scholarly journals Illite Clay Ceramic Hollow Sphere - Obtaining and Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Shishkin ◽  
Austris Laksa ◽  
Viktoria Shidlovska ◽  
Zane Timermane ◽  
Hakim Aguedal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Hollow Sphere ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Polystyrene Spheres ◽  
Sacrificial Template

This work focuses on clay ceramic hollow spheres (CCHS) preparation using Liepa clay and sacrificial template method in a lab scale device and testing of their properties. Water retention and compression strength were investigated in order to found out if obtained CCHS can be used as an additive for improving soil resilience.The synthesis and characterization of CCHS using expanded polystyrene spheres (EPS) as sacrificial template is presented. CCHS were fired at five different temperatures and their compressive strength, water retention, bulk density, material density, water absorption, phase composition, surface morphology, porosity using hydrostaticweighing and BET nitrogen adsorption methods, were determined.Study of clay ceramic hollow sphere structure and surface morphology revealed that all samples have spherical shape. These spheres have several pronounced protrusions from the granulation process. Clay ceramic hollow spheres have porosity rate of 21 - 36% and a water absorption rate of 15 -33%. The highest rate of porosity and water absorption was observed for hollow spheres fired at 1050°C.The increase of clayceramic hollow spheresfiringtemperature led to decrease of specific surface area-thehighestvaluewas observed at950°C and the lowest at 1150°C. The bulk density increased at 1150°C.Mechanicalstrength test of ceramic hollowspheres(HS)revealedthat with the increase of scorchingtemperature the compression strength of the spheres increasedas well.The sphere hollowshadpractically globular shape with the averagewallthickness of0,6 mm, whichcomprises10-13% ofthe outer diameter.The obtained clay ceramic hollow spheres are proposed as water retention agent.

Mechanical Properties of Copper Hollow Sphere Manufactured by Sintering Process

2006 ◽  
Vol 510-511 ◽  
pp. 730-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ja Myeong Koo ◽  
Seung Boo Jung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Hollow Sphere ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Hydrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Polystyrene Spheres

The polystyrene spheres coated with a slurry, consisting of copper (I) oxide powder, water and PA (poly acrilamide), were reduced to form copper (Cu) hollow spheres at sintering temperatures ranging from 650 to 950 °C under a hydrogen atmosphere. The microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties of the Cu hollow spheres were investigated with the sintering temperature. The increase in the sintering temperature led to the increase in the density and grain size of the spheres. The amount of the residual copper oxide in the samples decreased with increasing sintering temperature. The electrical conductivity, hardness, and compression strength of the hollow spheres increased with increasing sintering temperature.

Influence of the Dry Bulk Density on the Properties of Ceramic Paver Body

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 536-540
Author(s):  
Veronica Scarpini Candido ◽  
Regina Maria Pinheiro ◽  
Sergio Neves Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Technological Parameter ◽  
Uniaxial Compression Strength

This work has as its objective to evaluate the influence of the dry bulk density in precursor body formulations developed to fabricate ceramic paver. Cylindrical specimens were uniaxial press-molded into two dry bulk density ranges, 1.99-2.05 g/cm3and 2.18-2.23 g/cm3, from three formulations elaborated with clays, argillite and grog and then fired at 850 and 950oC. The evaluated properties were: water absorption and uniaxial compression strength. The results indicated that the packing during the forming stage is an important technological parameter that significantly influences the evaluated properties.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis on the Properties of Concrete Brick With Partial Replacement of Sand by Saw Dust and Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate by Expanded Polystyrene

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Anjana Ghimire ◽  
Sanjeev Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Saw Dust

An experimental study had been conducted to study the effects of saw dust and EPS as partial replacement of sand and coarse aggregate in various percentages such as 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% in concrete brick samples of M20 and M15 Grade. Compressive strength, Bulk density and Water absorption of prepared saw dust and EPS M20 and M15 concrete brick were determined. The properties of materials were first determined before the conduction of experimental works. The normal consistency, initial and final setting time and compressive strength of cement used for the experiment were found as 31%,115 minutes, 265 minutes and 39.5 N/mm2 respectively. Sieve analysis to determine the particle size distribution of sand, coarse aggregates, saw dust and EPS was performed. From the sieve analysis, the nominal maximum size of sand, coarse aggregate, saw dust and EPS used for preparing concrete brick sample were 2.36 mm, 12.5 mm, 2.36 mm and 4.75 mm respectively. Impact value of coarse aggregate obtained was 11.20 %.The experimental results showed that water absorption of prepared M15 and M20 concrete brick samples increased with increase in percentage replacement of sand by saw dust and EPS by coarse aggregate. Compressive strength and Bulk density of prepared M15 and M20 concrete brick sample decreased with increase in percentage content of saw dust and EPS. The results showed that the partial replacement of sand by saw dust and coarse aggregate by EPS in concrete brick sample had sufficient strength as compared to common bricks.

scholarly journals PENENTUAN MORFOLOGI PERMUKAAN, SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIK BERDASARKAN PRESENTASE KOMPOSISI BAHAN CAMPURAN BATAKO

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Selfiana Missa ◽  
Minsyahril Bukit ◽  
Andreas Christian Louk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Compression Strength ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drying Process

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang kajian Morfologi Permukaan, Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Batako dengan presentase komposisi bahan campuran batako. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan material tanah putih dan pasir. Selanjutnya bahan material dicampur dengan semen dengan variasi material 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 dan 1:9. Kemudian dicetak dengan cara, pemadatan dan pengeringan. Setelah proses pengeringan dilakukan pengujian karakteristik sifat fisik dan mekanik benda uji berupa: uji kuat tekan (compression strength), densitas (density), porositas dan karakterisasi SEM. Berdasarkan analisis data, batako yang memiliki nilai densitas untuk variasi campuran tanah putih 665 mesh 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,04 gr/cm3dan 1,99 gr/cm3. Pada variasi campuran tanah putih 114 mesh 2,16 gr/cm3, 2,14 gr/cm3dan 2,05 gr/cm3. Untuk variasi campuran pasir 665 mesh 2,04 gr/cm3, 1,89 gr/cm3dan 2,11 gr/cm3. Untuk variasi campuran pasir 114 mesh 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,11 gr/cm3dan 2,02 gr/cm3.kuat tekan batako pada variasi campuran tanah putih 114 meshsebesar 20 kg/cm² memenuhi standar kuat tekan minimum mutu  IV. Sedangkan untuk porositas pada variasi campuran 1:6 dan 1:8 memenuhi standar penyerapan air pada mutu I dan mutu II. Kata kunci: Tanah putih, pasir, densitas, penyerapan air, kuat tekan dan SEM. ABSTRACT A research of determination of surface morphology, physical properties and mechanical properties of brick based on the composition of the mixture has been done. This research was done by using material of white soil and sand. Then Materials are mixted with cement with materials variation 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 dan 1:9. Than each one was molded by means of compaction and drying.  After drying process the physical and mechanical properties of the test specimen is done in the form of compression test, density, porosity, and SEM characterization. Based on data analysis, brick with mixed variation of white soil of 665 mesh has the density value of 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,04 gr/cm3 dan 1,99 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of white soilof 114 mesh has the density value are 2,16 gr/cm3, 2,14 gr/cm3dan 2,05 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of sand of 665 mesh has the density value are 2,04 gr/cm3, 1,89 gr/cm3 dan 2,11 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of sand of 114 mesh has the density value are 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,11 gr/cm3dan 2,02 gr/cm3. Compressive strength of brick with mixed variation of white soil of 114 mesh is 20 kg/cm² meet the minimum compressive strength standard of quality IV. While for the porosity of brick with mixed variation of 1:6 and 1:8 meet the standards of water absorption standard of quality I and quality II. Key Words : White  Soil,  sand,  density,  water  absorption,  Compressive  strength,  and  SEM

scholarly journals A Characterization Study of Morphology and Properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH)/Aloe Vera Fibers Biocomposites: Effect of Fiber Surface Treatments

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Celia Idres ◽  
Mustapha Kaci ◽  
Nadjet Dehouche ◽  
Idris Zembouai ◽  
Stéphane Bruzaud
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Complex Viscosity ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
Efficient Route

This paper aims to investigate the effect of different chemical modifications of biocomposites based on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) and aloe vera bio-fibers incorporated at 20 wt%. The fiber surface was modified with alkaline, organosilanes, and combined alkaline/organosilanes. Surface morphology, thermal stability, water absorption capacity, and rheological behavior of the modified biocomposite materials were studied, and the results compared to both unmodified biocomposites and neat PHBH. The study showed that the modified biocomposites with both alkaline and organosilanes exhibited an improved surface morphology, resulting in a good fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion. As a result, increases in complex viscosity, storage modulus, and loss modulus were observed, whereas water absorption was reduced. Thermal stability remained almost unchanged, with the exception of the biocomposite treated with alkaline, where this property decreased significantly. Finally, the coupling of alkaline and organosilane modification is an efficient route to enhance the properties of PHBH biocomposites.

Physical Quality of Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longga Linn) Result of Foam-mat Drying Method Using Microwave

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Dhinar Patliani ◽  
Dian Purbasari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Two Factors

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) in Indonesia is widely known as a herbal medicinal plant, food coloring, and food flavoring. The high water content of turmeric will shorten the storage time and the quality of the ingredients. The need for drying which is the process of removing the moisture content of the material with the aim of prolonging the shelf life. The use of the foam-mat drying method with the addition of adhesives aims to speed up the drying process and maintain the quality of a material. The result of drying turmeric obtained is turmeric powder product. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the variation of the microwave oven power and the composition of the developer agent (ovalet). The research procedure was divided into two stages, namely the manufacture of powder and continued with the measurement of physical quality. The stages of making powder begin with the preparation of raw materials, stripping, size reduction, addition of developer, drying, then grinding. The second stage is measuring physical quality, namely fineness modulus, average grain size, powder moisture content, color, water absorption, oil absorption, and bulk density. The power variations used are 420 watts, 535 watts, and 680 watts, while the composition of the developer is 1%, 2%, and 4%. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA statistical test with two factors that affect the variation of power and composition of the developer (ovalet). FM values ​​ranged from 0.364 – 1.576, D values ​​ranged from 0.005 – 0.0012 mm, final moisture content values ​​ranged from 7.60 – 9.59%, powder moisture content values ​​ranged from 9.47 – 11.43%ww , L values ​​ranged from 61.46 – 65.96, a values ​​ranged from 13.54 – 16.05, b values ​​ranged from 48.21 – 52.42, DSA values ​​ranged from 2.78 – 3.54 ml/ g, DSM values ​​ranged from 1.22 – 1.60 ml/g, and DC values ​​ranged from 0.38 – 0.44 g/cm3. The combination treatment of drying power with developer is influenced by the drying power of the parameters, namely the value of moisture content, fineness modulus, average grain size, brightness level, redness level, yellowness level, oil absorption, water absorption, and bulk density. While the developer affects the finenes modulus, average grain size, yellowness level, and bulk density.

Hygrothermal Behavior of T700 and T300 BMI Used for Advanced Polymeric Composite

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 632-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Wei Fang Zhang ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Yu Fen Wu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Hygrothermal Behavior

The mechanism of hydrothermal ageing was investigated for T700/ BMI 5428 and T300/QY8911 by studying its glass transition temperature, tensile/compressive properties, changes of surface morphology absorbed in water with 100°C temperature. Results show that the glass transition temperature getting lower with the rate of water absorption. The tensile/compressive strength of composite decreased in the humid and heat environments, although with the identical failure mode.

The effects of biochar on soil physical properties and winter wheat growth

2012 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel C. Devereux ◽  
Craig J. Sturrock ◽  
Sacha J. Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wetting Ability ◽  
X Ray Computed

ABSTRACTBiochar has been reported to improve soil quality and crop yield; however, less is known about its effects on the physical and, in particular, structural properties of soil. This study examines the potential ability of biochar to improve water retention and crop growth through a pot trial using biochar concentrations of 0%, 1·5%, 2·5% and 5% w/w. X-ray computed tomography was used to measure soil structure via pore size characteristics; this showed that pore size is significantly affected by biochar concentration. Increasing biochar is associated with decreasing average pore size, which we hypothesise would impact heavily on hydraulic performance. At the end of the experiment, average pore size had decreased from 0·07 mm2 in the 0% biochar soil to 0·046 mm2 in the 5% biochar soil. Increased biochar concentration also significantly decreases saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil bulk density. It was also observed that increased biochar significantly decreases soil water repellency. Increased water retention was also observed at low matric potentials, where it was shown that increased biochar is able to retain more water as the soil dried out. The application of biochar had little effect on short-term (<10 weeks) wheat growth, but did improve water retention through a change in soil porosity, pore size, bulk density and wetting ability.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Extrusion Processing Parameters on Physical Properties of Soy White Flakes and High Protein Distillers Dried Grains-Based Extruded Aquafeeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil K. Singh ◽  
K. Muthukumarappan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Expansion Ratio ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Durability Index

<p>Nutritionally balanced ingredient blends for catla (<em>Catla catla</em>), belonging to the family Cyprinidae, were extruded using single screw extruder. The extrusion was carried out at five levels of soy white flakes content (21%, 29%, 40%, 52%, and 59% db), five levels of moisture content (15, 19, 25, 31, and 35% db) and five levels of barrel temperature (100, 110, 125, 140, and 150 ºC) using three different die nozzles (having L/D ratios 3.33, 5.83, and 7.25). Blends with net protein content of 32.5% contains soy white flakes, along with high protein distillers dried grains (HP-DDG), corn flour, corn gluten meal, fish meal, vitamin, and mineral mix. A central composite rotatable design (CCRD) and  response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the significance of independent and interaction effects of the extrusion process variables on the extrudates physical properties namely pellet durability index, bulk density, water absorption and solubility indices and expansion ratio. Quadratic polynomial regression equations were developed to correlate the product responses and process variables as well as to obtain the response surfaces plots. The independent variables had significant (<em>P </em>&lt; 0.05) effects on physical properties of extrudates: (i) higher soy white flakes content increased the pellet durability index and water absorption index, but decreased the water solubility index, (ii) higher temperature decreased pellet durability index, bulk density and water solubility index, (iii) increased L/D ratio from 3.33 to 7.25 increased the pellet durability index, expansion ratio but decreased the bulk density of the extrudates.</p>

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