Effect of <em>Fucus extract</em> and biomass enriched with Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions on the growth of garden cress (<em>Lepidium sativum</em>) under laboratory conditions

In the present study, brown seaweed - Fucus vesiculosus was used as a raw material for the preparation of bio-products for sustainable agriculture. Biosorption was applied to produce fertilizer additives with microelements. F. vesiculosus was enriched with Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions. Biostimulants of plant growth were obtained by seaweed extraction with potassium hydroxide. Different doses of enriched F. vesiculosus (1, 2, 4, 6 mg/per Petri dish) and concentrations of seaweed extract (2.5, 5 and 10%) were examined in germination test on garden cress (Lepidium sativum). The effect of both algal products on the plant length, RGB parameters in leaves and biomass multielement composition was examined. Results showed that the biomass enrichment did not influence plant length and RGB parameters. Taking into account these two parameters, the best results were obtained in the group treated with natural F. vesiculosus (higher than in the control group, treated with distilled water). Enriched F. vesiculosus biofortified garden cress with Cu and Zn. In the case of Fucus extract, 5% concentration increased plant length and the value of RGB parameters when compared with the control group. Also this extract concentration resulted in elevated content of micro- and macroelements in Lepidium sativum. Seaweed extract is recommended for further research as biostimulant of plant growth. Highlights - Fucus vesiculosus is a valuable raw material for agriculture. - Fucus vesiculosus extract can act as biostimulants of plant growth. - Fucus vesiculosus enriched with microelements via biosorption can be used as a fertilizing material providing plants with these nutrients. - Fucus products can biofortify edible plants in essential microelements. - Fucus extracts can enhance plant length and chlorophyll content.

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Effect of Brown Seaweed Extract of Sargassum Johnstonii on Vegetable Plant Growth and Biochemical Constituent

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology ◽

10.22214/ijraset.2019.3391 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 2113-2119

Author(s):

Janvi V. Patel Janvi V. Patel

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Brown Seaweed ◽

Seaweed Extract ◽

Biochemical Constituent

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PERIODICITIES IN THE INFLUENCES OF AIR IONS ON THE GROWTH OF GARDEN CRESS, LEPIDIUM SATIVUM L.

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps67-090 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 499-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

M. G. Maw

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Garden Cress ◽

Air Ions ◽

Lunar Phases ◽

Rate Of Growth ◽

Negative Air Ions ◽

Growth Differences ◽

Lepidium Sativum L

When garden cress was exposed to either positive or negative air ions there was a net increase in the rate of growth, and an apparent periodicity, coincident with lunar phases, in the growth differences between the ion-treated and the control plants. A mechanism is suggested whereby lunar and other geophysical factors influence plant growth and other biotic phenomena.

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Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Neem Leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) on the Control of Costalimaita ferruginea (Fabricius, 1801)

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i930421 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

Roldão Carlos Andrade Lima ◽

Mauricélia Ferreira Almeida ◽

Adriana de Sousa Freitas ◽

Andressa Layane Ferreira Linhares ◽

Bianca Pinheiro da Costa Neiva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Mineral Water ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Raw Material ◽

Control Group ◽

State University ◽

Insecticidal Effect ◽

Neem Leaves ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rapid Effect

Aims: Evaluate the insecticidal effect of the aqueous extract of neem leaves on the control of Costalimaita ferruginea in eucalyptus. Place and Duration of Study: Entomology Laboratory of the Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA) of the State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão (UEMASUL) between November 2016 and July 2017. Methodology: Neem aqueous extract solutions were tested at concentrations of 40, 60 and 80%, and the control group treated with mineral water. Leaves of eucalyptus seedlings were immersed in each concentration and individualized in Petri dishes together with the insects. The design was completely randomized with four treatments and ten repetitions, each repetition consisting of a Petri dish with an insect and a eucalyptus leaf. The evaluations were carried out daily, analyzing the mortality of adults, and the leaves were replaced by others submitted to the same treatment and procedure described above. Results: In the evaluations of 12, 60, 72 and 84 hours there was no significant difference. 36 hours after the implementation of the experiment, the 60% neem concentration resulted in 100% mortality of specimens. Conclusion: The 60% neem concentration is the most efficient due to its rapid effect on C. ferruginea mortality and economy of raw material for production.

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Improved Glucose Recovery from Sicyos angulatus by NaOH Pretreatment and Application to Bioethanol Production

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9020245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 245

Author(s):

Hyung-Eun An ◽

Kang Hyun Lee ◽

Ye Won Jang ◽

Chang-Bae Kim ◽

Hah Young Yoo

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Food Resource ◽

Raw Material ◽

Control Group ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Naoh Pretreatment ◽

Glucose Recovery ◽

Harmful Species

As greenhouse gases and environmental pollution become serious, the demand for alternative energy such as bioethanol has rapidly increased, and a large supply of biomass is required for bioenergy production. Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant on the planet and a large part of it, the second-generation biomass, has the advantage of not being a food resource. In this study, Sicyos angulatus, known as an invasive plant (harmful) species, was used as a raw material for bioethanol production. In order to improve enzymatic hydrolysis, S. angulatus was pretreated with different NaOH concentration at 121 °C for 10 min. The optimal NaOH concentration for the pretreatment was determined to be 2% (w/w), and the glucan content (GC) and enzymatic digestibility (ED) were 46.7% and 55.3%, respectively. Through NaOH pretreatment, the GC and ED of S. angulatus were improved by 2.4-fold and 2.5-fold, respectively, compared to the control (untreated S. angulatus). The hydrolysates from S. angulatus were applied to a medium for bioethanol fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae K35. Finally, the maximum ethanol production was found to be 41.3 g based on 1000 g S. angulatus, which was 2.4-fold improved than the control group.

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The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on Magnolia wufengensis L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12010019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Xiaodeng Shi ◽

Siyu Chen ◽

Zhongkui Jia

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Control Group ◽

Growth Retardants ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Node Number ◽

Plant Growth Retardants ◽

One Year ◽

Prohexadione Calcium ◽

Magnolia Wufengensis

The effects of varieties, concentrations, and number of applications of plant growth retardants (PGRs) on the morphological, physiological, and endogenous hormones of Magnolia wufengensis L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang were assessed to obtain the most suitable dwarfing protocol for M. wufengensis and to provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the cultivation and promotion of this species. One-year-old M. wufengensis ‘Jiaohong No. 2’ grafted seedlings served as the experimental materials. In the first part of the experiment, three PGRs (uniconazole, paclobutrazol, prohexadione calcium), three concentrations (500, 1000, 1500 ppm), and three applications (one, three, and five applications) were applied in dwarfing experiments to perform L9 (34) orthogonal tests. In the second part of the study, dwarfing experiments were supplemented with different high uniconazole concentrations (0, 1500, 2000, 2500 ppm). Spraying 1500 ppm uniconazole five times achieved the best M. wufengensis dwarfing effect, related indicators of M. wufengensis under this treatment were better than other treatment combinations. Here, M. wufengensis plant height, internode length, scion diameter, and node number were significantly reduced by 56.9%, 62.6%, 72.8%, and 74.4%, respectively, compared with the control group. This treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 66.0%, peroxidase (POD) activity by 85.0%, soluble protein contents by 43.3%, and soluble sugar contents by 27.6%, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents by 32.1% in leaves of M. wufengensis compared with the control. The stress resistance of M. wufengensis was enhanced. The treatment also reduced gibberellin (GA3) levels by 73.0%, auxin (IAA) by 58.0%, and zeatin (ZT) by 70.6%, and increased (abscisic acid) ABA by 98.1% in the leaves of M. wufengensis. The uniconazole supplementation experiment also showed that 1500 ppm was the optimal uniconazole concentration. The leaves exhibited abnormalities such as crinkling or adhesion when 2000 or 2500 ppm was applied. Given the importance of morphological indicators and dwarfing for the ornamental value of M. wufengensis, the optimal dwarfing treatment for M. wufengensis was spraying 1500 ppm uniconazole five times.

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Humic + Fulvic acid mitigated Cd adverse effects on plant growth, physiology and biochemical properties of garden cress

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86991-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ertan Yildirim ◽

Melek Ekinci ◽

Metin Turan ◽

Güleray Ağar ◽

Atilla Dursun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Fulvic Acid ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Hydroxyl Groups ◽

Cd Stress ◽

Garden Cress ◽

Cd Uptake ◽

Fresh Leaf

AbstractCadmium (Cd) is a toxic and very mobile heavy metal that can be adsorbed and uptaken by plants in large quantities without any visible sign. Therefore, stabilization of Cd before uptake is crucial to the conservation of biodiversity and food safety. Owing to the high number of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups in their structure, humic substances form strong bonds with heavy metals which makes them perfect stabilizing agents. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of humic and fulvic acid (HA + FA) levels (0, 3500, 5250, and 7000 mg/L) on alleviation of Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in garden cress (Lepidium sativum) contaminated with Cd (CdSO4.8H2O) (0, 100, and 200 Cd mg/kg) under greenhouse conditions. Our results showed that, Cd stress had a negative effect on the growth of garden cress, decreased leaf fresh, leaf dry, root fresh and root dry weights, leaf relative water content (LRWC), and mineral content except for Cd, and increased the membrane permeability (MP) and enzyme (CAT, SOD and POD) activity. However, the HA + FA applications decreased the adverse effects of the Cd pollution. At 200 mg/kg Cd pollution, HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L increased the leaf fresh, leaf dry, root fresh, root dry weights, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll reading value (CRV), MP, and LRWC values by 262%, 137%, 550%,133%, 92%, 104%, 34%, 537%, and 32% respectively, compared to the control. Although the highest H2O2, MDA, proline and sucrose values were obtained at 200 mg/L Cd pollution, HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L successfully alleviated the deleterious effects of Cd stress by decreasing H2O2, MDA, proline, and sucrose values by 66%, 68%, 70%, and 56%, respectively at 200 mg/kg Cd pollution level. HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L successfully mitigated the negative impacts of Cd pollution by enhanced N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mn, Zn, and B by 75%, 23%, 84%, 87%, 40%, 85%, 143%, 1%, 65%, and 115%, respectively. In addition, HA + FA application at a concentration of 7000 mg/L successfully reduced Cd uptake by 95% and Cl uptake by 80%. Considering the plant growth parameters, the best results were determined when HA + FA concentration was 7000 mg/L. We have shown that, it is critical to apply a humic substance with high percentage of FA, which was 10% in this study, to mitigate the adverse effects of heavy metal stress on plant growth. In conclusion, the application of HA + FA may be suggested as an effective solution for reducing the Cd uptake of the plants by stabilizing Cd in soil and preventing translocation of Cd from the roots of plant to its shoot and leaves.

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The effect of seaweed extract on tomato plant growth, productivity and soil

Journal of Applied Phycology ◽

10.1007/s10811-021-02387-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hashmath Inayath Hussain ◽

Naga Kasinadhuni ◽

Tony Arioli

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Tomato Plant ◽

Root Zone ◽

Soil Health ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Bacterial Count ◽

Community Diversity ◽

Seaweed Extract ◽

Total Bacterial Count ◽

Soil Biology

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of seaweed extract (SWE) made from the brown algae Durvillaea potatorum and Ascophyllum nodosum on plants and soil. The application of SWE to soil growing tomato plants showed dual effects. SWE comprehensively improved tomato plant growth (flower clusters, flower number, fruit number, root length, root and shoot dry weight, SPAD) and increased plant productivity (yield and quality). Similarly, SWE application effected soil biology at the soil root zone by increasing total bacterial count and available soil nitrogen and impacting bacterial community diversity with an increase in certain bacterial families linked to soil health. A broader understanding of the effects of SWE on the plant-soil ecosystem may offer breakthrough approaches for sustainable food production.

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Clinical Efficacy of Brown Seaweeds Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus in the Prevention or Delay Progression of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Trials

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030714 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 714

Author(s):

Enver Keleszade ◽

Michael Patterson ◽

Steven Trangmar ◽

Kieran J. Guinan ◽

Adele Costabile

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Brown Seaweed ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽

Fucus Vesiculosus ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

World Population ◽

Brown Seaweeds ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global public health problem affecting nearly 25.9% of the world population characterised by a cluster of disorders dominated by abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high fasting plasma glucose, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL-cholesterol. In recent years, marine organisms, especially seaweeds, have been highlighted as potential natural sources of bioactive compounds and useful metabolites, with many biological and physiological activities to be used in functional foods or in human nutraceuticals for the management of MetS and related disorders. Of the three groups of seaweeds, brown seaweeds are known to contain more bioactive components than either red and green seaweeds. Among the different brown seaweed species, Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus have the highest antioxidant values and highest total phenolic content. However, the evidence base relies mainly on cell line and small animal models, with few studies to date involving humans. This review intends to provide an overview of the potential of brown seaweed extracts Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus for the management and prevention of MetS and related conditions, based on the available evidence obtained from clinical trials.

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