Mathematical Modeling of Caries Initiation and Progression Occurring in Dental Enamel

2013 ◽  
Vol 592-593 ◽  
pp. 362-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman I. Izyumov ◽  
Sergey V. Rusakov ◽  
Andrew L. Zuev ◽  
Olga S. Gileva ◽  
Maria A. Muraveva
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Caries Treatment ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Damaged Zone

The paper is concerned with the investigation of dental caries treatment by the modern method based on the application of special composite material that can diffuse into the damaged zone, harden by light and prevent tooth decay. Carious disease was modeled as a diffusion process of acid penetration from the oral cavity into the tooth enamel with further dissolution of dental hard tissues in the subsurface layer of enamel. The model of dental caries was mathematically formulated. The solution was obtained by a numerical method using MATLAB. It is shown that the proposed model adequately describes the properties of the examined dental system.

scholarly journals Identification of Key Functional Motifs of Native Amelogenin Protein for Dental Enamel Remineralisation

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4214
Author(s):  
Shama S. M. Dissanayake ◽  
Manikandan Ekambaram ◽  
Kai Chun Li ◽  
Paul W. R. Harris ◽  
Margaret A. Brimble
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Structure Comparison ◽  
Physiological Importance

Dental caries or tooth decay is a preventable and multifactorial disease that affects billions of people globally and is a particular concern in younger populations. This decay arises from acid demineralisation of tooth enamel resulting in mineral loss from the subsurface. The remineralisation of early enamel carious lesions could prevent the cavitation of teeth. The enamel protein amelogenin constitutes 90% of the total enamel matrix protein in teeth and plays a key role in the biomineralisation of tooth enamel. The physiological importance of amelogenin has led to the investigation of the possible development of amelogenin-derived biomimetics against dental caries. We herein review the literature on amelogenin, its primary and secondary structure, comparison to related species, and its’ in vivo processing to bioactive peptide fragments. The key structural motifs of amelogenin that enable enamel remineralisation are discussed. The presence of several motifs in the amelogenin structure (such as polyproline, N- and C-terminal domains and C-terminal orientation) were shown to play a critical role in the formation of particle shape during remineralization. Understanding the function/structure relationships of amelogenin can aid in the rational design of synthetic polypeptides for biomineralisation, halting enamel loss and leading to improved therapies for tooth decay.

scholarly journals Evaluation of dental status and effectiveness of treatment among children and adolescents in the reference groups aged 6, 12, and 18 years from Skierniewice and its region in 2017-2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Dmf Index ◽  
Caries Treatment ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Carious Process

INTRODUCTION. Dental caries is a transmissible chronic disease of dental hard tissues. To monitor the course of carious process, age reference groups were designated which are subject to regular dental check-ups. The groups include children aged 6, 12, and 18 years as well as adults at the age of 35-44 and 55-64 years. AIM. The aim of the study was to evaluate the state of dentition and effectiveness of treatment among children and adolescents in the reference groups aged 6, 12, and 18 years from the town of Skierniewice and its region in the years 2017-2020. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study included 385 children and adolescents from the reference groups. Dental examination was carried out in the dental office of the Ogrodowa Medical Centre in Skierniewice. Dental caries intensity expressed by the the DMFT index, and its particular components, D, M, and F (D– the mean number of teeth with caries (decayed), M– teeth extracted (missing), and F– filled) as well as the dental caries treatment index DTI (F/(D+F)) were determined according to sex. RESULTS. Distribution of the DMFT index components was very similar in children aged 6 years and in 18-year-old adolescents. The D component constituted half the DMF index (50.7% in 6-year-olds and 52.4% in 18-year-olds), the M component values were lowest (16.1% and 12.3%, respectively) while the F component accounted for slightly more than 1/3 of the whole value (33.2% and 35.3%, respectively). In 12-year-olds, the D component value was 68.4% of the DMF index, the M component accounted for only a few percent (4.5%) and the F component was 27.1%. The DTI value was 0.40 for 6-year-olds and 18-year-olds and appeared to be significantly higher than in the group of 12-year-olds (0.3). CONCLUSIONS. There is an urgent need for monitoring the dental status, professional caries prevention, and conservative treatment of teeth in children and adolescents of the Skierniewice region.

Lemon myrtle extract inhibits lactate production by Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 2185-2190
Author(s):  
Yukinori Yabuta ◽  
Yui Sato ◽  
Arisu Miki ◽  
Ryuta Nagata ◽  
Tomohiro Bito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity

ABSTRACT Backhousia citriodora (lemon myrtle) extract has been found to inhibit glucansucrase activity, which plays an important role in biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans. In addition to glucansucrase, various virulence factors in S. mutans are involved in the initiation of caries. Lactate produced by S. mutans demineralizes the tooth enamel. This study investigated whether lemon myrtle extract can inhibit S. mutans lactate production. Lemon myrtle extract reduced the glycolytic pH drop in S. mutans culture and inhibited lactate production by at least 46%. Ellagic acid, quercetin, hesperetin, and myricetin, major polyphenols in lemon myrtle, reduced the glycolytic pH drop and lactate production, but not lactate dehydrogenase activity. Furthermore, these polyphenols reduced the viable S. mutans cell count. Thus, lemon myrtle extracts may inhibit S. mutans-mediated acidification of the oral cavity, thereby preventing dental caries and tooth decay.

Mechanistic Aspects of the Interactions Between Fluoride and Dental Enamel

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. ten Cate ◽  
J.D.B. Featherstone
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Fluid Interface ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Incipient Caries ◽  
Caries Lesions

For many years after the discovery of its caries preventive effect, fluoride was thought to be primarily active by lowering the solubility of the apatitic mineral phase of the dental hard tissues. Recent findings have shed new light on the mechanisms by which fluoride inhibits or delays dental caries. Fluoride present in the oral fluids alters the rate of the naturally occurring dissolution and reprecipitation processes at the tooth-oral fluid interface. Demineralization of enamel is inhibited by concentrations of fluoride in the sub-ppm range. Likewise, remineralization of incipient caries lesions (the earliest stage of enamel caries) is accelerated by trace amounts of fluoride. As these two processes comprise dental caries the physiological balance between hard tissue breakdown and repair is favorably shifted by fluoride. The driving force for both phenomena is thermodynamic, that is, fluorapatite or a fluoridated hydroxyapatite may form when fluoride is supplied at low concentrations. This article critically reviews the current information about tooth-fluoride interactions, both from laboratory and clinical studies.

scholarly journals Caries Resistance - Criterion of Dental Status of Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
O. V. Klitynska ◽  
◽  
T. I. Zorivchak ◽  
V. V. Shetelya
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Hard Tissues

Prevention of dental caries in children is one of the current problems of modern pediatric dentistry, which is due to the high prevalence and intensity of this disease. Analysis of the results of epidemiological studies conducted among children of different ages in the regions of Ukraine shows a significant increase in caries growth in recent years, both temporary and permanent teeth, which leads to in-depth study of the hardness of dental tissues to cariogenic factors in connection with the need in the constant improvement of methods of treatment and prevention of this pathology. The purpose of the study was to analyze the value of enamel caries resistance as a detector of resistance of dental hard tissues to carious process and its complications. The subject of the research is the work of domestic and foreign researchers on this topic. In the course of the research the bibliosemantic method and structural-logical analysis were used. Today, dental caries is the most common disease in different age groups, which is confirmed by the prevalence – 90-100% and a sharp trend of increasing its intensity. Given the high rates of this pathology, it should be remembered that its untimely treatment leads to the following complications: pulpitis, periodontitis, tooth extraction. An important concept that indicates the possibility of caries is caries resistance, which indicates the level of resistance of the enamel to caries and has an informative diagnostic value for the dentist. According to modern ideas, in the pathogenesis of dental caries the leading role is played by caries-resistant enamel. Its mineral base is formed by isomorphic crystals of apatite, which contain various chemical elements, and their amount in the body is closely related to the amount in the environment. It is established that more than 40 chemical elements take part in the process of tooth mineralization, the most important of which belongs to calcium, phosphorus, fluoride. Insufficient amount or excess of certain micronutrients in the environment, especially in soils and drinking water, can change their content in the body and, consequently, in the hard tissues of the teeth, affecting their resistance to caries. It is well known that the influence of a number of adverse environmental factors leads to a decrease in the resistance of the body as a whole and, as a consequence, to a decrease in the caries resistance of the enamel of the hard tissues of the teeth. Sensitivity to the effects of adverse factors increases significantly in the prepubertal period, a time not only of intensive growth of the child and the formation of his personality, but also a period of mineralization of more than half of permanent teeth. Therefore, exactly at this time dentists should pay special attention to the prevention of caries of permanent teeth in children by improving the conditions of secondary mineralization of tooth enamel, thereby increasing their level of caries resistance

Formulation and evaluation of herbal tooth powder for oral care

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bharathi M ◽  
Rajalingam D ◽  
Vinothkumar S ◽  
Artheeswari R ◽  
Kanimozhi R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Normal Flora ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Streptococcus Mutants

Herbal tooth powders consisting of various ingredients that are available in the market in a wide range. Hence modern methods focusing on these aspects are useful for the standardization of herbs and their formulations. Consumers believed by using herbal-based toothpowders are safe, effective, and less toxic. This study is thus aimed to provide an alternative to the consumer and formulate herbal tooth powder using Clove, Neem Stem, Acacia Stem, Stevia Leaf, Mustard Oil, Salt, Ginger and Amla. The oral cavity infections are the most common types of infections. Dental caries is an infectious disease, causes damage and infection of enamel and dentine. If it is not treated, the infection continues and will lead to tooth loss. The mouth contains normal flora of opportunistic bacteria that are normally non-pathogenic. The imbalance of this situation causes infection and tooth decay. Streptococcus mutants are considered as the main species involved in the development of dental caries. S. mutants, acid-producing bacteria, causes fermentation of carbohydrates which results in tooth decay. Therefore, in the present work, the following aspects of Herbal tooth powders were planned for the formulation, standardization of herbal tooth powder, and anti-bacterial screening of the extracts of herbal tooth powder. 

A modern method of treating initial caries for children using the infltration method

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
A. U. Zamurayeva ◽  
Е. T. Supiyeva ◽  
B Sh. Orynbayeva
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Initial Caries ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Infiltration Method

Relevance. The modern method of infiltration provides an opportunity to stop the spread of pathogenic bacteria and the development of caries at the white spot stage, replacing the destroyed enamel cells with special polymers having low viscosity and high penetrating ability. The stabilization of the process is achieved in a short time with the maximum safety of their tissues. Purpose. Treatment of initial tooth decay in children by infiltration, assessment of the effectiveness and advantages of modern technology. Materials and methods. Clinical examination was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Additionally, a laser diagnostic method was used using the KaVo DIAGNOdent device (Germany). The LLP Dentistry Center «Zhaik Dent» and the LLP «Concept» used the Icon system for the treatment of initial caries and after orthodontic treatment for 25 children with 54 teeth. Results. At the end of tooth treatment with the Icon infiltration method, parents and the child were given recommendations: from the next day, brush your teeth 2 times a day, rinse your mouth regularly after eating, do not drink drinks, products with coloring substances. To monitor the result of treatment, the child was prescribed for reexamination after 7-10 days, after one month, in the following periods – once a year.After working with the material of the Icon system, the authors noted the pronounced effects of the treatment of initial caries by the method of infiltration.Conclusions. 1. The method of infiltration is a modern and promising technology for the treatment of dental caries at an early stage without losing healthy tissues. 2. The Icon infiltration method makes it possible to stop the spread of pathogenic bacteria and develop tooth decay at the white spot stage, replacing the destroyed enamel cells with special polymers having low viscosity and high penetrating ability. 3. The stabilization of the carious process is achieved in a short time with the maximum preservation of the tooth's tissues. 

Pain management of Dental Caries (Krimi Danta) - A Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Mahamad Yunus S. Nabooji
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Cotton Swab ◽  
Argemone Mexicana ◽  
Liver Disorders ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Tingling Sensation ◽  
Dental Emergency

Dental caries/Tooth decay is progressive destruction of tooth structure, leading to tooth ache. Tooth ache is the most common type of orofacial pain and when severe it is considered a dental emergency. Pain killers will be the first option to get rid of pain but use of these pain killers have many adverse effects and also its over prescription leads to kidney disorders, liver disorders etc. and in Ayurveda for the management of pain in Krimidanta it is mentioned that, Krimighna (anti-microbial), Vatagna (which relieves Vata) and Ushnaveerya Dravyas (drugs with hot potency) are to be used which can relieve the toothache and discolouration. Hence here an attempt was made to find out an alternate medicine which is effective, has no contraindications and with no side effects. Here the patient was treated with Dantapichu (soaked cotton swab) with Katuparni Ksheera (milk of Argemone Mexicana Linn.) as a local application. After the treatment, a significant response in various symptoms such as tooth pain, tingling sensation and swelling was observed.

The Relationship between Dental Caries and Tooth Enamel Fluoride

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Mellberg ◽  
L.W. Ripa ◽  
G.S. Leske ◽  
M. Sanchez ◽  
R. Polanski
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Bioadhesive Curcumin-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation and Its Potential to Cause Undesirable Effects on Dental and Restorative Surfaces

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1458
Author(s):  
Bárbara Donadon Reina ◽  
Carolina Santezi Neto ◽  
Patrícia Petromilli Nordi Sasso Garcia ◽  
Marlus Chorilli ◽  
Giovana Maria Fioramonti Calixto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Restorative Material ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Restorative Materials

Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) has shown great potential to disinfect specific sites on tooth enamel but may involve contact with restorative materials. Thus, before use in dentistry, it is necessary to investigate whether the PDI protocol causes undesirable changes in the surfaces of aesthetic restorative materials and dental enamel. This study investigated the effect of PDI mediated by curcumin (CUR) in a liquid crystal precursor system on color stability (ΔE), surface roughness (Ra), and microhardness (kgf) of three different composite resins and bovine dental enamel specimens. The microhardness and roughness readings were performed 60 days after the treatments while the color readings were performed immediately, 24, 48, and 72 h, 7, 14, 21, 30, and 60 days after the treatments. Results showed that CUR mediated-PDI does not seem to have the potential to promote any esthetic or mechanical changes to the surface of tooth enamel and can be applied safely in clinical practice. However, the results on color, roughness, and hardness obtained for composite resins show that some negative effects can be produced, depending on the type of restorative material; more experiments must be performed with different formulations and, perhaps, with lower concentrations of CUR.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document