scholarly journals Modernization of Agrarian Economy in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
G. K. Kurmanova ◽  
B. B. Sukhanberdina ◽  
B. A. Urazova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Development ◽  
The Republic

In this article we study what the concept of «modernization» in the agricultural economy entails. Thanks to modernization, the agricultural economy is becoming more efficient based on a new development model. The analysis of the modernization of the agricultural economy is important for understanding the development of the country. And if, in general, the process of modernization in modern Kazakhstan is quite actively studied by specialists, then the chosen aspect-the modernization of the agricultural economy-is poorly studied in domestic science. The study of the agricultural sector in the context of modernization allows us to substantiate conclusions and practical proposals for improving the dynamic development of agriculture and achieving a new quality of life for the rural population. The concept of «modernization of the agricultural economy» is clarified as a multi-faceted process of complex innovations carried out by subjects of both the agricultural economy and industrial subjects, which ensures the transition to a new level of crop productivity and productivity of farm animals. Modernization of the agricultural economy is identical to economic investment. The financial resources in the process of modernization providing and generating are investments. The research logic reflects the author’s view of the modern concept of modernization in the agrarian economy, considering the integration between development and modernization into a new format. The starting point of this scientific article is the determination of the role and place of modernization in agriculture to ensure food security and independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Performance management of agricultural entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
B.A. Voronin ◽  
I.P. Chupina ◽  
Ya.V. Voronina ◽  
N.A. Potekhin ◽  
V.N. Potekhin
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Agricultural Entrepreneurship

In the field of economics, the concept of “efficiency is traditionally interpreted as the ratio of the volume of products produced and the costs incurred for obtaining these products. This definition of efficiency is similar to the concept of profitability of production, although in practice in agriculture the concept of “efficiency” is a more complex category, since it requires the integration of many factors in order to obtain positive results in production. Agrarian entrepreneurs must effectively and efficiently use land resources as the main means of production. In the same row there are biological resources - agricultural plants, farm animals, poultry and other biological objects. In modern conditions, agricultural entrepreneurship cannot be carried out without new technology, equipment and other means of mechanization and intellectualization of agricultural activities. To obtain the results of effective management, scientific and technological support of entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector will be required. As can be seen from the above factors, the concept of “efficiency” in the agrarian economy includes in its definition a set of relations, the implementation of which is necessary for the functioning of production in market conditions.

scholarly journals Opportunities and conditions of sustainable development of the agricultural industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
R. N. Zhangirova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Republic

The article shows aspects of sustainable agricultural development. It summarized modern views on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The problems of the agricultural sector of the republic are identified, the solution of which will contribute to the successful development of agricultural production. The necessity of increasing the efficiency of resource use is substantiated. An important place in the article is given to the role of state support for the agricultural sector. A comparative analysis of the yield of field cultivation from 1 ha of arable land and crops in the Republic of Kazakhstan is carried out. Using the index method, the influence of the structure of crops and crop productivity is calculated. According to statistical data, the current state of the agricultural sector of Kazakhstan is revealed. The reasons for low labor productivity in the agricultural sector of the republic are indicated. The role of science in the qualitative renewal of the country's agricultural sector is emphasized. Promising ways to stimulate the growth rate of agricultural production are proposed. The main directions of sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan are determined. It is proved that organic agriculture can act as a point of sustainable agricultural growth.

On the Development Perspectives of the Kazakhstan Agro-sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Shyryn M. KANTARBAYEVA ◽  
Ainur Ye. KAIYRBAYEVA ◽  
Gaukhar M. RAKHIMZHANOVA ◽  
Maxat S. MYKHYBAYEV
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Development Prospects ◽  
The Silk Road

The development of the economy in Kazakhstan is associated with the production level and economic growth in the agricultural sector. This attracts the attention of countries willing to invest in the agro-industrial sector of the republic. At the same time, it should be understood that much depends on the conditions that have been developed in the production and export of agricultural products and provisions. The development of the agrarian economy of the republic is greatly influenced by the development of this sphere in the nearest partner countries in political, economic and trade relations, such as Russia, Belarus and China. Within the initiative to revive the Silk Road, the Celestial Empire has a significant impact on the development prospects of Kazakhstan, including agrarian economy as well.  

scholarly journals Support and implementation of the government program in the agricultural sector for business entities subjects on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 05012
Author(s):  
Lyuza Bayguzina ◽  
Guzaliya Galimova ◽  
Elvira Nurdavlyatova ◽  
Larisa Ponomareva
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Entities

The scientific article discusses the implementation of the state program “Development of Agriculture andregulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets in the RepublicBashkortostan”, which aims to ensure the implementation of planned production valuescommodity production volumes of the main types of products. Effectiveness of the implementation of measuresgovernment program is largely determined by the volume of involvement in the Republic of Bashkortostanfederal funds.In this regard, the importance of the work of signing agreements betweenThe Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan onallocation of federal funds to the republic.At the present stage, global changes are taking place both in the global economy and in the regionallevel.Therefore, there is a need for innovative and cost- effectiveproduction methods.One of the directions of public policyin the agro-industrial complex is the support of innovatively active enterprises, farmersfarms that can solve the main economic problems and the country’s recovery from the crisis andensure sustainable innovative development of the economy.

scholarly journals CONTRADICTIONS OF SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY SYSTEM

Economical ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(20)) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Mykola Petrushenko ◽  
◽  
Hanna Shevchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
The Impact

The article reveals and summarizes the main contradictions of the development of agriculture sector in the national economy on the principles of sustainability and inclusiveness, based on the analysis of theoretical assumptions and trends and from an evolutionary point of view. The theoretical-methodological basis of the study is a dialectical method of scientific views analysis and transdisciplinary positions relevant to the issues of contradictions of sustainable and inclusive development of the agricultural economy. The method of comparison was used in the analysis of the dynamics of agricultural production on the example of farming in Ukraine. Analysis of the dynamics of the output indicator of farms during 2017-2019, correlated with their number allows to state the increase in productivity of farms. The main contradiction is the uneven regional development of the agricultural economy. One of the main reasons for this is insufficient state support for the development of small enterprises in the agricultural sector of the national economy. The concept of sustainable and inclusive development of society considers the possibility of balancing economic, social and environmental factors, with the status of socium and a person as a central factor. However, in practice, when implementing mechanisms to support the improvement of the general situation at the state level and its particular territories, as a rule, there is a problem of instability of those or others components of sustainable development. According to the economic potential theory, the latter, in the context of its increase and scientifically sound use, provided a well-adjusted system of economic potential management, is a reliable basis, including to ensure environmentally sustainable development of the agricultural sector. In general, the relationship between environmental, energy and food conflicts is also quite controversial: rising prices for raw materials, especially on oil, affect the price of biomass - and further, the price of food. The situation is complicated by the high level of corruption. People are forced to migrate or organize hunger protests. All this indicates the possibility of escalation in the near future of conflicts related to such an important resource as agricultural land. As a result of a comprehensive study of the impact on sustainable and inclusive development of the agricultural economy of social and economic-environmental contradictions as a deep root cause of potential conflicts between opposing economic and environmental aspects of agricultural production, as well as economic-environmental conflicts - situations of conflict between the environment and, above all, interests concerning natural resources, and subjects of agrarian economy, the following factors were analyzed and generalized: globalization, political, technological, ecological, in particular, climatic, etc. The main conclusion is that socio-ecological and economic relations, on which modern agricultural production is based, require consideration of the whole set of relevant pro-conflict factors, with its further regulation in the implementation of the concept of sustainable and inclusive development of society and national economy. Keywords: agrarian economy, inclusive development, sustainability, contradictions, conflict

PEASANT (FARMER) ECONOMY OF TATARSTAN: FEATURES OF FORMATION AND FIRST RESULTS (1990–2010-ies)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Rafail V. Shaydullin ◽  
Ilgizar R. Kaydarov
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Peasant Farmer ◽  
Peasant Farm ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Medium Businesses ◽  
Regional Authorities

Introduction. The effectiveness of market processes in one of the leading regions of the Russian Federation – the Republic of Tatarstan is determined by the level of development of various forms of entrepreneurship and their competitiveness. The increased responsibility of the Tatarstan leadership for the results of regional socio-economic development stimulates the desire to strengthen and expand the position of small and medium businesses, encourages regional authorities to pay special attention to the accelerated institutionalization of peasant (farmer) farms as one of the promising models of transformation of the agricultural sector of the Republic. The Institute of peasant (farmer) farms is the result of post-perestroika Russian reforms, the degree of its rationality and efficiency depends not so much on the scientific and practical elaboration of the legislative and institutional-market foundations, but on the depth of understanding of the state structures and the rural majority of the need and specificity of these economic entities. In this regard, the main purpose of this work is the scientific and practical analysis of the formation and development of peasant (farmer) farms in Tatarstan in the context of determining the main socio-economic indicators in relation to the study area; identify the parameters of statistical analysis and description of industries that design this form of management. Materials and Methods. The content of the scientific article is based on the materials of current sources coming from various departments and periodicals, consolidated data of publications of the statistical office of Tatarstan, as well as on the literature of historical and economic nature. The research is based on traditional methods of Russian historical science: problem-chronological, comparative-historical and systemic. These methods have been successfully tested in the process of determining the regional characteristics of the development of peasant (farm) farms. When processing quantitative data the statistical method is used; for a more detailed immersion in the subject of the study used micro-historical approach. Results. The study of agrarian sector of economy of Tatarstan 1990–2010 given the historical and economic characteristics of the process of institutionalization of the peasant (farmer) farms. In particular, in a comparative perspective, the share of peasant (farm) farms in the structure of regional gross income is considered. It is established that the main branches of economic activity of Tatarstan farming were crop and livestock, and the latter direction was more promising. Discussion and Conclusion. The level of development of small business in Tatarstan, including peasant (farmer) farms, currently provides an opportunity to diversify, focusing on the market and conditions of production and sales. In conditions of latent developing degradation of rural areas (disappearance of villages, aging and reduction of the rural population, destruction of socio-cultural infrastructure, etc.), peasant (farmer) farms, along with personal subsidiary farms of the population, become a kind of means of increasing interest in various forms of small business, as well as contribute to the growth of village-forming potential in the agricultural socio-cultural space of Tatarstan. At the same time, despite the regional authorities understanding of the importance of the final goals and development strategy of farming, there is no system-forming form of support for peasant (farmer) farms in the Republic. Moreover, the creation of an image of the attractiveness of peasant farming is mainly associated with individual activities or PR campaigns to create a favorable investment image, climate. The results obtained in the course of this study are prerequisites for further historical reconstruction of farm daily life in the context of deepening the study of the experience of individual Russian regions, its applied analysis.

Incentives of the State to promote the retrofitting of the agricultural sector: Regional considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1113
Author(s):  
M.Sh. Gutuev ◽  
B.Sh. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Abstract Logic ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
Equipment Acquisition ◽  
Acquisition Costs ◽  
The Republic

Subject. The article discusses the availability of technological equipment in the agriculture of the Republic of Dagestan. Objectives. We analyze the current situation and trends in the development of available technological equipment in the republican agriculture, identify the role and place of machine and tractor fleet in the retrofitting of the regional agriculture. Methods. The study is based on monographic, abstract logic, statistical, analytical methods. Results. Dagestan has got a critically few technological equipment, which affects the development of the regional agricultural sector. The availability of technological equipment is found to have dramatically reduced in animal husbandry for the recent 30 years. The availability of technological equipment and land cultivation strongly correlates, thus simplifying applicable agricultural technologies. Most agricultural producers of Dagestan were found to be unable to participate in the program for federal agricultural lease. Conclusions and Relevance. The deterioration of available technological equipment in agriculture is a key cause undermining the competitiveness of products and efficiency of the regional agriculture. We prove the importance of governmental actions incentivizing the influx of new technological equipment, including a set of measures reinforcing the availability of technological equipment. As long as most agricultural producers are microbusinesses that lack resources to participate in many machine renovation programs, funding should be increased substantially to subsidize a portion of equipment acquisition costs incurred by agricultural producers, and a portion of reimbursed costs as much as at least 50 percent of the value of agricultural machines acquired.

OWNERSHIP IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AND THE STATE AS THE HOLDER OF THE PROPERTY RIGHT UNDER THE CONSTITUTION IN 1991

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1993-2005
Author(s):  
Shemsije Demiri ◽  
Rudina Kaja
Keyword(s):  
Legal Aspect ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
State Function ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Republic

This paper deals with the right to property in general terms from its source in Roman law, which is the starting point for all subsequent legal systems. As a result of this, the acquisition of property rights is handled from the historical point of view, with the inclusion of various local and international literature and studies, as well as the legal aspect devoted to the respective civil codes of the states cited in the paper.Due to such socio-economic developments, state ownership and its ownership function have changed. The state function as owner of property also changed in Macedonia's property law.The new constitutional sequence of the Republic of Macedonia since 1991 became privately owned as a dominant form of ownership, however, state ownership also exists.This process of transforming social property into state or private (dissolves), in Macedonia starts from Yugoslavia through privatization, return and denationalization measures, on which basis laws on privatization have been adopted. Because of this, there will be particularly intensive negotiations regaring the remaining state assets.

CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOGAS ENERGY IN UZBEKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Z. U. SAIPOV ◽  
◽  
G. A. ARIFDZHANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Biogas Plants ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Rural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Energy is one of the main pillars of the state’s economy, which is currently facing serious problems due to depletion of mineral energy resources and the threatening environment. As a result, presently around the world there is a rapid growth and development of energy-efficient technologies and the use of renewable energy sources (RES), providing an increase in energy resources, as well as environmental and social effects. One of the most relevant and promising areas of renewable energy development is the disposal and processing of organic waste in biogas plants, and this is particularly relevant in agricultural regions. In this regard, this paper considers the state and prospects for the development of bioenergy in agricultural regions of Uzbekistan, where half of the population of the republic lives. The potential of organic waste from livestock and poultry farming of the agricultural sector was determined, and it was revealed that the use of biogas plants for the disposal of manure and litter is clearly a profitable production and requires close attention from rural producers. The introduction of biogas technologies for the bulk of agricultural producers is an urgent task, that will ensure not only a solution to the waste problem, but it will also provide a solution to energy, agricultural, environmental and social problems in rural regions of the republic.

scholarly journals Drought and Salinity in Citriculture: Optimal Practices to Alleviate Salinity and Water Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1283
Author(s):  
Vasileios Ziogas ◽  
Georgia Tanou ◽  
Giasemi Morianou ◽  
Nektarios Kourgialas
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
High Water ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Negative Effect

Among the various abiotic stresses, drought is the major factor limiting crop productivity worldwide. Citrus has been recognized as a fruit tree crop group of great importance to the global agricultural sector since there are 140 citrus-producing countries worldwide. The majority of citrus-producing areas are subjected to dry and hot summer weather, limited availability of water resources with parallel low-quality irrigation water due to increased salinity regimes. Citrus trees are generally classified as “salt-intolerant” with high water needs, especially during summer. Water scarcity negatively affects plant growth and impairs cell metabolism, affecting the overall tree growth and the quality of produced fruit. Key factors that overall attempt to sustain and withstand the negative effect of salinity and drought stress are the extensive use of rootstocks in citriculture as well as the appropriate agronomical and irrigation practices applied. This review paper emphasizes and summarizes the crucial role of the above factors in the sustainability of citriculture.

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