scholarly journals Effets des amendements sur la croissance, le rendement et la composition chimique de la morelle noire (Solanum nigrum L) en zone périurbaine de Yaoundé, Cameroun

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2134-2146
Author(s):  
Amina Aboubakar ◽  
Bertrand Zing Zing ◽  
Aline Béatrice Nzeket ◽  
Diane Armelle Moussima Yaka ◽  
Armelle Nadine Tchudjo Tchuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Composition Chimique ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Leaf Yield

Une gestion efficace de la fertilité des sols en zone urbaine est un grand défi pour la production alimentaire dans les villes sub-sahariennes. La présente étude évalue l'effet de l'utilisation des engrais organiques sur les paramètres de croissance, le rendement en feuilles et la composition chimique de la morelle noire. Cette expérimentation a été faite au jardin maraîcher de Nkolbisson. Le dispositif expérimental concernait quatre traitements : le témoin sans engrais (T1), 195 kg de N/ha d'engrais chimique (T2), 6,67 t/ha de fiente de poule (T3) et 6,67 t/ha de bouse de vache (T4). Les paramètres agronomiques de croissance ont été mesurés. Des différences très significatives (P <0,05) ont été observées entre les traitements. La tendance générale a montré une augmentation de la majorité des paramètres mesurés pour les traitements aux engrais. Les valeurs les plus élevées ont été obtenues pour T4. La classification des traitements en fonction de leur influence positive sur le rendement en feuille est T4(8,77 ± 1,15) t/ha> T3(6,38 ± 0,51) t/ha = T2(5,88 ± 1,06) t/ha> T1(4,09 ± 1,07) t/ha. L’utilisation d’engrais organiques produits dans la ville peut fournir des quantités de nutriments nécessaires pour la production des légumes feuilles noires et, par conséquent améliorer leurs rendements. Mots clés : Bouse de vache, engrais minéral, fiente de poule, Solanum nigrum. English title: Effects of amendments on growth, yield and chemical composition of black nightshade in suburban areas of Yaoundé, CameroonEfficient soil fertility management in urban areas is a big challenge for food production in sub-Saharan cities. This study assesses the effect of using organic fertilizers on growth parameters, leaf yield and chemical composition of black nightshade. This experiment was carried out at the Nkolbisson market garden. The experimental set-up involved four treatments: the control without fertilizer (T1), 195 kg of N / ha of chemical fertilizer (T2), 6.67 t / ha of chicken droppings (T3) and 6.67 t / ha of cow dung (T4). Agronomic growth parameters were measured. Very significant differences (P <0.05) were observed between the treatments. The general trend has shown an increase in the majority of the parameters measured for fertilizer treatments. The highest values were obtained for T4. The classification of treatments according to their positive influence on leaf yield is T4 (8.77 ± 1.15) t/ha> T3 (6.38 ± 0.51) t/ha = T2 (5.88 ± 1.06) t/ha> T1 (4.09 ± 1.07) t/ha. The use of organic fertilizers produced in the city can provide quantities of nutrients necessary for the production of black leafy vegetables and therefore improve their yields.Keywords: Chicken droppings, cow dung, mineral fertilizer, Solanum nigrum.  

scholarly journals Response of Cleome Gynandra to Animal Manure

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinashe Magada Mwarozva ◽  
Lovejoy Tembo ◽  
Sommerset Mhungu ◽  
Reason R Charachimwe
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cleome Gynandra ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Goat Manure

Low inherent soil fertility and high cost of synthetic fertilizers are some of the factors hindering productivity of indigenous leafy vegetables. Response of Cleome gynandra to cattle, goat and chicken manure was thus evaluated at Horticulture Research Institute, Marondera, Zimbabwe. The field trial was laid out as a Randomized Complete Block Design with seven treatments, replicated three times. Treatment levels comprised application rates of 50t/ha, 30t/ha and 0t/ha for cattle, goat and chicken manures. Results showed significant influence (P<0.05) of manure on germination percentage, growth parameters and leaf yield. Goat manure performed better than cattle and chicken manure with the highest germination, plant height and leaf yield of 100%, 48.2cm and 32.68t/ha respectively. Thus production of C. gynandra using goat manure is recommended for optimum yield. However, further studies under different manure type combinations and the cost benefit analysis of using animal manures for C. gynandra production are also recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Nutrient Sources on Seedling Growth of Annona Muricata Linn

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Dada C. A. ◽  
Kayode J. ◽  
Arowosegbe S. ◽  
Olaniyi T. A
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
The Impact

The impact of nutrient sources cannot be over emphasised in plant growth. Seedlings of Annona muricata were subjected to organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers and fertilizer-free treatmentsin this study. The organic fertilizers comprises of cow dung, poultry manure and water hyacinth, while NPK fertilizer was used as the inorganic manure and Top soil without fertilizer application was used as the control. The organic fertilizers were singly used and mixed at the rate of 100kg/ha and 200kg/ha while the inorganic fertilizer was used at the rate 100kg/ha and 200kg/ha. The parameters taken were plant height, stem girth, leaf area and leaf production. Results obtained showed that poultry manure produced the tallest plants (23.50cm) at 3months after transplanting though this was not significantly different from those of cow dung manure (23.00cm). NPK fertilizer produced the plant with highest leaf area (32.75cm) and stem girth (2.25cm) at 3 months after transplanting and was not significantly different from the organic fertilizers (Poultry manure 200g/ha, Cow dung 200g/ha, Water hyacinth 100g/ha and 200g/ha). NPK fertilizer also produced the highest number of leaves at the end of the three month assessment (31.00cm). All the growth parameters observed showed that the control experiment gave the least performance. The results obtained tend to suggest that the use of NPK fertilizer should be recommended for growing Annona muricata and improvement of the soil nutrients level.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Nutrient Sources on Seedling Growth of Annona Muricata Linn.

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Dada C. A. ◽  
Kayode J. ◽  
Arowosegbe S. ◽  
Olaniyi T. A.
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
The Impact

The impact of nutrient sources cannot be over emphasised in plant growth. Seedlings of Annona muricata were subjected to organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers and fertilizer-free treatmentsin this study. The organic fertilizers comprises of cow dung, poultry manure and water hyacinth, while NPK fertilizer was used as the inorganic manure and Top soil without fertilizer application was used as the control. The organic fertilizers were singly used and mixed at the rate of 100kg/ha and 200kg/ha while the inorganic fertilizer was used at the rate 100kg/ha and 200kg/ha. The parameters taken were plant height, stem girth, leaf area and leaf production. Results obtained showed that poultry manure produced the tallest plants (23.50cm) at 3months after transplanting though this was not significantly different from those of cow dung manure (23.00cm). NPK fertilizer produced the plant with highest leaf area (32.75cm) and stem girth (2.25cm) at 3 months after transplanting and was not significantly different from the organic fertilizers (Poultry manure 200g/ha, Cow dung 200g/ha, Water hyacinth 100g/ha and 200g/ha). NPK fertilizer also produced the highest number of leaves at the end of the three month assessment (31.00cm). All the growth parameters observed showed that the control experiment gave the least performance. The results obtained tend to suggest that the use of NPK fertilizer should be recommended for growing Annona muricata and improvement of the soil nutrients level.

Mechanical Factors of Infl uence on Biological Effi ciency of Solanum Nigrum L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
O. Ivashchenko ◽  
O. Ivashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Black Nightshade ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Weed Plants ◽  
Sensitivity Level ◽  
Solanum Nigrum L ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Working Out

Aim. Studying of black nightshade young plants’ response to the induced mechanical stresses. Methods. Researches conducted in small plot fi eld experiments. Results. Change of sensitivity level of Solanum nigrum L. plants depending on phases of their development at the moment of damage of elevated parts has been proven. Owing to loss of the surface capable to photosynthesis, there is an essential decrease in volumes of photosynthesis at plants of weed survived and their possibilities of ontogeny passage. The deep induced dis- stresses reduce biological effi ciency of plants, their ability to accumulate weight and to form seeds and even lead them to death. Conclusions. The defi ned principles of response of weed plants to the induced mechanical dis-stresses are can be used for working out and ecological receptions of crops protection from weeds.

Urbanization and Changes in Cropping Patterns at Kathmandu Valley

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Man Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Agriculture Land

The increase of population in Kathmandu valley is bringing a considerable change in cropping system. Rapid urbanization and introduction of new agriculture technology have encouraged the valley’s farmers to change their cropping patterns from traditional (low value crops) to new crops (high value crops). According to numerous studies made in Nepal, the change is seen considerably in winter crops than in summer crops and the land under cultivation of green leafy vegetables is increasing rapidly in the urban and semi-urban areas. An average growth of population at 3 % in the valley during the period 1951-2001 has resulted in the rapid expansion of area under urban coverage (24.6 % growth per year from 1984 - 2000) has made agriculture land of Katmandu valley to decline per year by 2.04 % (836.27 ha per year). If this trend of decline in agriculture land in Kathmandu valley continues in future too, it is expected that there will be no agriculture land left over by two and half decades in the valley. The planners should take note of this fact that if fertile land of Katmandu valley is to be preserved for agriculture necessary planning is urgently needed. <i>Nepal Journal of Science and Technology</i> Vol. 7, 2006

Pertumbuhan Cladocera jenis Chydoridae pada media kultur yang berbeda

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denovis Sambode ◽  
Henneke Pangkey ◽  
Sartje Lantu
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Medium Culture

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of different organic fertilizers on the population growth of Chydorus sp. This research was conducted at Laboratorium of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, from December, 2012 to January, 2013. The experiment was run in the Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments and 3 replication. Chydorus sp. was cultured in 9 glass jars with a volume of 1 L each. Three treatments applied in this research included A: medium culture composed of 500ml of water and 50 grams of soil; B: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of cow dung; C: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of horse dung. The density of Cydorus sp. in each media was 10 individuals /500 ml water. Observation on the population growth, development of live preys, and water quality parameters was conducted for 20 days period. Data were statistically analized with Analysis of variance. The results showed the highest density of Chydorus sp. was reached by Chydorus cultured in medium with horse manure (2169 individual/500 ml), followed by medium culture with cow manure (1715 individual/500 ml), and the lowest in medium culture with soil which was 1065,33 individual/500 ml. However, Analysis of variances showed that Chydorus population growth were not significantly affected by different culture medium. Keywords: manure, liquid fertilizer, growth, Chydorus sp.

scholarly journals Volcanic Ash as a Sustainable Binder Material: An Extensive Review

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1302
Author(s):  
Andrés Játiva ◽  
Evelyn Ruales ◽  
Miren Etxeberria
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Alkali Activated

The construction industry is affected by the constant growth in the populations of urban areas. The demand for cement production has an increasing environmental impact, and there are urgent demands for alternative sustainable solutions. Volcanic ash (VA) is an abundant low-cost material that, because of its chemical composition and amorphous atomic structure, has been considered as a suitable material to replace Portland cement clinker for use as a binder in cement production. In the last decade, there has been interest in using alkali-activated VA material as an alternative material to replace ordinary Portland cement. In this way, a valuable product may be derived from a currently under-utilized material. Additionally, alkali-activated VA-based materials may be suitable for building applications because of their good densification behaviour, mechanical properties and low porosity. This article describes the most relevant findings from researchers around the world on the role of the chemical composition and mineral contents of VA on reactivity during the alkali-activation reaction; the effect of synthesis factors, which include the concentration of the alkaline activator, the solution-to-binder ratio and the curing conditions, on the properties of alkali-activated VA-based materials; and the mechanical performance and durability properties of these materials.

scholarly journals Assessment on the Effects of Potting Media on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-975
Author(s):  
M.K. Peter ◽  
SIN Agera ◽  
J.I. Amonum
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Potting Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Poultry Droppings

This study investigated the effects of potting media on seed germination and early seedling growth of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir at the Forestry Nursery in Jos, Nigeria. Using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates, laboratory-tested soil samples, top soil, sharp sand, sharp sand + top soil, sharp sand + top soil + cow dung and sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings were used in various combinations to assess the growth parameters of P. erinaceus (germination percentage, emergence, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and stem diameter) for 12 weeks. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze collected data. Result indicated that sharp sand + top soil + poultry droppings had the highest nitrogen concentration (2.19%), sharp sand + top soil + cow dung (2.07%), sharp sand + top soil (1.50%), top soil (0.72%) and Sharp sand (0.38%). Potting media with poultry droppings recorded an overall higher percentage germination of 42.9% by the end of the germination period. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of collected data on combined soil aggregate on growth parameters indicated a significant (p<0.05) difference in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and stem diameter. Potting with poultry dropping gave the best potting media growth results when compared to other treatments that enhanced seed germination and seedling growth of P. erinaceus. This superior observation of the poultry droppings incorporated potting mixtures over the cow dung provides an outstanding potentials to enhance P. erinaceus plantation establishment. Consequently, recommended for raising seedlings in the nursery as well as ensuring sustainable management.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES IN URBAN AREAS OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL-PRELIMINARY STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
E. Teixeira ◽  
J. Fachel Braga ◽  
J.D. D. Migliavacca ◽  
M.L.L.Fomoso Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Atmospheric Particles ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Cluster Data ◽  
Steel Industries

This work reports the determination of the concentration and chemical composition of atmospheric particles in the urban districts of Charqueadas and Sapucaia do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Chemical composition, morphology, and particle size were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive x=ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS). Cluster analysis showed that there were six types of particles: Fe-Zn, Fe, Si=Al, Si, Ca-S, and Na. Factorial analysis from cluster data showed that particles rich in Fe-Zn, Si-Al, and Ca-S appeared more frequently, indicating anthropogenic influence (vehicles, steel plants, coal-fired power stations). The experimental results and consideration of the wind directions show that the main source of pollution in Charqueadas appears to be due to coal mining and steel industries, while in Sapucaia do Sul due to steel plants and vehicles.

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