scholarly journals Electrolyte Concentrations in Apparently Healthy Individuals after Consumption of Aqueous Extract of Jatropha tanjorensis

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ibiene Sarah Kalio ◽  
Okorie Akuegbo Ezinne
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Jatropha tanjorensis is a herbaceous plant used locally for the treatment of diabetes, inflammation, and stomach ache in Nigeria. Longtime effect of Jatropha tanjorensis on electrolyte concentrations in the body is yet to be determined. This study was conducted to determine electrolyte concentrations in healthy individuals after consumption of aqueous extract of Jatropha tanjorensis. Seven (7) healthy individuals aged between 23-26 years, weighing 44-75 kg were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected before the commencement of the study as control samples while test samples were collected on the 7th and 14th day of consumption of 7.8 g/175 ml of Jatropha tanjorensis daily for 14 days. The electrolyte was estimated using an ion selective electrode. The result showed that sodium (p<0.05), potassium (p<0.05), chloride (p<0.05), bicarbonate (p<0.05) and Anion gap (p<0.05) were significantly lower after 7 days of consumption of aqueous extract of Jatropha tanjorensis when compared to results before consumption of the extract. However, after 14 days of consumption of Jatropha tanjorensis aqueous extract, sodium and bicarbonate were lower (p<0.05) when compared to the values before consumption. The results suggest that Jatropha tanjorensis aqueous extract predispose consumers to electrolyte imbalance and metabolic acidosis.

scholarly journals Serum Protein Profile Of Iraqi Hydatidosis Patients with Different Sites of Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-616
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Serum Protein Profile

Blood samples of One hundred and twenty patients from different hospitals in Baghdad infected with hydatidosis in different sites of the body (Liver, Lung, multiorgans and kidney) were collected for this study. On the other hand, 30 healthy individuals were included as a control group. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of this disease on the serum protein profile of the patients using electrophoresis. The results revealed four different protein banding patterns with difference in number of bands and their molecular weights in comparison to the control group, and these differences depended on the site of infection. However the data showed a presence of the same band in all patients with different site of infection.

scholarly journals Effect of Aqueous Extract of Antiaris Africana Stem Bark on Phagocytic Activities of Human Neutrophil Ex-Vivo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim O. Bello ◽  
Adebayo L. Adedeji
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
The Body ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Immune Modulator ◽  
Apparently Healthy

ABSTRACTThe immune system is one of the most complex biological systems in the body. During infection, the immune system is under attack by a large number of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. Immune response firstly involves, recognition of the pathogen or foreign object and secondly, a reaction to eliminate it. Aqueous extract of Antiaris africana is used to study their immune modulator activity. This plant has its various parts used in folk medicines. The mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this research work studies the effect of aqueous extract of Antiaris Africana stem bark on phagocytic activities of neutrophil isolated from apparently healthy individual using a non-subjective commercial colourimetric assay kit obtained from Cell-Biolab Inc., USA. The purity and viability of isolated neutrophils were >90% and >95% respectively. The extract enhances neutrophil phagocytosis at 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0 and 25 μg/ml by 2.5%, 11.6%, 18.4%, 24.4%, 31.2% and 38.2% respectively, compared to the control (100%). Hence, it was observed that neutrophil phagocytosis increases with increased extract concentrations. It can be concluded from the study that enhancement of phagocytosis may be the possible mechanism of action of the plant as an immune modulator.

scholarly journals Pattern of Antibody Titer Against Salmonella Enterica in Apparently Healthy Individuals

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Umesh Prasad Gupta ◽  
Kapilesh Jadhav ◽  
Nischal Shrestha ◽  
Subash Baral ◽  
Amit Kumar Parajuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Western Development ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Cutoff Levels ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Enteric fever is a serious health problem in developing countries including Nepal. Widal test is the routinely used for diagnosis of enteric fever. This study aimed to determine the baseline antibody titers for Salmonella typhi and paratyphi A, B in healthy individuals of Western Region of Nepal.Methods: A total 150 blood samples were collected from the healthy individuals and pattern of antibody titer was measured using standard quantitative tube method.Results: Among 150 blood samples, 103 had shown significant antibody titers (≥ 1:20). The significant proportion (10.7%) of the individuals had anti-O titer ≥ 1:80. Similarly, 86 had anti-H titers of ≥ 1:20 to S. enteric serotype typhi, 23 had a titer of ≥1:80 and 4 had a titer of ≥1:160 respectively. We found 10% and 1.3% for paratyphi A and B, anti-H titers of ≥ 1:20respectivelyConclusion: This study concludes that, there should be need to change in the cutoff levels for antibody titer against S. typhi to > 1:80 for both anti-O and anti-H titers for Western Development Region of Nepal.

Short report: Aqueous extract of chives (Allium schoenoprasum L.) plant impairs erythrocyte deformability in sickle cell patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Okan Arihan ◽  
Elie Nader ◽  
Gokhan Oto ◽  
Yilmaz Kocak ◽  
Romain Fort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Erythrocyte Deformability ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Allium Schoenoprasum ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic disorder characterized by chronic hemolysis and the presence of erythrocytes with low deformability, which may trigger vaso-occlusive crises. We tested the in-vitro effects of aqueous extract of vhives (Allium schoenoprasum L.) on erythrocyte deformability of SCA patients. Blood samples from 6 apparently healthy volunteers and 5 SCA patients were collected into heparin coated tubes. Both apparently healthy and SCA patient blood samples were incubated with 80μg/mL chives plant aqueous extract at 37°C for 60 min and erythrocyte deformability was measured by ektacytometry (3 Pa and 30 Pa; 37°C). Results of incubation of apparently healthy blood samples with plant extract showed that incubation did not alter erythrocyte deformability significantly. However, for SCA blood samples, erythrocyte deformability decreased significantly with plant extract exposure at 3 Pa (p <  0.043) and 30 Pa (p <  0.043). In conclusion, although ex-vivo incubation with plant extract does not fully model gastrointestinal processing of onions, the decrease in SCA erythrocyte deformability following incubation with aqueous chives should stimulate further studies to test the in-vivo effects of this diet in sickle cell mice.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress/lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in apparently healthy individuals involved in physical exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Ikekpeazu Joy Ebele ◽  
Ikekpeazu Adanna Jenniger ◽  
Eke Christian Nnabugo ◽  
Ogbu Innocent Sidney ◽  
Onyekwelu Kenechukwu Chibuike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Normal metabolic functions generate highly reactive compounds called free radicals in the body. Exercise is accompanied by increased oxygen consumption and enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)/free radical production in humans. These molecules react with cellular molecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates, and denature them. As a result of this, vital cellular structures and functions are lost and ultimately resulting in various pathological conditions.Aims and Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of physical exercise on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in apparently healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 samples were collected from apparently healthy adults aged between 18 and 25 years before and after morning exercise session. The samples were analyzed for Total Antioxidant Activity (TAS), pro-oxidant biomarker- malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes – catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) by spectrophotometic method. Results: The result shows that TAS after exercise was significantly higher (p<0.001) than the level before exercise. The MDA level of the subjects after exercise was equally statistically significantly (p<0.001) higher than the level before exercise. This study therefore shows that aerobic exercise increases pro-oxidant markers and possibly induces oxidative stress, the effect of which is countered by an increase in TAS, CAT and GPx.Conclusion: Oxidative stress following exercise therefore does exist, but may not deter the benefits of physical exercise.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(6) 2016 16-19

Anti-Diabetic Effect of a Flavonoid and Sitosterol - Rich Aqueous Extract ofPleurotus tuberregiumSclerotia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1148-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeanacho Mercy Onuekwuzu ◽  
Ikewuchi Catherine Chidinma ◽  
Ikewuchi Jude Chigozie
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Atherogenic Indices ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits

Objective:Traditionally prepared infusions and decoctions are commonly used in the management of diabetes mellitus, in southern Nigeria; one of such is the aqueous extract of the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuberregium (“usu” milk). In this study, the effects of the extract on the body weights, tissue/ organ weights, fasting blood glucose, blood/plasma lipid profiles and atherogenic indices were investigated in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced by the injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg body weight) via the marginal ear vein. The extract was administered orally at 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg to normal and diabetic rabbits; while metformin was administered at 50 mg/kg. The crude extract was analyzed by gas chromatography, coupled to flame ionization detector.Results:Thirty-one known flavonoids were detected, consisting mainly of isoquercetin (28.5%), luteolin (24.3%), quercetin (18.8%) and kaempferol (11.3%). Sitosterol (82.0%) and stigmasterol (12.5%) were the most abundant of the seven phytosterols detected. Compared to the diabetic control, the treatment significantly (p<0.05) lowered the weights of the kidney and liver, as well as the levels of blood glucose and triglyceride, plasma VLDL, LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, atherogenic index of plasma, cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient and Castelli’s risk index II. It, however, significantly (p<0.05) increased plasma HDL cholesterol, without significantly affecting blood total cholesterol levels.Conclusion:This study showed that the extract was hypoglycemic, and improved lipid profile and atherogenic indices, thus highlighting its cardioprotective potential, thereby supporting its use in the management of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals POS0169 FETUIN-A AS A MARKER OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 297.2-297
Author(s):  
Y. Akhverdyan ◽  
E. Papichev ◽  
В. Zavodovsky ◽  
L. Seewordova ◽  
J. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fetuin A ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background:The main mechanism of the effect of fetuin-A (FeA) on bone metabolism is its ability to bind calcium and proteins of the TGF-β family. It has been proven that the optimal concentration of TGF-β is necessary for the differentiation of bone tissue, and a high concentration inhibits bone mineralization. Thus, adequate osteogenesis is based on a complex balance between FeA and TGF-β levels. It can be assumed that the determination of the FeA level in the blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) will help to optimize the diagnosis and predict the severity of osteoporosis (OP).Objectives:to study the possibility of predicting the development of osteoporosis and osteoporetic fractures in patients with RA, depending on the level of FeA in blood serum.Methods:We examined two groups of patients (52 patients with RA complicated by OP, 58 patients with RA without OP) and 30 apparently healthy individuals. The age of the surveyed ranged from 18 to 72 years, the average duration of the disease was 7.53±0.89 years. In both groups, the FeA level was determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a commercial test. Bone mineral density (BMD) was also measured in both groups (Lunar DPX-NT GE).Results:The average FeA level in the group of RA patients was lower than in the group of conventionally healthy individuals (731.21±109.9 μg/ml and 812.9±76.2 μg/ml, respectively; F=13.34; p=0,0004). The normal FeA level was calculated using the formula M±2σ in the group of apparently healthy individuals and ranged from 653.55 μg/ml to 972.19 μg/ml.A decreased level of FeA was found in 20 patients (86.96%) in the group of patients with OP and only in 3 (13.04%) patients with RA who did not suffer from OP (p<0.001). It can be concluded that patients with RA and a low concentration of FeA in the blood serum have a higher risk of developing OP.In the group of patients with normal FeA level, osteoporetic fractures were observed in 12 (13.79%) patients and were absent in 75 (86.21%) patients (p<0.001). Thus, RA patients with normal serum FeA levels have a lower risk of osteoporetic fractures.We also found a positive significant correlation between the level of FeA and BMD in the femoral neck area. In the group of patients with a reduced FeA level (23 people), the mean BMD values were 0.732±0.022 g/cm2, and in the group of patients with a normal FeA level (87 patients) - 0.890±0.014 g/cm2 (p<0.001, F=27.663). The obtained values are in agreement with the literature data on the effect of the serum FeA concentration on the BMD values.Conclusion:We consider it expedient to determine the serum FeA concentration in patients with RA. At a FeA level of 653.55 μg/ml and below, a higher risk of developing OP and osteoporetic fractures can be predicted. In this case, the patient is shown a standard examination for osteoporosis. At values of 653.55 μg/ml and above, a more expectant management of the patient is allowed. Thus, by determining the serum concentration of FeA, it is possible to implement an integrated approach to the patient and to optimize the schemes for the diagnosis of OP in patients with RA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Association between Serum Concentration of Carotenoid and Visceral Fat

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Mai Matsumoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Suganuma ◽  
Naoki Ozato ◽  
Sunao Shimizu ◽  
Mitsuhiro Katashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Health Checkup ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aomori Prefecture

Consumption of fruits and vegetables rich in carotenoids has been widely reported to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and visceral fat area (VFA), which is considered a better predictor of cardiovascular diseases than the body-mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the relationship in healthy individuals in their 20s or older, stratified by sex and age, to compare the relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and VFA and BMI. The study was conducted on 805 people, the residents in Hirosaki city, Aomori prefecture, who underwent a health checkup. An inverse relationship between serum carotenoid concentrations and VFA and BMI was observed only in women. In addition, the results were independent of the intake of dietary fiber, which is mainly supplied from vegetables as well as carotenoids. This suggests that consumption of a diet rich in carotenoids (especially lutein and beta-carotene) is associated with lower VFA, which is a good predictor of cardiovascular disease, especially in women. This study is the first to comprehensively evaluate the association between serum carotenoid levels and VFA in healthy individuals.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNA THAP9-AS1 and TSPOAP1-AS1 Provide Potential Diagnostic Signatures for Pediatric Septic Shock

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yong Wu ◽  
Qigai Yin ◽  
Xiaobao Zhang ◽  
Pin Zhu ◽  
Hengfei Luan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
R Package ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Health Control ◽  
Control Samples

Background. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory syndrome caused by infection with a high incidence and mortality. Although long noncoding RNAs have been identified to be closely involved in many inflammatory diseases, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in pediatric septic shock. Methods. We downloaded the mRNA profiles GSE13904 and GSE4607, of which GSE13904 includes 106 blood samples of pediatric patients with septic shock and 18 health control samples; GSE4607 includes 69 blood samples of pediatric patients with septic shock and 15 health control samples. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified through the limma R package; meanwhile, GO terms and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed via the clusterProfiler R package. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on the STRING database using the targets of differently expressed lncRNAs. The MCODE plug-in of Cytoscape was used to screen significant clustering modules composed of key genes. Finally, stepwise regression analysis was performed to screen the optimal lncRNAs and construct the logistic regression model, and the ROC curve was applied to evaluate the accuracy of the model. Results. A total of 13 lncRNAs which simultaneously exhibited significant differences in the septic shock group compared with the control group from two sets were identified. According to the 18 targets of differentially expressed lncRNAs, we identified some inflammatory and immune response-related pathways. In addition, several target mRNAs were predicted to be potentially involved in the occurrence of septic shock. The logistic regression model constructed based on two optimal lncRNAs THAP9-AS1 and TSPOAP1-AS1 could efficiently separate samples with septic shock from normal controls. Conclusion. In summary, a predictive model based on the lncRNAs THAP9-AS1 and TSPOAP1-AS1 provided novel lightings on diagnostic research of septic shock.

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