scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Spirulina terhadap Antikanker

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Ayu Darma Putri ◽  
Icha Putri Winata
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Filamentous Cyanobacterium ◽  
Steroid Saponin ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Chemopreventive Activity ◽  
Cancer Inhibition

Spirulina adalah cyanobacterium mikroskopik berfilamen, mengandung bahan yang bermanfaat bagi manusia antara lain alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponin, dan senyawa aktif piperidinone, piperidine, hexadecanenitrile yang merupakan zat dengan aktivitas kemopreventif kanker yang poten. Zat ini mampu menginduksi apoptosis dengan menimbulkan fragmentasi DNA dan kondensasi nucleus dan juga memiliki kemampuan untuk menurunkan regulasi protein anti apoptosis dan meningkatkan regulasi protein proapoptosi. Tujuan literature review ini untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak spirulina terhadap antikanker. Penulisan ini menggunakan metode studi literature review. Sumber pustaka yang digunakan dalam penyusunan literature ini menggunakan buku pedoman terkait ilmu karsinogenesis dan manfaat ekstrak spirulina yang menggunakan penelitian-penelitian terbaru dengan proses pencarian model artikel database yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2005 sampai dengan tahun 2019. Berbagai penelitian eksperimental menunjukan bahwa spirulina memiliki efek antikanker. Ekstrak kasar Spirulina memiliki komponen aktif alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, saponin, dan senyawa aktif piperidinone, piperidine, hexadecanenitrile merupakan komponen golongan senyawa alkaloid yang berperan dalam penghambatan kanker.   Kata kunci: spirulina, manusia, antikanker   THE EFFECTS OF SPIRULINA EXTRACT ON ANTICENCER   ABSTRACT Spirulina is a microscopic filamentous cyanobacterium, containing substances that are beneficial to humans including alkaloid, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, and active compounds of piperidinone, piperidine, hexadecanenitrile which are substances with potent cancer chemopreventive activity. This substance is able to induce apoptosis by causing DNA fragmentation and nucleus condensation and also has the ability to decrease the regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins and increase the regulation of proapoptotic proteins. The purpose of this review literature is to determine the effect of spirulina extract on anticancer. Method: This writing uses the literature review study method. Literature sources used are manuals related to the science of carcinogenesis and the benefits of spirulina extract from recent studies with the process of searching for database articles published in 2005 to 2019. Results: Various experimental studies have shown that spirulina has an anticancer effect. Discussion: Spirulina crude extract has active components of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, and the active compounds piperidinone, piperidine, hexadecanenitrile are components of alkaloid compounds that play a role in cancer inhibition.   Keywords:  spirulina, anticancer

scholarly journals Active Components and Pharmacological Effects of Cornus officinalis: Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Gao ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Zhichao An ◽  
Jian Ni
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Cornus Officinalis ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. (Shanzhuyu), a herb and food plant in east Asia, has the properties of tonifying the liver and kidney, and nourishing the essence according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. C. officinalis has been commonly used to treat asthenia diseases, liver, and kidney diseases, and reproductive system diseases since ancient times. The objectives of this article were to review the pharmacological effects and phytochemistry of C. officinalis. We conducted a literature review of the pharmacological effects of C. officinalis by different systems and compared the effects with the traditional usages, discussed the research status and potential blanks to be filled. The experimental studies showed that C. officinalis extract and its active components had various pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-osteoporosis, immunoregulation, neuroprotection, and cardiovascular protection, but clinical studies are still needed to assess whether the reported pharmacological activities have confirmed efficacy.

scholarly journals Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia Steenis) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus mutans

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Geraldo Y. Aruperes ◽  
Damajanty H. C. Pangemanan ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Herbal Plants ◽  
Review Study

Abstract: Herbal plants in Indonesia have been widely used as ingredients in traditional medicine; one of them is binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia Steenis). Binahong has roots, tubers, stems, flowers, and leaves that contain active compounds, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and saponins. The active compounds of flavonoids can act directly as antibiotics by interfering with the function of microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Binahong also contains active antimicrobials that can be used to prevent bacterial growth. This study was aimed to determine the inhibition effect of binahong leaf extract (Anredera cardifolia Ssteenis) against the growth of Streptococcus mutans. This was a literature review study by searching databases of Google Scholar and Pubmed. The keywords used were Binahong leaf (Anredera Cordifolia Steenis), Streptococcus mutans. After being selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 experimental literatures were obtained. The results showed that as many as 10 literatures stated that binahong leaf extract could inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans depending on the amount of binahong leaf extract given. In conclusion, binahong leaf extract has the ability to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans which depends on the amount of the leaf extract.Keywords: binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia Steenis); Streptococcus mutans Abstrak: Tanaman herbal di Indonesia telah banyak digunakan sebagai bahan obat tradisional, salah satunya ialah tanaman binahong (Anredera cordifolia Steenis). Binahong memiliki akar, umbi, batang, bunga, daun yang mengandung senyawa aktif yaitu flavonoid, alkanoid, terpenoid dan saponin. Senyawa aktif flavonoid dapat berperan langsung sebagai antibiotik dengan menggangu fungsi mikroorganisme seperti bakteri dan virus. Binahong juga mengandung antimikroba yang aktif sehingga dapat digunakan dalam mencegah pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cardifolia Steenis) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptoccocus mutans. Jenis penelitian ini suatu literature review. Pencarian data menggunakan database Google Scholar dan Pubmed dengan kata kunci yaitu daun Binahong (Anredera Cordifolia Steenis), Streptococcus mutans. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan 10 literatur eksperimental yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ke 10 literatur tersebut menyatakan ekstrak daun binahong memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans, dan daya hambatnya tergantung dari banyaknya ekstrak daun binahong yang diberikan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak daun binahong mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans yang dipengaruhi oleh banyaknya ekstrak daun tersebut.Kata kunci: daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia Steenis); Streptococcus mutans

An empirical review of gambling expansion and gambling-related harm

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 295-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debi A. LaPlante ◽  
Heather M. Gray ◽  
Pat M. Williams ◽  
Sarah E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Related Harm

Abstract. Aims: To discuss and review the latest research related to gambling expansion. Method: We completed a literature review and empirical comparison of peer reviewed findings related to gambling expansion and subsequent gambling-related changes among the population. Results: Although gambling expansion is associated with changes in gambling and gambling-related problems, empirical studies suggest that these effects are mixed and the available literature is limited. For example, the peer review literature suggests that most post-expansion gambling outcomes (i. e., 22 of 34 possible expansion outcomes; 64.7 %) indicate no observable change or a decrease in gambling outcomes, and a minority (i. e., 12 of 34 possible expansion outcomes; 35.3 %) indicate an increase in gambling outcomes. Conclusions: Empirical data related to gambling expansion suggests that its effects are more complex than frequently considered; however, evidence-based intervention might help prepare jurisdictions to deal with potential consequences. Jurisdictions can develop and evaluate responsible gambling programs to try to mitigate the impacts of expanded gambling.

The Impact of Classroom Chatter Noise on Comprehension: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 003151252110059
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Lamotte ◽  
Aziz Essadek ◽  
Gérard Shadili ◽  
Jean-Michel Perez ◽  
Julien Raft
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Student Comprehension ◽  
The Impact

Communication through discussion and conversations is fundamental to human life; but when such discourse escapes the control of a teacher in the classroom, it becomes little more than chatter. This noise challenges teaching methods and the teaching stance with students. Yet, its impact on comprehension has rarely been studied. The aim of this literature review was to examine the research on the impact of classroom noise generated by chatter on students’ comprehension performance. We adopted the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metanalysis) guidelines to examine this literature. This review covered a 10-year period (papers written between 2009 and 2019), with nine experimental studies selected from the 2,954 papers screened. In 89% of these nine studies, there were significant comprehension differences on all tests, revealed when comprehension took place in a noisy environment due to chatter. This review indicated an essential need for a field survey to better understand the impact of chatter on comprehension. Other studies are recommended to highlight any correlation between measured chatter and student comprehension in a real classroom environment.

scholarly journals Potential mechanisms of Guizhi decoction against hypertension based on network pharmacology and Dahl salt-sensitive rat model

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiye Chen ◽  
Yongjian Zhang ◽  
Yongcheng Wang ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Guofeng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Guizhi Decoction

Abstract Background Guizhi decoction (GZD), a classical Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used to treat hypertension, but its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The present study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms and therapeutic effects of GZD on hypertension by integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation. Methods The active ingredients and corresponding targets were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The targets related to hypertension were identified from the CTD, GeneCards, OMIM and Drugbank databases. Multiple networks were constructed to identify the key compounds, hub targets, and main biological processes and pathways of GZD against hypertension. The Surflex-Dock software was used to validate the binding affinity between key targets and their corresponding active compounds. The Dahl salt-sensitive rat model was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of GZD against hypertension. Results A total of 112 active ingredients, 222 targets of GZD and 341 hypertension-related targets were obtained. Furthermore, 56 overlapping targets were identified, five of which were determined as the hub targets for experimental verification, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), C–C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2), IL-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), and MMP-9. Pathway enrichment analysis results indicated that 56 overlapping targets were mainly enriched in several inflammation pathways such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed that most active compounds of GZD could bind tightly to the key targets. Experimental studies revealed that the administration of GZD improved blood pressure, reduced the area of cardiac fibrosis, and inhibited the expression of IL-6, CCL2, IL-1β, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in rats. Conclusion The potential mechanisms and therapeutic effects of GZD on hypertension may be attributed to the regulation of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.

scholarly journals LITERATURE REVIEW : GAMBARAN KEPUASAN PASIEN DALAM PELAYANAN KEPERAWATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Aries Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Google Scholar

Belum meratanya distribusi ketenagaan yang berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan  menjadi permasalahan tersendiri. Sebagian besar institusi pelayanan di Indonesia juga  belum mengembangkan jenjang karir perawat, sehingga pola penghargaan dan kesejahteraan tenaga keperawatan akan berpengaruh pada kinerja. Pelayanan keperawatan sebagai pemberi jasa pelayanan kesehatan sehingga kepuasan merupakan tujuan utama dalam memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas. Penelitian dari literatur review ini bertujuan untuk Menjelaskan Gambaran Kepuasan Pelayanan Keperawatan berdasarkan hasil review literature. Penelitian ini menggunakan Study Literatur review. Literatur yang didapatkan dari menggunakan PubMed,Google Scholar dan 10 literatur review dilakukan analisa PICO. Hasil yang dikumpulkan menunjukkan bahwa dari 10 litertur review didapatkan adanya hasil 7 jurnal (70%) pasien kurang puas dan hanya 3 jurnal (30%) pasien puas terhadap pelayanan keperawatan berdasarkan standar IKM RS. Kepuasan Pasien dalam Pelayanan Keperawatan dari berbagai hasil literatur review penelitian didapatkan bahwa Mayoritas menyatakan Kurang Puas terhadap Pelayanan Keperawatan.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Kedelai terhadap Sistem Reproduksi

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Rizky Aprilia Wikayanti ◽  
Andre Parmonangan Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Free Concentration ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Lh Secretion

Kedelai merupakan tanaman Leguminoceae, yang mengandung senyawa isoflavon. Struktur kimianya menyerupai 17β-estradiol yang memiliki kemampuan untuk berikatan dengan reseptor estrogen yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap sistem reproduksi manusia. Tujuan literatur review ini untuk mengetahui efek kedelai terhadap sistem reproduksi manusia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode literatur review dari 50 artikel PubMed NCBI, Elsevier dan BMJ Journal yang diperoleh hanya 38 artikel yang digumakan dari tahun 2000 sampai dengan tahun 2018. Berbagai penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kedelai memiliki efek terhadap sistem reproduksi manusia. Kedelai dapat menyebabkan sekresi FSH, sekresi LH menurun dan meningkatkan konsentrasi estradiol bebas. Penurunan FSH dan LH dapat menyebabkan gangguan dalam siklus menstruasi terutama pada fase folikular dan  ovulasi, jika fase folikular terganggu maka siklus menstruasi akan menjadi  tidak teratur. Selain itu fitoestrogen yang terkandung dalam kedelai diketahui dapat menghambat 17-β hidroksisteroidoksidoreduktase sehingga mengakibatkan penurunan kadar testosteron.   Kata kunci: kedelai, manusia, reproduksi   THE ROLE OF SOYBEAN FOR REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM   ABSTRACT Soybean is a Leguminoceae plant, which contains isoflavone compounds. Its chemical structure resembles 17β-estradiol which has ability to bind to estrogen receptors which can affect the human reproductive system. The purpose of this review literature is to determine the effect of soy on the human reproductive system. Using research articles and books related to the effect of soy on the reproductive system from 2000 to 2018. Various experimental studies conducted showed that soy has an effect on the human reproductive system. Soy can cause FSH secretion, decreased LH secretion and increasing the free concentration of estradiol. Decreased FSH and LH can cause disruption in the menstrual cycle, especially in the follicular phase and ovulation, if the follicular phase is disrupted then the menstrual cycle will become irregular. In addition, phytoestrogens contained in soy are known to inhibit 17-β hydroxysteroidoxidoreductase, resulting in a decrease in testosterone levels.   Keywords : human, reproductive, soybean

scholarly journals Surgical treatment of Eagle’s Syndrome through intraoral access: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cristhian Avelino Bezerra ◽  
Jonas Nogueira Ferreira Maciel Gusmão ◽  
Bruno Frota Amora Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Lemos Alves ◽  
Eliardo Silveira Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Intraoral Approach ◽  
Eagle Syndrome ◽  
Review Study

The styloid process is a bone projection that originates in the tympanic portion of the temporal bone. The enlongation of the styloid process, or the ossification of the styloid process, can originate a series of symptoms such as dysphagia, odynophagia, facial pain, otalgia, headache, tinnitus and trismus, establishing the clinical picture of Eagle Syndrome. In this report, we present an important clinical case of adult patient diagnosed with Eagle’s Syndrome who underwent surgery for reduction of the enlongated styloid process, by intraoral approach, added to a literature review study.

scholarly journals AL-QUR’ĀN MESSAGE ABOUT ETHOS OF WORK IN THE PANDEMIC TIME COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-80
Author(s):  
Eka Damayanti ◽  
Firdaus ◽  
Abdul Ghany ◽  
Ekawati Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
The World ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Holy Book

Al-Qur’ān is the holy book as a guide for people in any condition. This including the COVID-19 pandemic that has spread across the world. This article aims to outline the message in the Qur'ān about work ethic during the Covid-19 pandemic. This article is a literature review study with the Maudhui method of the Qur'ān verses related to work ethic. It was using content analysis. The study showed that even though the pandemic is taking place, Muslims are still obliged to work because Allah expressly commands them to work. God's commandment is that humans carry out work according to their ability and earnestly for life in the world and a provision in the hereafter because work is an act of jihad fisabillah.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document