post test design, with criteria that include ages within 16-20 years old, normal Body Mass Index, not a Zumba gymnast, and in healthy condition during research. Samples were 19 female medical faculty students of Sam Ratulangi University class of 2014. They were subjected to do Zumba exercise every day for a week. Triglyceride levels are measured before the first Zumba exercise session and after the final session of Zumba exercise. The data were analyzed using paired-t test with SPSS programme. The results showed that there was a significant change between the mean level of triglyceride before first Zumba exercise 68,11 mg/dL and after Zumba final exercise 48 mg/dL. Conclusion: There was a decrease in triglyceride blood levels of the research subjects after doing Zumba exercises everyday for a week.Keywords: triglyceride, zumba exerciseAbstrak: Lemak terbagi menjadi beberapa jenis, yaitu lemak HDL, lemak LDL, lemak VLDL, serta kadar trigliserida. Trigliserida adalah senyawa yang terdiri dari tiga molekul asam lemak teresterifikasi menjadi gliserol. Trigliserida merupakan lemak netral yang disintesis dari karbohidrat untuk disimpan dalam sel lemak. Kadar trigliserida normal dalam tubuh manusia yaitu <150 mg/dL. Namun kadar trigliserida yang berlebihan juga tidak baik untuk kesehatan. Tingginya kadar trigliserida dalam darah dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penyakit, misalnya aterosklerosis. Kadar trigliserida yang tinggi dapat dicegah dan diturunkan dengan melakukan olahraga seperti senam Zumba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam Zumba tehadap kadar trigliserida darah. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan pre-post one group test dengan sampel penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria-kriteria, yaitu usia 16-20 tahun, IMT normal, bukan merupakan seorang atlit atau pesenam Zumba, dan sehat saat dilakukan penelitian. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi angkatan 2014 berjumlah 19 orang. Subjek penelitian melakukan latihan setiap hari dalam seminggu. Kadar trigliserida diukur sebelum latihan Zumba pertama dan sesudah latihan Zumba terakhir. Hasil data dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan menggunakan program SPSS. Berdasarkan penelitian diperoleh hasil yang menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan dengan rerata kadar triglierida sebelum senam Zumba 68,11 mg/dL dan rerata sesudah senam Zumba 48,00 mg/dL.Simpulan: Terjadi penurunan kadar tigliserida darah dari subjek penelitian setelah melakukan senam Zumba setiap hari selama seminggu.Kata kunci: trigliserida, senam zumba

scholarly journals Pengaruh Madu Ceiba Pentandra Terhadap Kadar LDL Tikus Rattus Norvegicus Yang Diberi Diet Tinggi Lemak

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 479-489
Author(s):  
Hetti Rusmini ◽  
Devita Febriani Putri ◽  
Hidayat Hidayat ◽  
Dhani Risandy
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
T Test ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Ceiba Pentandra ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Paired T Test

Latar Belakang: Hiperkolesterolemia adalah suatu kondisi tubuh yang mengalami peningkatan kadar kolesterol di atas ambang normal (<200 mg/dL). Hiperkolesterolemia dapat terjadi karena gaya hidup (life style) yang tidak sehat, mulai dari pola makan yang tidak seimbang sampai kurangnya aktivitas olah raga. Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor risiko utama terjadinya arterosklerosis dengan salah satunya adanya kenaikan Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental murni menggunakan rancangan penelitian pre and post test with group design. Populasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 25 ekor tikus Galur Wistar jantan yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling. Data dianalisa dengan uji Paired T-Test dan Anova. Hasil Penelitian: Pada penelitian ini, dari 5 kelompok sampel didapatkan hasil dengan analisa Paired T-Test, didapatkan peningkatan yang bermakna (p<0,05) kadar LDL setelah pemberian diet tinggi lemak pada kelompok negatif (p=0,025), kelompok perlakuan 2 (p= 0,001), dan kelompok perlakuan 3 (p=0,001). Pada perlakuan setelah pemberian madu randu, terdapat penurunan yang bermakna (p<0,05) kadar LDL pada 2 kelompok yaitu pada kelompok perlakuan 2 (p=0,026), dan kelompok perlakuan 3 (p=0,092). Dengan analisa Anova, didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna pada perlakuan setelah pemberian diet tinggi lemak dan setelah pemberian madu randu dengan nilai p yang sama yaitu p=0,001 (P<0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang berpengaruh pada pemberian madu randu terhadap kadar LDL pada tikus galur wistar yag diberi diet tinggi lemak.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SENAM POCO-POCO TERHADAP KADAR KOLESTEROL LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN DARAH

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep D. Saputra ◽  
Shane H. R. Ticoalu ◽  
Djon Wongkar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
High Level

Abstract: High level of plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations is one of the cause of atherosclerosis that may result in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Exercise can improve plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations. A type of exercise, poco-poco, is categorized to the aerobic gymnastics. This study aimed to know the influence of poco-poco to plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations. This was an experimental study with one group prestest-posttest design. Samples were 25 female students of 2013 batch Pharmacy study program of Sam Ratulangi University Manado that were chosen with purposive sampling. Samples did poco-poco gymnasticss three times a week for four consecutive weeks. The results showed that after four weeks of poco-poco there was an increase of the average of plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations for 1.120 mg/dl, but this increase was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant influence of doing poco-poco for four weeks to plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations.Keywords: poco-poco gymnastics, low density lipoproteinAbstrak: Tingginya kadar kolesterol-LDL darah merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya aterosklerosis yang berujung pada munculnya penyakit kardiovaskular (PKV), seperti penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) dan stroke. Olahraga merupakan salah satu cara yang bisa digunakan untuk memperbaiki kadar kolesterol-LDL darah. Senam poco-poco termasuk dalam olah raga dengan kategori senam aerobik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam poco-poco terhadap kadar kolesterol-LDL darah. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan desain one group prestest-posttest. Sampel penelitian ialah mahasiswa Fakultas MIPA Program Studi Farmasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado Angkatan 2013 sebanyak 25 orang yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Sampel melakukan senam poco-poco sebanyak tiga kali dalam seminggu selama empat minggu. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa setelah melakukan senam poco-poco selama empat minggu terjadi peningkatan rata-rata kadar kolesterol-LDL darah sebanyak 1,120 mg/dl, namun perubahan ini tidak bermakna secara statistik (p > 0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perubahan yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap kadar kolesterol-LDL darah setelah melakukan senam poco-poco selama empat mingguKata kunci: senam poco-poco, low density lipoprotein

scholarly journals Penurunan Kadar Lemak Darah pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner dengan Pemberian Latihan Beban Intensitas Rendah dan Aktifitas Fisik

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Andy Widhiya Bayu Utomo ◽  
HS Muhammad Nurfatony ◽  
Muhammad Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Post Test

Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan salah satu penyakit kardiovaskular yang paling umum terjadi dan menjadi penyebab kematian tertinggi secara global. Penyakit PJK disebabkan gangguan pada fungsi jantung. Penyumbatan pembuluh darah pada awalnya disebebkan peningkatan kadar kolesterol low-density lipoprotein (LDL) darah berlebih dan menumpuk pada dinding arteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui penurunan kadar lemak darah antara kelompok aktifitas fisik dengan kelompok latihan beban. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium pre dan post test. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah pasien PJK sebanyak 14 orang laki-laki (n=14) dengan rentang usia 55-60 tahun yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok beranggotakan 7 orang di masing-masing kelompok. Adapun kriteria inklusi adalah (1) pasien PJK berjenis kelamin laki-laki (2) rentang usia 55-60 tahun (3) memiliki indeks massa tubuh normal. Kelompok pertama diberikan latihan beban sejumlah 7 orang, kelompok dua yang berjumlah 7 orang melakukan aktifitas fisik menggambar, menulis, relaksasi, bersosialisasi kelompok, mendengar musik, dan berwisata. Latihan beban dan aktifitas fisik dilakukan selama 60 menit setiap harinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan yang cukup signifikan terhadap kadar lemak darah pada pasien PJK dengan latihan beban maupun melakukan aktifitas fisik yang telah ditentukan dengan nilai signifikansi p < 0,05. Penurunan kadar lemak darah pada kedua perlakuan tersebut dapat dijadikan intervensi pada pasien PJK untuk lebih meningkatkan aktifitas olahraga, dengan melakukan latihan beban dan aktifitas fisik yang ditentukan.

scholarly journals JUS PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L) DAPAT MENURUNKAN KADAR LDL DAN KOLESTEROL TOTAL PADA USIA 40-70 TAHUN

2018 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Junendri Ardian ◽  
Ari Natalia Probandari ◽  
K Kusnandar
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Research Show

  ABSTRAK Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan suatu kondisi dimana kolesterol dalam darah meningkat melebihi ambang normal yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar kolesterol total terutama Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dan diikuti dengan penurunan kadar High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) darah, Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh pemberian asupan jus pepaya terhadap kadar LDL dan kolesterol total pada ibu rumah tangga usia 40-70 tahun yang menderita hiperkolesterolemia. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian true eksperimental dengan desain penelitian pre and post test with control group. Total subjek sebanyak 20 orang yang dibagi kedalam dua kelompok, yaitu Intervensi Jus pepaya dan kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar kolesterol total pada kelompok jus pepaya mengalami penurunan yang bermakna (p<0,05). Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Kadar LDL pada kelompok jus pepaya mengalami penurunan yang bermakna (p<0,05). Sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Kesimpulan jus pepaya (carica papaya l) dapat menurunkan kadar LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) dan kolesterol total.   Kata kunci: jus pepaya, kolesterol total, LDL.       ABSTRACT Hypercholesterolemia is a conditions where cholesterol in the bloods increased beyond the normal standard, its showed with cholesterol total level’s was increased especially Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and followed by the decreasing of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) in blood, The purpose of this research is analyzing the influence’s of papaya juice intake for LDL’s levels and cholestrol’s total at the age of 40 – 70 years old for housewives with hypercholesterolemia. The method this research is true experimental researchs with pre and post test control group designs. The subject in this research are 20 people and separated into two groups, the first group is papaya juice’s intervention group, and the second is control group. The result of this research show that papaya juice’s has significant result for decreasing cholesterol’s total with p value’s < 0,05 , while the control group has no significant result because its p value’s >0,05. The result for LDL’s levels show that papaya juice’s has significant result too for decreasing LDL’s levels with p value’s < 0,05, while the control group has no significant result because its p value’s >0,05. The conclusion in this research is papaya juice (carica papaya l) can decreased ldl’s levels and cholesterol’s total.   Keywords: cholesterol’s total, LDL, papaya juice.  

Lipids and atherosclerosis

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick C Choy ◽  
Yaw L Siow ◽  
David Mymin ◽  
Karmin O
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
High Serum ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Liver Uptake ◽  
Receptor System ◽  
High Level

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in North America and within the next two decades will be the leading cause worldwide. Atherosclerosis is characterized by vascular obstruction from the deposits of plaque, resulting in reduced blood flow. Plaque rupture and the consequent thrombosis may lead to sudden blockage of the arteries and cause heart attack. High serum lipid levels, especially the elevated level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), have been shown to be strongly related to the development of atherosclerosis. It is generally accepted that atherosclerotic lesions are initiated via an enhancement of LDL uptake by monocytes and macrophages. In the liver, uptake of plasma LDL is mediated via specific LDL receptors, but a scavenger receptor system is employed by macrophages. Plasma LDL must be modified prior to uptake by macrophages. Analysis of the lipid content in the oxidatively modified LDL from hyper lipidemic patients revealed that the level of lysophosphatidylcholine was greatly elevated, and the high level of the lysolipid was shown to impair the endothelium-dependent relaxation of the blood vessels. In a separate study, we showed that a high level of homocysteine caused the increase in cholesterol production and apolipoprotein B-100 secretion in hepatic cells. Statins have been used effectively to control the production of cholesterol in the liver, and recently, ezetimibe has been shown to supplement the efficacy of statins by inhibiting cholesterol absorption. The factor of elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in association with depressed high-density lipoproteins, usually in the context of insulin resistance, is an important contributor to atherosclerosis and can be effectively treated with fibric acid derivatives. In hyperhomocysteinemia, folic acid supplements may have a role in the control of cholesterol by reducing the plasma homocysteine level.Key words: atherosclerosis, low density lipoprotein (LDL), homocysteine, statin, folate.

scholarly journals Chemical and Biological Studies on the Goldenberry (Physalis peruviana L.) on Hyperglycemic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Eman, A. Yousef ◽  
Esmail G. Boriy ◽  
Lamiaa, M. Lotfy
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
High Level

The aim this investigate was to see if the medicine goldenberry fruits (Physalis peruviana L.) could help lower blood sugar, cholesterol, and triglycerides. The results of the chemical composition of goldenberry fruits were found to be a high source of antioxidants and which contain a high level of hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic such as phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and ꞵ-carotenoid. The results showed that dried goldenberry fruits powder could be added to replace up to 5 and 10 % of hyperglycemic -diet respectively. Experimental hyperglycemic rats were fed for six weeks on diet contain dried goldenberry at extent 5% or 10% except normal control (G1) was fed on basal diet. Hyperglycemic rats fed on diets substituted in a part with 5% and10 % dried goldenberry the results showed that supplementing the hyperglycemic-producing diets with the additive goldenberry had significant decrease in serum glucose, lipid profile (cholesterols, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein LDL and very low density lipoprotein vLDL-cholesterol). Meanwhile, high density lipoprotein HDL cholesterol increased with all treatments, significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase ALT, aspartate aminotransferase AST, alkaline phosphatase ALP, and total bilirubin values, in respect to positive control were also observed.

scholarly journals The The Effects of Zumba Exercise on LDL Levels and Oxidative Stress of Young Adult Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Alda Aulia Rahma Ananto Putri ◽  
Yuswo Supatmo ◽  
Erna Setiawati ◽  
Endang Ambarwati
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Gaya hidup sedenter menyebabkan penurunan aktivitas fisik yang merupakan faktor terjadinya penyakit tidak menular salah satunya dislipidemia. Zumba sebagai bentuk latihan aerobik yang banyak diminati oleh dewasa muda dapat menurunkan kadar LDL dan tingkat stres oksidatif yang diukur dengan biomarker malondialdehid (MDA). Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh latihan Zumba terhadap kadar LDL dan MDA pada wanita usia dewasa muda. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan two groups pre and post test design. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 36 orang wanita, dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan (n=18) dan kelompok kontrol (n=18). Kelompok perlakuan melakukan latihan Zumba selama 60 menit dengan frekuensi 2 kali seminggu selama 8 minggu secara virtual. Pengukuran kadar LDL dan MDA menggunakan sampel darah subjek penelitian. Analisis data dengan uji t-berpasangan, uji Wilcoxon dan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Tidak terdapat penurunan kadar LDL namun terjadi penurunan kadar MDA yang signifikan pada kelompok perlakuan setelah latihan Zumba selama 8 minggu. Pada kelompok perlakuan kadar LDL meningkat dari 94,18±25,60 mg/dL menjadi 105,82±27,64 mg/dL (p<0,05) dan kadar MDA menurun dari 1,71±0,28 µmol/L menjadi 0,37±0,64 µmol/L (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar LDL yang bermakna, sebaliknya terdapat perbedaan kadar MDA yang bermakna antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Simpulan: Latihan Zumba dengan frekuensi 2 kali seminggu selama 8 minggu secara virtual tidak dapat menurunkan kadar LDL namun dapat menurunkan kadar MDA secara signifikan. Kata kunci: latihan Zumba, low density lipoprotein, malondialdehid

scholarly journals gp91phox, a Novel Biomarker Evaluating Oxidative Stress, Is Elevated in Subclinical Hypothyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Ma ◽  
Furong Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Zhen ◽  
Lifang Zhao ◽  
Li Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
High Level

Background. gp91phox, the catalytic core of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and biomarker of NOX activation, has been recently recognized as a parameter of systemic oxidative stress in several studies. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is characteristic of elevated level of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and is frequently accompanied with cholesterolemia. In this study, the levels of serum soluble gp91phox were measured to assess the oxidative stress in patients with SH. And the relationship among gp91phox, low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and TSH was also investigated. Methods. A total of 51 subjects were enrolled and categorized into four groups: the healthy controls subjects (n = 13), controls with high level of LDL-C alone (n = 12), SH with normal level of LDL-C (n = 11), and SH with high level of LDL-C (n = 15). The related clinical and laboratory data were collected for statistical analysis. All the patients were newly diagnosed and did not take any medication. The information of lipid profile and thyroid function was extracted, and the concentrations of gp91phox were obtained with ELISA. Results. The levels of serum soluble gp91phox evidently increased in the patients with SH with a high level of LDL-C (81.52 ± 37.00 ug/mL) as compared to the healthy controls (54.98 ± 1.83ug/mL, p<0.001), controls with high level of LDL-C (61.21 ± 4.48 ug/mL, p=0.038) and SH with a normal level of LDL-C (62.82 ± 11.67ug/mL, p=0.027). Additionally, the levels of gp91phox showed a significant positive correlation with both the levels of LDL-C (r = 0.595, p<0.001) and TSH (r = 0.346, p=0.013) by the Spearman correlation analyses. The correlation remained significant even when the effect of another factor was controlled (TSH: when the effect of LDL-C was controlled, r = 0.453, p=0.001; LDL-C: when the effect of TSH was controlled, r = 0.291, p=0.040). The main effect analysis showed an independent main effect of either LDL-C (p = 0.041) or TSH (p=0.022) on gp91phox without interaction (p=0.299). Conclusions. Our work demonstrated that the levels of gp91phox, a novel biomarker for measuring the oxidative stress, were significantly elevated in the patients with SH. And LDL-C and TSH were both independent predictors of gp91phox. Abbreviations. BMI : Body mass index; TC : Total cholesterol; LDL-C : Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C : High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG : Triglyceride; FBG : Fasting blood glucose; FT3 : Free triiodothyronine; FT4 : Free thyroxine; TSH: Thyroid stimulating hormone; SBP : Systolic blood pressure; DBP : Diastolic blood pressure; SD : Standard deviation; LSD: Least significant difference.

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