Research on Correlation between Formula of Steel Slag Ceramic (CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 System) and Macro Property

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1220-1225
Author(s):  
Li Hua Zhao ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Chao Lian ◽  
Xian Cong Zhao ◽  
Hao Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Converter Slag ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
National Standard ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Ceramic Synthesis ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
System Phase Diagram ◽  
Xrd Patterns

This paper demonstrated a new approach to the utilization of steel slag and provided a pattern for steel slag ceramic synthesis. Based on previous research on steel slag (converter slag) applied as raw material of ceramic and directed at content of steel slag CaO-MgO-Al2O3(5wt%)-SiO2 system phase diagram was utilized in steel slag ceramic formula designing and augite region was selected. Bending strength of sample could reach 62.26MPa which was higher than national standard. When the content of steel slag was 40wt%, the steel slag ceramic would perform rather high bending strength. Through XRD patterns demonstrated the dominated crystal phases of all ceramic samples were pyroxene group crystals, akermanite existed in some samples also. But bending strengths of ceramics containing akermanite were lower than of samples containing pyroxene purely. Hence, diopside could be considered as the factor of improving ceramic bending strength.

Geopolymer Obtention Using Calcined Rice Husk Ash

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Pereira ◽  
André Miranda da Silva ◽  
Josiele Souza Batista Santos ◽  
Bianca Viana de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rice Hull Ash ◽  
Hydrated Calcium Silicate ◽  
Irregular Shapes ◽  
Xrd Patterns

This study aimed to synthesize geopolymer materials using the ash of burned rice husk. The material was prepared from bauxite slurry, rice hull ash was calcined at 600 °C, metakaolin and sodium hydroxide 12 M solution. The material was cured at 60 °C for 6 h and then at ambient temperature for up to 28 days. We used the same mixture of experimental design to synthesize geopolymer. Through techniques spectroscopy energy dispersive X rivers and X-ray diffraction, it appears that the silica and alumina contents of the identified raw material meets the conditions laid down as minimum for precursors with geopolymer activation potential, as evidenced by the molar ratio Si/Al sample. Geopolymer obtained from the XRD patterns showed characteristic peaks of hydrated calcium silicate. It was found that the particles had irregular shapes and sizes, and the presence of voids affecting the strength of the material. The geopolymeric material obtained showed improvements in the bending strength in a curing time of 28 days.

Properties of Nanostructured 3Y-TZP Blocks Used for CAD/CAM Dental Restoration

2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 603-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudinei dos Santos ◽  
Felipe Antunes Santos ◽  
Carlos Nelson Elias
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Weibull Modulus ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Dental Restoration ◽  
Tetragonal Zro2 ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Several CAD/CAM systems are available to dental prosthesis laboratories which can be used to fabricate all-ceramic copings and frameworks. The use of these systems presents low demand, due principally the high blocks ceramics cost used for theses systems. Usually, these ceramic blocks are sintered at high temperatures, between 1450 and 15500C, resulting in micrometric ZrO2 microstructure. A considerable innovation in these ceramics systems used in CAD/CAM applications was introduced by the use of nanometric-tetragonal ZrO2 blocks, which are sintered at low sintering temperatures resulting in nanometric grains morphology and improved mechanical properties. The purpose of the present work is to characterize the mechanical properties of nanoparticled zirconium oxide blocks comparing with commercial micrometric ceramic parts. XRD patterns showed that the blocks have only the tetragonal-ZrO2 as crystalline phase. The tetragonal-monoclinic transformation phase was responsible for the excellent mechanical properties. Nanometric blocks presented hardness of 13GPa, fracture toughness of 11MPam1/2 , bending strength of 1020MPa and Weibull modulus, m=14, while micrometric ZrO2 blocks similar hardness, fracture toughness 8.5MPam1/2, bending strength of 850MPa and Weibull modulus of 10.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach to Fabricate Foam Ceramics from Steel Slag

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Xudong Luo ◽  
Jinlong Yang ◽  
Wenlong Huo ◽  
Chi Kang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Ceramic Foams ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Stability ◽  
First Time

A novel approach is used for fabricating steel slag foam ceramics based on the particle-stabilized foaming method. In this work, steel slag was used as the raw material and propyl gallate (PG) was used as the surface modifier. For the first time, steel slag ceramic foams were successfully fabricated based on particle-stabilized foams. The results show that the stability of the ceramic foams was closely related to the pH value and PG concentration. The porosity and compressive strength could be controlled by changing the solid loading of steel slag and sintering temperature. The porosity of steel slag foam ceramics ranged from 85.6% to 62.53%, and the compressive strength was from 1.74 MPa to 10.42 MPa. The thermal conductivity of steel slag foam ceramics was only 0.067 W (m·K)−1, which shows that it could be used as a thermal insulation material.

Albizia richardiana King & Prain as a raw material for ply and particleboard

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
Md. Rahaman ◽  
Khurshid Akhter ◽  
S. Hossain ◽  
Md. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Standard Specification ◽  
Press Temperature ◽  
Albizia Richardiana ◽  
German Standard ◽  
Press Time

Woods of Albizia richardiana has been studied for assessing the suitability for plywood and particleboard manufacture. It was found that 1.5 mm thick smooth and figured veneer can be peeled and dried easily. Three-ply plywood were made using veneer of this species bonded with liquid urea formaldehyde glue of 50% solid content extended with wheat flour and catalyzed (ammonium chloride) with 2% hardener under the three specific pressures, viz,1.05 N/mm2, 1.40 N/mm2, 1.76 N/mm2 in three replications at 6 minute press time and 120°C press temperature. Dry and wet shear test were conducted on the sample and their shear load at failure per unit area and percentage of wood failure were determined. 1.05 N/mm2 pressure for the manufacture of plywood was found to be the best. The physical and mechanical properties of Albizia richardiana wood particleboard were studied. The particleboards were tested for determining the strength and dimensional stability. The tensile strength 0.56N/mm2 passed the British and German standard specification, bending strength (modulus of rupture10.80N/mm2) was found nearest to Indian Standard but low German and British standard specification.

Frying oils quality control: necessity for new approach of supervision

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Ahmadi ◽  
Mohammad Mosaferi ◽  
Leila Nikniaz ◽  
Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi ◽  
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Frying Oils ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cooking Oil

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the quality of the frying oil used in restaurants, fast food establishments, and confectionary stores. The compliance of used frying oils with the quality standards as determined by the peroxide value (PV) and the total polar materials (TPMs) is investigated by analyzing 375 samples of oil. Design/methodology/approach The PV was measured according to the national standard procedure number 4179, while the TPM was determined using a Testo 270 cooking oil tester. Frying oils with a PV>5 mEq/kg and a TPM>25 percent were considered to be non-edible. For a comparison of groups, the Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation tests were used, and p<0.05 was considered significant. Findings The maximum TPM and PV recorded for frying oils in fast food restaurants were 97.5 percent and 77.9 mEq/kg, respectively. The results also revealed that 60 percent of samples were non-edible according to the TPM, while 58.9 percent of the oil samples were non-edible because of the PV. TPM and PV correlated well with each other (r=0.99, p<0.001) and with oil replacement intervals (r=0.90, p<0.001). The relationship between the TPM and PV was stronger in the polynomial model than the linear model. The following equation was obtained: peroxide (mEq/kg oil)=0.0043 TPM2 (%)+0.1587 TPM (%)–0.6152. Originality/value Considering the current limitations in official supervision by health authority, on-site self-monitoring of the TPM using the Testo 270 cooking oil tester by sellers as a solution seems a new approach. Food stores, restaurants, and confectionary stores should be equipped with TPM analyzers to determine the quality of the frying oil and the timely replacement of non-edible oils.

scholarly journals Effect of Fly Ash on the Properties of Ceramics Prepared from Steel Slag

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbing Zong ◽  
Xuedong Zhang ◽  
Emile Mukiza ◽  
Xiaoxiong Xu ◽  
Fei Li
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Sintered Ceramic ◽  
Base Steel ◽  
Sintering Shrinkage

In this study, SiO2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO steel slag ceramics containing 5 wt % MgO were used for the preparation of ceramic bodies, with the replacement of 5–20 wt % quartz and feldspar by fly ash. The effect of the addition of fly ash on the sintering shrinkage, water absorption, sintering range, and flexural strength of the steel slag ceramic was studied. Furthermore, the crystalline phase transitions and microstructures of the sintered samples were investigated by XRD, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and SEM. The results showed that the addition of fly ash affected the crystalline phases of the sintered ceramic samples. The main crystal phases of the base steel slag ceramic sample without fly ash were quartz, diopside, and augite. With increasing fly ash content, the quartz diffraction peak decreased gradually, while the diffraction peak intensity of anorthite became stronger. The mechanical properties of the samples decreased with the increasing amount of fly ash. The addition of fly ash (0–20 wt %) affected the optimum sintering temperature (1130–1160 °C) and widened the sintering range. The maximum addition amount of fly ash should be 15 wt %, for which the optimum sintering temperature was 1145 °C, water absorption was 0.03%, and flexural strength was 43.37 MPa higher than the Chinese national standard GBT 4100-2015 requirements.

Steel Converter Slag as a Raw Material for Precipitation of Pure Calcium Carbonate

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (18) ◽  
pp. 7104-7111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanni Eloneva ◽  
Sebastian Teir ◽  
Justin Salminen ◽  
Carl-Johan Fogelholm ◽  
Ron Zevenhoven
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Converter Slag ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Steel Converter

Preparation and Performances of Geopolymer-Based Plant Fiber Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Ju Wei ◽  
Jian Li Tan ◽  
Wan Li Lu ◽  
Le Ping Liu ◽  
Shu Juan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Glass ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Plant Fiber ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Influence Of Water

Geopolymer-based plant fiber composites were fabricated with metakaolin, alkaline sodium silicate and plant fibers. In this paper, orthogonal test and single factor analysis were used to study the influence of water glass modulus, solid liquid ratio and fiber content on bending strength. The results show that sequence of influence factors for bending strength was: solid to liquid ratio > fiber content > water glass modulus. When the water glass modulus is 1.7, the fiber content is 8% and the solid to liquid ratio is 1:1.4, the bending strength is up to 10.44MPa, which exceeds the Standard requirements (9MPa) specified by the China National Standard (GB/T 24312-2009). The micro-morphology of SEM indicates that the mix of plant fiber can enhance the toughness of geopolymer.

Ecocultural Contact and the Panarchy of Place

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-138
Author(s):  
John J. Kucich
Keyword(s):  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Natural World ◽  
American Identity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Margaret Fuller ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Gendered Ideologies ◽  
Race And Culture ◽  
Colonial Frontier

Margaret Fuller travelled to the Great Lakes region in 1843 on the trail of the Anglo-Ojibway poet Jane Johnston Schoolcraft. She had seen enough to recognize Schoolcraft’s immense promise—a “mine of poesy” that might serve as the raw material of a new American identity based on very different coordinates of gender, race, and culture than the ones settling into place in the antebellum United States. Fuller was too late to meet Schoolcraft, who had died the year before, but with her help, she learned to see the natural world, and the society taking shape in this colonial frontier, in an entirely new way. This essay uses a new materialist focus on the environment to examine how these writers allowed the natural world to complicate and counter the gendered ideologies of settler colonialism spreading over the land. The interplay of these elements in these writers works—American culture, Ojibwe culture, and the environment—is an example of ecocultural contact, one alive to the panarchic energies that often flourish beneath a dominant ideology. Fuller and Johnston, in particular, feature the voices of trees in their radically unsettling work. Reading these two women writers together offers a new approach to ecofeminism.

The Effect of Lithium Alumina Silicate Phases on Elastic Modulus of Porcelain Tiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 188-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuna Aydin ◽  
Alpagut Kara
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Closed Porosity ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Porcelain Tiles

Spodumene, which is a lithium alumina silicate, has been used as a raw material in the production of thermal shock resistant whitewares and sanitarywares. The presence of spodumene results in enhancement of mullitization and imparts better physical and mechanical properties to ceramics. In this study, the influence of Lithium alumina silicate phases on the mechanical properties of standard porcelain stoneware body was investigated. Especially solid-solid reactions were observed between spodumene and quartz or spodumene and clay. These solid-solid reactions bring about a newly formed lithium alumina silicate (LAS) phases. Spodumene allows the development of a low viscosity liquid phase and results in a decrease in closed porosity, also with increase in bulk density, bending strength and elastic modulus.

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