scholarly journals Gambaran Evaluasi Terapi Antibiotik pada Pasien Bronkopneumonia di Instalasi Rawat Inap Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Juli 2017 – Juni 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erfand Polii ◽  
Christi D. Mambo ◽  
Jimmy Posangi
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right

Abstract: Bronchopneumonia is still one of the health problems worldwide due to its high mortality rate. The definitive treatment for this disease is antibiotics. However, the use of antibiotics in hospitals is 30-80% not for the right indication. This study was aimed to obtain the description of evaluation of antibiotic therapy in bronchopneumonia patients in the Pediatrics Inpatient Installation of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in the period of July 2017 - June 2018. This was a descriptive retrospective study with a cross-sectional design. Evaluation was done by using quantitative methods of DDD by WHO. The results of DDD/100-day evaluation using 41 samples were cefixime 141.63 DDD/100-day (48%), ampicillin 123.51 DDD /100-day (42%), cefotaxime 10.52 DDD/100-day (4%), gentamicin 8.88 DDD/ 100-day (3%), chloramphenicol 8.68 DDD/100-day (3%), and ceftriaxone 3.06 DDD/100-day (1%). Antibiotics included in 90% of the DU segment were cefixime and ampicillin. Conclusion: The most quantitative description evaluation of antibiotic therapy in bronchopneumonia patients was cefixime 141.63 DDD/100-day.Keywords: antibiotics, bronchopneumonia, DDD Abstrak: Bronkopneumonia menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia karena angka kematiannya yang tinggi. Pengobatan definitifnya yaitu dengan pemberian antibiotik. Di berbagai rumah sakit, ditemukan 30-80% penggunaan antibiotik tidak didasarkan pada indikasi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran evaluasi terapi antibiotik pada pasien bronkopneumonia di Instalasi Rawat Inap Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Juli 2017 - Juni 2018. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Evaluasi menggunakan metode kuantitatif DDD oleh WHO. Hasil evaluasi antibiotik DDD/100-hari dari 41 sampel yaitu cefiksim 141,63 DDD/100-hari (48%), ampicilin 123,51 DDD/100-hari (42%), cefotaksim 10,52 DDD/100-hari (4%), gentamisin 8,88 DDD/100-hari (3%), kloramfenikol 8,68 DDD/100-hari (3%), dan ceftriakson 3,06 DDD/100-hari (1%). Antibiotik yang masuk dalam segmen DU 90% yaitu cefiksim dan ampicilin. Simpulan: Secara kuantitas gambaran evaluasi terapi antibiotik terbanyak pada pasien bronkopneumonia yaitu cefiksim 141,63 DDD/100-hari.Kata kunci: antibiotik, bronkopneumonia, DDD

scholarly journals Hasil diagnostik Mycobacterium tuberculosis dengan pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen pada penderita batuk ≥2 minggu di Puskesmas Ranotana, Puskesmas Wenang, dan Puskesmas Sario Manado

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireine S. Waworuntu ◽  
John . Porotu'o ◽  
Olivia A. Waworuntu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right

Abstract: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). In Indonesia, there are about 430.000 new cases, of which 61.000 cases ended in death. This disease has many clinical varieties, therefore, a gold standard for the right and exact diagnosis is needed. The examination of sputum by using Ziehl-Neelsen staining must be more improved for public health service. This study aimed to determine the profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (acid-fast bacteria) among patients with coughing ≥2 weeks at Ranotana, Wenang and Sario Primary Health Cares (PHCs) by using Ziehl-Neelsen staining. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Samples were obtained by using total sampling method during the period of September 2015 - December 2015. The results showed that there were 38 cases of coughing ≥2 weeks as follows: 15 cases at Wenang PHC, 13 cases at Ranotana PHC, and 10 cases at Sario PHC. The examination of acid-fast bacteria from the 38 cases of three PHCs showed that 1 case (2.7%) had acid-fast bacteria (++). Conclusion: In this study, there was only one case (2,7%) with positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Keywords: cough more than two weeks, tuberculosis, BTA Abstrak: Tuberkulosis adalah suatu penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Indonesia memiliki sekitar 430.000 kasus baru dimana 61.000 kasus berakhir dengan kematian. Penyakit ini memiliki gejala klinis yang bervariasi sehingga perlu ditetapkan standar baku untuk menegakkan diagnosis lebih cepat dan akurat. Pemeriksaan sputum dengan pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen harus lebih ditingkatkan pada pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran Mycobacterium tuberculosis (basil tahan asam, BTA) dengan pewarnaan Ziehl-Neelsen pada pasien batuk ≥2 minggu di Puskesmas Wenang, Puskesmas Ranotana, dan Puskesmas Sario Kota Manado. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan cara total sampling pada kurun waktu September 2015 - Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 38 kasus batuk ≥2 minggu yaitu 15 kasus di Puskesmas Wenang, 13 kasus di Puskesmas Ranotana dan 10 kasus di Puskesmas Sario. Pada pemeriksaan (BTA) di Puskesmas Wenang, Puskesmas Ranotana dan Puskesmas Sario didapatkan BTA (++) 2,7% sedangkan BTA (-) 97,3%.Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 1 kasus (2,7%) Mycobacterium tuberculosis positif

scholarly journals RASIONALITAS PENGGUNAAN ANALGESIK DALAM SWAMEDIKASI NYERI DI KOTA DENPASAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Lydya ◽  
Ni Putu Aryati Suryaningsih ◽  
Ni made Umi Kartika Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Analgesic Use

Latar Belakang: Nyeri merupakan keluhan terbanyak yang mendorong masyarakat untuk melakukan praktek swamedikasi. Analgesik efektif dan memiliki indeks terapi yang luas, namun dapat berpotensi untuk menimbulkan efek samping yang serius bahkan ketika digunakan dalam dosis yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran terkait rasionalitas penggunaan analgesik dalam swamedikasi nyeri di Kota Denpasar. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dan melibatkan 196 responden yang dipilih dengan consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner pada enam apotek di wilayah Kota Denpasar dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil: Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa 50,5% responden menggunakan analgesik secara tidak rasional dalam praktek swamedikasi nyeri. Mayoritas responden yang menggunakan analgesik dalam swamedikasi nyeri adalah perempuan, usia 17-25 tahun, tingkat pendidikan tinggi, bekerja dan memiliki tingkat pendapatan yang rendah. Kesimpulan: Setengah dari total responden menggunakan analgesik secara tidak rasional dalam praktek swamedikasi nyeri. Tingginya ketidakrasionalan penggunaan analgesik dapat menyebabkan peningkatkan biaya pengobatan dan dapat menimbulkan kondisi yang berbahaya. Kata kunci: Penggunaan analgesik, rasionalitas, swamedikasi AbstractBackground: Pain is the most complaints of illness that encourage communities to use analgesics in self-medication practice. Analgesics are effective and have a broad therapeutic index, but may have potentially serious side effects even when they used in the right dosage. This study aimed to determine the rationality of analgesic use in pain self-medication in Denpasar City. Method: A cross-sectional design was used, and involved 196 respondents selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected from questionnaire distribution in six pharmacies in Denpasar City and analyzed by using descriptive statistics. Result: This study found that 50,5% respondents used analgesics irrationally in pain self-medication practice. The majority of respondents who used analgesics in pain self-medication were females, aged 17-25 years old, high education level, employed, and had low income. Conclusion: Half of the total respondents used analgesics irrationally in pain self-medication practice. High of irrational analgesic use can increase medical costs and lead to dangerous conditions. Keywords:  Analgesic use, pain, rationality, self-medication

scholarly journals Causes of post-caesarean surgical site infection at South Konawe Hospital, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, February - July 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Mokhamad Anhar Dani ◽  
Rizki Pranadyan ◽  
Muhammad Yusuf ◽  
Budi Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Descriptive Method

Objectives: To analyze the causes of post-caesarean section surgical site infection (SSI) at South Konawe Hospital, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, between February and July 2017.Materials and Methods: Retrospective study using descriptive method with cross-sectional design from February to July 2017 in inpatient and outpatient wards at Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic, South Konawe Hospital. The population was the patients medical records.Results: There were nine cases (7.75%) from totally of 116 cases of caesarean section with SSI. Based on SSI type, there were four cases (44.4%) with superficial SSI and 5 cases (55.5%) with deeper classification of SSI. SSI was dominated by women of productive age with age 20-35 years in 66.6% case. The lowest BMI was 22 kg/m2 and the highest BMI was 41.5 kg/m2. Hemoglobin levels were higher than 11 g/dL (66.6%). The most surgical action to be performed was emergency operation in 8 cases (15.09%).Conclusion:Causal characteristics of SSI at South Konawe were age of 20-35 years, the lowest BMI of 22 kg/m2 and the highest BMI 41.5 kg/m2, hemoglobin levels higher than 11 g/dL, and the need of emergency operation. 

scholarly journals Kesehatan hidung di Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan Manado

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyon Lalita ◽  
Ora I. Palandeng ◽  
Olivia C.P. Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Observational Descriptive Study

Abstract: Physiologically, nose has several functions such as a filter and the first-line defence as well as protectve organ against the negative impacts of the environment. The nose is also useful to clean the air from dust, bacteria, and viruses through a mucociliary transport mechanism. Generally, the important role of smell has lack of public attention until eventually disorders or injuries that can disturb the ability and physiological function of the nose occur. This was an observational descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Respondents were 30 students in Sekolah Polisi Negara (State police school) Karombasan Manado; all were males. Nose health status of every respondent was determined by examination of the nasal cavity, conchae, mucous layer, secretion, septum, and post nasal drips. The results showed that from the 30 respondents, there was edema at the right conchae and left conchae each as many as 6.7%. Examination of septum showed that septum deviation of the right nose. Examination of nasal cavity, mucosa layer, secretion and post nasal drips overall resulted in normal category. Conclusion: Nose health status at Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan Manado was categorized as good.Keywords: nose health, physical examination of nose Abstrak: Secara fisiologis hidung mempunyai beberapa fungsi antara lain sebagai penyaring dan pertahanan lini pertama serta pelindung tubuh terpenting terhadap lingkungan yang tidak menguntungkan. Hidung juga berguna membersihkan udara inspirasi dari debu, bakteri dan virus melalui mekanisme transpor mukosiliar. Umumnya, peran penting dari indera penghiduan kurang mendapat perhatian khusus dari masyarakat sendiri hingga terjadi gangguan atau cidera yang dapat menghilangkan kemampuan dan fungsi fisiologis dari organ hidung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkangambaran kesehatan hidung di Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah 30 orang mahasiswa Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan Manado, seluruhnya berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Status kesehatan hidung setiap responden dinilai dengan memeriksa kavum nasi, konka, mukosa, sekret, septum, dan post nasal drip. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan dari 30 mahasiswa, terdapat edema pada konka sebelah kanan dan kiri masing-masing sebesar 6,7%. Hasil pemeriksaan septum, ditemukan deviasi septum pada hidung kanan sebesar 3,3%. Pada pemeriksaan kavum nasi, mukosa, sekret, dan post nasal drips didapatkan hasil yang normal. Simpulan: Secara keseluruhan kesehatan hidung di Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan tergolong baik. Kata kunci: kesehatan hidung, pemeriksaan fisik hidung

scholarly journals Sensitivitas dan Spesifisitas Metode KOH 20% + Tinta Parker Blue Black Dibandingkan dengan KOH 20% pada Dermatomikosis Superfisialis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Firda Ulfa Ramadhani ◽  
Diana Tri Ratnasari Ratnasari ◽  
Masfufatun Masfufatun
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Color Contrast ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Routine Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Element ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right

Superficial dermatomycosis is a fungal infection of the skin, nail and hair. Based on the pathogen, this infection can be divided into dermatophytosis, phytiriasis versicolor and candidiasis. The rapid diagnosis for this infection is the key point to deliver the right theraphy. The supporting investigation for this infection can be performed directly using KOH. The KOH 20% solution has an indistict color contrast, that cause the fungal element seemed transparent. The observant expertise would be required for this case. The alternative method to enhance sensitivity and specificity of KOH is to add dyes such as Blue Black parker ink. The objectives of this research was to observe the sensitivity and specificity of KOH 20% + blue black parker ink in comparisson with KOH 20% method in superficial dermatomycosis. The research method was cross sectional design analitical obsevation with 30 research subjects. The samples were taken from superficial dermatomycosis lesion swabs. These samples were tested using KOH 20% solution and KOH 20% + blue black parker ink solution in Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Hospital, Sepanjang and dr. Makmuri Clinics, Surabaya. The results demonstrated that the sensitivity of KOH 20% solution and KOH 20% + blue black parker ink solution were 86.67% and 93.33%, respectively. The specificity of KOH 20% solution and KOH 20% + blue black parker ink solution were 100% and 100%, respectively. It can be concluded from the research that KOH 20% + blue black parker ink solution can be used for the routine diagnosis for superficial dermatomycosis due to the high sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Kepatuhan Ibu Nifas Dalam Pemanfaatan Buku KIA Terhadap Pencegahan Komplikasi Masa Nifas Di Kota TarakanKepatuhan Ibu Nifas Dalam Pemanfaatan Buku KIA Terhadap Pencegahan Komplikasi Masa Nifas Di Kota Tarakan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Nur Indah Noviyanti ◽  
◽  
Gusrian Gusrian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

Indonesia is currently still experienced problems related to the high maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR). So that the government makes efforts to reduce MMR and IMR. In this effort, in 1994 the government issued the MCH booklet, which is one of the strategies in reducing maternal and infant mortality rates, this strategy involves empowering the community, especially families and communities. In order to ensure the use of the MCH handbook in the community, the implementation of the MCH handbook is coordinated directly by the respective regional health offices. During the pandemic postpartum mothers find it difficult to access health facilities because of the right to service. Therefore, to increase mother's knowledge, both about early detection of complications, health education, health promotion, it is hoped that mothers can support them through the KIA book that every pregnant and postpartum mother has. This study aims to determine the relationship between postpartum mother’s adherence to the use of MCH book as an education to prevent complications in the Pandemic Era in the Sebengkok Community Health Center. This type of research used analytical research with cross sectional design. The population in this study were all postpartum mothers who were in the working area of the pusksemas Sebengkok from January to June 2020. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling. Based on the chi square test, the value of ρ = 0.011 was obtained, which shows ρ <α (0.05), which means that there is a relationship between postpartum mothers' knowledge of the use of the MCH book during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Gambaran malaria pada anak di RSU GMIM Bethesda Tomohon periode 2011-2015

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boy A.I. Paendong ◽  
Suryadi N.N. Tatura ◽  
Hesti Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: Malaria is an endemic disease that is often found in the world, particularly in tropic areas. Four types of plasmodiums that often infect human are falciparum, vivax, malariae, and ovale. The symptoms of malaria that usually occur are fever, chills, and sweats. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of malaria in children at GMIM Bethesda Hospital Tomohon. This was a descriptive retrospective study with a cross sectional design. The results showed that of 105 children who suffered from malaria, only 92 children fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Malaria was found in the years 2011-2015. The highest percentages were age 5-9 years (31.5 %), males (66 %), plasmodium falciparum (63%), and fever as the clinical manifestation (100%). The manifestation of malaria such as fever, chill, and ssweating perspiring was found in 13.1% of cases and complication of severe anemia in 1,1% of cases. Most cases were treated with DHP and primaquin. Conclusion: In this study, malaria was still an endemic disease in GMIM Bethesda Hospital Tomohon, most among males aged 5-9 years. Plasmodium falciparum was the most common type and fever was the clinical manifestation mostly complained.Keywords: malaria, plasmodium, children Abstrak: Malaria adalah penyakit endemis yang sering dijumpai di seluruh dunia, terutama di daerah tropis. Empat plasmodium yang biasa menginfeksi manusia yaitu falciparum, vivax, malariae, dan ovale. Gejala umum pada malaria ialah demam, menggigil, dan berkeringat. Menurut data WHO, di dunia kasus penyakit malaria pada tahun 2015 berjumlah 214 juta kasus. Di Sulawesi Utara pada tahun 2014 jumlah kasus malaria menyentuh angka 2.244 jiwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran malaria pada anak di RSU GMIM Bethesda Tomohon. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 105 anak yang menderita malaria didapatkan 92 anak sebagai subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Malaria terdapat sepanjang tahun dari 2011-2015. Mayoritas anak dengan malaria ialah usia 5-9 tahun (31,5%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (66%), jenis plasmodium falciparum (63%), dan gejala klinis demam (100%). Gejala malaria demam, menggigil, berkeringat ditemukan sebanyak 13,1% dan komplikasi anemia berat 1,1%. Terapi yang banyak digunakan ialah DHP dan primakuin. Simpulan: Pada studi ini malaria masih merupakan penyakit endemik di RSU GMIM Behesda Tomohon, sering terjadi pada anak laki-laki, usia 5-9 tahun, dengan mayoritas plasmodium falciparum dan gejala klinis demam. Kata kunci: malaria, plasmodium, anak

scholarly journals Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut berdasarkan cara menyikat gigi dengan teknik kombinasi pada anak kidal dan non-kidal

e-GIGI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novany Lumempouw ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan ◽  
Kustina Zuliari
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Combination Technique ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Better Than

Abstract: During the developmental stage, children begin to do a variety of activities including tooth brushing. Generally, children use their right hands dominantly to do their activities (right-handed), however, there are also children who use their left hands (left-handed) dominantly. This study was aimed to assess the oral hygiene status based on tooth brushing with a combination technique among left-handed and right-handed children. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Population study consisted of left-handed and right-handed children at Kalawat, North Minahasa, North Sulawesi province. Respondents were 60 children consisted of 30 left-handed children and 30 right-handed children obtained by using the purposive sampling method. Data were obtained by using checking form of oral hygiene status. The results showed that oral hygiene status of most left-handed and right-handed children was in good category. The average of OHI-S score of the left-handed children before tooth brushing was 0.7 and after tooth brushing was 0.3, whereas, of the right-handed children, the average of OHI-S score before tooth brushing was 0.6 and after tooth brushing was 0.2. Conclusion: Oral hygiene status of right-handed children who brushed their teeth with a combination technique was better than of the left-handed children. Keywords: oral hygiene status, left-handed children, right-handed children, tooth brushing, combination techniqueAbstrak: Seiring berjalannya tahap perkembangan, anak-anak mulai melakukan aktivitas termasuk menyikat gigi. Umumnya anak dominan melakukan aktivitas menggunakan tangan kanan (non-kidal) tetapi ada juga yang dominan melakukan aktivitas menggunakan tangan kiri (kidal). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut nerdasrkan cara menyikat gigi dengan teknik kombinasi pada anak kidal dan non-kidal. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Populasi penelitian ialah anak kidal dan non-kidal di Kecamatan Kalawat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jumlah responden sebanyak 60 orang anak terdiri dari 30 anak kidal dan 30 anak non-kidal diambil dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan formulir pemeriksaan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada anak kidal dan anak non-kidal sebagian besar memiliki kategori baik. Rerata skor OHI-S anak kidal sebelum menyikat gigi yaitu 0,7 dan sesudah menyikat gigi 0,3 sedangkan pada anak non-kidal rerata skor OHI-S sebelum menyikat gigi 0,6 dan sesudah menyikat gigi 0,2. Simpulan: Status kebersihan gigi dan mulut berdasarkan cara menyikat gigi menggunakan teknik kombinasi pada anak non-kidal lebih baik dibandingkan pada anak kidal.Kata kunci: status kebersihan gigi dan mulut, anak kidal, anak non-kidal, menyikat gigi teknik kombinasi.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KUALITATIF PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN PNEUMONIA RS “X’’ DI MALANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Wirda Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Medical Record ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Observational Method ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract—Pneumonia was an inflammation that occurs in the lungs accompanied by exudation and consolidation of microorganisms. In Indonesia, the prevalence of pneumonia continues to increase. Treatment of pneumonia uses antibiotic therapy. The use of antibiotics needs to be controlled by evaluating the quality of antibiotic use to prevent negative effects that can occur on patients, such as antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of antibiotic use in pneumonia patients. This study did with observational method with cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in August-September 2019. Qualitative evaluations did with Gyssen method. The results of 35 medical record samples that fulfill the criteria showed that 21.43% of cases category 0; 16.67% of cases category I; 0% of cases category II C; 33.34% of cases in category II B; 4.76% of cases category II A; 0% of cases category III B; 0% of cases category III A; 0% of cases category IV D; 19.05% of cases category IV C; 4.76% of cases category IV B; 61.90% of cases category IV A; 0% of cases category V; 0% of cases category VI. Thus, rational cases (category I) were 21,43% and irrational cases (categories I-IV) were 78,57%.

scholarly journals KORELASI UKURAN KETEBALAN KORTEKS DAN RESISTIVE INDEX GINJAL BERDASARKAN PEMERIKSAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI PADA PASIEN HIDRONEFROSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Ferawati Dakio ◽  
Nurlaily Idris ◽  
Mirna Muis ◽  
Andi Alfian ◽  
Hasyim Kasim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Renal Resistive Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Right ◽  
Superior Pole

Hidronefrosis dapat terjadi pada satu atau kedua ginjal yang menyebabkan aliran urine menjadi lemah dan mengganggu fungsi dari ginjal itu sendiri.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi ketebalan korteks ginjal dan resistive index ginjal berdasarkan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi pada pasien hidronefrosis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di bagian Radiologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar dari Mei sampai dengan Agustus 2018. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang.Sampel penelitian sebanyak empat puluh orang yang memiliki klinis hidronefrosis. Pemeriksaan ultrasonografi grayscale terhadap pasien dilakukan untuk mengukur ketebalan korteks ginjal yang dilakukan di bagian tengah ginjal pada potongan longitudinal dan diukur dari puncak piramid tegak lurus ke arah kapsul, kemudian dilanjutkan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi doppler di arteri interlobar atau arcuata pada pole superior, median, dan inferior ginjal untuk menilai  renal resistiveindex. Data dianalisis dengan analisis statistik melalui uji korelasi Spearman dan Pearson.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata sampel penelitian mengalami hidronefrosis derajat ringan. Mean tebal korteks ginjal kanan pada penelitian ini 0,9 cm (0,26-1,79cm) dan ginjal kiri 0,84 cm (0,22-1,57cm). Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara derajat hidronefrosis dengan ketebalan korteks ginjal kanan dan kiri dengan arah korelasi negatif (p=0,0001). Kecenderungan peningkatan derajat hidronefrosis, meningkatkan nilai resistive index meskipun secara statistik tidak bermakna. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara ketebalan korteks dan resistive index  ginjal berdasarkan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi.   Hydronephrosis can occur in one or both kidneys which causes the flow of urine to become weak and interfere with the function of the kidney. This research aimed to investigate the correlation between the cortex thickness and the resistive index of kidney based on the ultrasonography examination in hydronephrosis patients.  The research was conducted in Radiology Department of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar from May through August 2018. The research design used was observational using the cross sectional design. The total samples comprised 40 samples with clinical hydronephrosis. The examination of ultrasonography grayscale was carried out in order to measure the cortex thickness of the kidneys in the central parts of kidneys and the longitudinal cut was measured from the pyramid top straight down the capsule, then it was continued with the Doppler ultrasonography examination in the interlobare artery or arcute at superior pole, median and inferior kidney in order to evaluate the renal resistive index. The data were analyzed using the statistical analysis through the correlation tests of Spearman and Pearson. The research results indicated that the mean research samples had experienced the light hydronephrosis. The mean cortex thickness of the right kidney was 0.9 cm (0.26 - 1.79 cm), and that of the left kidnet was 0.84 cm (0.22 - 1.57 cm). There was a significant correlation between the degree of hydronephrosis and the cortex thickness of the right and the left kidneys, with the direction of the negative correlation (p=0.0001). There was a tendency of the increase of hydronephrosis degree to increase the value of resistive index, though statistically it was insignificant. There was no correlation between the cortex thickness and the resistive index of kidney based on the ultrasonogrphy examination.  

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