scholarly journals GAMBARAN BAKTERI DAN SENSITIVITAS ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN STROKE DENGAN SEPSIS DI RUANG NEUROLOGI RSUP HAJI ADAM MALIK MEDAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Etiya Ekayana ◽  
Aida Fithrie ◽  
Irina Kemala Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Critical Care Medicine ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity

  BACTERIAL PATTERN AND ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY OF SEPSIS STROKE PATIENTS IN NEUROLOGY INPATIENT ROOMS OF HAJI ADAM MALIK GENERAL HOSPITAL MEDANABSTRACTIntroduction: Stroke patients are at high risk of sepsis because of the immune-suppressive effect of cerebral damage and the immobilization due to neurological deficit. The choice of empiric antibiotics for sepsis depends on epidemiology data of the bacterial pattern and antibiotics sensitivity.Aims: To know the incidence rate, bacterial pattern and antibiotics sensitivity of sepsis stroke patients in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital.Methods: A descriptive study of sepsis stroke patients in intensive stroke corner care and neurology ward of Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, during February 2018-June 2018. The diagnosis of sepsis was based on the Criteria of American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) and Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM).Results: From total of 153 stroke patients admitted between February and June 2018,  28.2% stroke patients were identified with sepsis; 20 patients in stroke corner and 23 patients in neurology ward. The average of time to develop sepsis was 4.74±1.9 days based on the increasing of procalcitonin level in blood. Aerobic and gram negative organisms were dominating the microbiologic spectrum (97.7% and 86%, respectively). The most common etiology of sepsis in were Klebsiella Pneumonia and Acinetobacter Baumanii. The most sensitive antibiotics were Amikacin and Meropenem.Discussion: There were 28.3% subjects diagnosed with sepsis due to Klebsiella Pneumonia (40%) and Acinetobacter Baumanii (39.1%) infection which are aerobic gram negative bacteria. Amikacin and meropenem were the most sensitive antibiotics against the bacteria which cause the sepsis.Keywords: Antibiotic sensitivity, bacterial pattern, sepsis, strokeABSTRAKPendahuluan: Adanya kerusakan serebral (cerebral injury) berefek penekanan terhadap sistem imun serta imobilisasi akibat defisit neurologis menyebabkan pasien stroke berisiko tinggi untuk mengalami sepsis. Pemilihan antibiotik empiris pada sepsis tergantung pada data epidemiologi dari pola bakteri dan sensitivitas antibiotik.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui persentase kejadian sepsis dan gambaran bakteri dan sensitivitas antibiotik pada pasien stroke dengan sepsis di ruang rawat inap Neurologi RSUP Haji Adam Malik.Metode: Studi deskriptif pada pasien stroke dengan sepsis di ruang intensif stroke corner dan ruang rawat inap terpadu (Rindu) RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan selama Februari-Juni 2018. Diagnosis sepsis didasarkan pada Kriteria American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) dan Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM).Hasil: Dari total 152 pasien stroke yang dirawat pada bulan Februari hingga Juni 2018 dijumpai sebanyak 28,2% yang mengalami sepsis; yang terdiri dari 20 orang di stroke corner dan 23 orang di bangsal neurologi. Rerata waktu terjadinya sepsis adalah 4,74±1,9 hari dengan peningkatan rerata kadar prokalsitonin. Bakteri yang paling banyak dijumpai adalah tipe aerob (97,7%) dan gram negatif (86%). Jenis bakteri penyebab sepsis tersering adalah Klebsiella Pneumonia, Acinetobacter Baumanii. Antibiotik yang paling sensitif adalah amikasin dan meropenem.Diskusi: Didapatkan 28,2% subjek yang mengalami sepsis dengan bakteri penyebab terbanyak adalah Klebsiella Pneumonia (40,0%) dan Acinetobacter Baumanii (39,1%) yang merupakan bakteri aerob gram negatif. Amikasin dan meropenem merupakan antibiotik yang memiliki sensitivitas yang tinggi terhadap bakteri penyebab sepsis tersebut.Kata Kunci: Gambaran bakteri, sensitivitas antibiotik, sepsis, stroke  

scholarly journals Bacteria Pattern, Results of Antibiotic Sensitivity Test, and Complications of Deep Neck Abscess Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Syaiful Rijal ◽  
Achmad C. Romdhoni
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Neck Abscess ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Deep Neck Abscess ◽  
Empirical Antibiotics ◽  
Bacteria Culture

Introduction: Deep Neck Abscess is the accumulation of pus inside the potential space between the deep neck fasciae. The incidence has decreased dramatically since the antibiotic era. Empirical antibiotics are administered before the sensitivity test results out, so it is important to know the map of bacteria and its resistance.Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively using medical records of patients with deep neck abscess in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya during January 2014-December 2017. Data recorded included gender, age, location, results of bacteria culture examination, antibiotic sensitivity test, and complications that occurred. Data is processed descriptively. Results: Of the 162 patients, 102 (62.96%) were males, followed by 60 females (37.04%). The 46-60 years old group has the largest percentage (33.95%). Whereas the most common location of abscess was in the submandibular (42.59%). Pus culture test, most bacteria is Klebsiella pneumonia (13.04%). While the sensitivity test shows that meropenem has the highest sensitivity number (73.58). Most complications were sepsis, in 48 patients (29.63%). Conclusion: Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus anginosus are the most common etiologies in deep neck abscess. Meropenem, cefoperazone-sulbactam, and oxacillin are the most sensitive antibiotics.

scholarly journals Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Patients in ICU of Raden Mattaher Hospital Jambi

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotianingsih Sotianingsih ◽  
Samsirun H. ◽  
Lipinwati Lipinwati
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Pneumonia is defined as an inflammation of the lungs caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites). This research aimed to determine the pneumonia-causing bacteria along with the sensitivity and the antibiotic resistance test. This research was a descriptive study with samples of ICU pneumonia patients at Raden Mattaher Regional Hospital during the study period. All samples were consecutively selected. Samples for blood culture were incubated in the BactAlert device, whereas the sensitivity test was then performed using Vitex instruments. Sputum was previously enriched with BHI media and then cultured on culture media, and sensitivity test with the Vitex instruments was carried out. Of the 354 ICU patients during the study period, 30 patients (11.8%) had pneumonia, but only 19 patients could undergo sputum culture. Five of 19 patients were infected with Gram-positive bacteria, and 14 patients were infected with Gram-negative bacteria. The most commonly found bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia (36.84%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii (21.05%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53%). Gram-negative bacteria obtained from sputum culture in this study were resistant to almost all antibiotic groups, especially penicillin, cephalosporin, quinolone, and tetracycline groups. Gram-positive bacteria obtained from sputum culture in this study were resistant to the penicillin antibiotic. The most commonly found bacteria were Klebsiella pneumonia (36.84%), followed by Acinetobacter baumanii (21.05%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53%). The bacteria cultured from the sputum showed multidrug resistance mainly to the penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotic. This research data can be used to consider the treatment of pneumonia patients to decide more appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection and Obstinate Biofilm Producers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govinda Maharjan ◽  
Priyatam Khadka ◽  
Gomik Siddhi Shilpakar ◽  
Ganesh Chapagain ◽  
Guna Raj Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

Background. Biofilms, or colonies of uropathogen growing on the surface of indwelling medical devices, can inflict obstinate or recurring infection, thought-provoking antimicrobial therapy.Methods. This prospective analysis included 105 urine samples from catheterized patients receiving intensive care. Ensuing phenotypic identification, antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by modified Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method following CLSI guidelines; MDR isolates were identified according to the combined guidelines of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Biofilm-forming uropathogens were detected by the tissue culture plate (TCA) method.Results. The predominant uropathogen in catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs) wasEscherichia coli57%, followed byKlebsiella pneumonia15%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa12%,Staphylococcus aureus8%,Enterobacterspp. 3%,Enterococcus faecalis,Acinetobacterspp., andProteus mirabilis1.5%, of which 46% isolates were biofilm producers. Prime biofilm producers wereEscherichia coli33%, followed byKlebsiella pneumoniae30%,Pseudomonas aeruginosa20%,Staphylococcus aureus10%,Acinetobacter, andEnterobacter3.33%. Multidrug resistance associated with biofilm producers were greater than biofilm nonproducers. The Gram-negative biofilm producers found 96.15%, 80.76%, 73.07%, 53.84%, 53.84%, 46.15%, 19.23%, and 11.5% resistant to amoxyclave, ceftazidime, tetracycline, gentamicin, meropenem, nitrofurantoin, amikacin, imipenem, and fosfomycin, respectively. Gram-positive biofilm producers, however, were found 100% resistant to tetracycline, cloxacillin, and amoxyclave: 66.67% resistant to ampicillin while 33.33% resistant to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and nitrofurantoin.Conclusion. High antimicrobial resistance was observed in biofilm producers than non-biofilm producers. Of recommended antimicrobial therapies for CAUTIs, ampicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate were the least active antibiotics, whereas piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem were found as the most effectual for gram-negative biofilm producer. Likewise, amoxicillin-clavulanate and tetracycline were the least active antibiotics, whereas vancomycin, fosfomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and meropenem were found as the most effective antibiotic for Gram-positive biofilm producer. In the limelight, the activity fosfomycin was commendable against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative biofilm producers.

scholarly journals THE MICROBIAL PATTERN OF COMPLICATED INTRA-ABDOMINAL INFECTIONS COMMUNITY IN H. ADAM MALIK GENERAL HOSPITAL MEDAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Heri Gunanti Surbakti
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Staphylococcus Haemolyticus ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Abdominal Infections

Introduction: The principles management of complicated intra-abdominal infections are source control and antibiotic therapy. The main problem in its implementation is the slow handling time and inadequate antibiotic therapy, which leads in an increase in mortality in complicated intra-abdominal infections. Early empirical antibiotics are based on the pathological location and community microbial pattern. This study is aimed to evaluate microbial pattern at H. Adam Malik General Hospital between January 2017 and October 2019. Methods: This is a retro-prospective observational descriptive study. Results: There were 37 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The most common microbial pattern in this study was gramnegative bacteria, which was 62.1%. The most common gram-negative bacteria found were E.coli (32.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (24.3%). While the most common gram-positive bacteria found was Staphylococcus haemolyticus (8.1%). Conclusion: The most common microbial pattern found in this study was gram-negative bacteria, where the most common gram-negative bacteria was E. coli. The most common gram-positive bacteria was Staphylococcus haemolyticus

Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Use in Pneumonia Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Rika Yulia ◽  
Josephine Witha Mariza ◽  
Soedarsono ◽  
Fauna Herawati
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bed Days

Background: Pneumonia is one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide. WHO report in 1999 stated that the main cause of death due to infectious disease is pneumonia. The rising mortality rate among severe pneumonia patients is because they do not receive empirical antibiotic treatment according to the infecting pathogens. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the bacterial profile and the use of antibiotic treatment on pneumonia patients admitted to the pulmonology ward of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. Methods: This descriptive observational study used the data from pneumonia patients admitted to the pulmonology ward of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from February to April 2018. The data was collected from the patients’ medical records, antibiotic use notes, and culture results of bacterial antibiotic sensitivity test. The total of antibiotic use was calculated using a defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 bed days. The quality of antibiotics was assessed using Gyssens method. The microbial mapping was acquired from a sputum culture test result. Results: The most prevalent bacteria in pneumonia patients were the Gram-negative bacteria and the most common species was Acinetobacter baumannii followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae. In contrast, the most common Gram-positive bacteria species was Streptococcus viridans. The total antibiotic use was 35.53 DDD/100 bed days, and ceftriaxone was the most commonly used antibiotic with 9.23 DDD/100 bed days. Fifty percent of the antibiotic use was in category wise use of antibiotic. Conclusion: The Gram-negative bacteria were the most common cause of pneumonia and ceftriaxone was the most commonly used antibiotic for its cure. Fifty percent of the patients received ceftriaxone appropriately.

scholarly journals MICROBIAL PATTERNS OF HOSPITALIZED HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS ADMITTED IN DR. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL, SURABAYA INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Feriawan Tan ◽  
Erwin Astha Triyono ◽  
Manik Retno Wahyunitisari
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Almost All

Background: HIV patients with a weak immune system are very vulnerable to opportunistic infections, can trigger systemic endothelial activation and end up as a condition of sepsis. In Indonesia currently, there is no bacterial epidemiological mapping of the etiology of opportunistic infections in HIV patients. Purpose: To determine the pattern of bacteria that cause opportunistic infections and their antibiotic sensitivity in HIV patients. Method: Prospective observational study design. Data were obtained from medical records of hospitalized patients at RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya from August 2019 - February 2020. Result: Out of 64 patients, 83 specimens were found with the most types of gram-negative bacteria 44.6%, while gram-positive bacteria were 15.7% and a mix of 2.4% and 37.3% negative culture. The highest prevalence of gram-negative bacteria was Klebsiella pneumoniae (35.15), followed by Escherichia coli (10.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.1%), and Acinetobacter baumanii (8.1%). The highest prevalence of gram-positive bacteria was Streptococcus mitis / oralis (30.7%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (23.1%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (15.4%). Among gram-negative bacteria antibiotic, Cefoperazone-sulbactam showed the greatest sensitivity, following by Amikacin, Gentamycin and Piperacillin-tazobactam; while among gram-positive bacteria are Chloramphenicol, Linezolid, and Vancomycin. Almost all isolates showed resistance to Ampicillin. Conclusion: Bacteria pattern that caused opportunistic infection in RSUD Dr. Soetomo is K. pneumonia as most common gram-negative bacteria followed by E. coli, P. aeruginosa and A. baumanii; while the most gram-positive bacteria found are S. mitis/oralis and S. aureus. Among antibiotic used, Ampicillin showed the lowest sensitivity to almost all bacteria isolates.

scholarly journals ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY TO THE PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN PROF. DR. W. Z. JOHANNES HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Maria Hilaria ◽  
Elisma Elisma ◽  
Ni Nyoman Yuliani ◽  
Sagabulang M
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity ◽  
Test Result

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) implies the presence of actively multiplying organisms in the urinary tract. Although it is infrequently associated with mortality, it is still a significant cause of morbidity. UTIs are one of the most common bacterial infections in humans both in the community and hospital setting. Objective: The objectives of this research were to know antibiotic given to patients with UTI as well as to know the percentage of antibiotic sensitivity to each bacteria causing UTI in RSUD Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang during January 2013–December 2013. Methods: This was a retroprospective hospital-based study conducted in collaboration with Microbiology Department in Prof. Dr. W.Z. Yohanes Hospital, Kupang, from January 2013 to December 2013. In the prior study, it was obtained data of patients with UTI that their urine cultured in Bacteriology Laboratory, RSUD Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang. Based on data of patients which have microbe and sensitivity test result, then it would be obtained the distribution of microbe or germ type, antibiotic sensitivity, and resistance. After that, it was conducted by data analysis. Results: Among 87 respondents, 34.5% were males and 65.5% were females. The most widely used antibiotic is ciprofloxacin (98.8%). The most sensitive antibiotic is meropenem (93.98%) to the Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Enterobacteriaceae group bacteria. The most resistance antibiotic is ampicillin (87.14%). Conclusion: UTI patients are more common in women compared with men. That germ most commonly found in UTI patients is E. coli. Meropenem was sensitive to all bacterias, while ampicillin was resistance.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection and Uropathogen Bacterial Profile in the Intensive Care Unit in Hospitals in Medan, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3488-3492
Author(s):  
Anggreiny Anggi ◽  
Dadik Wahyudi Wijaya ◽  
Oke Rina Ramayani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

AIM: To evaluate the risk factors of CAUTI in ICU patients at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital and Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. METHODS: This hospital-based observational research was an observational analytic research with a cross-sectional study. This research was conducted at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan, Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, and Department of Microbiology Medical Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sumatera Utara, on July to August 2018 until the number of samples was fulfilled. The samples were adults aged ≥18 years, admitted to an ICU between July until August 2018 with an indwelling urinary catheter during their admission, admitted in ICU with different complaints and presentations and developed clinical evidence of infection that did not originate from patient’s original admitting diagnosis, in accordance which corresponded to the inclusion criteria by using consecutive sampling technique were included in the study. Patients who were shifted out of the ICU within 48 h of admission were excluded from the study. These critical patients were referred for monitoring, observation, and management from different departments, e.g., medic, general surgery, neurosurgery, gynaecology/obstetrics, and accident/emergency departments. RESULTS: From this research, it was found that fifty-four patients with catheter were screened for UTI infection. Of those, 24 patients (44.4%) were confirmed to have UTI by urine culture. Pseudomonas aeroginosa (16.7%) and Enterococcus faecalis (12.5%) were the most common pathogens. Patients aged > 50 years old (P < 0.03) and catheter use > 6 days (P < 0.03) were both significantly associated with increased risk of developing UTI. CONCLUSION: There are eleven uropathogens identified in this study: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, MRSA, Salmonella enteric, Acinetobacter baumanii, Acinetobacter lwoffi, Acinetobacter haemoliticus, Burkholderia cepacia, and Staphylococcus sciur.  

scholarly journals The GspLM inner membrane complex from the bacterial type II secretion system is a dimer of dimers and interacts with the system ATPase with high affinity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Fulara ◽  
Ioanna Ramou ◽  
Savvas N. Savvides
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Type Ii Secretion ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Inner Membrane ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Type Ii Secretion System

ABSTACTThe type II secretion system (T2SS) is a multiprotein machinery spanning the diderm of gram-negative bacteria. T2SS contributes to the virulence of numerous gram-negative pathogens, including the multidrug resistant species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Klebsiella pneumonia and Vibrio cholerae. Even though the T2SS has been studied extensively over the past three decades, our understanding of the molecular basis of its biogenesis and of its overall structure still remains unclear. Here we show that the core component of the inner membrane platform, the GspLM membrane protein complex, can be isolated as a dimer of dimers. Importantly, the complex is able to bind the T2SS ATPase, GspE, with high affinity. Finally, we have developed single domain VHH camelid antibodies (nanobodies) against the GspLM complex and have identified a nanobody that effectively prevents the cytoplasmic domain of GspL, GspLcyto, from binding to GspE. Our findings suggest that the T2SS ATPase is permanently associated with the inner membrane platform and that the GspELM complex should be considered as a key subassembly for the biogenesis of the T2SS apparatus.

scholarly journals Bacterial Identification And Antibiotics Sensitivity Of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Patients At RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Shodikin ◽  
Mira Haninda Ramadhanty ◽  
I Nyoman Semita
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity

ABSTRACT Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is pneumonia in patients who use mechanical ventilator. The empirical antibiotic therapy is given to VAP patients based on bacterial mapping and its antibiotic sensitivity. The aim of this study is to determine bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity of VAP patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This study is a retrospective study, the data collected from medical record of VAP patients from September to October 2019. All samples that is meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria was recruited in this study. Data analysis was use Microsoft Excel 2010. This study obtained 15 samples. The most frequents bacteria that causes VAP is Acinetobacter baumanii. It is also caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas fluorescence, Salmonella arizonae, and Escherichia coli. The bacteria are most sensitive to amikacin, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam and most resistant to cefixime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone.

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