scholarly journals The Use Of Marine Sponge Crude Extract To Improve The Resistance Of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) To Streptococcus agalactiae Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Shifa A. Schram ◽  
Reiny A. Tumbol ◽  
Reni L. Kreckhoff
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
Sponge Extract

This study aims to examine the effect of the use of crude marine sponge extract on the resistance of streptococcus agalactiae infection in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, and to establish the effective dose of crude sponge extract in improving the immune system and the growth of the fish. The sponge used in the study was Cribrochalina sp. taken from Malalayang waters, Manado. The fish were taken from Freshwater Aquaculture Center, Tatelu. The fish were acclimatized for a week. After being acclimatized the fish were given feed added with sponge crude extract as a treatment with different concentrations of 20 g, 40 g and 60 g / Kg of feed for 14 days as much as 5% / body weight / day with the frequency of feeding twice a day at 10:00 am and at 5:00 p.m. After being treated, the fish was challenged with S. agalactiae. The data collected consisted of tilapia resistance, Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) as immune parameters and absolute growth. The results showed that the addition of crude extracts of Cribrochalina sp. into feed can increase TLC and growth of tilapia (p <0.05). The best results were achieved in fish fed with the addition of sponge crude extract of 40 g/kg feed. The survival rate of tilapia fed with treatment diet then challenged with pathogenic bacteria S. agalactiae showed the best results (100% survival rate) compared to controls (75%). In conclusion, feeding with a crude extract of Cribrochalina sp. has the potential to increase the immune system and growth of tilapia.Keywords: Crude Extract, Marine Sponges, Cribrochalina sp., Tilapia, Resistance, Streptococcus agalactiaeABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan ekstrak kasar spons laut terhadap resistensi ikan nila dalam menghadapi serangan Streptococcus agalactiae, mengidentifikasi spons yang digunakan, serta mengukur pengaruh serta menetapkan dosis pemberian ekstrak kasar spons untuk meningkatkan sistem imun dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila. Spons yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah spons Cribrochalina sp. yang diambil dari perairan Malalayang. Ikan uji diambil dari Balai Budidaya Air Tawar Tatelu, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Ikan diaklimatisasi selama seminggu. Setelah diaklimatisasi ikan diberi pakan yang ditambahkan dengan ekstrak kasar spons sebagai perlakuan dengan konsentrasi berbeda yaitu 0 g, 20 g, 40 g dan 60 g/kg pakan selama 14 hari sebanyak 5%/berat tubuh/hari dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan dua kali sehari yaitu jam 10.00 pagi dan jam 17.00 sore. Setelah diberi perlakuan, ikan diuji tantang dengan bakteri S. agalactiae. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari kelangsunganhidup ikan nila. Total leukosit sebagai parameter imun dan pertumbuhan mutlak. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak kasar spons Cribrochalina sp. ke dalam pakan mampu meningkatkan total leukosit dan pertumbuhan ikan nila (p<0.05). Dimana hasil terbaik dicapai pada ikan yang diberi pakan dengan penambahan ekstrak kasar spons sebanyak 40 g/kg pakan. Kelangsungan hidup ikan nila yang diberi pakan perlakuan yang diuji tantang dengan bakteri patogen menunjukkan hasil yang paling baik (tingkat kelangsungan hidup 100%) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (75%). Sebagai kesimpulan bahwa pemberian pakan dengan ekstrak kasar spons Cribrochalina sp. berpotensi untuk meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh dan pertumbuhan pada ikan nila.Kata Kunci: Ekstrak kasar, Spons laut, Cribrochalina sp., Tilapia, Resistensi, Streptococcus agalactiae

scholarly journals Identification of Cytotoxicity of Marine Sponge Dendrilla Membranosa Against L929 Cell Line

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Joicy Abraham ◽  
Mahija S. P ◽  
Jency George ◽  
Manjusha W. A
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
L929 Cell ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Benzenedicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Sponge Extract ◽  
L929 Cell Line

Marine sponges are rich sources of pharmacological active compound. Marine sponge, Dendrilla membranosa was collected from the Vizhingam coast. The sponge extract was tested against eight human bacterial pathogens. The bioactive compounds present in marine sponge were determined by GC-MS analysis. The cytotoxic effect of the sponge was evaluated by using MTT assay. The extracts showed potent anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogens. The bioactive compound present in marine sponge was identified by GC-MS analysis and the compounds are ethane, butane, formate pentane, Alpha d-galactopyranoside, 2-Ethylhexyl2-ethylhexanoate, Hexahydro hexitol, Styrene, Alpha-d glucopyranoside 1-pentyl-2-proppyl-1-octene, nonadecane, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis-2, Octanoic acid. The test material showed none cytotoxic response to fibroblasts cells. The results of present investigation revealed that, Dendrilla membranosa is a potential source of novel anticancer and antibacterial leads.

scholarly journals Efikasi Vaksinasi pada Benih Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) dengan Metode Infiltrasi Hiperosmotik untuk Mencegah Infeksi Streptococcus agalactiae (THE EFFICACY OF VACCINATION ON TILAPIA SEEDS OF (Oreochromis niloticus) USING HYPEROSMOTIC INFILTRATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Putri Firdausi ◽  
Sukenda Sukenda ◽  
Sri Nuryati
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Antibody Level ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination on tilapia seedlings resulted from the vaccinated parent by hyperosmotic infiltration method at four different salinity to prevent Streptococcus agalactiae bacterial infection. A total of 100 seeds aged 20 days from the vaccinated mother were immersed in four different salinity: 0 ppt (control), 10 ppt, 20 ppt, and 30 ppt for five minutes, then removed and transferred into vaccine-containing containers for 30 minutes. Further maintenance was performed in freshwater aquariums and at days 10, 20, and 30 post vaccination, the immune system performance: Relative Percent Survival (RPS) after the challenge test, specific antibody level, and lysozyme was observed. The study was conducted using a complete randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the 10 ppt salinity treatment gave the best results compared to the others and control. The final RPS (10 ppt) value was 84.72%, 66.49%, and 47.06%, on the 10th, 20th, and 30thh days of vaccination, respectively. Specific antibody levels (10 ppt) were 0.077, 0.078, and 0.077 and lysozyme 0.092, 0.084, and 0.032 at days 10, 20, and 30 post vaccination, respectively. The value of RPS and specific antibody level at 10 ppt salinity was significantly different (P <0.05) compared to the other treatments, while the lysozyme treatment activity of 10 ppt was not significantly different compared to the 20 ppt treatment. Vaccination using 10 ppt saline hyperosmotic infiltration can improve the performance of the immune system by improving maternal immune protection against Streptococcus agalactiae infection.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Probiotik, Prebiotik dan Sinbiotik melalui Pakan untuk Meningkatkan Respon Imun dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus yang Diinfeksi Streptococcus agalactiae (Application of Probiotic, Prebiotic and Synbiotic through Feed for Increasing Immune Response and Survival Rate of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Infected by Streptococcus agalactiae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Widanarni Widanarni ◽  
Achmad Farouq ◽  
Munti Yuhana
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Study Test ◽  
Test Fish

In this study, fish feed supplemented by probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic were applied to enhance the immune response and survival rate of the fish against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Treatments used in this study, were as follows: feed containing 1% (v/v) of probiotic (C), feed containing 2% (v/v) of prebiotic (D) and feed containing mixed of 1% (v/v) of probiotic + 2% (v/v) of prebiotic (E, defined as synbiotic). Control fish (both positive, A; and negative, B; treatments) were fed by fish feed without containing neither probiotic nor prebiotic. In this study, test fish used monosex (all male) red tilapia with the average of body weight of 13,43±2,97 gram. The fish were fed by supplemented feed within first 30 days pre injection. After that, the treated fish were challenged by 109 CFU/ml of S. agalactiae. Nile tilapia fed by synbiotic (treatment E) had higher immune response (haemoglobin, neutrofil, and phagocyte indices) than control, but were not significantly different than those of treatment C, and D. After challenged test by S. agalactiae, treatment C, D and E resulted significantly higher resistance than that of control. The survival rate of fish fed by supplemented feed containing probiotic (C), prebiotic (D) and synbiotic (E) were 76%, 76% and 80%, respectively; higher than than positive control (50%). The results showed that addition of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic in fish feed could increase immune response and survival rate against S. agalactiae.Keywords : tilapia, probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, Streptococcus agalactiae

scholarly journals Penggunaan bakteri probiotik untuk pencegahan infeksi bakteri Streptococcus agalactiae pada ikan Nila, Oreochromis niloticus

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aisin Umasugi ◽  
Reiny A. Tumbol ◽  
Reni L. Kreckhoff ◽  
Henky Manoppo ◽  
Novie P.L. Pangemanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic on growth and survival of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. The test materials used were commercial probiotic bacteria and Streptococcus agalactiae. The probiotic bacteria were administered by mixing into the feed with a dose of 0 mL (without probiotics), 10 mL / kg of feed, 15 mL / kg of feed and 20 mL / kg of feed.  Feed was given 3 times a day at 08.00, 12.00 and 16.00 for 21 days. After that, the challenge test was done with Streptococcus  agalactiae bacteria by cohabitation. Bacteria with a density of 107 cells / mL were mixed into the water and allowed for 2 hours. The result showed that B treatment (10 mL / kg of feed) gave the best result with 93,33 percent of  survival rate. Statistical analysis showed that the survival of fish in treatments B, C and D was significantly different from treatment A (P <0.1). However, there was no significant difference between treatments B, C, and D. It was also found that the addition of probiotic in feed did not affect the growth of Nile tilapia (Orechromis niloticus). Keywords : Probiotic bacteria,  nile tilapia,  Streptococcus  agalactiae, growth,  infection

scholarly journals Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Spons Laut Callyspongia aerizusa terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Shigella dan Staphylococcus epidermidis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tifany T. Korompis ◽  
Christi D. Mambo ◽  
Edward Nangoy
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Sponge Extract

Abstract: Callyspongia sp. is a kind of marine sponges that produces secondary metabolites, such as steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids which can be used as antibacterial agents. This study was aimed to determine the inhibition activity of Callyspongia aerizusa marine sponge extract against the growth of Shigella and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. This was an experimental laboratory study. Inhibition activity was tested by using the modified Kirby-Bauer method. The inhibition zones formed by the marine sponge extract were measured. The results showed that the inhibition zones of marine sponge extract against Shigella bacteria was 6.1 mm and against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria was 6.6 mm. Conclusion: Callyspongia aerizusa extract had moderate inhibition activity against the growth of Shigella and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.Keywords: inhibition test, Callyspongia aerizusa, Shigella, Staphylococcus epidermidis Abstrak: Callyspongia sp. merupakan salah satu jenis spons laut yang menghasilkan metabolit sekunder berupa steroid, alkaloid, flavonoid, dan terpenoid yang bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya daya hambat dari ekstrak spons laut Callyspongia aerizusa terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Shigella dan Staphylococcus epidermidis. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorik. Uji daya hambat dengan metode Kirby-Bauer yang dimodifikasi menggunakan sumuran untuk mengukur zona hambat yang terbentuk oleh ekstrak spons laut Callyspongia aerizusa. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan zona hambat yang terbentuk pada bakteri Shigella sebesar 6,1 mm dan pada bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis sebesar 6,6 mm. Simpulan: Ekstrak spons laut Callyspongia aerizusa memiliki daya hambat sedang terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Shigella dan Staphylococcus epidermidis.Kata kunci: uji daya hambat, Callyspongia aerizusa, Shigella, Staphylococcus epidermidis

scholarly journals Effectiveness of extract Songga wood (Strychnos lucida) towards survival and antibody titers on Tilapia (Oreocromis niloticus) that infected Streptococcus agalactiae

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Anis Zubaidah ◽  
Sri Samsundari ◽  
Vivi Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Wood Extract

Nile Tilapia or Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of commodity with a high number of consumers. But, Streptococcus agalactiae attack caused a decline in production. One way to reduce these diseases by using natural materials of songga wood (Strychnos lucida R.Br) where the songga wood contains many compounds like alkaloid, phenols, flavonoids, triterpenoids, which can inhibit bacterial growth by damaged cell membrane. The results showed that the inhibitory songga wood extract against Streptococcus agalactiae was highly significant, and shows with the highest survival rate of 90% and proved by theincreasingantibodytitersafteraddingsonggawood extract.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Sintasan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) yang diberi Kombinasi Pakan Buatan Dari Tepung Cacing Tanah (Pheretima sp.) dan Alga Coklat (Sargassum spp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilyadi Edstiv Bagayo, Junardi, Tri Rima Setyawati
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Freshwater Aquaculture ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

The potential for freshwater aquaculture in West Kalimantan is still high, including one of them is the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal growth and best survival rate by a combination of Fish, Earthworm Pheretima sp. and Brown seaweed Sargassum spp flour. The method used is Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and five replications. The result showed that treatments with > 60% plant raw materials shows the best resulting not only growth but also survival rate. Feed with a combination of these raw materials showed an allometric positive growth pattern.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Streptococcus agalactiae bacterial vaccine with different coatings for increasing the immunity system on nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Ricko Reynalta ◽  
Munti Yuhana ◽  
Angela Mariana Lusiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Chitosan Coating ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

Vaccination is one of the most effective control measure in preventing Streptococcus agalactiae infection. In this study, vaccine coatings were prepared with certain biomaterials such as chitosan, skim milk, and maltodextrin at concentration 1 % or 10 %, and further freeze-dried. Vaccine selected (in vitro) by tests: viability cell, solubility, protein concentration and protein molecular weight. The result of in vitro test showed that chitosan coating at doses 1 % and 10 % were the best in solubility and protein concentration test. Vaccine coated with chitosan was administrated again by injection (in vivo) in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) before challenged by S. agalactiae. This test consists of six treatments and three replications, i.e. the fish were injected with liquid vaccine (A), Phospat Buffered Saline (PBS) (B), vaccine with chitosan coating 1 % (C), vaccine with chitosan coating 10 % (D), chitosan 1 % (E), and chitosan 10 % (F). Parameters were observed including survival rate, relative percent survival (RPS), antibody titre, and total leucocyte. The results showed that treatment C showed a significant difference (P < 0,05) in survival rate 92.22 ± 3.85 %, RPS 85.21 ± 7.20 %, and antibody titre highest result, but not significant (P > 0,05) to increase total leukocyte in experimental fish against S. agalactiae infection. In conclusion, vaccine freeze dry with chitosan coated 1 % is effective to improve immunity system of nile tilapia.

The effect of vaccination in controling bacterial disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2014 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Arne A Ratulangi ◽  
Reiny Tumbol ◽  
Hengky Manoppo ◽  
Henneke Pangkey
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia

This study aims to apply vaccination against bacterial disease. The purpose of vaccination is to trigger the immune respone both non-specific and specific of fish against bacteria Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. The vaccination for fish with different ages: 2-3 weeks and 5 weeks were done using immersion method. The fish were re-vaccinated (booster) after two weeks of the first vaccination. The survival rate was < 50 % for juveniles 2-3 weeks and > 50% for juveniles 5 weeks. Survival rate for juveniles 5 weeks was higher than juveniles of 2-3 weeks. This shows that organs of juveniles of 5 weeks were more complete than the 2-3 weeks juveniles. The age of fish is one of the important factors for successfully vaccination. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penerapan vaksinasi terhadap penyakit bakterial. Vaksinasi ditujukan untuk merangsang respon kekebalan non- spesifik dan spesifik pada tubuh ikan terhadap penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Vaksin diberikan pada benih ikan nila yang berbeda umur yaitu 2-3 minggu dan 5 minggu dengan menggunakan metode perendaman. Ikan divaksinasi ulang (booster) setelah 2 (dua) minggu dari vaksinasi yang pertama. Prosentase kelangsungan hidup < 50 % untuk benih umur 2-3 minggu dan > 50% untuk benih umur 5 minggu. Jumlah kematian benih umur 2-3 minggu lebih tinggi dari 5 minggu. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa fungsi organ benih umur 5 minggu telah lebih lengkap dari pada benih umur 2-3 minggu. Umur ikan merupakan salah satu faktor penting penentu keberhasilan suatu kegiatan vaksinasi.

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