Utilization of Telang Leaf Meal as Antioxidant Source in Feed of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Aims: This study aimed to determine the effective percentage of telang leaf meal on feed to increase antioxidant levels in tilapia liver feed. Study Design: A total of 12 aquariums with sizes 60 x 40 x 40 cm3and volume 96 L prepared and filled with 30 L water. Heater was installed and the temperature was raised slowly until it reached 34℃. Feed in the form of a mixture of telang leaf flour and commercial feed was given 3 times a day according to treatment and with the provisions of 3% of body weight of fish per day. Analysis of antioxidant levels was analyzed from the content of the superoxide dismutase enzyme as an antioxidant bioindicator in the body of the fish. Place and Duration of Study: The cultivation was carried out at Ciparanje Hatchery and Fisheries Area, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran and Dismutase Superoxide Level Analysis was carried out at the Central Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran in June and July 2019. Methodology: This research was carried out by giving high temperatures as a source of stress, for 40 days. Tilapia were given a mixture of telang leaf meal as a source of anti-oxidants. At the end of research, Test liver fish taken superoxide dismutase levels were observed and analyzed descriptively. Daily growth and survival rate of fish were analysed using F test at 5% level, and if there were significant differences, Duncan's test was performed. Results: By giving heat stress continuously for 40 days the result is obtained the highest average superoxide dismutase level in treatment B (telang leaf meal 5%) as much -0.92 inhibition and lowest in treatment D (telang leaf meal 15%). A decrease in SOD levels identifies a decrease in antioxidant activity in the body of Tilapia. Daily growth rate obtained showed no significant difference. The fish will continue to grow but not as rapidly, because tilapia utilize protein up to 40% of commercial feed used to repair cells damaged during stressful periods and as a source of energy. Survival of fish decreases with increasing concentration of telang leaf flour, where the feed given has been mixed and resulted in the fish's response to the feed decreases, consequently not only the fish adapted to the environment, fish also adapt to new types of feed. Conclusion: Based on the results of research that has been done then conclusions can be drawn that the addition of telang leaf mealup to 15% in commercial feed by giving heat stress since the beginning of the culture period does not provide an effect of increasing antioxidant levels.

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262 Heat stress alleviation and dynamic temperature measurement for growing beef cattle

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.354 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 192-193

Author(s):

Sheyenne M Augenstein ◽

Meredith A Harrison ◽

Sarah C Klopatek ◽

James W Oltjen

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Body Temperature ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Temperature Threshold ◽

Sprinkler Systems ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Heat stress continues to be a challenge for feedlot producers, forcing physiological adaptations in beef cattle that can have a negative impact on gain and carcass quality. Feedlots may want to incorporate systems that aid in mitigating heat stress, including sprinkler systems, which are commonly found on dairies. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of sprinkler systems on the body temperature of growing feedlot steers applied at three different temperature thresholds. Thirty-two Angus-cross beef steers (298 ± 15 SD days of age) were randomly assigned to 8 pens. Treatments were assigned to pens according to location to avoid drainage issues, with one replicate located on the eastern side of the feedlot and the other replicate located on the western side. Treatments including no sprinklers (C), high temperature threshold sprinklers (HT), moderate temperature threshold sprinklers (MT) or low temperature threshold sprinklers (LT). Sprinklers (flow rate: 5.11 L/min) were activated at 33°C (HT), 28°C (MT), and 23°C (LT) for five minutes at corresponding temperatures every thirty minutes for 57 days. Rectal temperature of steers in their pens was measured in the morning (0800 h), afternoon (1500 h), and evening (1900 h) three days each week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) for a total of 19 experimental days. Weather measurements, including ambient temperature, windspeed, humidity and solar radiation were recorded at each measurement time along with the maximum values for each day. The change in body temperature (ΔBT) between the morning and afternoon was affected by ambient temperature (P < 0.01); MT (P = 0.02) and LT (P = 0.02) – different than C. There was no significant difference between sprinkler treatments and the control group (P > 0.05). Day affected (ΔBT) between the morning and afternoon (P < 0.05) and the afternoon and evening (P < 0.05). When averaged by day, the control group was significantly higher than MT (P = 0.04) between the morning and afternoon. The control group was also significantly higher than LT between the morning and afternoon (P = 0.03) and the afternoon and evening (P < 0.01). The change in steer body temperature between afternoon and morning was affected by ambient temperature, and averaged across days, lowering the temperature threshold for sprinkling decreased in the afternoon and evening body temperature increase in steers.

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Growth and survival of Kryptopterus lais treated with thyroxine hormone

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.14.38-41 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

, Agusnimar ◽

, Rosyadi

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Body Length ◽

Initial Body Weight ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Absolute Weight ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Absolute Length ◽

Feed Pellet ◽

Different Doses

ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses of thyroxine supplemented in commercial feed (pellet 781-1, produced by Choroend Pokhpand Indonesia) on growth and survival of Kryptopterus lais. Adult K. lais with initial body weight of 43−99 g were used as samples. A completely randomized designed with four treatments and three replications were used in this experiment. Four doses of thyroxine used as treatment were 0,0 mg/kg (P1); 0.08 mg/kg (P2); 0.10 mg/kg (P3); and 0.12 mg/kg (P4). Fish were fed 10% of body weight daily, given twice per day. The results showed that the treatement of P2 provided the best growth of absolute body weight and length of K. lais, the growth of absolute weight was 14.8 mg while the growth of absolute length was 1.1 cm.The best daily growth of body weight founded at P4 (0.27 %), while the best daily growth of body length were founded at P2 and P4 (0.06%). The survival of fish were 100% in all treatments. Keywords: Kryptopterus lais, thyroxine hormone, growth, survival ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh dosis hormon tiroksin dalam pakan ikan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup calon induk ikan selais. Ikan uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini memiliki bobot 43−99 g. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap satu faktor dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Dosis hormon tiroksin yang digunakan pada masing-masing perlakuan adalah 0,0 mg/kg (P1); 0,08 mg/kg (P2); 0,10 mg/kg (P3); dan 0,12 mg/kg (P4). Pakan yang diberikan pada ikan uji adalah pelet 781-1 yang diproduksi oleh Charoen Pokphand Indonesia. Setelah dilakukan penelitan diperoleh data bahwa pertumbuhan bobot mutlak dan panjang mutlak tertinggi ditemui pada perlakuan P2, masing-masing 14,8 g dan 1,1 cm. Laju pertumbuhan bobot harian tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P4 (0,27%) dan laju pertumbuhan panjang harian tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P2 dan P4 (0,06%). Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan uji selama penelitian 100%. Kata kunci: Kryptopterus lais, hormon tiroksin, pertumbuhan, kelangsungan hidup

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REASIL HUMICVET AND REASIL HUMIC HEALTH SUPPLEMENTS BASED ON HUMIC ACIDS IN THE DIETS OF DAIRY CALVES

Bulletin Samara State Agricultural Academy ◽

10.12737/44173 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 64-70

Author(s):

Andrei Frolkin ◽

Haidar Valitov ◽

Aleksandr Varakin ◽

Valentina Kornilova

Keyword(s):

Blood Serum ◽

Live Weight ◽

Mineral Elements ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Liquid Form ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Black And White ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Group

The purpose of the research is to increase the effectiveness of the supplement Reasil on the growth of milk-fed calves. For the scientific and economic experience, three groups of calves were formed (control, 1 and 2 experi-enced). Groups of animals of 10 heads were formed according to the principle of analogues. The indicators of live weight, growth and blood of calves were studied after Reasil use in a diet: Reasil HumicVet as a liquid form, and Reasil Humic Health – reduced to powder. In the experiment, animals of a black-and-white breed were used. The Reasil feeding in the diet contributed to an increase in the live weight of milk-fed calves in the 1-st and the 2-nd experimental groups at two months of age by 5.65 and 5.48 kg (or by 7.4 and 7.2%), respectively, compared to the indicator of the control group analogues. The average daily growth of calves of the experimental groups exceeded this indicator of control animals by 96 and 82 g, respectively. The blood of calves of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups, showed that hematoglobin was higher by 15.7 and 11.4%, red blood cells – by 16.5 and 15.1%, and the alkaline reserve – by 5.2%, compared with blood of calves from the control group, which indicates the activation of metabolic processes in the body. The total protein amount in the blood serum of animals from the experimental groups increased by 8.4 and 5.9% respectively, compared to the tests of calves from the control group. The albu-min content of animals of the 1st experimental group tested was higher by 5.3%; from the 2nd experimental group there was no significant difference compared to the control. The number of gamma-globulins in the blood of ani-mals of the experimental groups increased, which indicates an increase in defense reaction of animals. The con-tent of calcium in the blood serum of calves from the experimental groups was higher by 8.3 and 5.9%, phosphorus – by 4.8 and 2.4%, which indicates a more effective use of these mineral elements.

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Pertumbuhan benih ikan mas, Cyprinus carpio, yang diberi pakan dengan dosis dan frekuensi berbeda

e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN ◽

10.35800/bdp.8.1.2020.27491 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tinus O O. Biduan ◽

Indra R. N. Salindeho ◽

Hariyani Sambali

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Body Weight ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

The Body ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Daily Growth Rate ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Feeding Regime ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Recirculation System

The objectives of this research were to find out the optimum dose and frequency of feeding regime to ensure the maximum growth of carp-seeds, Cyprinus carpio, reared in the backyard pond with recirculation system. The experiment was carried out in 2x3 factorial experimental design and the experimental units were designed in randomized block. Two factors were tested in this experiment; the first factor, dose of feeding, had three levels, 3%, 4% and 5% of the total body weight per day; and the second factor had 2 levels, 2 and 3 times per day. Hence there were 6 treatments were applied, and each treatment was triplicated. Each repetition represented group of fish with different weight. There were 18 experimental units, and each experimental unit was composed of 8 tested fish, therefore there were 144 tested fish, which were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and then every week during the 6 weeks period of the experiment. The weight data were converted into FCR, absolute, relative and daily growth rate, and were statistically analyzed using JMP statistic-program (SAS-institute). The results showed the absolute growth of fish at dose of 3% was significantly lower than that of fish at the dose of 4% and 5%, which was not significantly different. The relative and daily growth rate was not significantly affected by the different dose of feeding regime. There was no significant difference in FCR, absolute, relative and daily growth rate between fish fed 2 and 3 times per day. The best FCR, 1,46, was performed by fish fed 3% of the body weight per day, and this value was significantly different with that of the fish fed 4% or 5%. The results of this experiment suggest that, carp reared in backyard pond with recirculation system should be fed twice a day, with a dose of 3% of the body weight each day.

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Effect of Fermented Lamtoro Leaf (Leucaena leucocephala) Meal on Growth Rate of Giant Gourami Fingerlings (Osphronemus gouramy)

Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research ◽

10.9734/ajfar/2020/v8i330138 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Choirun Nissa Ramadhani ◽

Yuli Andriani ◽

Ibnu Bangkit Bioshina Suryadi ◽

Kiki Haetami

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Fish Growth ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Leaf Meal ◽

Crude Fiber Content ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Feed Control ◽

Test Fish

This research aims to determine the percentage of the addition of fermented lamtoro leaf on fish growth rate of gourami fingerlings. The test fish used was gourami that amounted to 320 tails with a length of 4-6 cm from Farming Development Gurame and Nilem – Singaparna, Tasikmalaya. The container used in this research was an aquarium with a total of 16 pieces with a size of 40 × 30 × 30 cm3. The density of gourami fingerlings during the research was 20 fish-tails/aquarium with long maintenance of 40 days. The feed given is 5% of the fish body biomass. The research was conducted on 8 November 2019 until 14 February 2020 at the Fisheries Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. This research used experimental method with Completely Random Design (CRD), which consists of four treatments and four times the repeated feeding of commercial feed (control), the leaf meal of lamtoro fermentation result 10%, 15%, and 20%. Based on the results of the research, fermentation of lamtoro leaves can improve nutrient content after fermentation, seen from the presence of increased protein content from 21.88% to 26.11% and decrease in crude fiber content from 46.33% to 20.85%. The addition of lamtoro leaf meal fermentation results up to 15% in commercial feed resulting in a daily growth rate of 1.90%, feed conversion ratio of 2.05 and the survival rate of 70%.

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Effects of Three Types of Massage on Serum Levels of Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase After One Session of Exhaustive Exercise in Female Futsal Players

Complementary Medicine Journal ◽

10.32598/cmja.10.4.631.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 328-339

Author(s):

Bahare Heydari ◽

◽

Mohsen Ghofrani ◽

Mohammad Ebrahim Bahram ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Serum Levels ◽

The Body ◽

Exhaustive Exercise ◽

Oxidative Stress Marker ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: The production of reactive oxygen species in exercise causes oxidative stress which disturbs the balance of oxidants and antioxidants, causing destructive effects on cells. The present study aims to investigate the effect of three types of massage (Swedish, Russian, Thai) on serum levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) following one session of exhaustive exercise. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 48 female futsal players aged 17-22 years in Zahedan, Iran who were selected using a purposive sampling method, and randomly divided into four groups of Swedish massage (Long strokes with pressing and tapping using hands), Russian massage (Medium to high pressure), Thai massage (Pressure to certain parts of the body) and Control. The exercise program was based on Bruce protocol. Serum levels of MDA, GPX and SOD were measured by before and immediately after exercise and after massage. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA, considering a significance level of P≤0.05. Results: In all three types of massage, there was a significant decrease in serum level of MDA (0.22±0.08), and a significant increase in GPX (1.84±0.46) and SOD (10.02±2.86) levels after exhaustive (P=0.001). No significant difference was observed in the control group. Conclusion: It seems that Russian, Thai, and Swedish types of massage can affect the serum levels of the MDA (as an oxidative stress marker) and the antioxidant enzymes of GPX and SOD during the post-exercise recovery period.

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Effects of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix supplementation on body weight gain in broiler chickens

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14914 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 245-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MA Rahman ◽

MS Parvin ◽

RR Sarker ◽

MT Islam

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

The Body ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

An experiment was conducted at the Khanpura Poultry Farm, near to the Babugonj campus of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali during the period from August to September, 2011 to evaluate the effect of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix on the body weight gain in broiler chickens. A total of 90 Cobb 500 day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 30), namely Groups A, B and C. Broiler birds in groups A and B were supplemented with growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix, respectively in addition to commercial feed from day 4 till day 25. The dose of both the growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix was 2.5 g/kg of feed. Chickens of group C served as control and supplemented with commercial feed only. Body weight was recorded at three times as on day 11, 18 and 25, respectively. The mean body weight was insignificantly (p > 0.05) higher in birds of groups A (992.5±139.6g) and B (978.3±147.0g) than those of group C (926.7±133.2g). The percent increase in body weight gain compare to control was increased in both the supplemented groups (5.8% in group A and 8.8% in group B) though there was no significant difference. Based on the results, it is suggested that supplementation of growth promoter and multivitamin-mineral premix in broilers even after feeding of commercial feed has positive effect on the growth of broilers.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v10i2.14914 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 10(2): 245-248, 2012

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The Suitability of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal Supplementation to Commercial Diets on the Growth and Survival of Oreochromis niloticus Fry

JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research ◽

10.7719/jpair.v27i1.456 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Romeo D. Caturao ◽

Michel R. Atilano ◽

Rexie B. Urbina

Keyword(s):

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Average Length ◽

Fish Nutrition ◽

Average Weight ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Commercial Diet ◽

Leaf Meal ◽

Commercial Diets ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference

Proper fish nutrition and adequate feeding are necessary for high fish production. The study was conducted to determine the suitability of M. oleifera leaf meal supplementation to commercial diets on the growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus fry until fingerling size. Seven experimental diets were used with three replicates each arranged in a complete randomized design. Treatments 1, 3 and 5 were given commercial diets only, treatments 2, 4, and 6 with 10% M. oleifera leaves and 90% commercial diets. Treatment 7 was the control with rice bran. Each treatment was stocked with 50 fry with an average weight of 1.76+0.112 and an average length of 47.65+1.78 and feed for two months. Data gathered were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA to determine significant difference among treatments. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to determine the significant difference between treatment means. All test used 0.05 level of significance. Results showed significant differences among treatments. Treatment 4 had the highest average weight of 6.83+0.145 g, an average length of 65.97+0.251 mm, and survival rate of 86.0+2.646% after eight weeks of culture. Growth and survival of Oreochromis niloticus could be enhanced by adding 10% dried M. oleifera leaf meal supplementation to commercial diet.

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Pengukuran Kecernaan Protein Kasar, Serat Kasar, Lemak Kasar, Dan Energi Pada Pakan Komersial Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) Dengan Menggunakan Teknik Pembedahan [Digestibility Value Of Crude Fiber And Nitrogen Free Extract (Nfe) For Different Commercial Feed In Gouramy (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) Using Surgical Technique]

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan ◽

10.20473/jipk.v6i1.11384 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 71 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agustono Agustono

Keyword(s):

Economic Value ◽

Surgical Techniques ◽

The Body ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Water Contact ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Nitrogen Free Extract ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Value Measurement

Abstract Gouramy (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) belongs to a group of freshwater fish that have an important economic value and has been cultivated as other economic fish. Increase of biomass production in an aquaculture should consider feeding factors. Not every components in the feed can be absorbed in the digestive process. Parts that can not be absorbed by the body will be issued in the form of the feces so it can be determined the value of the digestibility of a feed material. Crude fiber and nitrogen free extract (NFE) digestibilty value is kind of nutrition that can be determinated. This study aims to determine the digestibility value of crude fiber and nitrogen free extract (NFE) in different commercial feed mills in gouramy (Osphronemus goramy Lac.). This study used 3 treatments, P1 ( commercial feed A), P2 (commercial feed B) and P3 (commercial feed C) with 6 replications. Digestibility value measurement method used was taking feces with surgical techniques. Feces retrieval method aims to minimize water contact with feces. The research design used in this study is completely randomized design. Observed variables are digestibility of crude fiber and nitrogen free extract (NFE). Based on the results of the study can be seen that in the used of diffetent commercial feed there is no significant difference (p> 0.05) on the digestibility value of crude fiber and nitrogen free extract.

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Biofilm formed on different natural substrates enhances the growth and survival in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879) juveniles

Indian Journal of Fisheries ◽

10.21077/ijf.2018.65.1.70291-09 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. K. Jesna ◽

B. R. Pillai ◽

Namita Naik ◽

Harmohan Pradhan

Keyword(s):

Water Exchange ◽

Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽

Freshwater Prawn ◽

Fiber Glass ◽

Paddy Straw ◽

Daily Growth ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Significant Difference ◽

De Man ◽

Pellet Feed

An experiment of 65 days duration was conducted to study the effect of biofilm formed on different natural substrates at different substratum densities on the growth and survival of juveniles of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879). Natural substrates like dried paddy straw and cut grass were evaluated as substratum for biofilm production. The experiment was conducted in fiber glass tanks of 500 l capacity. The study comprised six treatments viz., dried paddy straw at 60 (T1); 120 (T2) and 240 (T3) g tank-1 and cut grass at 60 (T4) and 120 (T5) g tank-1, each with three replicates following a completely randomised design. Prawn juveniles reared without any substratum acted as control. Ten days after the introduction of substratum in the tanks, prawn juveniles (2.01 g±0.37) were stocked at a density of 40 m-³. The juveniles were fed with 2 mm commercial pellet feed (30% protein) at 5% of the biomass. No water exchange was done in the treatment tanks whereas in control tanks 50% water exchange was done once every week. The study revealed significantly (p<0.05) higher survival rate (%) in the treatment tanks (94.4±9.6, 80.5±12.7, 86.1±12.7, 86.1±4.8 and 91.6±8.35 for treatments T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively) compared to the control (52.8±9.5). Among treatment tanks, T2 and T3 showed significantly higher (p<0.05) average daily growth (g d-1) (0.055±0.005 and 0.057±0.005 respectively) when compared to other treatments (0.0367±0.02 for T1 and 0.0373±0.01 for T5). But the specific growth rate did not show any significant difference among the treated groups including control. Use of biofilm significantly reduced the usage of water (by 2.9 times) compared to control, which is significant considering the predicted water scarcity in future.

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