scholarly journals Factors Influencing Changes in the Rate of the National Currency and the Ways of Its Stabilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermat Kadirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
National Currency ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Financial Pressure ◽  
Positive Balance

This scientific article analyzes the influence of such factors as the growth rate of prices of gross domestic product, the growth rate of prices for goods, works and services during the year, the state of the foreign trade balance, the balance of the state budget on the rate of the national currency of Uzbekistan, while considering their positive or negative impact , as well as a forecast of its further changes. On the basis of the study, individual proposals were formulated to stabilize and strengthen the exchange rate of the national currency in Uzbekistan, among them the development and implementation of a fundamentally new economic policy with the orientation of market reforms in sectors whose share is small in the creation of the country's domestic product, to develop measures using market instruments to reduce the financial pressure of foreign currencies, which exert significant pressure on the domestic financial market, developing measures to increase the minting of gold coins and establishing the issuance of treasury gold bonds, active privatization of inefficient state assets, stimulating exports and expanding the localization of imports, as well as to achieve a positive balance of payments by market mechanisms , an increase in state budget spending on economic development by reducing spending on the social sphere, defense and management, and more.

scholarly journals GEOSYSTEM MONITORING OF DEFORESTATION IN THE CHERNIHIV REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Evgeny Sakhno ◽  
◽  
Oleksiі Tereshchuk ◽  
Yanchenko Oleg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Open System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Monitoring ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Study Guides ◽  
Village Council ◽  
Environmental Measures

Urgency of the research. The process of constructing modern forest monitoring systems, the development of technical facilities, high frequency, efficiency and availability of remote sensing materials allow realize the tasks the tasks of effective control of the modern environment. The experience gained by domestic experts allows us to use the results of processing these images to calculate changes in forest areas, determining the types of forests, their species composition and age mainly at the regional level. The deterioration of forests in Ukraine today is one of the most pressing problems, the solution of which is quite effective with the use of modern systems of geosystem environmental monitoring. Target setting. At the current stage of Ukraine's development, there is a problem of monitoring the country's forests, since at the same time, illegal deforestation has increased, which carries threats to the country's ecology and increases the level of corruption and financial losses of the state budget. The estimation of the number of forests of the Pukul village council of Chernihiv oblast was estimated from 2000 to 2017 using the Global Forest Watch service as well as using the ArcMap geodetic software product. After the performed measurements, it is possible to estimate the state of the forest complex of the research site and to propose measures for elimination of the revealed problems. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The latest publications on this topic, which are presented in open access, including scientific journals, study guides and data from the global Internet network, were reviewed. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The processes of organization and monitoring of forests should be considered as a single information complex, which makes it possible to assess the state of the country and determine the size of forest plantations and, most importantly, illegal logging, which will affect the environmental and financial situation in the state. And in order to prevent the negative impact of deforestation on the environment, it is necessary to use modern geoinformation software complexes, which allow to estimate the scale of forest areas fairly quickly and precisely and to decide on environmental measures for effective management in forests of Ukraine. The research objective. It is quite effective to use the open system of "Global Forest Watch" for monitoring of forest areas in Ukraine because it enables to determine the chosen site in a certain territory, but the systems do not give data on the areas of each cut area, therefore to get such parameters it is suggested to use the software ArcMap on the basis base map, which enables the data from attribute tables to determine the area of each individual cutting area of the forest. The statement of basic materials. The area of forest plantations with an area of 6200 ha was chosen for forest monitoring in the Chernihiv district of the Pukulsky village council. The monitoring was carried out using the open system "Global Forest Watch", since it enables to determine the amount of forest plantations in the selected area, and then for obtaining more accurate data on the area of forest plantations, the parameters were adapted to the ArcMap software based on the base map, which makes it possible to estimate the area forest areas of cut and planted forest for the selected period of time. Conclusions. Based on the performed researches, it was established that for monitoring of forest plantations in Ukraine it is quite effective to use the open system "Global Forest Watch", which combines data from different sources. This system helps to determine forest areas in the country and their location in the regions of the state. However, in order to improve the accuracy of determining the areas of cuttings and re-planted, it is recommended to use the ArcMap software package, which enables to increase the monitoring of the forest and prevent illegal felling of forest areas.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Romanovska ◽  
Lily Strapachuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the approaches to the interpretation of the category "shadow economy", which causes a variety of approaches to assessing the impact of the shadow economy on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The spread of the pandemic and the complication of economic conditions, formed as a result of the introduction of forced restrictive measures, have led to the growth of the shadow economy in Ukraine. The index of shadowing of the economic sphere in relation to the inflation index and the level of the state budget deficit has been studied. The factors that led to the shadowing of the economy and caused the growth of the share of the shadow sector in the economy of Ukraine are highlighted. The main components of shadow employment are identified. Business entities operating in the shadow sector have significantly more competitive advantages and much higher efficiency than legally operating businesses. As a result, such enterprises are an obstacle to the flow of funds to the budgets of all levels of the country, and as a consequence, have a negative impact on socio-economic development in general. In recent years, state budget expenditures have been growing too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation and, consequently, negatively affects the socio-economic security of society. Budget expenditures are closely linked to public policy, which allows the state to curb the level of economic shadowing through measures to reform relevant areas. It is investigated that the State budget expenditures grow too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation. The paper substantiates the reasons for the growth of the shadow economy and identifies the main measures to reduce shadow employment, the manifestations of which are the deformation of social and economic institutions of the state. The de-shadowing of the economy provides citizens with the right to social protection, in the form of social guarantees in case of unemployment, temporary incapacity for work, accidents or occupational diseases during official work, pensions, etc.

scholarly journals The right to an adequate standard of living, the right to entrepreneurial activity and the right to a pension for internally displaced persons in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Nataliya Isayeva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Internally Displaced Persons ◽  
Displaced Persons ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Financial Pressure ◽  
The Right

The problems of ensuring the state of such socio-economic rights and freedoms of internally displaced persons as the right to an adequate standard of living, entrepreneurship and pensions have been studied and proposals have been made to improve the existing national legislation in this area. The issue of the state of ensuring the right to an adequate standard of living for internally displaced persons and its relationship to the right to entrepreneurial activity and pension provision of such persons is covered. The issue of the state of ensuring the right to an adequate standard of living for internally displaced persons and its relationship to the right to entrepreneurial activity and pension provision of such persons is covered. It is emphasized that changes to the current legislation on the issuance of documents for the ap-pointment (recalculation) of pensions, firstly - will simplify the procedure for receiving pension benefits and social guarantees, secondly - reduce the burden on the judiciary, and thirdly - save time and money internally displaced persons for legal assistance. Thus, resolving this issue and amending the legislation will solve a set of problems, both for internally displaced persons and for the state, in terms of budget savings. It is emphasized that the solution of socio-economic problems of internally displaced persons falls on the state budget, which creates significant financial pressure. However, the state has committed itself to ensuring the constitutional rights of internally displaced persons and must therefore comply with it. Sometimes, there is not so much a need for funding as an effective mechanism for ensuring certain socio-economic rights.

scholarly journals Directions of adaptation of the financial legislation of Ukraine to the EU legislation taking into account implementation of the concept of a new innovative model of the state management of financial system of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
V.V. Sukhonos ◽  
Y.V. Harust ◽  
T.A. Vasilieva ◽  
V.I. Melnyk ◽  
V.V. Mirgorod-Karpova
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
System Management ◽  
State Budget ◽  
State Management ◽  
Current State

The scientific article is devoted to the coverage of one of the most pressing problems of Ukraine - problematic aspects of its economic security. The authors cover the current state of Ukraine's economy and analyze the views of domestic and foreign scholars on overcoming the economic crisis in the country. The current state of legal support of the foundations of financial and economic security of Ukraine is studied. The emphasis is on the crucial role of reforming and creating a new concept of the financial system of Ukraine. The foreign experience of ensuring the economic security of the country is analyzed. The paper plays a crucial role in reforming the system of public authorities in order to reduce the corruption element in public processes. The authors define that the financial system is a significant social sphere in society, on the state of which depends not only the economic security and reliability of the country, but also the potential of the state on the world stage as a whole. That is why the article focuses on the development of a new effective concept that would restructure the entire sector of the financial system of the state should be a priority in state and regional policy. This determines the urgency of studying the main problems and shortcomings of the current financial system of Ukraine, as well as the objective need to introduce a new concept of economic security of Ukraine. The Concept proposes ways to optimize the activities and structure of the subjects of financial system management in Ukraine, coordination and interaction between them. Proposals are provided for improving the administrative legislation that defines liability for financial offenses. Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of financial system management are outlined. The concept envisages reforming the bodies of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the Security Service of Ukraine, the State Tax Service of Ukraine, the State Customs Service, the State Fiscal Service, the State Audit Office, the Financial Monitoring Service, the Office of the Prosecutor General of Ukraine. state policy in the field of economy and finance, ensuring the economic security of the country, combating economic crime, reducing the shadow economy, control over the completeness of customs and tax revenues, as well as the effective use of the State budget.

scholarly journals THE ECONOMIC POLICY PECULIARITIES OF THE “HISTORICAL RIGHT” GOVERNMENTS OF THE KINGDOM OF ITALY (1861-1876)

2018 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
M. Mykhailenko M. Mykhailenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The North ◽  
Further Development

This research analyses the economic policies peculiarities of the “historical right” governments of the Kingdom of Italy from the first stage of the unification of this country into a single nation state and rise of the “historical right” governments to power till the transfer of power to the “historical left”. It also specifies the main directions of economic reforms in a certain period of time and their impact on the further development of the state. The research establishes that the liberal economic model for country’s development chosen by its leadership at the very beginning allowed to quickly create the domestic market of goods and services, establish fruitful foreign economic relations with the greatest economic powers of that time and attract foreign investments into the Kingdom, promoting the development of the Kingdom’s agricultural sector and accumulating a substantial capital within the country. However, given the significant economic backwardness of the states of the Apennine peninsula before the unification and the actual abolition of customs barriers in trade with more powerful European countries after 1861, it had a negative impact on the country’s weak industry and deepened the distortion of development along the north-south line. The undeniable achievement of the "historical right" governments in the fiscal policy was the overcoming of the huge deficit of the state budget before 1876.

scholarly journals Private Universities in a Public Framework: The Italian Experience

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Private Universities ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Higher Education ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
Financial Pressure ◽  
State Higher Education

Private higher education has been in the periphery in western Europe. In Italy, since the 20th century, nonstate - private sector of higher education has expanded because of financial pressure on the state higher education budget. Private universities are largely governed by the national regulatory framework since they are self-funded mostly from tuition, but also receive small contributions from the state budget. They have less financial accountability than public institutions. Reputation varies at each institution. Despite the recent significant expansion, and a of private sector remains peripheral.

scholarly journals Study of Opportunities on Sharia-based Securities Instruments to Enhance the Economic Development in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
Arif Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Social System ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Social

The purpose of Sharia Economics is to realize the goodness, prosperity, and prosperity of human beings, especially in the economic field. Islamic Sharia prohibits the practice of usury in all its economic activities, because of its negative impact on the social system and the economy of society. Article 1 of Law Number 19 Year 2008 stipulates that the State Sharia Securities or Sukuk, is state securities issued under sharia principles, so It must be free from various elements of the ban, such as usury, maysir, and gharar. Sukuk issuance aims to finance the State Budget, including financing the construction of projects, such as infrastructure projects in the energy sector, telecommunications, transportation, agriculture, manufacturing industry, and public housing. Therefore, the participation of Muslims as the majority in Indonesia are needed to become the investor. The method used in this article is librarian research. In describing, analyzing, and evaluating, we used the regulation concerning with state sharia securities in Indonesia such as Law Number 19 year 2008 and Fatwa of National Sharia Council No: 69/DSN-MUI/VI/2008 concerning State Sharia Securities. Participating as an investor in the State Sharia Securities means participating in developing the country

scholarly journals EFFECT OF A BUDGET DEFICIT ON INFLATION RATE IN VIETNAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (5B) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Thùy Minh ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Thùy Dương
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

<p>In recent years, Vietnam has achieved high economic growth rate so inflation has become a noticeable problem. The relationship between state budget deficit and inflation is a two-way dialectical relationship. However, within the limit of this article, the author only studies one-way relationship, the effect of budget deficit on inflation rate in Vietnam. Prolonged budget deficit and the remediation of the state budget deficit by different methods have affected the inflation rate on different degrees. This effect is analyzed by many approaches, both quantitative and qualitative, and includes five approaches: impact of fiscal policy inflation, impact of the state budget deficit level on inflation, impact of budget deficit funding on inflation, independence of monetary policy and its effect on inflation, effect of public expenditure on inflation.</p>

scholarly journals Reforming the armed forces of the country and military-patriotic education as a strategic advantage in the economic rivalry of countries in the global economy

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Ihor Honak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
National Defence

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the features of mutual influence of expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget on national defence, youth and sports on the gross domestic product of Ukraine in the conditions of aggravation of economic rivalry in the global economy. Methodology of research. The following methods are used during the research: generalization of information and literature sources – to formulate proposals on the progressive development of the Ukrainian economy and quality of its labour resources, on the cohesion of the society and its psychological and physical health through the implementation of expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget for national defence and youth and sports; regression and correlation analysis – to analyse the mutual impact of GDP and expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget on national defence, youth and sports. Findings. Methods for educating young people are proposed in order to provide an educated and physically healthy workforce for the national economy and defence and security. The influence of arms exports and military equipment on the economy of Ukraine is analysed. The need to carry out some reforms of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in order to increase the country's defence capability and ensure economic prosperity is substantiated. The correlation between the growth of gross domestic product and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine through the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Youth and Sports, which is linear, is established. Suggestions are made to reform other specific aspects of the state mechanism in order to increase the country's defence capability and ensure the following economic growth. Originality. The article provides suggestions for reforming youth policy and the national defence sphere to ensure economic growth and strengthen the country's defence capability. Correlation between the growth of gross domestic product and expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine through the Ministry of Defence has been established (increase of expenditures on the Ministry of Defence by 1 billion hryvnias has a direct impact on GDP growth in the amount of 29.884 billion hryvnias) and the Ministry of Youth and Sports (growth spending on the Ministry of Youth and Sports by UAH 1 million influences GDP growth by UAH 1.045 billion), which is close. Practical value. The practical significance of the obtained results is the possibility of studying the mutual influence of the expenditures of the Ukrainian state budget, spent on national defence, youth and sports, on the gross domestic product of Ukraine in the conditions of aggravation of economic rivalry in the global economy. Key words: national security; arms and military equipment exports; military-patriotic education of youth; reform; economic growth; unemployment; employment; gross domestic product.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF FINANCING OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-85
Author(s):  
Nataliia POKHYLENKO ◽  
Roman KORINETS
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
State Financing ◽  
State Programs

The article analyzes the current state of financial support for socially oriented extension services in Ukraine in order to identify the obstacles to stability and regularity of its implementation. It has been established on the basis of statistical data, that the financing of such activities from the state budget has a downward trend. Its volumes are tens of thousands of times less than similar budgetary expenditures in post-socialist countries that are currently EU members. The results of a survey of representatives of consulting services showed that the reason for the low activity of the registered agricultural extension services in the implementation of state programs to support agricultural producers and, accordingly, the incomplete development of the allocated funds are the scarcity, unpredictability and instability of state support for agricultural extension activities, the weakness of the coherence between themselves of the state programs, aimed at the development of the agricultural sector of economy. There is also a lack of understanding of the importance of agricultural extension by local government representatives. It is proved that conservatism in the introduction of innovations by owners of small farms, low level of awareness of agricultural extension, significant distance of advisory centers from potential customers, low income of the rural population minimize their ability to pay for commercial advisory services. It is established that financial and organizational difficulties have a significant negative impact on the psychological aspects of counseling. Advisors declare a lack of faith in their own strength. The results of the study allow us to assert that the formation of stable, simple and clear rules for long term state financing of agricultural extension activities and the absolute abidance of such rules by state institutions will help to increase the sustainability of financial support for agricultural extension activities in Ukraine.

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