scholarly journals Blackberry pulp microencapsulation with arrowroot starch and gum arabic mixture by spray drying and freeze drying

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Augustus De Oliveira ◽  
Gislaine Ferreira Nogueira ◽  
Farayde Matta Fakhouri
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Drying Process

The objective of this research work was to obtain blackberry pulp powder (BL, without encapsulating agent) and microencapsulated blackberry pulp (ML, with encapsulating agent :mixture of starch arrowroot and gum arabic (1:1)) obtained by freeze drying and spray drying and evaluate their physico-chemical properties. The yield of blackberry freeze drying process was higher than the value found for spray drying process. The presence of encapsulating agent and drying method used for producing the powders influenced the average particle size, diameter, hygroscopicity, solubility, wettability and anthocyanin content of the powders. Keywords: process yield; average size; hygroscopicity; solubility; anthocyanin; antioxidant property 

Preparation and Evaluation of Polymeric Microparticles of Human Recombinant IL-1 Receptor Antagonist by Spray Drying

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Anand Ubhe ◽  
Gerard G.M. D’Souza
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
High Drug ◽  
Polymeric Microparticles ◽  
Drug Entrapment Efficiency

Background: Formulating protein drugs into delivery systems with high drug loading is particularly challenging. Another major hurdle for formulation processes generally used for protein drugs is their scalability. In this article, we present the application of spray drying to prepare polymeric microparticles of human recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 ra). Objective: The objective of this study was to formulate polymeric microparticles entrapping a therapeutic protein, human recombinant IL-1 ra using a spray drying process. Methods: IL-1 ra was formulated using three polymers viz. gelatin, pectin, and sodium alginate by using a spray drying process to produce polymer entrapped drug microparticles. A single drug to polymer ratio was used in the three drug-polymer formulation combinations. The prepared microparticles were evaluated for morphology by scanning electron microscopy, average particle size by dynamic light scattering and drug entrapment efficiency by ELISA. Results: Microparticles of three drug-polymer combinations were prepared using the Buchi B-90 spray dryer. The morphology of the three types of polymeric microparticles was found to be uniform by scanning electron microscopy. The average particle size for the three formulations ranged from 1 to 2.2 μ with a low standard deviation implying narrow particle size distribution. The drug loading efficiency ranged from 62 to 90 % W/W for the three formulations. Conclusion: The presented study demonstrates the feasibility of using spray drying to prepare morphologically uniform polymer entrapped protein drug microparticles with high drug entrapment efficiency.

scholarly journals Optimization of Spray-Drying Process with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Preparing High Quality Graphene Oxide Slurry

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1116
Author(s):  
Xingxing Ye ◽  
Yexun Shi ◽  
Liming Shen ◽  
Peng Su ◽  
Ningzhong Bao
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
High Quality

The “Drying-redissolution” method is promising for the industrial production of high-concentration well-dispersed graphene oxide slurry (GOS). As the potential key step in this method, the spray drying process requires a statistical investigation which guides the large-scale preparation of graphene oxide powder (GOP). This work systematically studies the effects of operating parameters, including nozzle airflow rate (439–895 L·h−1), atomization pressure (0.5–0.7 MPa), and liquid feed rate (3.0–9.0 mL·min−1), by using the response surface methodology integrated Box–Behnken design (RSM–BBD), aiming to produce GOP with high yield and easy re-dispersion. The optimized spray drying condition is predicted to be 439 L·h−1, 0.59 MPa, and 9.0 mL·min−1, at which a powder yield of 70.45% can be achieved. The experimentally obtained GOP has an average particle size of 11.65 μm and the low crumpling degree of the particle morphology results in the good re-dispersibility (97.95%) and excellent adsorption performance (244.1 mg·g−1) of GOP. The GOS prepared by the spray-dried GOP possess low viscosity and high exfoliation efficiency with a single-layer fraction up to 90.8%, exhibiting good prospects for application. This work first applied the RSM–BBD model on the spray drying process of GO, and evidenced the possibility of producing high-quality GO slurry with the “drying-redissolution” method.

scholarly journals Effect of Methyl–β–Cyclodextrin and Trehalose on the Freeze–Drying and Spray–Drying of Sericin for Cosmetic Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Lorella Giovannelli ◽  
Andrea Milanesi ◽  
Elena Ugazio ◽  
Letizia Fracchia ◽  
Lorena Segale
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Bombyx Mori Silk ◽  
Degumming Process

Sericin is a protein extracted from Bombyx mori silk cocoons. Over the last decade, this wastewater product of the textile industry has shown many interesting biological properties. This protein is widely used in the cosmetic and biomedical fields. In this study, sericin has been obtained via a High–Temperature High–Pressure degumming process, and was dried using the freeze–drying (fd) and spray–drying (sd) techniques. Proteins tend to collapse during drying, hence, sericin has been dried in the presence of two selected carrier agents: methyl–β–cyclodextrin and trehalose. The obtained powders have been analyzed using thermal investigation, microscopy (optical, SEM), and granulometric and spectroscopic analyses. Moreover, the percentage yield of the spray–drying process has been calculated. Both the agents were able to significantly improve the drying process, without altering the physico–chemical properties of the protein. In particular, the co–spray–drying of sericin with methyl–β–cyclodextrin and trehalose gave good process yields and furnished a powder with low moisture content and handling properties that are better than those of the other studied dried products. These characteristics seem to be appropriate and fruitful for the manufacturing of cosmetic raw materials.

scholarly journals Preparation of LiFePO4 Powders by Ultrasonic Spray Drying Method and Their Memory Effect

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3193
Author(s):  
Tu Lan ◽  
Xiaolong Guo ◽  
De Li ◽  
Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Ultrasonic Spray

The memory effect of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) was first discovered in LiFePO4, but its origin and dependence are still not clear, which is essential for regulating the memory effect. In this paper, a home-made spray drying device was used to successfully synthesize LiFePO4 with an average particle size of about 1 μm, and we studied the influence of spray drying temperature on the memory effect of LiFePO4 in LIBs. The results showed that the increasing of spray drying temperature made the memory effect of LiFePO4 strengthen from 1.3 mV to 2.9 mV, while the capacity decreased by approximately 6%. The XRD refinement and FTIR spectra indicate that the enhancement of memory effect can be attributed to the increment of Li–Fe dislocations. This work reveals the dependence of memory effect of LiFePO4 on spray drying temperature, which will guide us to optimize the preparation process of electrode materials and improve the management system of LIBs.

scholarly journals Facile Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots from Palm Kernel Shell Precursor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1630
Author(s):  
Yakubu Newman Monday ◽  
Jaafar Abdullah ◽  
Nor Azah Yusof ◽  
Suraya Abdul Rashid ◽  
Rafidah Hanim Shueb
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Doped Carbon Dots ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Carbon

Carbon dots (CDs), a nanomaterial synthesized from organic precursors rich in carbon content with excellent fluorescent property, are in high demand for many purposes, including sensing and biosensing applications. This research focused on preparing CDs from natural and abundant waste, palm kernel shells (PKS) obtained from palm oil biomass, aiming for sensing and biosensing applications. Ethylenediamine and L-phenylalanine doped CDs were produced via the hydrothermal and solvothermal methods using one-pot synthesis techniques in an autoclave batch reactor. The as-prepared N-CDs shows excellent photoluminescence (PL) property and a quantum yield (QY) of 13.7% for ethylenediamine (EDA) doped N-CDs (CDs-EDA) and 8.6% for L-phenylalanine (L-Ph) doped N-CDs (CDs-LPh) with an excitation/emission wavelength of 360 nm/450 nm. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show the N-CDs have an average particle size of 2 nm for both CDs. UV-Visible spectrophotometric results showed C=C and C=O transition. FTIR results show and confirm the presence of functional groups, such as -OH, -C=O, -NH2 on the N-CDs, and the X-ray diffraction pattern showed that the N-CDs were crystalline, depicted with sharp peaks. This research work demonstrated that palm kernel shell biomass often thrown away as waste can produce CDs with excellent physicochemical properties.

scholarly journals Commercial Cokes and Graphites as Anode Materials for Lithium - Ion Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Derwin ◽  
Kim Kinoshita ◽  
Tri D. Tran ◽  
Peter Zaleski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractSeveral types of carbonaceous materials from Superior Graphite Co. were investigated for lithium ion intercalation. These commercially available cokes, graphitized cokes and graphites have a wide range of physical and chemical properties. The coke materials were investigated in propylene carbonate based electrolytes and the graphitic materials were studied in ethylene carbonate / dimethyl solutions to prevent exfoliation. The reversible capacities of disordered cokes are below 230 mAh / g and those for many highly ordered synthetic (artificial) and natural graphites approached 372 mAh / g (LiC6). The irreversible capacity losses vary between 15 to as much as 200 % of reversible capacities for various types of carbon. Heat treated cokes with the average particle size of 10 microns showed marked improvements in reversible capacity for lithium intercalation. The electrochemical characteristics are correlated with data obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TAM), X - ray diffraction (XRD) and BET surface area analysis. The electrochemical performance, availability, cost and manufacturability of these commercial carbons will be discussed.

scholarly journals Ultrasound-assisted emulsions with biopolymers for spray-drying of lemongrass essential oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Ribeiro Carvalho ◽  
Amanda Maria Teixeira Lago ◽  
Maria Cecília Evangelista Vasconcelos Schiassi ◽  
Priscila de Castro e Silva ◽  
Soraia Vilela Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Osa Starch ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the partial replacement of gum arabic by modified starches on the spray-drying microencapsulation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil. The ultrasound-assisted emulsions were prepared with 30% (w/w) of wall material, 7.5% (w/w) of oil load, and 1:1 (w/w) replacement ratio for all treatments. After 16 hours, the incompatibility observed between gum arabic and octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch did not affect the obtained microparticles, since the treatment with OSA starch, partially replacing gum arabic, showed the best results for the process yield and for the oil charge retention after spray-drying process, and the treatment showed Newtonian viscosity close to that of the treatment prepared with gum arabic. Maltodextrin dextrose equivalent 10 (10DE) shows an oil load similar to that of the treatment with gum arabic, while the presence of maize maltodextrin DE20 reduces the content of encapsulated oil and the efficiency of the drying process due to the adherence of particles to the chamber. Therefore, the partial substitution of gum arabic is an alternative for the formation of emulsions, for the spray-drying microencapsulation of lemongrass essential oil.

scholarly journals Effects of Spray-Drying Temperatures and Ratios of Gum Arabic to Microcrystalline Cellulose on Antioxidant and Physical Properties of Mulberry Juice Powder

Beverages ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoa T.T. Do ◽  
Ha V.H. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Mulberry Juice

This study aimed to investigate the influences of inlet air temperatures (120 °C, 130 °C, 140 °C and 150 °C, 160 °C) and the ratios of gum Arabic to microcrystalline cellulose on the quality of mulberry juice powder produced by the spray drying process. Determination of moisture content, bulk density, solubility, total phenolic content (TPC), total anthocyanin content (TAC) and antioxidant capacity (AC) of the obtained powders was performed. The study on temperatures showed that all parameters studied were significantly affected by the shift in temperatures. The powder dried at 160 °C had the highest TPC (38.32 ± 0.36 mg GAE/g DW) and water solubility index (78.70 ± 0.75%); however, it had the lowest moisture content (3.90 ± 0.14%) when compared with the samples dried at other temperatures. Meanwhile, at 140 °C, powder samples with the highest TAC (4.690 ± 0.18 mg cyd-3-glu/g DW) and highest AC (648.09 ± 22.98 µmol TE/g DW), respectively, were obtained. Increasing microcrystalline cellulose and decreasing gum Arabic contents in the carrier mixtures showed significant decreases in moisture content, bulk density, solubility, TPC, TAC and AC.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties and nutrient content of some slow pyrolysis biochars produced from different feedstocks

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Islam Piash ◽  
Md Faruque Hossain ◽  
Zakia Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis

Six slow pyrolysis biochars viz. farmyard manure (FM), water hyacinth (WH), domestic organic waste (DW), quick compost (QC), corn cob (CC) and rice straw (RS) were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. Biochar yielding capacity varied from 34 to 51%, depending on the used feedstock. Water hyacinth biochar exhibited the highest water holding capacity (495%), whereas corn cob biochar had the lowest (146%) regardless of its highest pore volume. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area was found maximum among the plant derived biochars except corn cob. Rice straw biochar exhibited the least mean pore diameter while highest in domestic organic waste. All biochars possessed pH values more than 9. CEC of water hyacinth (WH) was highest, while lowest was in quick compost (QC) biochar. Smallest average particle size (0.54 ?m2) was exhibited by water hyacinth biochar. Organic carbon content ranged from 33 to 49%. Nutrient (N, P, K and S) status of biochar produced from domestic organic waste (DW) was found the maximum compared to the rest and corn cob (CC) biochar showed the lowest nutritional value.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 29(2): 111-122, December-2016

scholarly journals Technical Parameters Affecting the Spray Drying of Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) Powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2407-2416
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phuoc Minh
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Whey Protein Concentrate ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Protein Concentrate

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) was a member of Malvaceae family. Its calyxes had bright red color due to presence of anthocyanin with an excellent antioxidant property. Raw roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx was highly perishable due to its high moisture content. In order to diversify products from this plant, this research evaluated the possibility of spray drying for roselle extract into dried powder for long-term consumption. We focused on the effect of sugar alcohols (mannitol, sorbitol, isomalt, xylitol, erythritol) at 8%, carrier agents (maltodextrin, gum arabic, glutinous starch, whey protein concentrate, carboxymethyl cellulose) at 12%, operating parameters of spray dryer (inlet/outlet air temperature, feed rate) on physicochemical quality (bulk density, solubility, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, anthocyanin content) of rosselle powder. Results showed that the optimal spray drying variables for rosselle powder should be 8% isomalt, 12% whey protein concentrate, inlet/ outlet air temperature 140/85oC/oC, feed rate 12 ml/min. Based on these optimal conditions, the highest physicochemical attributes of the dried roselle calyx powder would be obtained.

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