scholarly journals AKTIVITAS FISIK MAKSIMAL AKUT (ACUTE OVERTRAINING) MENYEBABKAN KERUSAKAN SEL β PANKREAS MENCIT

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferbian M. Siswanto ◽  
Boedi P. Yenniastuti ◽  
Tri A. Putra ◽  
I Made Kardena
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Type I ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract: Excessive physical activity can cause oxidative stress characterized by increased free radicals in the body. This oxidative stress will cause damages to a variety of cells, inter alia β cells of islets of Langerhans in pancreas. This study aimed to determine that acute overtraining could increase the risk of type I diabetes mellitus through induction of pancreatic β cell damages. This study used a completely randomized design with total samples of 36 mice divided into 3 groups. Group P0 was the group of mice without treatment; group P1 was treated with overworking and a recovery period of 48 hours; and group P2 was treated with overworking and a recovery period of 24 hours. After 14 days of treatment, the pancreas of all groups were taken for histological examination using Gomori chrome hematoxylin phloxine B staining. The descriptive analysis showed that the pancreatic tissues of groups P1 and P2 were morphologically damaged compared to group P0. The results of quantitative observations were analyzed by using One way Anova test followed by LSD, indicated that the number of pancreatic β-cells was significantly decreased among the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Acute overtraining may cause damages of pancreatic β cells.Keywords: excessive physical work, pancreatic β cellsAbstrak: Aktivitas fisik berlebihan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya stres oksidatif yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya radikal bebas di dalam tubuh. Stres oksidatif akan menyebabkan kerusakan berbagai macam sel, salah satunya sel β pulau langerhans pankreas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas fisik maksimal akut (acute overtraining) dalam meningkatkan risiko terjadinya diabetes melitus tipe I melalui induksi kerusakan sel β pankreas. Rancangan penelitian ini ialah completely randomized design dengan sampel 36 ekor mencit yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok. Kelompok P0 ialah kelompok mencit tanpa perlakuan; kelompok P1 diberi perlakuan beban kerja maksimal dengan periode pemulihan selama 48 jam; dan kelompok P2 diberi perlakuan beban kerja maksimal dengan periode pemulihan selama 24 jam. Setelah 14 hari perlakuan, keseluruhan kelompok sampel diambil organ pankreasnya untuk dibuat sediaan histologik dengan pewarnaan khusus Gomori chrome hematoxylin phloxine B. Analisis deskriptif kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa morfologi jaringan pankreas pada kelompok P1 dan P2 mengalami kerusakan jika dibandingkan P0. Hasil pengamatan kuantitatif dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji One way Anova dilanjutkan dengan Least Significant Difference (LSD), menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan jumlah sel β pankreas yang signifikan antar kelompok P0, P1, dan P2 (P < 0,05). Simpulan: Aktivitas fisik maksimal akut dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel β pankreas.Kata kunci: beban kerja maksimal, sel β pankreas

scholarly journals Effects of Three Types of Massage on Serum Levels of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase After One Session of Exhaustive Exercise in Female Futsal Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-339
Author(s):  
Bahare Heydari ◽  
◽  
Mohsen Ghofrani ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Bahram ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exhaustive Exercise ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The production of reactive oxygen species in exercise causes oxidative stress which disturbs the balance of oxidants and antioxidants, causing destructive effects on cells. The present study aims to investigate the effect of three types of massage (Swedish, Russian, Thai) on serum levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) following one session of exhaustive exercise. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 48 female futsal players aged 17-22 years in Zahedan, Iran who were selected using a purposive sampling method, and randomly divided into four groups of Swedish massage (Long strokes with pressing and tapping using hands), Russian massage (Medium to high pressure), Thai massage (Pressure to certain parts of the body) and Control. The exercise program was based on Bruce protocol. Serum levels of MDA, GPX and SOD were measured by before and immediately after exercise and after massage. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA, considering a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: In all three types of massage, there was a significant decrease in serum level of MDA (0.22±0.08), and a significant increase in GPX (1.84±0.46) and SOD (10.02±2.86) levels after exhaustive (P=0.001). No significant difference was observed in the control group. Conclusion: It seems that Russian, Thai, and Swedish types of massage can affect the serum levels of the MDA (as an oxidative stress marker) and the antioxidant enzymes of GPX and SOD during the post-exercise recovery period.

scholarly journals Effectiveness Test of Soursop Leaf Extract and Papaya Leaf Extract Combination Against Spodoptera litura on Chili Plants in Tobelo City

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Nonice Manikome ◽  
Morina Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
The Body ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

In terms of control, various natural chemical compounds derived from plants can be used. Like papaya and soursop leaves, the formulation of the problem is whether the combination of soursop leaf extract and papaya leaf extract is effective in controlling S. litura pests and what is the most effective extract concentration. This study used a completely randomized design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications. Observation variables included symptoms, morphological changes and mortality, the results were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) 5% test. The initial symptoms that were seen one day after application of the combination were morphological changes in the test larvae. Such as damage to the body of the larva, change in color, then the larva's body shrinks, when touched the larvae easily fall. The highest mortality was found at the extract concentration of 20% with a mortality rate of 64.79% on the second day. The results showed that the high mortality rate was closely related to the high toxicity contained in the 20% extract concentration. It was concluded that the results of the effectiveness test of the combination of papaya leaf extract and soursop leaf extract were effective. Suggestions for the use of natural materials that are easily available can be used as an alternative to control pests that are environmentally friendly. Furthermore, it is suggested that if you want to increase mortality, you can try increasing the extract concentration.

scholarly journals The Effect Of Lemon (Citrus Limon L.) Extract On Mortality Of Aedes Sp. and Potential As Repellent

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Suharno Zen ◽  
Agus Sutanto ◽  
Afiatur Rohmah
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Lemon Peel ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Peel Extract

Lemon (Citrus limon L.) is a plant with a peel type that contains phytochemical compounds namely flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and limonenes that can be used as plant-based insecticides. The contents of these chemical compounds have the ability to kill mosquitoes, and act as respiratory poisons and stomach poisons for the mosquitoes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the extract of lemon peel (Citrus limon L) On the mortality of Aedes sp. and to determine its potential as a repellent. This type of research used in thisstudy was an experiment using a completely randomized design study (CRD) which was carried out using 3 variations of the treatment dose of lemon peel extract (Citrus limon L) namely 25%, 27.5%, and 30%and controls (+) and (-). Data collection was carried out by looking at and recording mortality / deaths from Aedes sp. after being given treatment and observing mosquitoes on the body of mice and counting the number of mosquitoes that using the Protection Power formula. Data were statistically tested using One Way Anova and continued with LSD (Least Significant Difference) test. The results obtained by the value of Fcount ˃ table is 0.484 at the level of α = 0.05 so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that there is a significantinfluence of each treatment. The best effective dose is 30% with 50 mosquitoes dead. The highest protection power at a concentration of 30% was 97.3%, while the lowest protective power at a concentration of 25% was 77.1%.

scholarly journals COMBINATION OF SAMBILOTO (ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA (BURM.F.) NEES) EXTRACT AND SPIRULINA (ARTHROSPIRA PLATENSIS GOMONT) TO PREVENT ANEMIA IN MICE INFECTED WITH PLASMODIUM BERGHEI ANKA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Kusmardi Kusmardi ◽  
Berna Elya ◽  
Tri Wahyuni ◽  
Rafika Indah Paramita
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Erythrocyte Count ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Objective: Anemia in acute malaria occurs because there is massive lysis of erythrocytes as a result of an increase in parasitemia or use of drugs that may induce hemolysis. In this research, it was tested the effect of administration of a combination of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees) extract and spirulina (Arthrospira platensis Gomont). This combination is aimed to obtain antiparasite activity of sambiloto and increasing of hemoglobin (Hb) from spirulina.Methods: This research was conducted with a completely randomized design using 75 mice of Swiss Webster strain. Test groups were consisted of AP, AP+ES, AP+PS, carboxymethyl cellulose, and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. All mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei on the day 0. The test material extracts were given 3 days before infection (H-3) and every day for 28 days after infection. Parasitemia data were taken on day 3, 7, 10, 15, 21, and 28, while the data for erythrocyte count and Hb level were taken on day 3, 10, and 21. Data processing was conducted using one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc test.Results: This study showed that combination of sambiloto extract and spirulina powder (AP+PS) gave a significant difference result in suppressing the percentage of parasitemia (p=0.02), increasing the erythrocyte count (p=0.03), and Hb level (p=0.01) at the 15th day, compared to the group given only sambiloto (AP).Conclusion: Combination of spirulina powder and sambiloto extract will decrease parasitemia and increase the number of erythrocyte and Hb in mice that infected by P. berghei.  

scholarly journals The Comparison between Tree Sorrel and Snake Plant on the Hatchability Inhibition of Apple Snail Eggs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Fatimatuzzahra Fatimatuzzahra ◽  
Adetha Putriana ◽  
Jemmy Jumadi ◽  
Dian Fita Lestari ◽  
Bambang Sri Anggoro
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Controls ◽  
One Way Anova

This study aimed to compare and determine the hatchability inhibition of the tree sorrel extract (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and snake plant as natural ovicide of apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.). This study employed the completely randomized design (CRD). The negative controls were the extracts with the concentrations of 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, and a positive control. Data analysis used was one-way ANOVA and then continued by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that tree sorrel extract with 3% concentration had the highest inhibitory on the hatchability of apple snail eggs compared to the snake plant extract (Sansevieria trifasciata P.) with a comparison value of 19.47%. Perbandingandaya Hambat Tetas Telur Keong Mas dari Buah Belimbing Wuluh dan Daun Lidah MertuaAbstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membandingkan dan mengetahui daya hambat tetas telur keong mas dari ekstrak buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) dan daun lidah mertua sebagai ovisida alami keong mas (Pomacea canaliculata L.). Desain penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan konsentrasi yaitu kontrol negatif, 1%, 1,5%, 2%, 2,5%, 3% dan kontrol positif. Analisis data menggunakan uji One Way Anova dilanjutkan dengan ujiBeda NyataTerkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah belimbing wuluh dengan konsentrasi 3% mempunyai daya hambat tertinggi terhadap penetasan telur keong mas dibandingkan ekstrak daun lidah mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata P.), yaitu sebesar 19,47%.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PALM SUGAR SEBAGAI PENGGANTI SUKROSA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SNACK BAR TEPUNG KOMPOSIT (UBI UNGU, JAGUNG KUNING DAN KACANG TUNGGAK) SEBAGAI SNACK RENDAH KALORI

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Christi Eva Listyaningrum ◽  
Dian Rachmawanti Affandi ◽  
M. Zukhrufuz Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Palm Sugar ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
One Way Anova

<p>Trend snack which circulate in sociate contain sugar content, salt and high calories. This has resulted in adverse effects on public health, such as increased degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus and increased obesity due to the high number of calories and sugar content in snacks which was consumed daily. The aim of this researchto investigate the effect of palm sugar on the physical, chemical and sensory characteristics snackbar of composite flour (sweet potato, y and cowpea) as an alternative to natural sweetener substitute which has low calories sugar and safe for the body on snacks ) that can be consumed by the community in the long-term The experimental design in this study used Completely Randomized Design (CAD) with one factor in the different concentrations of palm sugar and refined sugar (15%: 0%, 10%: 5%, 5%: 10% and 0%: 15%). The data was processed statistically using One Way Anova with significance level of 5%. The result of this research showed that variation of usage palm sugar take an effect to physical, chemical and sensory characteristic snackbar of composite flour which was resulted snackbar F1 (15% palm sugar) has a low calories (3.98 Kkal/g) than F2, F3 and F4 with variation of usage palm sugar and refined sugar has 4.17 Kkal/g.</p>

Effect of planting date and density on calendula and peppermint herbs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Rahim Mohammadian ◽  
Behnam Tahmasebpour ◽  
Peyvand Samimifar
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total Maximum

A factorial experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of planting date and density on calendula herbs and peppermint. It had 3 replicates and was done in Khosroshahr research farm, Tabriz in 2006. Under studied factors were: 3 planting dates (10 May, 25 May and 10 June) in 4 densities (25, 35, 45, 55) of the plant in square meters. The results of variance a nalysis showed that there was 1% probability significant difference between the effects of planting date and bush density on the leave number, bush height and the bush dry weight. But the mutual effect of the plant date in mentioned traits density was insignificant. Regarding the traits mean comparison, the total maximum dry weight was about the 55 bush density in mm. Also, the bush high density in mm causes the bush growth and its mass reduction. When there is the density grain, the flower number will increase due to bush grain in surface unit. Overall, we can conclude that 10 June planting and 45 bush density in mm is the most suitable items and results in favored production with high essence for these crops.

Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nurhasanah Nurhasanah ◽  
Fauzia Andrini ◽  
Yulis Hamidy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.

PENGARUH LAMA PEREBUSAN SIMPLISIA DAUN APAH (Albertisia papuana Becc.) YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI PENYEDAP MAKANAN OLEH MASYARAKAT KAB. TANA TIDUNG TERHADAP ANGKA CEMARAN MIKROBA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Rosnah Rosnah ◽  
Medi Hendra ◽  
Eko Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Dilution Series ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Boiling Process ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of long simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) that’s used as a food’s flavoring by people of Kab. Tana Tidung against microbial contamination numbers. The design of research used a pattern completely randomized design (RAL), with a dilution series of samples 10-8, 10-9 and 10-10 and different boiling’s level (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes). The results obtained that the longer of boiling process is used, then the less the number of microbial contamination of colony growth. Average number of microbial contamination in samples in the boiling of 5 minutes is 92 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 10 minutes is 87 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 15 minutes is 56 x 1010 microbial colonies, in boiling 20 min is 44 x 1010 colonies of microbes and the boiling simplicia infuse for 25 minutes is 33 x 1010 colonies of microbes. Based of Analysis variance variety in each treatment showed that in boiling 20 minutes and 25 minutes showed real significant difference (p <0.05), but the boiling 5, 10 and 15 minutes there was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The results of the Anova, showed that in boiling treatment of simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) significantly affects the growth of microbial colonies. Analysis of Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the level of 95%, the result that the effects of long boiling the simplicia Apah’s leaves (Albertisia papuana Becc.) which is used as a food flavoring by people of Kab. Tana Tidung, significant effect on the numbers of microbial contamination

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SUGARCANE STRAW AND SOWING DEPTH ON THE EMERGENCE OF WEED SPECIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. SILVA ◽  
P. A. MONQUERO ◽  
F. B. SILVA ◽  
N. C. BEVILAQUA ◽  
M. R. MALARDO
Keyword(s):  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Sugarcane Straw ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Luffa Aegyptiaca

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the influence of sowing depth and the amount of sugarcane straw on the emergence of weed species Luffa aegyptiaca Miller (Cucurbitaceae); Mucuna aterrima Piper & Tracy (Fabaceae - Leguminosae) and Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae). A completely randomized design with a 5 x 4 x 3 factorial layout with four replications was used, at five sowing depths (0, 2, 4, 8 and 10 cm), four different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) and three different evaluation periods (7, 14 and 21 days after sowing). After sowing, different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) were deposited on soil. Seedling emergence was analyzed at 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing, counting the number of seedlings that had emerged. At the end of the trial, weed height (cm), leaf area (cm2) and shoot dry mass (g) were measured. In relation to emergence ability, studied species presented different responses according to sowing depth and to the amount of sugarcane straw deposited on the soil. For the L.aegyptiacaand M.aterrima, no significant difference was observed in the interaction between depth and sugarcane straw, showing the adaptation of these species to no-burn sugarcane system. For R.communis, seeds placed at 0 cm of sugar cane straw depth were observed to favor the emergence of seedlings.

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