scholarly journals Tooth occlusion pattern of the hausas in Zaria, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1723-1726
Author(s):  
Ese Anibor
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Significant Gender Difference

The study was carried out to deduce the tooth occlusion pattern among the Hausas in Zaria, Nigeria. A total of 384 subjects made up of 184 males and 200 females within the ages of 20-49 years participated in this study. Data was collected by means of questionnaire. Results revealed that mild overbite type is the commonest (male = 33.6%, female = 32.6%) which was followed by edge to edge bite (male = 13.3%, female = 10.4%). The incidence of the severe overbite was observed more in males (3.4%) than females (2.1%). The incidence of negative overbite was observed more in females (2.9%) than males (1.8%). The results showed no significant gender difference (p≥0.05) in the tooth occlusion pattern. The tooth occlusion pattern of the Hausas in Zaria, Nigeria is such that some occlusion types are relatively more common in females than the male counterparts and vice versa. The mild overbite type of occlusion is the commonest among the Hausas in Zaria, Nigeria. The negative overbite is the least common tooth occlusion pattern among the Hausas in Zaria, Nigeria. Key words: Nigeria; Occlusion; Pattern; Tooth; Zaria

scholarly journals Comparing visual acuity in preschool children using the Lea symbols and Sheridan Gardiner charts

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghafekokhian B. Osaiyuwu ◽  
George N. Atuanya
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Significant Gender Difference ◽  
Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Nursery Schools

Visual acuity measurement is a vital part of an optometric examination. The purpose of the present study was to compare visual acuity in preschool children using two charts – the Lea symbols chart and the Sheridan Gardiner chart. One hundred and fifty-three preschool children (72 boys and 81 girls) between the ages of 3 and 5 years (mean age and standard deviation 4.23 ± 0.78 years) were recruited from five randomly selected nursery schools. Distance visual acuity was measured monocularly and binocularly after a pre-test was done. An interval of 5 minutes was allowed for testing with both charts. The ages and sexes of each child were documented. Results showed a statistical difference in visual acuities using both charts (p < 0.05). There was also a statistical difference in both charts regarding age. There was no significant gender difference between the results from each chart.

scholarly journals The effect of psychological and contextual factors on the entrepreneurial intention of university students in South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1297-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obey Dzomonda ◽  
Olawale Fatoki ◽  
Olabanji Oni
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
University Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Study Data ◽  
High Level

This study focused on investigating the factors that affect the entrepreneurial intention of final year undergraduate students at a South African university. It aimed to achieve the following objectives, (1) to assess the entrepreneurial intention of final year university students, (2) to investigate the effect of psychological and contextual factors on entrepreneurial intention of final year university students and (3) to examine if there is a gender difference in the effect of psychological and contextual factors on entrepreneurial intention of final year university students. The study examined the effect of psychological and contextual factors on the entrepreneurial intention of final year undergraduate students. The study used the quantitative research method with a descriptive research design. 140 students participated in the survey and data was collected through the use of self-administered questionnaire in a survey. The participants in the study were final year undergraduate business management students. The convenience sampling technique was used in the study. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and the T-test. The results indicated that business students have a high level of entrepreneurial intention. Both psychological and contextual factors positively impact on entrepreneurial intention. There is no significant gender difference. Recommendations to improve the entrepreneurial intention of students are suggested.

scholarly journals Cerita Tuung Kuning: Sebuah Kajian Kritik Feminis

ATAVISME ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Cokorda Istri Sukrawati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Feminist Literary Criticism ◽  
Daily Behavior ◽  
Key Words Gender ◽  
Numerous Work

Perbedaan gender sesungguhnya tidak menjadi masalah sepanjang tidak melahirkan ketidakadilan gender. Ketidakadilan gender termanifestasikan dalam berbagai bentuk, seperti marginalisasi, subordinasi, pembentukan stereotipe melalui pelabelan negatif, kekerasan, beban kerja lebih panjang dan lebih banyak, serta sosialisasi ideologi nilai peran gender yang umumnya ditanggung dan dibebankan pada wanita. Semua hal itu digunakan untuk mewahanai kritik sastra feminis, khususnya mengenai citra wanita dalam cerita Tuung Kuning. Citra wanita yang dimaksud adalah semua gambaran atau lukisan mental spiritual dan tingkah laku keseharian wanita. Wanita dalam karya­karya sastra Bali dilukiskan dalam berbagai citra yang pada dasarnya menunjukkan inferioritas wanita. Dalam kajian cerita Tuung Kuning, citra wanita yang paling menonjol adalah “wanita sebagai korban kesewenangan laki­laki”. Abstract: The gender difference is not really a problem as long as they do not deliver gender inequality. Gender inequality is manifested in various forms, such as marginalization, stereotyping through the formation of negative labeling, violence, longer and more numerous work load, and dissemination of the ideology of gender roles generally incurred and charged to women. All of those are used to drive feminist literary criticism, particularly on women image in the story of Tuung Kuning. The women image in this story is all kinds of an idea or mental illustration of the spiritual and daily behavior of women. Women in Balinese literature are illustrated in various images which essentially demonstrates women inferiorism. In the study of the Tuung Kuning story, the most prominent image of women is “women as victims of male tyranny”. Key Words: gender, marginalization, violence, and women

scholarly journals Childhood Psychological Abuse and Mental Health of Youth

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa K Damodaran ◽  
Jeny Rapheal ◽  
Varghese Paul.K
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Significant Gender Difference ◽  
Health It ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Main Effect

Mental health is clearly an integral part of health. It is part of an individual’s capacity to lead a happy and fulfilling life. As a form of child maltreatment psychological abuse can have a significant impact upon the mental health. The current study examined the influencing role of psychological abuse on mental health among 211 Keralite undergraduate youth between 18 to 24 years from data collected using Mental Health Inventory and Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse Questionnaire-2. Results revealed average mental health of youth with no significant gender difference in mental health and in the prevalence of psychological abuse except in its severity from father. Psychological abuse significantly correlated with mental health variables. A 2 way ANOVA showed significant main effect of severe maternal psychological abuse on mental health. Severity of parental psychological abuse significantly predicted poor mental health (18.7% variability). The findings indicate the need for more effective measures to prevent psychological abuse of children.

scholarly journals Symptoms and Underlying Factors of Depression among Inmates in Bonga Town Correctional Center, Kaffa Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Roba Agegnew ◽  
Aregash Hassen Mohammed ◽  
Berhanu Nigussie Worku
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Male Inmates ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Depression Change

The main objective of this study was to examine symptoms and underlying factors of depression among inmates of Bonga Town correctional center. The institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed and through systematic sampling, 327 inmates from February to March 2017 were considered for this study. Data was collected by using a standardized self-reported questionnaire. Stepwise regression was conducted to identify associated factors. Mann Whitney U test was used to determine gender difference on symptoms of depression. The finding of this study revealed symptoms of depression (change in appetite, change in sleep pattern, loss of energy, self-dislike) prevail among inmates of Bonga Town correctional center. The level of depression was moderate 52.29%. Pessimism (r=.120, P=.030), self-dislike (r=.136, P=.014) and crying (r=.142, p=.010) were symptoms of depression associated with inmates years of incarceration. Socio-demographic factors, environmental factors were to as well as psychosocial factors were associated with depression. There was a significant gender difference in each symptom of depression; i.e female inmates suffered more than male inmates in each symptom of. Bonga correctional center communities should work cooperatively with Bonga G/Tsadik Shawo hospital to help inmates who were at risk.

scholarly journals Fraternal Relative Deprivation of a Tribal Population in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
And Gender

The study investigated fraternal relative deprivation of a tribal population (Chakma) in connection with their education, residence and gender difference in the socio-political and economic conditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), Bangladesh. The study used a sample composed of 240 respondents. The Fraternal Relative Deprivation Scale (FRDS) was used for data collection. A 2????2????2 factorial design involving two levels of education (graduate vs. undergraduate), two levels of residence (urban vs. rural) and two levels of gender (male vs. female) was utilized. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for the analysis of data. Results show that undergraduate respondents expressed significantly higher intensity in perceived fraternal relative deprivation as compared to their graduate counterparts. Similarly, male respondents felt more relative deprivation as compared to the female respondents. Key words: Fraternal relative deprivatio;, tribal population; Chakma; egoistic relative deprivation; social identity DOI: 10.3329/jles.v3i0.7442 J. Life Earth Sci., Vols. 3-4: 29-32, 2009

The Optimal Joint Angle for Adductor Pollicis Force Production in Men and Women

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 570-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ditor ◽  
Audrey Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Joint Angle ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Adductor Pollicis ◽  
Rate Of Force Development ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Twitch Force ◽  
Force Development ◽  
Nondominant Hand

The purpose of this study was to determine the joint angle that allows for the greatest MVC and evoked twitch forces from the adductor pollicis (AP), and also whether there is a gender difference in either the above forces or the optimum thumb angle. Ten men (25.2 yrs) and 10 women (27.6 yrs) participated. The nondominant hand was placed palm-down with the thumb fixed at four angles of abduction (55, 70, 85, 100°). Male MVC forces were significantly greater than female, and there was no significant effect of joint angle on MVC force in either gender. For the evoked twitch, men were significantly stronger than women when tested at the 100 and 85° angles, and a significant effect was found for joint angle such that the lowest twitch force occurred at 55°. Men also tended to have a greater rate of force development than women (p = 0.07). These data suggest that studies using the AP muscle in stimulated and voluntary paradigms should use a thumb angle between 70 and 100° of abduction, or approximately 85°, and that the same angle can be used for both men and women. Key words: evoked twitch, MVC, gender, EMG, rate of force development

Melatonin secretion occurs at a constant rate in both young and older men and women

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (1) ◽  
pp. E11-E22 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Fourtillan ◽  
A. M. Brisson ◽  
M. Fourtillan ◽  
I. Ingrand ◽  
J. P. Decourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Gender Difference ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Older Men And Women

The magnitude and duration of melatonin (MLT) secretion were measured over a period of 25 h with pharmacokinetic studies employing administration of D7MLT at midday and at midnight in two separate studies and two groups of subjects, 12 young and 11 older men and women. Plasma levels of endogenous MLT and D7MLT were quantified separately by use of a specific and sensitive method (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) previously developed in our laboratory, enabling us to measure endogenous and exogenous MLT levels down to 0.5 pg/ml in plasma. In the two groups of subjects, MLT secretion occurred only at night: onset time of secretion was from 1915 to 2205 (Greenwich mean time), and offset was from 0305 to 0545. No MLT peak was observed in individual nocturnal MLT profiles that were similar to curves obtained for a rate-constant infusion. Modelization demonstrated the superimposition of observed data and simulated curves. MLT concentrations decreasing from the offset of secretion might correspond to the elimination of MLT present in the body at the end of nocturnal secretion. By use of the MLT clearance given by pharmacokinetics, the amount of secreted MLT was found to be 35.7 and 21.6 μg for men and women, respectively, and the rate of secretion was 4.6 and 2.8 μg/h, respectively. No significant gender difference was observed for these two parameters when normalized to body weight. No significant gender difference was observed for onset times of secretion or duration of secretion (7.6–8.6 h) within the two groups, or between young and older subjects.

Gender Differences in Ego Level

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 752-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Hay Mabry
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Ego Development ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Significant Gender Difference ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
Completion Test

Entering college students (110 women and 63 men) completed a short form (12 items) of the Washington Sentence Completion Test of ego development. Using a Cramer's Phi, a significant gender difference on ego level scores was found, with women scoring higher.

Conceptualizing Attitudes Toward Play: The Game Orientation Scale and the Context Modified Webb Scale

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Lacy ◽  
Donald L. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Gender Difference ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Orientation Scale ◽  
Kendall Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this investigation was to advance recent discussion about the relative merits of two alternative instruments involved in the assessment of game orientation. Fourth- and fifth-grade students (N=471) responded to a questionnaire containing both the Game Orientation Scale (GOS) and an adapted version of the original Webb Scale referred to as the “Context Modified Webb Scale” (CMW). CMW and GOS scores were then compared with scores reported in previous studies using each instrument, and the relationship between GOS and CMW scores was investigated using a series of Kendall correlation coefficients. CMW scores behaved consistently with previous results, but a significant gender difference emerged, which had not been seen previously in the GOS. Despite the differences in the way the two instruments approach the specification of play context, and despite the fact that one measures relative values while the other measures absolute values, small but conceptually sensible correlations between the two instruments were found consistently.

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