scholarly journals AGROECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF SEED INOCULATION WITH BACTERIAL FERTILIZERS AND COMPLEX MICRO-ELEMENT FERTILIZERS IN RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY OF GROWING HUNGARIAN CLOVER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.А. Кшникаткин ◽  
Н.А. Карпов
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Maximum Parameters ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

Представлены результаты исследований влияния бактериальных препаратов и ком­плексных удобрений с микроэлементами в хелатной форме на формирование параметров фотосинтеза, симбиотической активности и продуктивности клевера паннонского сорта АНИК. Установлено, что инокуляция семян биопрепаратами ассоциативной группы и комплексными удобрениями с микроэлементами в хелатной форме активизировали ростовые, формообразовательные процессы, симбиотическую и фотосинтетическую деятельность растений клевера паннонского. Количество и масса активных клубеньков по отношению к контролю увеличилась соответственно на 29,2-167,6 млн. шт./га и 77,7-564,1 кг/га. Максимальные параметры симбиоза агроценоза клевера паннонского (активных клубеньков 221,8 млн. шт./га с массой 893,7 кг/га) сформировались при инокуляции семян клевера биопрепаратом Гумариз совместно с кремнийсодержащим препаратом НаноКремний. Площадь листьев агроценозов клевера паннонского первого года использования в среднем за два года по вариантам опыта составила 37,6-53,6 тыс. м2/га в сравнении с контролем увеличилась в 1,3-1,9 раза. Наибольшие показатели листовой поверхности клевера 53,6 тыс. м2/га отмечены при комплексной обработке семян Гумаризом совместно с препаратом НаноКремний, контроль – 28,7 тыс. м2/га. В среднем за два года сбор сухого вещества клевера паннонского первого года пользования по вариантам опыта составил 7,29-12,48 т/га, кормовых единиц – 5,25-9,05 т/га, переваримого протеина – 0,8-1,39 т/га, обменной энергии – 58,69-100,47 ГДж. Наибольшая продуктивность клевера паннонского получена при инокуляции семян биопрепаратом Гумариз совместно с препаратом НаноКремний: сухого вещества – 12,48 т/га, кормовых единиц – 9,05 т/га, переваримого протеина – 1,39 т/га; урожайность семян клевера составила 786,8 кг/га, что в 2,2 раза превышает показатели контроля; рентабельность при возделывании на семена – 187,3 %, на кормовые цели – 149,6 %, коэффициент энергетической эффективности – 2,24 и 1,89 ед. The results of studies of the effect of bacterial and complex fertilizers with microelements in chelated form on the formation of the parameters of photosynthesis, symbiotic activity, and productivity of Hungarian clover of the ANIK variety are presented. It was found that inoculation of seeds with biologics of the associative group and complex fertilizers with microelements in chelated form activated growth, morphogenesis, the symbiotic and photosynthetic activity of Pannonian clover plants. The number and weight of active nodules in relation to the control increased by 29.2-167.6 million units/ha and 77.7-564.1 kg/ha, respectively. The maximum parameters of the symbiosis of agrocenosis of Hungarian clover (active nodules - 221.8 million pcs/ha with a mass of 893.7 kg/ha) were formed during the inoculation of clover seeds with the biological fertilizer Gumariz together with the silicon-containing preparation NanoKremny. The leaf area of Hungarian clover agrocoenoses of the first year of use amounted on average to 37.6-53.6 thousand m2/ha for two years according to the experimental variants. In comparison with the control, it increased by 1.3-1.9 times. The highest indices of the clover leaf surface (53.6 thousand m2/ha) were observed during the integrated treatment of seeds with Gumariz together with NanoKremny, in the control - 28.7 thousand m2/ha. On average, over two years, the collection of dry matter of Hungarian clover of the first year of use according to the experimental variants amounted to 7.29-12.48 t/ha, of feed units - 5.25-9.05 t/ha, of digestible protein - 0.8 -1.39 t/ha, of exchange energy - 58.69-100.47 GJ. The highest productivity of Hungarian clover was obtained by inoculating seeds with the Gumariz biological product together with the NanoKremny preparation: dry matter - 12.48 t/ha, feed units - 9.05 t/ha, digestible protein - 1.39 t/ha; the yield of clover seeds was 786.8 kg/ha, which was 2.2 times higher than the control indicators; profitability when cultivating for seeds - 187.3 %, for fodder purposes - 149.6 %, energy efficiency coefficient - 2.24 and 1.89 units.

scholarly journals Biological products of the associative group in adaptive technology of cultivation of Scarlet amaranth and Poterium polygama in the conditions of forest steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Anna Nikolaevna Kshnikatkina ◽  
Elena Aleksandrovna Zueva ◽  
Inna Aleksandrovna Voronova ◽  
Anna Anatolyevna Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
First Year ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
The Third ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Second Year

In the course of studies, it was found that taking inoculation of Scarlet amaranth and Poterium polygama seeds with biologics has a positive effect on the formation of photosynthesis parameters. In amaranth agrocenoses during the panicle sweeping phase, the leaf surface area was significantly higher when seeds were inoculated with biological products than in the control variant for Kizlyarets cultivar by 23.1-36.3% and Valentina cultivar by 23.8-38.0%, the most effective the method was exogenous seed treatment with agric. The maximum parameters of photosynthesis were noted during seed maturation. So, on average for three years of research, the leaf area of the Kizlyarets variety was 64.1 and the Valentine variety 62.3 thousand m2 / ha, the photosynthetic potential, respectively, was 2.05 and 1.98 million m2 days / ha, the net productivity of photosynthesis - 8.56 and 7.66 g / m2 per day. The most intensive increase in the leaf area in the crops of the blackhead was noted in the budding phase, according to the experimental variants, it amounted to 40.8-45.3 thousand m2 / ha in the first year of use, and 41.9-46.8 thousand m2 in the second year of use / ha, in the third year of use - 42.8-47.4 thousand m2 / ha On average, over three years the largest collection of dry matter (6.9 t / ha), feed units (9.1 t / ha), digestible protein (1.45 t / ha) and metabolic energy (81.6 GJ) were obtained from Kizlyarets varieties when inoculating seeds with Agrika biological product. At the same time, the highest seed yield was obtained (1.31 t / ha), which is 2.39 times higher than the control variant and 1.44 times higher than the Valentina variety. Optimization of the plant’s mineral nutrition by seed inoculation with associative bacterial preparations provided for an increase in the productivity of the polygamous monofil. The yield of green mass of the Poterium polygama of the first year of use for an average of three years according to the experimental options was 28.5–31.8 t / ha, collection of dry matter – 7.3–8.2 t / ha, feed units – 4.36–4.87 t / ha, digestible protein - 0.56–0.65 t / ha, exchange energy - 88.7–99.6 GJ. The highest productivity of the blackhead was when treating seeds with Agrika with microelements together with Azotobacter: green mass - 31.8 t / ha, dry matter collection - 8.2 t / ha, feed units - 4.87 t / ha, digestible protein – 0.65 t / ha, exchange energy - 99.6 GJ, which significantly exceeds the performance of the control option. The treatment of seeds with biologics provided an increase in the seed productivity of the polygonidae by 91.7–223.1 kg / ha (10.1–24.6%). The highest seed yield in the first year of use is 1130.1 kg / ha, the second year of use is 1258.9 kg / ha, the third year of use is 1268.3 kg / ha, which significantly exceeds the control indicators by 27.3% and 27.8% was obtained during bacterization of seeds with Agrika, enriched with microelements and together with Azotobacter.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of white lupine plants depending on growing technology and hydrothermal conditions

1970 ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
A.V. Holodna ◽  
O.O. Stolyar ◽  
H.H. Remez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Growth Stimulator ◽  
White Lupine

Purpose. Intensification of photosynthetic activity of white lupine plants in order to increase the grain yield by applying a fungicide, growth stimulator of plants of biological origin and foliar fertilization of crops with micronutrients in the critical periods of the growing season. Methods. Field (to study the interaction of the object of study with biotic and abiotic factors); morphophysiological (for biological control over the development of productivity elements by stages of organogenesis); weight (to establish the parameters of the crop structure elements and determine the yield of grain); statistical (statistical processing of the research results). Results. The results of the research on the influence of biological preparations, in particular fungicide and plant growth stimulator, as well as foliar feeding with microfertilizers in chelated form in different stages of organogenesis, on leaf surface formation and dry matter accumulation by the Chabansky variety white lupine plants are presented. Correlations have been established between the level of those indicators and the average daily air temperatures and the amount of precipitation during the growing season. Conclusions. To maximize the genetic potential of the Chaban lupine variety, the technology of its cultivation should include sowing seeds treated with bioinoculant in combination with a bioprotector, application of a biostimulator of plant growth and development and foliar fertilization of plants with microfertilizer at the second stage of organogenesis. Formation of the leaf surface of white lupine plants and their accumulation of dry matter are significantly influenced by weather conditions during April-July.

scholarly journals PHOTOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF PLANTS AND WHEAT YIELD, CULTIVATED OF SEEDS ON DIFFERENT NUTRITION BACKGROUND IN THE CONDITIONS OF GRAY FOREST SOILS OF KAMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Игорь Сержанов ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Фарит Шайхутдинов ◽  
Farit Shaykhutdinov ◽  
Азат Ганиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Biological Substance

The results of a study on the effect of seeds, grown on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition on the photosynthetic activity of plants and the yield of of spring wheat grain of “Yoldyz” variety are considered. The collection of the dry biological substance of spring wheat plants, grown from seeds on fertilized variants of the experiment, was above the control to 0.71-1.07 g. The collection of organic dry matter is directly related to the increase in the assimilating leaf surface of the offspring from the fertilized backgrounds.

A comparison of biosuper and superphosphate on a sandy soil in the monsoonal tropics of north Queensland

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (78) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Jones ◽  
JBF Field
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Townsville Stylo ◽  
Biological Fertilizer

Biosuper, a biological fertilizer consisting of rock phosphate, elemental sulphur and an inoculum of sulphur-oxidising thiobacilli was compared with superphosphate as a source of phosphorus for Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis) pastures on a deep sandy soil in Cape York Peninsula. The fertilizers were applied in the first year only, at rates varying between 24 and 84 kg of phosphorus ha-1. Harvests were made at the end of the first, second, and third growing seasons. Biosuper tended to be inferior to superphosphate in the first year with respect to dry matter and phosphorus yields, but over the three-year period the two fertilizers gave comparable results. At the higher rates of application, biosuper gave higher yields of sulphur ha-1, presumably because of its higher sulphur content and greater resistance to leaching then superphosphate. Under the conditions of the experiment (i.e. without maintenance dressings of phosphorus and sulphur) biosuper compared quite favourably with superphosphate and, for example, gave 3-year yields of 14,000 kg dry matter ha-1 at the lowest rate of application (24 kgP ha-1).

FEATURES OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF ANCIENT AND MODERN VARIETIES OF WINTER RYE

1970 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
A. A. Torop ◽  
V. V. Chaykin ◽  
E. A. Torop ◽  
I. S. Brailova ◽  
S. A. Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Productivity Potential

We compared peculiarities of the production process of the older and modern(created 80 years after) sorts of winter rye. It is determined that the specific coenotic productivity of a modern sort is 60.6% higher.This increase is due to higher number of productive sprouts per unit area and higher sprout weight. The coenosis of modern sorts is highly resistant to lodging. The modern sort has a 33.5% higher leaf surface index and a 17.7% higher share of the leaves in the upper tier, differing in their erectile orientation in space. As for the content of total chlorophyll in the dry matter of leaves and vagina, the modern sort is inferior to the older by 30.2%during theearing period, and by 17.5%during the milky-wax ripeness period.As for the content of total chlorophyll in the sowing area, the compared sorts were practically the same, but the ratio between chlorophyll a and c was noticeably different. As for the chlorophyll content in stems, in dry matter and in the area of ​​sowing, the modern sort is inferior by1.5 times and more to the older in both observation terms. The sorts differed in the biomass accumulation and its distribution between the parts during the vegetation period. To establish the ear productivity, the older sort used only the current photosynthesis products.In conditions of an unfavorable growth year, the modern sort used previously accumulated by leaves and re-utilized assimilates. The actual and potential productivity of an ear in a modern sort is higher by 77.4 and 68.0%, respectively, but the degree of its vegetative mass supply is lower by 48.6%.Only due to the higher, by 77.4%, utilization of the mass of the sprout, the modern sort binds a greater number of grains in the ear with a higherseparate mass.Since the sharp increase in the ear productivity potential was not accompanied by the same growth of the sprout vegetative mass, the modern sort, in unfavorable conditions for growth, has tensions in the relation system between the sprout vegetative mass and pouring grain. This may be the reason of the unstable achievedyield level.

Agricultural practices of improve hardiness a winter-annual rape

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (91) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
O.L. Kyrylesko
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Winter Rape ◽  
Output Capacity ◽  
Careful Preparation ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Selection Of

Influence of top-dressing is considered in the article, norms and terms of sowing on of winter-annual rape. The assessment conducted by the yield of green mass and seeds, output capacity by about 1 hectare of dry matter, feed units and digestible protein, the number of dead plants and density of herbage. Established that hardiness and productivity of winter rape can be enhanced through the use of farming practices as: by creating a moderate density of herbage, using optimal terms of planting and doses of mineral fertilizers, selection of predecessors and careful preparation of the soil ect. The mechanism of influence of agrotechnical receptions is exposed on of winter-annual rape through determination in roots before the offensive of the winter of separate biochemical indexes (sugar, starch, to protein).

scholarly journals Influence of increasing doses of nitrogen on feed productivity of perennial grasses

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vasil'evna Ivanova ◽  
Olga Vasil'evna Kurdakova ◽  
Aminat Msostovna Konova ◽  
Anna Yurievna Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
The State ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
State Register ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Year Of Life

In the course of the experiment, the effect of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield of clover of the meadow variety Nadezhny, entered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in 2012, was analyzed. A comparison is also made of this influence with the timothy of the meadow variety Leningradskaya 204. It was established that the pre-sowing introduction of mineral nitrogen for clover and timothy has influenced the productivity of these crops, but the nature of this effect varies depending on the type of grass. The introduction of N20 against the background of P30K90, which provided an increase in control of 51.2% for green mass and 33.6% for air-dry matter, was optimal for meadow clover of the first year of life. For grassland clover second year of life, the best option was N0P30K90, which gave an increase of 56.6% to the control on green mass and 50.6% on air-dry matter. A further increase in the dose of nitrogen on the options caused a decrease in yield increase. Timothy meadow for two years of life was traced responsiveness to the provision of nitrogen. The most productive in all respects was the option N120P30K90.    

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF PERENNIAL GRASSES AND MIXTURES WITH DIFFERENT SOWING DATES IN WESTERN SIBERIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
V. A. Petruk
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Sowing Period

The results of field studies for 2017 - 2019 are presented. yields of perennial grasses sown at different times of the growing season. Spring, summer, and winter sowing periods were compared. Alfalfa, clover, rump, and also their mixtures were sown in 2017 under the cover of barley. The value of the cover crop yield of spring and summer sowing periods did not differ significantly and amounted to 4-5 t / ha of absolutely dry matter. Winter barley crops have not formed. On average, over 2 years of use, the highest yields were observed in alfalfa-crust grass mixtures - 3.4 t / ha of absolutely dry matter. The lowest yield was obtained in the single-species seeding of the rump. Correspondingly, in the spring, summer and winter periods of sowing, the yield of rump was 1.6; 1.1 and 1.3 t / ha. With a late sowing period, the yield of perennial grasses is significantly lower compared to spring and summer. With winter sowing periods, the yield was the highest for grass stands of alfalfa and alfalfacrust grass mixture - 2.3 and 2.4 t / ha. It should be noted that in the second year of use, the yield by the sowing dates in single-species crops and grass mixtures is leveled. The winter crops of perennial grasses in the first year of use formed a low yield. Only in the second year (third year of life) the productivity of perennial grasses of winter sowing began to increase. Consequently, in the area under perennial grasses of the winter sowing period, during one growing season (the next year after sowing), the crop was not actually formed. Based on the data obtained, production can be recommended for spring and summer planting of perennial grasses under the cover of barley. The winter sowing period provides economically valuable crop yields only by the third year of life.

scholarly journals Влияние элементов технологии возделывания винограда на урожай и КПД ФАР клона 337 сорта Каберне-Совиньон в условиях Западного предгорно-приморского района Крыма

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Alexander Dikan ◽  
Domnica Kashirina ◽  
Irina Ryff
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Strong Linear Correlation ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

Приводятся результаты трехлетних исследований по клону 337 сорта Каберне-Совиньон в Западном предгорно-приморском районе Крыма. Показано влияние различной нагрузки на куст (11, 17 и 22 глазка) и зеленых операций (чеканка побегов, нормирование урожая, удаление листьев в зоне гроздей с восточной стороны) на величину урожая и коэффициент полезного действия (КПД) фотосинтетически активной радиации (ФАР). Установлено, что максимальная величина КПД ФАР была 0,52% при нагрузке на куст в две лозы плодоношения без последующих зеленых операций. Изменение КПД ФАР на 93,4% зависит от изменения площади листовой поверхности куста. Между КПД ФАР и урожаем винограда с куста существует сильная линейная корреляционная связь и регрессионная зависимость. Изменение массы урожая винограда с куста на 99,9% зависит от изменения площади листовой поверхности куста и КПД ФАР. Увеличенная нагрузка до 17-22 глазков при обрезке будет способствовать наиболее рациональному использованию ресурсов продуктивности кустов клона 337 сорта Каберне-Совиньон в Западном предгорно-приморском районе Крыма.The paper summarizes results of a three-year study on clone 337 of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ cultivar in the western piedmont-coastal region of Crimea. The paper demonstrates the influence of various bush loads (11, 17 and 22 eyes) and green operations (shoot trimming, harvest regulation, leaf removal in the bunch area on the eastern side) on the yield size and efficiency coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation. It was found that the maximum efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation made 0.52% with the bush load of two fruiting canes without subsequent green operations. The 93.4% variance of the efficiency coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation is dependent on leaf surface area variations of the bush. There is a strong linear correlation and regressional relationship between the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation and the yield of grapes per bush. The 99.9% increase of the yield per bush weight depends on the change in the leaf surface area of the bush and the efficiency coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation. Increasing the load up to 17-22 buds when pruning will contribute to the most rational use of bush productivity resources of clone 337 of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ in the western piedmont-coastal region of Crimea.

scholarly journals Effect of biostimulants on dry matter accumulation and gas exchange in plantain plants (Musa AAB)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
Diana Mateus-Cagua ◽  
Gustavo Rodríguez-Yzquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Positive Effect

Biostimulants can potentially improve plant growth and development, modifying physiological processes. This study evaluated the effect of four biostimulants on the growth of ‘Hartón’ plantain plants and the leaf gas exchange during the vegetative phase. This experiment was developed on a plantain farm’s nursery in Fuente de Oro (Colombia) with a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The treatments were the biostimulants: Bactox WP®: Bacillus subtilis (Bs); Baliente®: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Ba); Tierra Diatomeas®: silicon dioxide (Si); Re-Leaf®: salicylic acid (SA) and the control (water). All products had a positive effect on the accumulation of total dry matter (DM) (between 58.4 and 21.9%) and on the photosynthetic activity (a maximum of 110 and 24.3% in first and second evaluation), as compared to the control, while no differences were found (P>0.05) for the foliar emission rate and chlorophyll content between the treatments. The plants treated with Bs had the greatest DM accumulation at the end of the study and a constant, high photosynthetic activity. All the while Bs, Ba and Si managed to stimulate greater early photosynthetic activity. According to the results, the use of these biostimulants during the vegetative phase had an effect on the physiological processes that enhance DM accumulation in plantain plants, which could be potentially useful for the transplanting stage and increase the reserves used during their establishment and development in the field.

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