scholarly journals Efficiency of Sawdust from Selected African Indigenous Wood spp. as a Low-cost Adsorbent for Removal of Copper Ion from Contaminated Water

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
E. A. Iyiola ◽  
J. M. Owoyemi ◽  
T. P. Saliu ◽  
B. Olufemi ◽  
D. O. Dania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Four Levels

Aims: This study investigates the use of sawdust from 3 hardwood species as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of copper from contaminated water. Study Design: The experimental design used for this study was 3 x 2 x 4 factorial experiment; the different sawdust species, two baselines (treated and untreated) and four levels of pH and time as factors were combined and used for the study. Methodology: Test was carried out to investigate the effect of sawdust pre-treatment on their adsorption capacity in the removal of Copper ions from contaminated water at different pH levels; the sawdust samples were sieved through a screen size of 850 μm after which a portion of each species sawdust was subjected to pre-treatment by boiling while the other portions were maintained as control samples (untreated). Results: The results shows that adsorption capacity for both treated and untreated samples were 69.75±13.78%,  68.60±19.48%, 69.34±23.08%, 74.79±17.79%, 74.52±22.30% and 76.90±18.21% for  Alstonia boonei, Erythrophleum suaveolens  and Ficus mucuso  respectively. Conclusion: The contact time and pH showed no significant difference between the treated and untreated samples. Sawdusts from the selected wood species are suitable to be used as adsorbent towards the removal of copper from contaminated water.

scholarly journals Removal of Hg2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions from Contaminated Water Using Caladium bicolor (Wild Cocoyam)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ayim ◽  
Julius Agongo ◽  
Patrick Opare Sakyi ◽  
Benjamin Darko Asamoah ◽  
Alfred K Bienibuor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Global Threat

Abstract Heavy metal persistence in the environment is a global threat and researchers continue to explore low-cost effective technologies for removing these contaminants from the environment. In this study, the ability of Caladium bicolor (biosorbent) to remove lead, zinc, copper and mercury ions from the contaminated water was explored. At 2 ppm metal ion concentration, the biosorbent was able to remove all four metal ions with a low removal efficiency of 79.5% for Hg2+ and a high of 99.5% for Pb2+. The effectiveness of the biosorbent, however, decreased when the metal ion concentration was increased beyond 2 ppm. Specifically, the biosorbent’s effectiveness was studied at 5, 10, 25, and 50 ppm metal ion concentrations. Interestingly, the decrease in effectiveness with regards to Pb2+ was relatively marginal, suggesting a stronger preference of Caladium bicolor for lead. In order to determine optimal conditions required for effective adsorption or high metal removal efficiencies, the effect of biosorbent mass and contact time for equilibration of the biosorbent with the metals were also investigated. While 30 min contact time was found to be adequate for effective metal removal, there was no significant difference in the results obtained when 0.5 g vs 2.0 g of the biosorbent was used. FT-IR analyses also revealed that similar functional groups were responsible for the removal of all the four metals studied.

Parameters Affecting Dye Adsorption - Using Graphene Coated Sand (GSC)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seroor Atalah Khaleefa Alia ◽  
Dr. Mohammed Ibrahimb ◽  
Hussein Ali Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Heavy Metals Ions ◽  
Coated Sand

Adsorption is most commonly applied process for the removal of pollutants such as dyes and heavy metals ions from wastewater. The present work talks about preparing graphenic material attached sand grains called graphene sand composite (GSC) by using ordinary sugar as a carbon source. Physical morphology and chemical composition of GSC was examined by using (FTIR, SEM, EDAX and XRD). Efficiency of GSC in the adsorption of organic dyes from water was investigated using reactive green dye with different parameters such as (ph, temperature, contact time and dose). Adsorption isotherm was also studied and the results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of dye is 28.98 mg/g. This fast, low-cost process can be used to manufacture commercial filters to treat contaminated water using appropriate engineering designs.

Adsorptive Removal of Copper from Waste Water Using Biomass & Biochar Based Materials

2022 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 459-467
Author(s):  
Sadamanti Sireesha ◽  
Utkarsh Upadhyay ◽  
Inkollu Sreedhar ◽  
K.L. Anitha
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Mango Kernel ◽  
Neem Leaves

Heavy metal contamination has been one of the primary environmental concerns for many years in most developing countries. As the industries continue to search for low-cost and efficient adsorbents to treat their effluents contaminated with these toxic metal ions, biomass-based adsorbents have gained much attention. This work exploits such ten different biomass-based adsorbents (namely, Karanja de-oiled cake, Neem de-oiled cake, Neem leaves, Moringa Leaves, Bagasse, Mango Kernel, Wheat Bran, Eucalyptus, Fly ash, and Corn cob) for adsorption of copper ions in particular. Further, selected adsorbents (namely Karanja de-oiled cake, Neem de-oiled cake, Bagasse, Wheat Bran and Mango Kernel) were taken to the next stage and modified to biochar and tested again for copper removal. Among the biomass-based adsorbents, the highest adsorption capacity was observed for Neem de-oiled cake (equal to 9.6 mg/g). While for biochar-based adsorbents, Bagasse showed the highest adsorption capacity for copper (equivalent to 13.0 mg/g).

scholarly journals Harnessing of Newly Tailored Poly (Acrylonitrile)-Starch Nanoparticle Graft Copolymer for Copper Ion Removal via Oximation Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
khaled Mostafa ◽  
H. Ameen ◽  
A. Ebessy ◽  
A. El-Sanabary
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Graft Copolymer ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Abstract Our recently tailored and fully characterized poly (AN)-starch nanoparticle graft copolymer having 60.1 G.Y. % was used as a starting substrate for copper ions removal from waste water effluent after chemical modification with hydroxyl amine via oximation reaction. This was done to change the abundant nitrile groups in the above copolymer into amidoxime one and the resultant poly (amidoxime) resin was used as adsorbent for copper ions. The resin was characterized qualitatively via rapid vanadium ion test and instrumentally by FT-IR spectra and SEM morphological analysis to confirm the presence of amidoxime groups. The adsorption capacity of the resin was done using the batch technique, whereas the residual copper ions content in the filtrate before and after adsorption was measured using atomic adsorption spectrometry. It was found that the maximum adsorption capacity of poly (amidoxime) resin was 115.2 mg/g at pH 7, 400ppm copper ions concentration and 0.25 g adsorbent at room temperature. The adsorption, kinetics and isothermal study of the process is scrutinized using different variables, such as pH, contact time, copper ion concentration and adsorbent dosage. Different kinetics models comprising the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order have been applied to the experimental data to envisage the adsorption kinetics. It was found from kinetic study that pseudo-second-order rate equation was better than pseudo-first-order supporting the formation of chemisorption process. While, in case of isothermal study, the examination of calculated correlation coefficient (R2) values showed that the Langmuir model provide the best fit to experimental data than Freundlich one.

Adsorption of Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Solutions by Peanut Shell Cellulose Modified with Carbon Disulphide

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Qing Shan Pan ◽  
Dai Qi Li ◽  
Jian Qiang Li ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Mei Gui Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cellulose Xanthate ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Hydroxide Solution

Peanut shell Cellulose Xanthate (PCX) was prepared by reacting with carbon disulphide after mercerized by sodium hydroxide solution. The preparing conditions (hydroxide solution concentration, carbon disulphide dosage, temperature) were optimized in this study. And the effects of PCX amount and contact time on the removal of Cd (II) ion from aqueous solution was studied,the results indicated that when the initial Cd (II) ion concentration was 10mg/L, the adsorption capacity of PXC was high effective with the PCX amount was 1g/L and the contact time was 1.5h,the equilibrium adsorption capacity of PCX was 9.87 mg/g and the removal rate of Cd (II) ion was 98.72%.Then the regeneration capacities of PCX adsorbent was investigated, the results indicated that the removal rate of Cd (II) ion was more than 75% after regeneration. All the results indicated that the PCX can be used as a low cost but effective biosorbent for heavy metals remediation.

scholarly journals The Multi-Copper-Ion Oxidase CueO of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Is Required for Systemic Virulence

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 2312-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud E. S. Achard ◽  
Jai J. Tree ◽  
James A. Holden ◽  
Kim R. Simpfendorfer ◽  
Odilia L. C. Wijburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Periplasmic Enzyme

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium possesses a multi-copper-ion oxidase (multicopper oxidase), CueO (also known as CuiD), a periplasmic enzyme known to be required for resistance to copper ions. CueO from S. Typhimurium was expressed as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli, and the purified protein exhibited a high cuprous oxidase activity. We have characterized an S. Typhimurium cueO mutant and confirmed that it is more sensitive to copper ions. Using a murine model of infection, it was observed that the cueO mutant was significantly attenuated, as indicated by reduced recovery of bacteria from liver and spleen, although there was no significant difference in recovery from Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes. However, the intracellular survival of the cueO mutant in unprimed or gamma-interferon-primed murine macrophages was not statistically different from that of wild-type Salmonella, suggesting that additional host factors are involved in clearance of the cueO mutant. Unlike a cueO mutant from E. coli, the S. Typhimurium cueO mutant did not show greater sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide and its sensitivity to copper ions was not affected by siderophores. Similarly, the S. Typhimurium cueO mutant was not rescued from copper ion toxicity by addition of the branched-chain amino acids and leucine.

scholarly journals Utilization of yellow velvetleaf and water spinach to reduce copper ion in surface water of the estuary of babon river Semarang

2021 ◽  
Vol 896 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
B Syahputra ◽  
Nafiah
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Reduction Efficiency ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatic

Abstract The Babon River in East Semarang has been polluted by heavy metals sourced from industrial waste. So that water pollution at the Babon River estuary does not spread, it is necessary to carry out water treatment. This research uses a glass aquarium reactor and utilizes yellow velvetleaf (limmoncharis Flava) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatic fork) plants as a medium to reduce the concentration of copper ions (Cu2+) by using variations in detention time. The results and analysis showed that yellow velvetleaf and water spinach could reduce the concentration of copper ions (Cu2+) in estuary surface water within 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and 5 hours. After going through several stages of a simple drinking water pre-treatment process, the results showed that yellow velvetleaf plants could reduce the concentration of copper ions (Cu2+) in Babon river water samples, from an initial concentration of 0.055 mg/L to 0.020 mg/L, with the highest efficiency percentage reduction up to 61.5%. As for water spinach, the concentration of copper ions that can be reduced only reaches the lowest level of 0.047 mg/L, with the highest percentage reduction efficiency of only 9.6% after the same pre-treatment process.

scholarly journals Adsorption Of Cd(II) Ions From Aqueous Solution By A Low-Cost Biosorbent Prepared From Ipomea Pes-Caprae Stem

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Thaharah Ramadhani ◽  
Faisal Abdullah ◽  
Indra Indra ◽  
Abrar Muslim ◽  
Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir

The use of a low-cost biosorbent prepared from Ipomoea pes-caprae stem for the adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution at different contact times, biosorbent sizes, pH values, and initial Cd(II) ions concentration solution was investigated. The biosorbent was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to find important IR-active functional groups. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the biosorbent morphology. The experimental results showed the highest Cd(II) ions adsorption was 29.513 mg/g  under an optimal condition as initial Cd(II) ions concentration of 662.77 mg/L, 1 g dose, 80-min contact time, pH 5, 75 rpm of stirring speed, 1 atm, and 30 oC. Cd(II) ions' adsorption kinetics obeys the linearized pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.996), and the adsorption capacity is based on the optimal condition, and the rate attained was 44.444 mg/g and 0.097 g/mg. Min, respectively. Besides, the adsorption isotherms were very well fitted by the linearized Langmuir isotherm model, and the monolayer adsorption capacity and pore volume determined was 30.121 mg/g and 0.129 L/mg, respectively. These results indicated the chemisorption nature

scholarly journals Glyphosate adsorption by Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark-mediated char and optimization through response surface modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalesh Sen ◽  
Jayanta Kumar Datta ◽  
Naba Kumar Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Multilayer Adsorption ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Glyphosate Herbicide

Abstract In this study, orthophosphoric acid-modified activated char was prepared from Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark (EBAC), and used for removing traces of [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (glyphosate) herbicide from aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity was characterized by zero-point-charge pH, surface analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Batch mode experiments were conducted to observe the effects of selected variables, namely dose, contact time, pH, temperature, and initial concentration, on adsorption capacity. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models were generated to describe the mechanisms involved in the multilayer adsorption process. The results show that high temperature enhanced the adsorption capacity of EBAC, with a temperature of 373 K yielding adsorption capacity (qmax) and Freundlich parameter (KF) of 66.76 mg g−1 and 9.64 (mg g−1) (L mg−1)−n, respectively. The thermodynamics study revealed entropy and enthalpy of −5281.3 J mol−1 and −20.416 J mol−1, respectively. Finally, glyphosate adsorption was optimized by the Box–Behnken model, and optimal conditions were recorded as initial concentration of 20.28 mg L−1, pH 10.18, adsorbent dose of 199.92 mg/50 mL, temperature of 303.23 K, and contact time of 78.42 min, with removal efficiency of 98%. Therefore, it can be suggested that EBAC could be used as an efficient, low-cost adsorbent for removal of glyphosate from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Removal of water hardness using zeolite synthesized from Ethiopian kaolin by hydrothermal method

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadele Assefa Aragaw ◽  
Adane Adugna Ayalew
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Zeolite Synthesis ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Water Softening ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The use of low cost materials in zeolite synthesis becomes an area of important interest in water softening. This research is aimed to utilize kaolin for zeolite synthesis with hydrothermal method. Mechanical, thermal chemical treatments of raw kaolin were used for zeolite synthesis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR), AAS, XRD, surface area (BET), differential scanning calorimetry and TGA were used to characterize kaolin and zeolite and UV–VIS/spectrometer were used for adsorption capacity of ion exchange. Effect of contact time, pH solution and temperature of the solution were studied for batch experiments. XRD values indicated that the prepared material is showed as fully crystalline and primarily amorphous. Before and after hardness removal sample transmittance percentage intensity showed a wide range of difference. From this study, it can be deduced that Zeolite can be used as a low cost water softening agent. At room temperature, the residue is well with calcium and badly with magnesium, whereas affinity toward Mg ions increases to acceptable levels at 60 °C. The cation exchange capacity of zeolite was found to be dependent on contact time. The batch experiments of removing Ca2+ and Mg2+ show that the adsorption capacity of zeolite in calcium ion is higher affinity than magnesium ion.

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