Geochemical Characteristics and Comprehensive Utilization of the Main Coal Seams in Wubu Mining Area, Northern Shaanxi Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 755-758
Author(s):  
Zhi Xue Li ◽  
Ming Pei Li ◽  
Long Yi Shao
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Coal Analysis ◽  
Northern Shaanxi

Use a variety of coal analysis methods on the Wubu mining area main coal seams S1 and T1 in proximate analysis, elemental analysis, and technologic property analysis, the results show that the main coal seams is a kind of medium ash, medium volatile coal, especially low-medium sulfur, high calorific value coal. They have a good chemical properties and technologic properties, and can be used for coking, civilian, steam coal.

scholarly journals PYROLYSIS OF ALANG – ALANG (IMPERATA CILINDRICA) AS BIOENERGY SOURCE IN BANTEN PROVINCE INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-78
Author(s):  
Fitriyah Fitriyah ◽  
Syarif Hidayat ◽  
Muhammad S. Abu Bakar ◽  
Neeranuch Phusunti
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bio Oil

Bahan bakar fosil sumber energi memiliki keterbatasan dan tidak terbarukan, penggunaan bahan bakar fosil secara terus menerus mengakibatkan krisis energy dan lingkungan. Rumput liar pada saat ini memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai generasi kedua biomasa. Hal ini memiliki keuntungan seperti tumbuh dengan cepat, mudah tumbuh, perawatan yang minimal, dapat tumbuh pada lahan kritis dan tersedia dalam jumlah yang banyak. Dalam upaya mengembangkan generasi kedua biomasa, penelitian ini secara sistematis memberikan perspektif ekologi dan teknologi proses dalam mengembangkan bioenergi dari alang – alang di Provinsi Banten. Pada penelitian ini karakterisasi alang – alang dilakukan untuk menentukan sifat – sifat dan potensi bioenergy. Sedangkan fixed bed pirolisis dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi produksi bio-oil dari proses pirolisis. Sementara analisis karakterisasi bio-oil dilakukan untuk melihat potensi chemical building block sebagai sumber energi. Analisis sifat kimia dan fisika alang – alang dilakukan melalui thermogravimetric analysis, proximate analysis, elemental analysis, compositional analysis, calorific value. Sedangkan analisis potensi bio-oil di lakukan melalui Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Dari hasil karakterisasi mengindikasikan bahwa alang – alang memiliki nilai kalori 18,05 MJ/kg, dengan ash konten yang rendah, dan tinggi kandungan volatile. Analisis dengan GC/MS menunjukan komponen utama dalam bio-oil dikelompokan ke dalam furan, ketone, phenol dan anhydrosugar yang merupakan platform yang dapat dikonversi menjadi sumber energi. Fixed bed pyrolysis atau fixed bed pirolisis alang – alang menunjukan, bahwa yield bio-oil meningkat sebagaimana peningkatan temperatur dan puncaknya pada suhu 500 0C dengan persentase 37,91%. Kata Kunci: Alang - alang, Pirolisis, GC/MS, Thermogravimetric analysis, Bioenergi   ABSTRACT Fossil fuel as a source of energy have limitation and are non-renewable. Continuous utilisation of fossil fuels as energy source can lead to energy crisis and environmental impact. Perennials grasses (alang – alang) are currently being developed as a suitable second-generation biofuel feedstock. It has advantages such as rapid growth rate, easy to grow, minimal maintenance and utilise marginal land without competing with food supply. Taking into account of the various challenges attributed to the transformation of second-generation biomass for energy production, this work systematically looks at the ecological perspective and the availability for bioenergy production from alang – alang in Banten Province. Biomass characterisation is carried out to determine the properties and bioenergy potential. Fixed bed pyrolysis study was conducted to predict the potential production of bio-oil from the pyrolysis process. GC/MS study is conducted to identify the potential building blocks of value-added chemicals from alang – alang. The physicochemical properties of feedstock was thoroughly evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis, proximate analysis, elemental analysis, compositional analysis, calorific value. The analysis of the potential of bio-oil was carried out through GC / MS. Characterisation results indicate that alang - alang has a calorific value of 18.39 MJ/kg, with low ash content and high percentage of volatile matter. Analysis from Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that majority of the chemical groups in the bio-oil contained furan, ketone, phenol and anhydro-sugars. Phenolic and furanic were found as major compounds in bio oil. Phenolic, furanic, ketonic and anhydrosugars are promising renewable platform compounds derived from pyrolysis of alang – alang. The compounds can be further converted to chemicals or fuels. The fixed-bed pyrolysis of alang - alang showed that the yield of bio-oil increases as the temperature increases and peaks at 500°C with 38.79%. Keywords: Alang - alang, Pyrolysis, GC/MS, Thermogravimetric analysis, Bioenergy

INFLUENCE OF ANALYSIS RESULTS OF ANALYTICAL COAL SAMPLES ON THE PREDICTION ACCURACY OF HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES OF COAL SEAMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 176-186
Author(s):  
Yevhen Rudniev ◽  
◽  
Vyacheslav Galchenko ◽  
Elvira Filatieva ◽  
Mykhailo Filatiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
The State ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Scientific Substantiation

Purpose: to establish possible quantitative errors in determining the values of some indicators of the degree of metamorphism without attracting the content of total moisture and mineral impurities to predict the hazardous properties of coal mine layers during mining. Methodology: based on the use of initial data on the quality indicators and properties of coals for specific coal seams, given in the reference sources, with the subsequent recalculation of the state of samples from their dry ashless or ashless state to the raw state. Comparison of the samples of indicators were determined, respectively, using analytical samples and based on the results of recalculation to the initial state (close to the production state), conclusions were drawn about possible errors in the case of using the analysis results of the analytical samples to predict hazardous properties of mines. Results: The analytical state of the samples for dry ashless state (daf) or wet ashless state (af) does not correspond to the state of coal in the working area of mining operations (r), which most accurately characterizes the manifestation of mine hazardous properties. The indicators of the release of volatile substances during thermal decomposition of coals, which are used to predict the hazardous properties of mine coal seams, do not directly reflect changes in the elemental composition of coals during metamorphic transformations. Methods for preparing analytical samples provide for grinding to small fractions, removing external moisture and enriching to ash content less than 10%, which does not correspond to the state of coal (r) in the mining area. The use of indicators set for dry ashless combustible (organic) mass excludes the possibility of analyzing the influence of moisture and mineral impurities on the manifestation of the hazardous properties of coal seams. The use of such indicators to predict the hazardous properties of mine coal seams can lead to errors in their determination of 45 ÷ 50%. The hazardous properties of coal seams can be adequately characterized only by the combined composition and properties of organic matter and mineral impurities in a state close to the presence of coal in the mining area. Using the example of possible significant errors in the calorific value, in the case of its use to characterize the hazardous properties of coal mine seams, the expediency of scientific substantiation of a set of indicators for a reliable forecast of a specific hazardous property for a specific seam formation was proved. Scientific novelty: hazardous properties of coal seams are reliably predicted on the basis of the composition and properties of organic and mineral components, reduced to conditions close to the state during mining operations. Practical value: the results obtained give grounds to scientifically substantiate the selection of the necessary indicators for predicting a specific hazardous property of coal seams and make proposals for improving the regulatory framework for the safe conduct of mining operations.

Physic-Chemical Characterization of a Waste from Olive Industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Alicia Ronda ◽  
Gabriel Blázquez ◽  
Carmen Martínez ◽  
M. Teresa Cotes ◽  
M. Ángeles Martín-Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Low Sulfur ◽  
Olive Industry ◽  
Direct Use

In this work, a waste form olive industry was characterized in terms of its physical–chemical properties, which can be useful for its use in biosorption processes or in pyrolysis units. The characterization results showed that the solid presents a good size distribution to be use as biosorbent or as fuel, although it can be improve with a milled step. The initial moisture content is very high (around 40%), being one of the main characteristics of the solid that makes its direct use as a fuel difficult. However, the low sulfur value (< 0.1%) is very suitable from the environmental point of view, reducing SO2 emissions. The results of the proximate analysis showed a high content of ashes and the gross calorific value within the range of most biomass waste, was 5100 kcal/kg.

Mechanical, physical and chemical properties of saw dust briquette

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Arul Kumar ◽  
H. Kanaga Sabapathy ◽  
I. Neethimanickam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Density ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Shearing Strength ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The present study deals with determination of physical, mechanical and combustion characteristics like mass, density, compressive strength, shearing strength, moisture content, total ash content, fixed carbon, volatile matter, gross calorific value of Sawdust briquette. Briquette quality is evaluated mainly by briquette density. Briquette density is very important from the viewpoint of manipulation, burning speed, briquette durability, etc. During our research, theoretical analyses of parameters which have an impact on briquette quality were conducted. The sawdust sample produced using super-70 piston press machine. The compression test and shear test were conducted for three sawdust sample using compression testing machine. For quality and durability evaluation of the manufactured briquette the density and strength properties were determined. To determine the calorific value and proximate analysis of the briquette using the tests carried out in the lab.

scholarly journals Potential Bio-Fuel from Refinery Waste through Anaerobic Digestion

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sophia Nawaz Gishkori ◽  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Aqeel Ahmad Shah ◽  
Sajjad Ur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Salman Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior

In this study we report biofuel potential in waste cake obtained from oil refinery. The sample was analyzed for its calorific value using auto bomb calorimeter (LECO AC-500), proximate analysis using Thermogravimetric analyzer (LECO 701) and elemental analysis using CHNS analyzer (LECO Tru-Spec). The elemental analysis of dry waste cake vs wet cake depicted the percentage composition of carbon (49.8%, 40.8%), hydrogen (7.9%, 6.0%), nitrogen (2.8%, 1.9%), Sulphur (1.9%, 0.5%) and oxygen content (37.6%, 40.4%). As for as the thermal degradation behavior of dry and wet cake in TGA is concerned, higher moisture contents (68.50%) found in wet cake and lower in dry cake (40.1%). Whereas the volatile matter in dry cake (30.9%) and low volatile in wet cake (14.3%). Similarly, %age of ash become high in dry cake (17.3%) and low in wet cake (5.11%). The results reflected that higher heating value of dry waste cake is higher (22.5 MJ/kg) than wet waste cake (20.5 MJ/kg) and commonly used sugarcane bagasse (17.88 MJ/kg).

Evaluasi Prediksi Higher Heating Value (HHV) Biomassa Berdasarkan Analisis Proksimat

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Made Dirgantara ◽  
Karelius Karelius ◽  
Marselin Devi Ariyanti, Sry Ayu K. Tamba
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bomb Calorimeter ◽  
Hhv Prediction

Abstrak – Biomassa merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan yang sangat mudah ditemui, ramah lingkungan dan cukup ekonomis. Keberadaan biomassa dapat dimaanfaatkan sebagai pengganti bahan bakar fosil, baik itu minyak bumi, gas alam maupun batu bara. Analisi diperlukan sebagai dasar biomassa sebagai energi seperti proksimat dan kalor. Analisis terpenting untuk menilai biomassa sebagai bahan bakar adalah nilai kalori atau higher heating value (HHV). HHV secara eksperimen diukur menggunakan bomb calorimeter, namun pengukuran ini kurang efektif, karena memerlukan waktu serta biaya yang tinggi. Penelitian mengenai prediksi HHV berdasarkan analisis proksimat telah dilakukan sehingga dapat mempermudah dan menghemat biaya yang diperlukan peneliti. Dalam makalah ini dibahas evaluasi persamaan untuk memprediksi HHV berdasarkan analisis proksimat pada biomassa berdasarkan data dari penelitian sebelumnya. Prediksi nilai HHV menggunakan lima persamaan yang dievaluasi dengan 25 data proksimat biomassa dari penelitian sebelumnya, kemudian dibandingkan berdasarkan nilai error untuk mendapatkan prediksi terbaik. Hasil analisis menunjukan, persamaan A terbaik di 7 biomassa, B di 6 biomassa, C di 6 biomassa, D di 5 biomassa dan E di 1 biomassa.Kata kunci: bahan bakar, biomassa, higher heating value, nilai error, proksimat  Abstract – Biomass is a renewable energy that is very easy to find, environmentally friendly, and quite economical. The existence of biomass can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels, both oil, natural gas, and coal. Analyzes are needed as a basis for biomass as energy such as proximate and heat. The most critical analysis to assess biomass as fuel is the calorific value or higher heating value (HHV). HHV is experimentally measured using a bomb calorimeter, but this measurement is less effective because it requires time and high costs. Research on the prediction of HHV based on proximate analysis has been carried out so that it can simplify and save costs needed by researchers. In this paper, the evaluation of equations is discussed to predict HHV based on proximate analysis on biomass-based on data from previous studies. HHV prediction values using five equations were evaluated with 25 proximate biomass data from previous studies, then compared based on error value to get the best predictions. The analysis shows that Equation A predicts best in 7 biomass, B in 6 biomass, C in 6 biomass, D in 5 biomass, and E in 1 biomass. Key words: fuel, biomass, higher heating value, error value, proximate 

scholarly journals Estimating Changes in the Green Water Productivity of Cropping Systems in Northern Shaanxi Province in China’s Loess Plateau

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinping Wang ◽  
Jinzhu Ma ◽  
Afton Clarke-Sather ◽  
Jiansheng Qu
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Northern Shaanxi

Water shortages limit agricultural production in the world’s arid and semi-arid regions. The Northern region of China’s Shaanxi Province, in the Loess Plateau, is a good example. Raising the water productivity of rainfed grain production in this region is essential to increase food production and reduce poverty, thereby improving food security. To support efforts to increase crop water productivity (CWP), we accounted for limitations of most existing studies (experimental studies of specific crops or hydrological modeling approaches) by using actual field data derived from statistical reports of cropping patterns. We estimated the CWPs of nine primary crops grown in four counties in Northern Shaanxi from 1994 to 2008 by combining statistics on the cultivated area and yields with detailed estimates of evapotranspiration based on daily meteorological data. We further calculated both the caloric CWP of water (CCWP) and the CWP of productive water (i.e., water used for transpiration). We found that regional CWP averaged 6.333 kg mm–1 ha–1, the CCWP was 17,683.81 cal mm–1 ha–1, the CWP of productive green water was 8.837 kg mm–1 ha–1, and the CCWP of productive green water was 24,769.07 cal mm–1 ha–1. Corn, sorghum, and buckwheat had the highest CWP, and although potatoes had the largest planted area and relatively high CWP, they had a low CCWP.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties of an innovative gluten-free, low-carbohydrate and high protein-bread enriched with pea protein powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Wójcik ◽  
Renata Różyło ◽  
Regine Schönlechner ◽  
Mary Violet Berger
Keyword(s):  
Guar Gum ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Pea Protein ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Chemical Score ◽  
Index Value

AbstractThe study aimed to determine the effect of pea protein powder on the pasting behavior and physico-chemical properties including the composition of amino and fatty acids of gluten-free bread with low-carbohydrate content. The control bread recipe was based on buckwheat flour (50 g) and flaxseed flour (50 g) as main flours. Additionally, the improving additives for this control bread such as psyllium husk (4 g), potato fiber (2 g), and guar gum (2 g) were used. The mixture of base flour was supplemented with the addition of pea protein powder (PPP) in the amount ranging from 5 to 25%. The results of Visco analyzes measured by RVA apparatus showed that the addition of 10% PPP to the control bread did not significantly differentiate peak viscosity and pasting temperature which was at the level 3115 cP and 3149 cP and 50 °C, respectively. Supplementation of low-carbohydrate bread with 10% of PPP was acceptable and significantly increased the content of all analyzed amino acids, as well as the amount of α-linolenic acid concerning the control bread. The lowest value of chemical score was observed for leucine. The EAAI (essential amino acid index) value increased from 34 to 40 when the optimal protein supplement was added. The developed gluten-free, low-carbohydrate, and high protein bread was characterized by contents of carbohydrate of 16.9%, protein of 17.1%, fiber of 13.7%, fat of 3.3% and its calorific value was 194 kcal/100 g.

scholarly journals Technosols Development in an Abandoned Mining Area and Environmental Risk Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6982
Author(s):  
Chiara Ferronato ◽  
Gilmo Vianello ◽  
Mauro De Feudis ◽  
Livia Vittori Antisari
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mine Tailing ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Soil Features

The study of Technosols development, spatial distribution and physicochemical characteristics is becoming more and more important in the Anthropocene Era. The aim of the present study was to assess soil features and potential heavy metal release risk of soils developed on different mine tailing types after the waste disposal derived from mining activity in Central Italy. Soils were analyzed for their morphological, physical and chemical properties, and a chemical sequential extraction of heavy metals was performed. The investigated soils were classified as Technosols toxic having in some layer within 50 cm of the soil surface inorganic materials with high concentrations of toxic elements. Our findings showed that the bioavailability of potentially toxic element concentrations in the soil changed according to the origin of the mine tailing. However, because of the acidic pH, there is a serious risk of metals leaching which was reduced where the soil organic matter content was higher.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document